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Li M, Zhong B, Li J, Li J, Zhang X, Luo X, Li H. The influence of self-esteem on interpersonal and competence evaluations: electrophysiological evidence from an ERP study. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae017. [PMID: 38306660 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Using event-related potentials, this study examined how self-esteem affects neural responses to competence (interpersonal) feedback when the need for relatedness (competence) is thwarted or met. Participants with low and high self-esteem acted as advisors who selected one of two options for a putative advisee. Subsequently, they passively observed the advisee, accepted, or rejected their advice (i.e. interpersonal feedback) and received correct or incorrect outcomes (i.e. competence feedback). When interpersonal feedback was followed by competence feedback, high self-esteem participants showed a smaller P3 following incorrect than correct outcomes, irrespective of whether the advice had been accepted or rejected. However, low self-esteem participants showed this P3 effect only when the advice was rejected, and the P3 difference disappeared when the advice was accepted. When competence feedback was followed by interpersonal feedback, both low self-esteem and high self-esteem individuals showed a larger P2 for rejection than for acceptance and a larger late potential component for incorrect than correct outcomes. These findings suggest that when interpersonal feedback is followed by competence feedback, low self-esteem and high self-esteem individuals have a desire for self-positivity. When competence feedback is followed by interpersonal feedback, they may have motives for self-change. Our findings shed light on the motivational mechanisms for self-esteem and feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, No. 55 Zhongshan Road, TianHe Dist., Guangzhou 510631, China
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behaviour Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
| | - Bowei Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 80 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 80 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behaviour Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
| | - Jialu Li
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behaviour Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
| | - Xukai Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behaviour Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, No. 55 Zhongshan Road, TianHe Dist., Guangzhou 510631, China
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
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