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Kanthi A, Deepeshwar S, Chidananda K, Vidyashree M, Krishna D. Event-Related Potential Changes Following 12-week Yoga Practice in T2DM Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin EEG Neurosci 2024:15500594241249511. [PMID: 38689456 DOI: 10.1177/15500594241249511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Introduction. Type 2 diabetes patients are more likely to experience cognitive decline (1.5%) and dementia (1.6%) than healthy individuals. Although cognitive impairment adversely affects Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, it is the least addressed complication of T2DM patients. Objective. The present study attempts to examine the changes in cognitive performance of T2DM patients and the probable factors contributing to the changes following 12-week yoga practice. Methods. The current study is a parallel group randomized controlled trial that compared the outcomes of the participants randomized to a yoga group (YG) (n = 25) and to a wait-list control group (n = 29). The study assessed N200 and N450 event-related potential (ERP) components following the Stroop task, heart rate variability (HRV) and HbA1c before and after the intervention. Results. The mean amplitude of the N200 ERP component showed a significant group difference after the intervention, demonstrating an improved neural efficiency in the process of conflict monitoring and response inhibition. No differences were present for the N450 component. T2DM patients showed reduced heart rate and increased mean RR following yoga practice without any corresponding changes in other HRV parameters, demonstrating an overall improvement in cardiac activity. Along with that yoga practice also reduced HbA1c levels in T2DM patients, indicating improved glycemic control. Moreover, HbA1c levels were negatively correlated with reaction time after the intervention, indicating an impact of glycemic control on cognitive performance. Conclusion. The 12-week yoga practice improved cognitive performance by enhancing the processes of conflict monitoring and response inhibition. Further, improved cognitive performance postintervention was facilitated by improved glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kanthi
- Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (S-VYASA), Bangalore, India
| | | | - Kaligal Chidananda
- Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (S-VYASA), Bangalore, India
| | | | - Dwivedi Krishna
- Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (S-VYASA), Bangalore, India
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Luo X, Yu T, Tan M, Zhong Y. Impact of Empathic Concern on Prosocial Behavior in Gain and Loss Contexts: Evidence from Event-Related Potential. Brain Sci 2024; 14:400. [PMID: 38672049 PMCID: PMC11047841 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study employs event-related potential (ERP) to examine the impact of empathic concern on prosocial decision-making with costs in both gain and loss contexts. In this experiment, participants can choose between two types of lottery tickets and pay lottery money to help the target person gain more money or lose less money. The behavioral results showed that regardless of the context of the decision (financial loss or gain), participants tended to help individuals who had induced high empathic concern. ERP results show that compared to the low-empathic-concern condition, the high-empathic-concern condition induced greater P3 amplitude in the gain context. However, this change in P3 amplitude caused by empathic concern did not occur in the context of loss. These findings indicate that empathic concern has different psychological mechanisms that moderate prosocial behavior in gain and loss contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Luo
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (X.L.); (M.T.)
- School of Physics and Chemistry, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha 410081, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Children’s Psychological Development and Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Taowen Yu
- Department of Psychology, Changsha Normal University, Changsha 410100, China;
| | - Min Tan
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (X.L.); (M.T.)
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yiping Zhong
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (X.L.); (M.T.)
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha 410081, China
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Li P, Zhu C, Geng P, He W, Luo W. Implicit induction of expressive suppression in regulation of happy crowd emotions. Soc Neurosci 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38595063 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2024.2340806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Implicit emotion regulation provides an effective means of controlling emotions triggered by a single face without conscious awareness and effort. Crowd emotion has been proposed to be perceived as more intense than it actually is, but it is still unclear how to regulate it implicitly. In this study, participants viewed sets of faces of varying emotionality (e.g. happy to angry) and estimated the mean emotion of each set after being primed with an expressive suppression goal, a cognitive reappraisal goal, or a neutral goal. Faster discrimination for happy than angry crowds was observed. After induction of the expressive suppression goal instead of the cognitive reappraisal goal, augmented N170 and early posterior negativity (EPN) amplitudes, as well as attenuated late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes, were observed in response to happy crowds compared to the neutral goal. Differential processing of angry crowds was not observed after the induction of both regulatory goals compared to the neutral goal. Our findings thus reveal the happy-superiority effect and that implicit induction of expressive suppression improves happy crowd emotion recognition, promotes selective coding, and successfully downregulates the neural response to happy crowds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Department of Investigation, Liaoning Police College, Dalian, China
| | - Chuanlin Zhu
- School of Educational Science, Yangzhou University, Dalian, China
| | - Peiyao Geng
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Weiqi He
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenbo Luo
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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4
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Wilson KA, MacNamara A. Generalization of savoring to novel positive stimuli. Psychophysiology 2024:e14537. [PMID: 38333910 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Savoring is a positive emotion up-regulation technique that can increase electrocortical and self-reported valence and arousal to positive and neutral pictures, with effects persisting to increase response to the same stimuli when encountered later. Outside of the lab, emotion regulation techniques that persist to affect not just encounters with the same stimuli but also encounters with similar, but previously unencountered stimuli should save individuals time and effort. Here, we used event-related potentials and picture ratings to test whether savoring would generalize to similar, but previously unseen positive pictures. To this end, 89 participants (56 female; M age = 18.96 years, SD = 1.87) were asked to savor positive pictures from one category (e.g., happy people) and to view positive pictures from another category (e.g., cute animals), as well as to view neutral pictures (e.g., plants). In a subsequent passive picture viewing task, participants viewed novel pictures from all three categories (i.e., happy people, cute animals, plants). In the first task, savoring was effective for pictures of animals throughout picture presentation, but only for pictures of people during the later part of picture presentation. In the second task, savoring generalized to novel pictures of animals, though this was only evident in the early portion of picture processing (and for self-reported ratings). Therefore, savoring holds promise as a useful technique for increasing positive emotion in everyday life, though more work is needed to understand whether effects may vary depending on different types of picture content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla A Wilson
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Annmarie MacNamara
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
- Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Li M, Zhong B, Li J, Li J, Zhang X, Luo X, Li H. The influence of self-esteem on interpersonal and competence evaluations: electrophysiological evidence from an ERP study. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae017. [PMID: 38306660 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Using event-related potentials, this study examined how self-esteem affects neural responses to competence (interpersonal) feedback when the need for relatedness (competence) is thwarted or met. Participants with low and high self-esteem acted as advisors who selected one of two options for a putative advisee. Subsequently, they passively observed the advisee, accepted, or rejected their advice (i.e. interpersonal feedback) and received correct or incorrect outcomes (i.e. competence feedback). When interpersonal feedback was followed by competence feedback, high self-esteem participants showed a smaller P3 following incorrect than correct outcomes, irrespective of whether the advice had been accepted or rejected. However, low self-esteem participants showed this P3 effect only when the advice was rejected, and the P3 difference disappeared when the advice was accepted. When competence feedback was followed by interpersonal feedback, both low self-esteem and high self-esteem individuals showed a larger P2 for rejection than for acceptance and a larger late potential component for incorrect than correct outcomes. These findings suggest that when interpersonal feedback is followed by competence feedback, low self-esteem and high self-esteem individuals have a desire for self-positivity. When competence feedback is followed by interpersonal feedback, they may have motives for self-change. Our findings shed light on the motivational mechanisms for self-esteem and feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, No. 55 Zhongshan Road, TianHe Dist., Guangzhou 510631, China
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behaviour Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
| | - Bowei Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 80 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 80 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behaviour Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
| | - Jialu Li
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behaviour Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
| | - Xukai Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behaviour Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, No. 36 Lushan Road, Yuelu Dist., Changsha 410081, China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, No. 55 Zhongshan Road, TianHe Dist., Guangzhou 510631, China
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
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6
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Kueper N, Chari K, Bütefür J, Habenicht J, Rossol T, Kim SK, Tabie M, Kirchner F, Kirchner EA. EEG and EMG dataset for the detection of errors introduced by an active orthosis device. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1304311. [PMID: 38317650 PMCID: PMC10839100 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1304311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Kueper
- Robotics Innovation Centre, German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Bremen, Germany
| | - Kartik Chari
- Robotics Innovation Centre, German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Bremen, Germany
| | - Judith Bütefür
- Institute of Medical Technology Systems, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Julia Habenicht
- Institute of Medical Technology Systems, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Rossol
- Robotics Innovation Centre, German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Bremen, Germany
| | - Su Kyoung Kim
- Robotics Innovation Centre, German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Bremen, Germany
| | - Marc Tabie
- Robotics Innovation Centre, German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Bremen, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchner
- Robotics Innovation Centre, German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Bremen, Germany
- Robotics Lab, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Elsa Andrea Kirchner
- Robotics Innovation Centre, German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Bremen, Germany
- Institute of Medical Technology Systems, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
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7
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Cheng Y, Peters BR, MacNamara A. Positive emotion up-regulation is resistant to working memory load: An electrocortical investigation of reappraisal and savoring. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14385. [PMID: 37424455 PMCID: PMC10776823 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Studies of emotion regulation to-date have mostly focused on negative emotion down-regulation, leaving positive emotion up-regulation poorly understood, particularly regarding factors that may modulate its success. While reappraisal and savoring have been shown to be effective at increasing electrocortical and subjective response to pictures in controlled laboratory settings, it remains unclear whether individuals can effectively enact these techniques to willfully increase positive emotions in everyday life when faced with other concurrent distractions/demands. Here, we used the late positive potential (LPP), an electrocortical measure that is larger for emotional compared to neutral stimuli, to assess the effect of working memory (WM) load on individuals' ability to reappraise or savor positive pictures. Seventy-six participants were randomly assigned to use either reappraisal or savoring to up-regulate positive emotion to pictures. Following training, participants engaged in a positive emotion up-regulation task interspersed with high and low WM load trials, while EEG was recorded. Frequentist and Bayesian statistics showed that although high WM load seemed to consume resources and reduced picture processing overall, it did not interfere with the enhancement of the LPP via positive emotion up-regulation. Nonetheless, WM performance (especially on high-load trials) was worse when participants were engaged in positive emotion up-regulation. Therefore, while both techniques appear to be effective under concurrent WM load, positive emotion up-regulation may interfere with other ongoing tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Cheng
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Blaine R. Peters
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Annmarie MacNamara
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
- Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
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Shkury E, Danziger-Schragenheim S, Katzir Z, Ezra Y, Giladi N, Mirelman A, Maidan I. Differences in EEG Event-Related Potentials during Dual Task in Parkinson's Disease Carriers and Non-Carriers of the G2019S-LRRK2 Mutation. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8266. [PMID: 37837096 PMCID: PMC10575245 DOI: 10.3390/s23198266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The G2019S-LRRK2 gene mutation is a common cause of hereditary Parkinson's disease (PD), associated with a higher frequency of the postural instability gait difficulty (PIGD) motor phenotype yet with preserved cognition. This study investigated neurophysiological changes during motor and cognitive tasks in PD patients with and without the G2019S-LRRK2 mutation. METHODS 33 iPD patients and 22 LRRK2-PD patients performed the visual Go/NoGo task (VGNG) during sitting (single-task) and walking (dual-task) while wearing a 64-channel EEG cap. Event-related potentials (ERP) from Fz and Pz, specifically N200 and P300, were extracted and analyzed to quantify brain activity patterns. RESULTS The LRRK2-PD group performed better in the VGNG than the iPD group (group*task; p = 0.05). During Go, the iPD group showed reduced N2 amplitude and prolonged N2 latency during walking, whereas the LRRK2-PD group showed only shorter latency (group*task p = 0.027). During NoGo, opposite patterns emerged; the iPD group showed reduced N2 and increased P3 amplitudes during walking while the LRRK2-PD group demonstrated increased N2 and reduced P3 (N2: group*task, p = 0.010, P3: group*task, p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS The LRRK2-PD group showed efficient early cognitive processes, reflected by N2, resulting in greater neural synchronization and prominent ERPs. These processes are possibly the underlying mechanisms for the observed better cognitive performance as compared to the iPD group. As such, future applications of intelligent medical sensing should be capable of capturing these electrophysiological patterns in order to enhance motor-cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden Shkury
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (E.S.); (S.D.-S.); (Z.K.); (Y.E.); (N.G.); (A.M.)
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Shani Danziger-Schragenheim
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (E.S.); (S.D.-S.); (Z.K.); (Y.E.); (N.G.); (A.M.)
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Zoya Katzir
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (E.S.); (S.D.-S.); (Z.K.); (Y.E.); (N.G.); (A.M.)
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Yael Ezra
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (E.S.); (S.D.-S.); (Z.K.); (Y.E.); (N.G.); (A.M.)
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Nir Giladi
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (E.S.); (S.D.-S.); (Z.K.); (Y.E.); (N.G.); (A.M.)
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Anat Mirelman
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (E.S.); (S.D.-S.); (Z.K.); (Y.E.); (N.G.); (A.M.)
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Inbal Maidan
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (E.S.); (S.D.-S.); (Z.K.); (Y.E.); (N.G.); (A.M.)
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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Sun D, Zhang X, Zhou J, Li N. Editorial: Affective processing and non-invasive brain stimulation, volume II. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1291645. [PMID: 37829819 PMCID: PMC10565499 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1291645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Delin Sun
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Xiaochu Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science and National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Swami P, Gramann K, Vonstad EK, Vereijken B, Holt A, Holt T, Sandstrak G, Nilsen JH, Su X. CLET: Computation of Latencies in Event-related potential Triggers using photodiode on virtual reality apparatuses. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1223774. [PMID: 37795210 PMCID: PMC10546026 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1223774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate event-related activity in human brain dynamics as measured with EEG, triggers must be incorporated to indicate the onset of events in the experimental protocol. Such triggers allow for the extraction of ERP, i.e., systematic electrophysiological responses to internal or external stimuli that must be extracted from the ongoing oscillatory activity by averaging several trials containing similar events. Due to the technical setup with separate hardware sending and recording triggers, the recorded data commonly involves latency differences between the transmitted and received triggers. The computation of these latencies is critical for shifting the epochs with respect to the triggers sent. Otherwise, timing differences can lead to a misinterpretation of the resulting ERPs. This study presents a methodical approach for the CLET using a photodiode on a non-immersive VR (i.e., LED screen) and an immersive VR (i.e., HMD). Two sets of algorithms are proposed to analyze the photodiode data. The experiment designed for this study involved the synchronization of EEG, EMG, PPG, photodiode sensors, and ten 3D MoCap cameras with a VR presentation platform (Unity). The average latency computed for LED screen data for a set of white and black stimuli was 121.98 ± 8.71 ms and 121.66 ± 8.80 ms, respectively. In contrast, the average latency computed for HMD data for the white and black stimuli sets was 82.80 ± 7.63 ms and 69.82 ± 5.52 ms. The codes for CLET and analysis, along with datasets, tables, and a tutorial video for using the codes, have been made publicly available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Swami
- Motion Capture and Visualization Laboratory, Applied Information Technology Group, Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Section for Visual Computing, Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Biomedical Engineering Techies, Broendby, Denmark
| | - Klaus Gramann
- Biological Psychology and Neuroergonomics, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elise Klæbo Vonstad
- Motion Capture and Visualization Laboratory, Applied Information Technology Group, Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Beatrix Vereijken
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alexander Holt
- Motion Capture and Visualization Laboratory, Applied Information Technology Group, Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tomas Holt
- Motion Capture and Visualization Laboratory, Applied Information Technology Group, Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Grethe Sandstrak
- Motion Capture and Visualization Laboratory, Applied Information Technology Group, Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Harald Nilsen
- Motion Capture and Visualization Laboratory, Applied Information Technology Group, Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Xiaomeng Su
- Motion Capture and Visualization Laboratory, Applied Information Technology Group, Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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11
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Herman D, Baker S, Chow R, Cazes J, Alain C, Rosenbaum RS. Mismatch negativity as a marker of auditory pattern separation. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10181-10193. [PMID: 37522256 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To what extent does incidental encoding of auditory stimuli influence subsequent episodic memory for the same stimuli? We examined whether the mismatch negativity (MMN), an event-related potential generated by auditory change detection, is correlated with participants' ability to discriminate those stimuli (i.e. targets) from highly similar lures and from dissimilar foils. We measured the MMN in 30 young adults (18-32 years, 18 females) using a passive auditory oddball task with standard and deviant 5-tone sequences differing in pitch contour. After exposure, all participants completed an incidental memory test for old targets, lures, and foils. As expected, participants at test exhibited high sensitivity in recognizing target items relative to foils and lower sensitivity in recognizing target items relative to lures. Notably, we found a significant correlation between MMN amplitude and lure discrimination, but not foil discrimination. Our investigation shows that our capacity to discriminate sensory inputs at encoding, as measured by the MMN, translates into precision in memory for those inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deena Herman
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Vision Research, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Academy for Research and Education, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1, Canada
| | - Stevenson Baker
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Vision Research, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Academy for Research and Education, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1, Canada
| | - Ricky Chow
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Vision Research, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Academy for Research and Education, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1, Canada
| | - Jaime Cazes
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Vision Research, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Claude Alain
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Academy for Research and Education, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, 1 King's College Circle, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - R Shayna Rosenbaum
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Vision Research, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Academy for Research and Education, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1, Canada
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12
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Deng G, Ai H, Qin L, Xu J, Feng C, Xu P. Dissociated modulations of intranasal vasopressin on prosocial learning between reward-seeking and punishment-avoidance. Psychol Med 2023; 53:5415-5427. [PMID: 35983609 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722002483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an integral ingredient of human sociality, prosocial behavior requires learning what acts can benefit or harm others. However, it remains unknown how individuals adjust prosocial learning to avoid punishment or to pursue reward. Given that arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a neuropeptide that has been involved in modulating various social behaviors in mammals, it could be a crucial neurochemical facilitator that supports prosocial learning. METHODS In 50 placebo controls and 54 participants with AVP administration, we examined the modulation of AVP on the prosocial learning characterized by reward and punishment framework, as well as its underlying neurocomputational mechanisms combining computational modeling, event-related potentials and oscillations. RESULTS We found a self-bias that individuals learn to avoid punishment asymmetrically more severely than reward-seeking. Importantly, AVP increased behavioral performances and learning rates when making decisions to avoid losses for others and to obtain gains for self. These behavioral effects were underpinned by larger responses of stimulus-preceding negativity (SPN) to anticipation, as well as higher punishment-related feedback-related negativity (FRN) for prosocial learning and reward-related P300 for proself benefits, while FRN and P300 neural processes were integrated into theta (4-7 Hz) oscillation at the outcome evaluation stage. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that AVP context-dependently up-regulates altruism for concerning others' losses and reward-seeking for self-oriented benefits. Our findings provide insight into the selectively modulatory roles of AVP in prosocial behaviors depending on learning contexts between proself reward-seeking and prosocial punishment-avoidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhi Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (BNU), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Ai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lili Qin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunliang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education (South China Normal University), Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (BNU), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Center for Emotion and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China
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13
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Ning J, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu C, Cheng Y, Zhu M, Dong M, Yang X, Lv Y. Exploring the cortical habituation in migraine patients based on contingent negative variation. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1226554. [PMID: 37719755 PMCID: PMC10502328 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1226554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive dysfunction has frequently been found in patients with migraine. The so-called contingent negative variation (CNV) and EEG power spectral densities may be the best choices to explore the underlining pathophysiology, such as cortical inhibition and habituation. Methods Thirty migraine patients without aura and healthy controls matched for sex, age, and education were recruited separately for CNV recording. The amplitudes, latencies, and squares of different CNV components, such as oCNV, iCNV, tCNV, and PINV, were selected and analyzed. Behavioral data, such as manual reaction time (RT), were analyzed. We used the Person correlation coefficient R to analyze different ERP components in relation to clinical characteristics. A multiple regression analysis was conducted for the migraine group. Spectral analysis of EEG data from all channels using the fast Fourier transform (FFT). Results The migraine group had longer A-latency, C-latency, and iCNV-latency than the control group. The migraine group had higher iCNV-amplitude, oCNV-amplitude, and tCNV-amplitude than the control group, especially those located in the occipital area. The iCNV-square, oCNV-square, tCNV-square, or PINV-square in the migraine group was significantly larger than the control group. Different correlations were found between clinical characteristics and ERP components. The delta or theta activity in the migraine group was statistically lower than in the control group. Discussion Our study has revealed that migraine attacks may influence responsivity, pre-activation, habituation, and cortical inhibition not only on the behavioral level but also on the electrophysiological level. Abnormal changes in cortical habituation and inhibition can be interpreted as CNV components. Additionally, analyses have revealed correlations between CNV components and various factors, including age, the clinical course of the condition, attack frequency, pain intensity, and duration. Thus, repetitive migraine attacks can lead to a reduction in cortical inhibition and subsequent impairment in executive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinru Ning
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongxiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Center on Aging Psychology, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingying Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingqin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Computer Science College, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yudan Lv
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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14
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Morett LM. Editorial: Language embodiment, volume II: interdisciplinary methodological innovations. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1251549. [PMID: 37637905 PMCID: PMC10456853 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1251549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Morett
- Department of Educational Studies in Psychology, Research Methodology, and Counseling, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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15
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Portnova GV, Skorokhodov IV, Mayorova LA. The Levels of Auditory Processing during Emotional Perception in Children with Autism. J Integr Neurosci 2023; 22:112. [PMID: 37735128 DOI: 10.31083/j.jin2205112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The perception of basic emotional sounds, such as crying and laughter is associated with effective interpersonal communication. Difficulties with the perception and analysis of sounds that complicate understanding emotions at an early development age may contribute to communication deficits. METHODS This study focused on auditory nonverbal emotional perception including emotional vocalizations with opposite valences (crying and laughter) and neutral sound (phoneme "Pᴂ"). We conducted event-related potential analysis and compared peak alpha frequencies (PAFs) for different conditions in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) children aged 4 to 6 years old (N = 25 for each group). RESULTS Children with ASD had a higher amplitude of P100 and lower amplitude of N200 for all types of sounds and higher P270 in response to neutral phoneme. During the perception of emotional sounds, children with ASD demonstrated a single P270 electroencephalography (EEG) component instead of a P200-P300 complex specific to TD children. However, the most significant differences were associated with a response to emotional valences of stimuli. The EEG differences between crying and laughter were expressed as a lower amplitude of N400 and higher PAF for crying compared to laughter and were found only in TD children. CONCLUSIONS Children with ASD have shown not just abnormal acoustical perception but altered emotional analysis of affective sounds as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina V Portnova
- Laboratory of Human Higher Nervous Activity, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of Russian Academy of Science, 117485 Moscow, Russian Federation
- Laboratory for the Study of Tactile Communication, Pushkin State Russian Language Institute, 117485 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan V Skorokhodov
- Laboratory for the Study of Tactile Communication, Pushkin State Russian Language Institute, 117485 Moscow, Russian Federation
- Laboratory for Neurocognitive Research, Our Sunny World Center for Children with Autism, 109052 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Larisa A Mayorova
- Laboratory for the Study of Tactile Communication, Pushkin State Russian Language Institute, 117485 Moscow, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Physiology of Sensory Systems, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of Russian Academy of Science, 117485 Moscow, Russian Federation
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Yu H, Gao J, Chang RSK, Mak W, Thach TQ, Cheung RTF. Inhibitory dysfunction may cause prospective memory impairment in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients: an event-related potential study. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1006744. [PMID: 37565055 PMCID: PMC10410078 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1006744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Prospective memory (PM) is the ability to remember future intentions, and PM function is closely related to independence in daily life, particularly in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). As PM involves various cognitive components of attention, working memory, inhibition and other executive functions, this study investigated how TLE may affect PM components and the underlying neural mechanisms. Methods Sixty-four subjects were recruited, including 20 refractory TLE patients, 18 well-controlled TLE patients and 26 age-matched healthy controls. A set of neuropsychological tests was administered to assess specific brain functions. An event-related potential (ERP) task was used to further explore how PM and its components would be differentially affected in the two TLE types. Results Our findings revealed that: (1) refractory TLE patients scored lower than the healthy controls in the digit span, Verbal Fluency Test and Symbol Digit Modalities Test; (2) refractory TLE patients exhibited impaired PM performance and reduced prospective positivity amplitudes over the frontal, central and parietal regions in ERP experiments when compared to the healthy controls; and (3) decreased P3 amplitudes in the nogo trials were observed over the frontal-central sites in refractory but not in well-controlled TLE patients. Discussion To our knowledge, this is the first ERP study on PM that has specifically identified PM impairment in refractory but not in well-controlled TLE patients. Our finding of double dissociation in PM components suggests that inhibition dysfunction may be the main reason for PM deficit in refractory TLE patients. The present results have clinical implications for neuropsychological rehabilitation in TLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemei Yu
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Junling Gao
- Centre of Buddhist Studies, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Richard Shek-Kwan Chang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Windsor Mak
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Thuan-Quoc Thach
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Raymond Tak Fai Cheung
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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17
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Sun S, Wang Y, Bai X. Outcome Evaluation in Social Comparison: When You Deviate from Others. Brain Sci 2023; 13:925. [PMID: 37371402 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals often measure their performance through social comparison. With the increase in the deviation degree between the self and others, the outcome evaluation of individuals' abilities in the social comparison context is still unknown. In the current study, we used a two self-outcomes × three others' outcomes within-participant design to investigate the effect of the deviation degree of the self versus others in the social comparison context. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were measured while participants performed a three-person dot estimation task with two other people. When participants received positive results, the amplitudes of feedback-related negativity (FRN) and P300 showed a significant gradient change in the degree of deviation between the self and others (even win vs. better win vs. best win conditions). However, we did not find a similar progressive effect when participants received negative results (even loss vs. worse loss vs. worst loss conditions). These findings suggest that the deviation degree affects the primary and later processing stages of social comparison outcomes only when individuals received positive outcomes, which may reflect how people develop an empathic response to others. In contrast, people tended to avoid deeper social comparison that threatened their self-esteem when they received negative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinan Sun
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xuejun Bai
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
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18
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Fernández-Rodríguez Á, Ron-Angevin R, Velasco-Álvarez F, Diaz-Pineda J, Letouzé T, André JM. Evaluation of Single-Trial Classification to Control a Visual ERP-BCI under a Situation Awareness Scenario. Brain Sci 2023; 13:886. [PMID: 37371365 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An event-related potential (ERP)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) can be used to monitor a user's cognitive state during a surveillance task in a situational awareness context. The present study explores the use of an ERP-BCI for detecting new planes in an air traffic controller (ATC). Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of different visual factors on target detection. Experiment 1 validated the type of stimulus used and the effect of not knowing its appearance location in an ERP-BCI scenario. Experiment 2 evaluated the effect of the size of the target stimulus appearance area and the stimulus salience in an ATC scenario. The main results demonstrate that the size of the plane appearance area had a negative impact on the detection performance and on the amplitude of the P300 component. Future studies should address this issue to improve the performance of an ATC in stimulus detection using an ERP-BCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Fernández-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Telecomunicación de la Universidad de Málaga (TELMA), Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Ricardo Ron-Angevin
- Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Telecomunicación de la Universidad de Málaga (TELMA), Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Francisco Velasco-Álvarez
- Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Telecomunicación de la Universidad de Málaga (TELMA), Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | | | - Théodore Letouzé
- Laboratoire IMS, CNRS UMR 5218, Cognitive Team, Bordeaux INP-ENSC, 33400 Talence, France
| | - Jean-Marc André
- Laboratoire IMS, CNRS UMR 5218, Cognitive Team, Bordeaux INP-ENSC, 33400 Talence, France
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Li M, Chen J, He B, He G, Zhao CG, Yuan H, Xie J, Xu G, Li J. Stimulation enhancement effect of the combination of exoskeleton-assisted hand rehabilitation and fingertip haptic stimulation. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1149265. [PMID: 37287795 PMCID: PMC10242052 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1149265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Providing stimulation enhancements to existing hand rehabilitation training methods may help stroke survivors achieve better treatment outcomes. This paper presents a comparison study to explore the stimulation enhancement effects of the combination of exoskeleton-assisted hand rehabilitation and fingertip haptic stimulation by analyzing behavioral data and event-related potentials. Methods The stimulation effects of the touch sensations created by a water bottle and that created by cutaneous fingertip stimulation with pneumatic actuators are also investigated. Fingertip haptic stimulation was combined with exoskeleton-assisted hand rehabilitation while the haptic stimulation was synchronized with the motion of our hand exoskeleton. In the experiments, three experimental modes, including exoskeleton-assisted grasping motion without haptic stimulation (Mode 1), exoskeleton-assisted grasping motion with haptic stimulation (Mode 2), and exoskeleton-assisted grasping motion with a water bottle (Mode 3), were compared. Results The behavioral analysis results showed that the change of experimental modes had no significant effect on the recognition accuracy of stimulation levels (p = 0.658), while regarding the response time, exoskeleton-assisted grasping motion with haptic stimulation was the same as grasping a water bottle (p = 0.441) but significantly different from that without haptic stimulation (p = 0.006). The analysis of event-related potentials showed that the primary motor cortex, premotor cortex, and primary somatosensory areas of the brain were more activated when both the hand motion assistance and fingertip haptic feedback were provided using our proposed method (P300 amplitude 9.46 μV). Compared to only applying exoskeleton-assisted hand motion, the P300 amplitude was significantly improved by providing both exoskeleton-assisted hand motion and fingertip haptic stimulation (p = 0.006), but no significant differences were found between any other two modes (Mode 2 vs. Mode 3: p = 0.227, Mode 1 vs. Mode 3: p = 0.918). Different modes did not significantly affect the P300 latency (p = 0.102). Stimulation intensity had no effect on the P300 amplitude (p = 0.295, 0.414, 0.867) and latency (p = 0.417, 0.197, 0.607). Discussion Thus, we conclude that combining exoskeleton-assisted hand motion and fingertip haptic stimulation provided stronger stimulation on the motor cortex and somatosensory cortex of the brain simultaneously; the stimulation effects of the touch sensations created by a water bottle and that created by cutaneous fingertip stimulation with pneumatic actuators are similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo He
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guoying He
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chen-Guang Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jun Xie
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guanghua Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jichun Li
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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20
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Walla P, Külzer D, Leeb A, Moidl L, Kalt S. Brain Activities Show There Is Nothing Like a Real Friend in Contrast to Influencers and Other Celebrities. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13050831. [PMID: 37239305 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13050831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Especially for young people, influencers and other celebrities followed on social media evoke affective closeness that in their young minds seems real even though it is fake. Such fake friendships are potentially problematic because of their felt reality on the consumer side while lacking any inversely felt true closeness. The question arises if the unilateral friendship of a social media user is equal or at least similar to real reciprocal friendship. Instead of asking social media users for explicit responses (conscious deliberation), the present exploratory study aimed to answer this question with the help of brain imaging technology. Thirty young participants were first invited to provide individual lists including (i) twenty names of their most followed and loved influencers or other celebrities (fake friend names), (ii) twenty names of loved real friends and relatives (real friend names) as well as (iii) twenty names they do not feel any closeness to (no friend names). They then came to the Freud CanBeLab (Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience and Behavior Lab) where they were shown their selected names in a random sequence (two rounds), while their brain activities were recorded via electroencephalography (EEG) and later calculated into event-related potentials (ERPs). We found short (ca. 100 ms) left frontal brain activity starting at around 250 ms post-stimulus to process real friend and no friend names similarly, while both ERPs differed from those elicited by fake friend names. This is followed by a longer effect (ca. 400 ms), where left and right frontal and temporoparietal ERPs also differed between fake and real friend names, but at this later processing stage, no friend names elicited similar brain activities to fake friend names in those regions. In general, real friend names elicited the most negative going brain potentials (interpreted as highest brain activation levels). These exploratory findings represent objective empirical evidence that the human brain clearly distinguishes between influencers or other celebrities and close people out of real life even though subjective feelings of closeness and trust can be similar. In summary, brain imaging shows there is nothing like a real friend. The findings of this study might be seen as a starting point for future studies using ERPs to investigate social media impact and topics such as fake friendship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Walla
- Freud CanBeLab, Faculty of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, Sigmund Freud Platz 1, 1020 Vienna, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Sigmund Freud University, Sigmund Freud Platz 3, 1020 Vienna, Austria
- School of Psychology, Newcastle University, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Dimitrios Külzer
- Freud CanBeLab, Faculty of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, Sigmund Freud Platz 1, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Annika Leeb
- Freud CanBeLab, Faculty of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, Sigmund Freud Platz 1, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lena Moidl
- Freud CanBeLab, Faculty of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, Sigmund Freud Platz 1, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Kalt
- Freud CanBeLab, Faculty of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, Sigmund Freud Platz 1, 1020 Vienna, Austria
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21
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Morett LM. Editorial: Language embodiment: Principles, processes, and theories for learning and teaching practices in typical and atypical readers. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1144176. [PMID: 36818128 PMCID: PMC9929561 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1144176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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22
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Ron-Angevin R, Fernández-Rodríguez Á, Dupont C, Maigrot J, Meunier J, Tavard H, Lespinet-Najib V, André JM. Comparison of Two Paradigms Based on Stimulation with Images in a Spelling Brain-Computer Interface. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:1304. [PMID: 36772343 PMCID: PMC9920351 DOI: 10.3390/s23031304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A P300-based speller can be used to control a home automation system via brain activity. Evaluation of the visual stimuli used in a P300-based speller is a common topic in the field of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). The aim of the present work is to compare, using the usability approach, two types of stimuli that have provided high performance in previous studies. Twelve participants controlled a BCI under two conditions, which varied in terms of the type of stimulus employed: a red famous face surrounded by a white rectangle (RFW) and a range of neutral pictures (NPs). The usability approach included variables related to effectiveness (accuracy and information transfer rate), efficiency (stress and fatigue), and satisfaction (pleasantness and System Usability Scale and Affect Grid questionnaires). The results indicated that there were no significant differences in effectiveness, but the system that used NPs was reported as significantly more pleasant. Hence, since satisfaction variables should also be considered in systems that potential users are likely to employ regularly, the use of different NPs may be a more suitable option than the use of a single RFW for the development of a home automation system based on a visual P300-based speller.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Ron-Angevin
- Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jean-Marc André
- Laboratoire IMS, CNRS UMR 5218, Cognitive Team, Bordeaux INP-ENSC, 33400 Talence, France
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Reed CL, Garza JP, Bush WS, Parikh N, Nagar N, Vecera SP. Does hand position affect orienting when no action is required? An electrophysiological study. Front Neurosci 2023; 16:982005. [PMID: 36685236 PMCID: PMC9853295 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.982005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research has shown that attention can be biased to targets appearing near the hand that require action responses, arguing that attention to the hand facilitates upcoming action. It is unclear whether attention orients to non-targets near the hand not requiring responses. Using electroencephalography/event-related potentials (EEG/ERP), this study investigated whether hand position affected visual orienting to non-targets under conditions that manipulated the distribution of attention. We modified an attention paradigm in which stimuli were presented briefly and rapidly on either side of fixation; participants responded to infrequent targets (15%) but not standard non-targets and either a hand or a block was placed next to one stimulus location. In Experiment 1, attention was distributed across left and right stimulus locations to determine whether P1 or N1 ERP amplitudes to non-target standards were differentially influenced by hand location. In Experiment 2, attention was narrowed to only one stimulus location to determine whether attentional focus affected orienting to non-target locations near the hand. When attention was distributed across both stimulus locations, the hand increased overall N1 amplitudes relative to the block but not selectively to stimuli appearing near the hand. However, when attention was focused on one location, amplitudes were affected by the location of attentional focus and the stimulus, but not by hand or block location. Thus, hand position appears to contribute only a non-location-specific input to standards during visual orienting, but only in cases when attention is distributed across stimulus locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L. Reed
- Department of Psychological Science, Claremont McKenna College, Claremont, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Catherine L. Reed,
| | - John P. Garza
- BUILDing SCHOLARS Center, The University of Texas, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - William S. Bush
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Natasha Parikh
- Department of Psychological Science, Claremont McKenna College, Claremont, CA, United States
| | - Niti Nagar
- Department of Psychological Science, Claremont McKenna College, Claremont, CA, United States
| | - Shaun P. Vecera
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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Deng X, Yang C, Xu J, Liufu M, Li Z, Chen J. Bridging event-related potentials with behavioral studies in motor learning. Front Integr Neurosci 2023; 17:1161918. [PMID: 37168099 PMCID: PMC10164924 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2023.1161918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Behavioral approaches and electrophysiology in understanding human sensorimotor systems have both yielded substantial advancements in past decades. In fact, behavioral neuroscientists have found that motor learning involves the two distinct processes of the implicit and the explicit. Separately, they have also distinguished two kinds of errors that drive motor learning: sensory prediction error and task error. Scientists in electrophysiology, in addition, have discovered two motor-related, event-related potentials (ERPs): error-related negativity (ERN), and feedback-related negativity (FRN). However, there has been a lack of interchange between the two lines of research. This article, therefore, will survey through the literature in both directions, attempting to establish a bridge between these two fruitful lines of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Xueqian Deng,
| | - Chen Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyue Xu
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Mengzhan Liufu
- Institute for Mind and Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Zina Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Juan Chen,
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25
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Choi J, Ku B, Doan DNT, Park J, Cha W, Kim JU, Lee KH. Prefrontal EEG slowing, synchronization, and ERP peak latency in association with predementia stages of Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1131857. [PMID: 37032818 PMCID: PMC10076640 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1131857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early screening of elderly individuals who are at risk of dementia allows timely medical interventions to prevent disease progression. The portable and low-cost electroencephalography (EEG) technique has the potential to serve it. Objective We examined prefrontal EEG and event-related potential (ERP) variables in association with the predementia stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods One hundred elderly individuals were recruited from the GARD cohort. The participants were classified into four groups according to their amyloid beta deposition (A+ or A-) and neurodegeneration status (N+ or N-): cognitively normal (CN; A-N-, n = 27), asymptomatic AD (aAD; A + N-, n = 15), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with AD pathology (pAD; A+N+, n = 16), and MCI with non-AD pathology (MCI(-); A-N+, n = 42). Prefrontal resting-state eyes-closed EEG measurements were recorded for five minutes and auditory ERP measurements were recorded for 8 min. Three variables of median frequency (MDF), spectrum triangular index (STI), and positive-peak latency (PPL) were employed to reflect EEG slowing, temporal synchrony, and ERP latency, respectively. Results Decreasing prefrontal MDF and increasing PPL were observed in the MCI with AD pathology. Interestingly, after controlling for age, sex, and education, we found a significant negative association between MDF and the aAD and pAD stages with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.58. Similarly, PPL exhibited a significant positive association with these AD stages with an OR of 2.36. Additionally, compared with the MCI(-) group, significant negative associations were demonstrated by the aAD group with STI and those in the pAD group with MDF with ORs of 0.30 and 0.42, respectively. Conclusion Slow intrinsic EEG oscillation is associated with MCI due to AD, and a delayed ERP peak latency is likely associated with general cognitive impairment. MCI individuals without AD pathology exhibited better cortical temporal synchronization and faster EEG oscillations than those with aAD or pAD. Significance The EEG/ERP variables obtained from prefrontal EEG techniques are associated with early cognitive impairment due to AD and non-AD pathology. This result suggests that prefrontal EEG/ERP metrics may serve as useful indicators to screen elderly individuals' early stages on the AD continuum as well as overall cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungmi Choi
- Human Anti-Aging Standards Research Institute, Uiryeong-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Boncho Ku
- Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dieu Ni Thi Doan
- Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- School of Korean Convergence Medical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Junwoo Park
- Gwangju Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonseok Cha
- Human Anti-Aging Standards Research Institute, Uiryeong-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeuk U. Kim
- Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- School of Korean Convergence Medical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Jaeuk U. Kim,
| | - Kun Ho Lee
- Gwangju Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Dementia Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Kun Ho Lee,
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Mikić Ljubi J, Matkovič A, Bon J, Kanjuo Mrčela A. The effects of grammatical gender on the processing of occupational role names in Slovene: An event-related potential study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1010708. [PMID: 36600722 PMCID: PMC9807137 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1010708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The event-related potential method has proven to be a useful tool for studying the effects of gender information in language. Studies have shown that mismatch between the antecedent and the following referent triggers two ERP components, N400 and P600. In the present study, we investigated how grammatical gender affects the mental representation of the grammatical subject. A match-mismatch paradigm was used to investigate how masculine grammatical gender and gender-balanced forms (the explicit mention of masculine and feminine forms as word pairs) as role nouns affect the processing of the referent in Slovenian. The morphological complexity of Slovenian language required the use of anaphoric verbs instead of nouns/pronouns, on which previous research was based. The results showed that following both the gender-balanced and the masculine generic forms, P600 (but not N400) was observed in response to the feminine verb but not to the masculine verb. The P600 amplitude was smaller in the case of the gender-balanced form than in the case of the masculine generic form only. We have concluded that gender-balanced forms are more open to feminine continuations than masculine generic forms. This is the first ERP study in Slovenian to address the effects of processing grammatical gender, thus contributing to existing research on languages with grammatical gender. The great strength of the study is that it is one of the first ERP studies to test the mental inclusivity of gender-balanced forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Mikić Ljubi
- Center for Organizational and Human Resources Research, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia,*Correspondence: Jasna Mikić Ljubi,
| | - Andraž Matkovič
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jurij Bon
- University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleksandra Kanjuo Mrčela
- Center for Organizational and Human Resources Research, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Fernández-Rodríguez Á, Darves-Bornoz A, Velasco-Álvarez F, Ron-Angevin R. Effect of Stimulus Size in a Visual ERP-Based BCI under RSVP. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:9505. [PMID: 36502205 PMCID: PMC9741214 DOI: 10.3390/s22239505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) is currently one of the most suitable paradigms for use with a visual brain-computer interface based on event-related potentials (ERP-BCI) by patients with a lack of ocular motility. However, gaze-independent paradigms have not been studied as closely as gaze-dependent ones, and variables such as the sizes of the stimuli presented have not yet been explored under RSVP. Hence, the aim of the present work is to assess whether stimulus size has an impact on ERP-BCI performance under the RSVP paradigm. Twelve participants tested the ERP-BCI under RSVP using three different stimulus sizes: small (0.1 × 0.1 cm), medium (1.9 × 1.8 cm), and large (20.05 × 19.9 cm) at 60 cm. The results showed significant differences in accuracy between the conditions; the larger the stimulus, the better the accuracy obtained. It was also shown that these differences were not due to incorrect perception of the stimuli since there was no effect from the size in a perceptual discrimination task. The present work therefore shows that stimulus size has an impact on the performance of an ERP-BCI under RSVP. This finding should be considered by future ERP-BCI proposals aimed at users who need gaze-independent systems.
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28
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Railo H, Varjonen A, Lehtonen M, Sikka P. Event-Related Potential Correlates of Learning to Produce Novel Foreign Phonemes. Neurobiol Lang (Camb) 2022; 3:599-614. [PMID: 37215343 PMCID: PMC10158638 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Learning to pronounce a foreign phoneme requires an individual to acquire a motor program that enables the reproduction of the new acoustic target sound. This process is largely based on the use of auditory feedback to detect pronunciation errors to adjust vocalization. While early auditory evoked neural activity underlies automatic detection and adaptation to vocalization errors, little is known about the neural correlates of acquiring novel speech targets. To investigate the neural processes that mediate the learning of foreign phoneme pronunciation, we recorded event-related potentials when participants (N = 19) pronounced native or foreign phonemes. Behavioral results indicated that the participants' pronunciation of the foreign phoneme improved during the experiment. Early auditory responses (N1 and P2 waves, approximately 85-290 ms after the sound onset) revealed no differences between foreign and native phonemes. In contrast, the amplitude of the frontocentrally distributed late slow wave (LSW, 320-440 ms) was modulated by the pronunciation of the foreign phonemes, and the effect changed during the experiment, paralleling the improvement in pronunciation. These results suggest that the LSW may reflect higher-order monitoring processes that signal successful pronunciation and help learn novel phonemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Railo
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Brain and Mind Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anni Varjonen
- Turku Brain and Mind Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Minna Lehtonen
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Brain and Mind Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Center for Multilingualism in Society across the Lifespan, Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pilleriin Sikka
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Brain and Mind Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Philosophy, School of Bioscience, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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29
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Yan W, Wu Y. A time-frequency denoising method for single-channel event-related EEG. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:991136. [PMID: 36507356 PMCID: PMC9732370 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.991136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Electroencephalogram (EEG) acquisition is easily affected by various noises, including those from electrocardiogram (ECG), electrooculogram (EOG), and electromyogram (EMG). Because noise interference can significantly limit the study and analysis of brain signals, there is a significant need for the development of improved methods to remove this interference for more accurate measurement of EEG signals. Methods Based on the non-linear and non-stationary characteristics of brain signals, a strategy was developed to denoise brain signals using a time-frequency denoising algorithm framework of short-time Fourier transform (STFT), bidimensional empirical mode decomposition (BEMD), and non-local means (NLM). Time-frequency analysis can reveal the signal frequency component and its evolution process, allowing the elimination of noise according to the signal and noise distribution. BEMD can be used to decompose the time-frequency signals into sub-time-frequency signals for noise removal at different scales. NLM relies on structural self-similarity to locally smooth an image to remove noise and restore its main geometric structure, making this method appropriate for time-frequency signal denoising. Results The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively suppress the high-frequency components of brain signals, resulting in a smoother brain signal waveform after denoising. The correlation coefficient of the reference signal, a superposition average of multiple trial signals, and the original single trial signal was determined, and then correlation coefficients were calculated between the reference signal and single trial signals processed by time-frequency denoising, ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD)-independent component analysis (ICA), EEMD-canonical correlation analysis (CCA), and wavelet threshold denoising methods. The correlation coefficient was highest for the signal processed by the time-frequency denoising method and the reference signal, indicating that the single trial signal after time-frequency denoising was most similar to the waveform of the reference signal and suggesting this is a feasible strategy to effectively reduce noise and more accurately determine signals. Discussion The proposed time-frequency denoising method exhibits excellent performance with promising potential for practical application.
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Wu L, Chen Y, Liu X, Fang P, Feng T, Sun K, Ren L, Liang W, Lu H, Lin X, Li Y, Wang L, Li C, Zhang T, Ni C, Wu S. The influence of job burnout on the attention ability of army soldiers and officers: Evidence from ERP. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:992537. [PMID: 36419460 PMCID: PMC9676458 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.992537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Job burnout is one of the most widespread mental problems in today's society and seriously affects the mental health and combat effectiveness of soldiers and officers. Herein, the effect of burnout on individual attention is studied from the perspective of neuroelectrophysiology. A total of 1,155 army soldiers and officers were included in this investigation and completed the Job Burnout Scale for Military Personnel. A total of 42 soldiers and officers were randomly selected from those with and without burnout to participate in an event-related potential (ERP) study using a visual oddball task. The characteristics of visual P3a and P3b at Fz, FCz, Cz, CPz, and Pz were recorded and analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). P < 0.05 was the criterion for a significant difference. The total average score on the Job Burnout Scale for Military Personnel among the participants was 0.74 ± 0.46, and the detection rate of job burnout was 29.85%. In the Oddball task, the average number of target stimuli counted in the burnout group was lower than that in the control group, but no significant difference was found. For P3a, the Fz, FCz, Cz, CPz, and Pz amplitudes in the burnout group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The average amplitude of P3a evoked in the central parietal area was larger than that in the prefrontal area. For P3b, the amplitudes of the five electrodes in the burnout group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The average amplitude of P3b evoked in the parietal region was larger than those in the prefrontal and central parietal regions. A certain degree of job burnout is evident in army soldiers and officers. The voluntary attention and involuntary attention of individuals with burnout are both affected to some extent, as reflected by the lower amplitudes of P3a and P3b. The results suggest that P3a and P3b can be used as indicators to monitor cognitive neural function in soldiers and officers with burnout and can also be used as references for evaluating the effects of cognitive training and screening methods. In this study, ERP was used to research the attention ability of soldiers and officers with job burnout, and related issues were discussed from the aspects of the burnout results, behavioral results, ERP results, compensation effect of cognitive resources, application in the military field, limitations, and prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanfeng Chen
- Nursing School, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xufeng Liu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Peng Fang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Tingwei Feng
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kewei Sun
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lei Ren
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Huijie Lu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinxin Lin
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yijun Li
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chunping Ni
- Nursing School, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shengjun Wu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Kat R, Kas MJH. Largely unaffected auditory and visual sensory processing phenotypes in the evoked potentials of Fmr1 KO2 mice. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:5260-5273. [PMID: 36017614 PMCID: PMC9826194 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Sensory sensitivity symptoms are common in autism spectrum disorders and fragile X syndrome. Mainly in the auditory modality, disturbed processing has been found in both fragile X patients and the corresponding genetic mouse model, the Fmr1 knockout mouse. Here, we tried to replicate the auditory deficits and assess whether also visual processing is affected, using electroencephalography readouts under freely behaving conditions in the second-generation Fmr1 knockout mice. No differences between wild-type and knockout animals were found in single auditory and visual evoked potentials in response to pure sine tones and full-field light flashes. Visual sensory gating was enhanced in the early but not the late components of the evoked potentials, but no changes were found in auditory sensory gating. The higher harmonics of the synchronisation response to flickering visual stimuli seemed to be reduced with 10, but not 20 or 40 Hz, stimulation. However, this effect was not reproduced in an independent second cohort of animals. No synchronisation differences were found in response to a chirp stimulus, of which the frequency steadily increased. Taken together, this study could not reproduce earlier reported increased amplitudes in auditory responses, nor could it convincingly show that synchronisation deficits found to be present in the auditory modality also existed in the visual modality. The discrepancies within this study as well as between various studies assessing sensory processing in the Fmr1 KO raise questions about the external validity of these phenotypes and warrant careful interpretation of these phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Kat
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Martien J. H. Kas
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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Hill SY, Wellman JL, Zezza N, Steinhauer SR, Sharma V, Holmes B. Epigenetic Effects in HPA Axis Genes Associated with Cortical Thickness, ERP Components and SUD Outcome. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:347. [PMID: 36285916 PMCID: PMC9598712 DOI: 10.3390/bs12100347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Association between familial loading for alcohol use disorders (AUD) and event-related potentials (ERPs) suggests a genetic basis for these oscillations though much less is known about epigenetic pathways influenced by environmental variation. Early life adversity (ELA) influences negative outcomes much later in life. The stress-activated neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) contributes to the deleterious effects of ELA on brain structure and function in animals. Accordingly, we hypothesized that ELA would be related to cortical thickness and electrophysiological characteristics through an epigenetic effect on CRH receptor type-1 (CRHR1) methylation. A total of 217 adolescent and young adult participants from either multiplex alcohol dependence or control families were scanned using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3T and cortical thickness was determined. Longitudinal follow-up across childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood provided developmental ERP data and measures of adversity. Blood samples for genetic and epigenetic analyses were obtained in childhood. Cortical thickness and visual ERP components were analyzed for their association and tested for familial risk group differences. Visual P300 amplitude at Pz and cortical thickness of the left lateral orbitofrontal region (LOFC), were significantly related to risk group status. LOFC cortical thickness showed a negative correlation with CRHR1 methylation status and with childhood total stress scores from the Life Stressors and Social Resources Inventory (LISRES). Stress scores were also significantly related to P300 amplitude recorded in childhood. The present results suggest that early life adversity reflected in greater total LISRES stress scores in childhood can impact the methylation of the CRHR1 gene with implications for brain development as seen in cortical thickness and electrophysiological signals emanating from particular brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Y. Hill
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O’Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jeannette L. Wellman
- Department of Psychiatry and Magee Women’s Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Nicholas Zezza
- Department of Psychiatry and Shadyside Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Vinod Sharma
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O’Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Brian Holmes
- UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
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Zhang G, Li M, Li J, Tan M, Li H, Zhong Y. Green Product Types Modulate Green Consumption in the Gain and Loss Framings: An Event-Related Potential Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph191710746. [PMID: 36078460 PMCID: PMC9517842 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
People show a separation of intention and behavior in green consumption, and promoting actual green purchase behavior is more important than purchase intention. This study adopted a conflicting environmental decision paradigm to investigate behavioral and neural processes during actual green consumption decision-making involving different types of green products and message framing, according to construal level theory. Participants were instructed to make green consumption decisions involving green products with different psychological distances (self-interested green products vs. other-interested green products) under gain (e.g., buying green products brings positive results) or loss framing (e.g., not buying green products brings negative effects) while electroencephalograms were recorded. The behavioral results demonstrated that participants tended to purchase green products under loss framing more than under gain framing. The event-related potential results showed that under gain framing, decision-making for self-interested green products was associated with larger P3 than decision-making for other-interested green products. While under loss framing, decision-making for other-interested green products has a larger P260 than for self-interested green products. These findings suggest that under gain framing, self-interested green products elicit more cognitive resources than other-interested green products, while under loss framing, other-interested green products elicit stronger negative emotions than self-interested green products. The research has managerial implications for promoting consumers' actual purchase behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanfei Zhang
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Min Tan
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Huie Li
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yiping Zhong
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha 410081, China
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Billings CJ, Madsen BM, Grush LD, Koerner TK, Mcmillan GP, Bologna WJ. Oddball paradigm complexity in multi-token auditory evoked potentials. Neurosci Lett 2022;:136856. [PMID: 36029915 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
We developed and tested a series of novel and increasingly complex multi-token electrophysiology paradigms for evoking the auditory P3 response. The primary goal was to evaluate the degree to which more complex discrimination tasks and listening environments - which are more likely to engage the types of neural processing used in real-world speech-in-noise situations - could still evoke a robust P3 response. If so, this opens the possibility of such a paradigm making up part of the toolkit for a brain-behavioral approach to improve understanding of speech processing. Fourteen normal-hearing adults were tested using four different auditory paradigms consisting of 5 tokens, 20 tokens, 160 tokens, or 160 tokens with background babble. Stimuli were naturally produced consonant-vowel tokens varying in consonant (/d/, /b/, /g/, /v/, and /ð/; all conditions), vowel (/ɑ/, /u/, /i/, and /ɜr/; 20- and 160-token conditions), and talker (4 female, 4 male; 160-token conditions only). All four conditions evoked robust neural responses, and all peaks had visible differences across conditions. However, the more exogenous auditory evoked potentials (N1 and P2) were primarily affected not by overall complexity but by the presence of background noise specifically, the presence of which was associated with longer latencies and smaller amplitudes. The more endogenous P3 peak, as well as the paradigm behavioral measures, revealed a more graded effect of overall paradigm complexity, rather than the background noise dominating the other factors. Our conclusion was that all four complex auditory paradigms, including the most complex (160 distinct consonant-vowel tokens presented in background babble), are viable means of stimulating N1-P2 and N2b-P3 auditory evoked responses and may therefore be useful in brain-behavioral approaches to understanding speech perception in noise.
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Borirakarawin M, Punsawad Y. Event-Related Potential-Based Brain-Computer Interface Using the Thai Vowels' and Numerals' Auditory Stimulus Pattern. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:5864. [PMID: 35957419 PMCID: PMC9371073 DOI: 10.3390/s22155864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we developed an auditory stimulus pattern for an event-related potential (ERP)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) system to improve control and communication in quadriplegia with visual impairment. Auditory stimulus paradigms for multicommand electroencephalogram (EEG)-based BCIs and audio stimulus patterns were examined. With the proposed auditory stimulation, using the selected Thai vowel, similar to the English vowel, and Thai numeral sounds, as simple target recognition, we explored the ERPs' response and classification efficiency from the suggested EEG channels. We also investigated the use of single and multi-loudspeakers for auditory stimuli. Four commands were created using the proposed paradigm. The experimental paradigm was designed to observe ERP responses and verify the proposed auditory stimulus pattern. The conventional classification method produced four commands using the proposed auditory stimulus pattern. The results established that the proposed auditory stimulation with 20 to 30 trials of stream stimuli could produce a prominent ERP response from Pz channels. The vowel stimuli could achieve higher accuracy than the proposed numeral stimuli for two auditory stimuli intervals (100 and 250 ms). Additionally, multi-loudspeaker patterns through vowel and numeral sound stimulation provided an accuracy greater than 85% of the average accuracy. Thus, the proposed auditory stimulation patterns can be implemented as a real-time BCI system to aid in the daily activities of quadratic patients with visual and tactile impairments. In future, practical use of the auditory ERP-based BCI system will be demonstrated and verified in an actual scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yunyong Punsawad
- School of Informatics, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Informatics Innovative Center of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
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Bidelman GM, Chow R, Noly-Gandon A, Ryan JD, Bell KL, Rizzi R, Alain C. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined With Listening to Preferred Music Alters Cortical Speech Processing in Older Adults. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:884130. [PMID: 35873829 PMCID: PMC9298650 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.884130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can improve cognitive performance in older adults. Similarly, music listening may improve arousal and stimulate subsequent performance on memory-related tasks. We examined the synergistic effects of tDCS paired with music listening on auditory neurobehavioral measures to investigate causal evidence of short-term plasticity in speech processing among older adults. In a randomized sham-controlled crossover study, we measured how combined anodal tDCS over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) paired with listening to autobiographically salient music alters neural speech processing in older adults compared to either music listening (sham stimulation) or tDCS alone. EEG assays included both frequency-following responses (FFRs) and auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) to trace neuromodulation-related changes at brainstem and cortical levels. Relative to music without tDCS (sham), we found tDCS alone (without music) modulates the early cortical neural encoding of speech in the time frame of ∼100-150 ms. Whereas tDCS by itself appeared to largely produce suppressive effects (i.e., reducing ERP amplitude), concurrent music with tDCS restored responses to those of the music+sham levels. However, the interpretation of this effect is somewhat ambiguous as this neural modulation could be attributable to a true effect of tDCS or presence/absence music. Still, the combined benefit of tDCS+music (above tDCS alone) was correlated with listeners' education level suggesting the benefit of neurostimulation paired with music might depend on listener demographics. tDCS changes in speech-FFRs were not observed with DLPFC stimulation. Improvements in working memory pre to post session were also associated with better speech-in-noise listening skills. Our findings provide new causal evidence that combined tDCS+music relative to tDCS-alone (i) modulates the early (100-150 ms) cortical encoding of speech and (ii) improves working memory, a cognitive skill which may indirectly bolster noise-degraded speech perception in older listeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin M. Bidelman
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States,School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States,*Correspondence: Gavin M. Bidelman,
| | - Ricky Chow
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Jennifer D. Ryan
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Karen L. Bell
- Department of Audiology, San José State University, San Jose, CA, United States
| | - Rose Rizzi
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States,School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Claude Alain
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Music and Health Science Research Collaboratory, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Marusic U, Peskar M, De Pauw K, Omejc N, Drevensek G, Rojc B, Pisot R, Kavcic V. Neural Bases of Age-Related Sensorimotor Slowing in the Upper and Lower Limbs. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:819576. [PMID: 35601618 PMCID: PMC9119024 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.819576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With advanced age, there is a loss of reaction speed that may contribute to an increased risk of tripping and falling. Avoiding falls and injuries requires awareness of the threat, followed by selection and execution of the appropriate motor response. Using event-related potentials (ERPs) and a simple visual reaction task (RT), the goal of our study was to distinguish sensory and motor processing in the upper- and lower-limbs while attempting to uncover the main cause of age-related behavioral slowing. Strength (amplitudes) as well as timing and speed (latencies) of various stages of stimulus- and motor-related processing were analyzed in 48 healthy individuals (young adults, n = 24, mean age = 34 years; older adults, n = 24, mean age = 67 years). The behavioral results showed a significant age-related slowing, where the younger compared to older adults exhibited shorter RTs for the upper- (222 vs. 255 ms; p = 0.006, respectively) and the lower limb (257 vs. 274 ms; p = 0.048, respectively) as well as lower variability in both modalities (p = 0.001). Using ERP indices, age-related slowing of visual stimulus processing was characterized by overall larger amplitudes with delayed latencies of endogenous potentials in older compared with younger adults. While no differences were found in the P1 component, the later components of recorded potentials for visual stimuli processing were most affected by age. This was characterized by increased N1 and P2 amplitudes and delayed P2 latencies in both upper and lower extremities. The analysis of motor-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) revealed stronger MRCP amplitude for upper- and a non-significant trend for lower limbs in older adults. The MRCP amplitude was smaller and peaked closer to the actual motor response for the upper- than for the lower limb in both age groups. There were longer MRCP onset latencies for lower- compared to upper-limb in younger adults, and a non-significant trend was seen in older adults. Multiple regression analyses showed that the onset of the MRCP peak consistently predicted reaction time across both age groups and limbs tested. However, MRCP rise time and P2 latency were also significant predictors of simple reaction time, but only in older adults and only for the upper limbs. Our study suggests that motor cortical processes contribute most strongly to the slowing of simple reaction time in advanced age. However, late-stage cortical processing related to sensory stimuli also appears to play a role in upper limb responses in the elderly. This process most likely reflects less efficient recruitment of neuronal resources required for the upper and lower extremity response task in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uros Marusic
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
- Department of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea – ECM, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Manca Peskar
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
- Biological Psychology and Neuroergonomics, Department of Psychology and Ergonomics, Faculty V: Mechanical Engineering and Transport Systems, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kevin De Pauw
- Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Brussels Human Robotics Research Center (BruBotics), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nina Omejc
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gorazd Drevensek
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bojan Rojc
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
- Department of Neurology, Izola General Hospital, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Rado Pisot
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Voyko Kavcic
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
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Lee KT, Wang WL, Lin WC, Yang YC, Tsai CL. The Effects of a Magic Intervention Program on Cognitive Function and Neurocognitive Performance in Elderly Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:854984. [PMID: 35493940 PMCID: PMC9045409 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.854984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cognitive training is one of the management options for elderly individuals who suffer from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and an effective way to improve executive function. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a magic intervention program as a method of cognitive training in improving cognitive function and neurocognitive performance in this group. Methods Twenty-four participants aged 60-80 years with MCI were recruited and randomly assigned to a magic intervention group or a control group. The magic intervention group received a 6-week magic intervention program. The primary endpoints were the scores for the cognitive assessment tests [e.g., Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)] for general cognitive function. The secondary endpoints were the behavioral [e.g., accuracy and reaction times] and the electroencephalographic [e.g., event-related potential (ERP) P3 amplitudes] performance during the Flanker task to assess attention and inhibitory control. All variables were measured before and after the magic intervention. Results The results showed that the 6-week magic intervention significantly improved the MoCA scores in the cognitive assessment tests although no significant pre-post intervention difference was observed in the MMSE scores. In terms of neurocognitive performance, the magic intervention had significantly positive effects on the accuracy, reaction times, and P3 amplitudes when performing the Flanker task. Conclusion The results of the present study showed that the 6-week magic intervention had beneficial effects on the cognitive and electrophysiological performance in the elderly subjects with MCI. For such a group, lifestyle intervention programs that encourage participation such as the magic practice and performance may be a viable suggestion to prevent the progression of MCI to Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ting Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Li Wang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chin Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Tsai
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
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Zhang Y, Xie M, Wang Y, Qin P. Distinct Effects of Stimulus Repetition on Various Temporal Stages of Subject's Own Name Processing. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12030411. [PMID: 35326367 PMCID: PMC8946540 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12030411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The self is one of the most important concepts in psychology, which is of great significance for human survival and development. As an important self-related stimulus, the subject’s own name (SON) shows great advantages in cognitive and social processing and is widely used as an oddball stimulus in previous studies. However, it remained unknown whether the multiple repetition of stimulus would have similar influence on the neural response to SON and the other names under equal probability. In this study, adopting EEG and an equal–probability paradigm, we first detected the SON-related ERP components which could differentiate SON from other names, and then investigated how these components are influenced by repeated exposure of the stimulus. Our results showed that SON evoked an earlier SON-related negativity (SRN) at the fronto-central region and a late positive potential (LPP) at the centro-parietal region. More intriguingly, the earlier SRN demonstrated reduction after multiple repetitions, whereas LPP did not exhibit significant changes. In conclusion, these findings revealed that multiple repetitions of the stimulus might influence the various temporal stages in SON-related processing and highlighted the robustness of the late stage in this processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (Y.Z.); (M.X.)
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Musi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (Y.Z.); (M.X.)
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yuzhi Wang
- Department of Western Medicine Surgery, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China;
| | - Pengmin Qin
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (Y.Z.); (M.X.)
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou 510335, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18665097531
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40
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Deng N, Sun Y, Chen X, Li W. How does self name influence the neural processing of emotional prosody? An ERP study. Psych J 2021; 11:30-42. [PMID: 34856651 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether self-relevant information can accelerate the processing of emotional information. Our experiment, based on a passive auditory oddball paradigm, involved recording electroencephalography while participants listened to stimuli comprising their own names (ONs) and unfamiliar names (UNs) spoken with varying emotional prosody. At 220-300 ms, mismatch negativity (MMN) was more negative for ONs and angry prosody than for UNs and neutral prosody, respectively. These results suggest that attention is involuntarily attracted by ONs and emotional prosody, and that both types of information are given priority processing, even under pre-attentive conditions. Importantly, ONs with angry prosody induced more negative MMN than did similar UNs and ONs with neutral prosody, which indicates that the motivational significance embedded in angry prosody promotes the self-reference effect and, thus, involves more attention resources. At 300-500 ms, ONs triggered smaller P3a than did UNs, suggesting that less cognitive resources are required to process self-relevant information. These results suggest that self-relevant and emotional information of preferential processing interact with each other during the pre-attentive stage, with self-reference enhancing the processing of emotional information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nali Deng
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Dalian, China
| | - Yifan Sun
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Dalian, China
| | - Xuhai Chen
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weijun Li
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Dalian, China
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Nakajima S, Higuchi Y, Tateno T, Sasabayashi D, Mizukami Y, Nishiyama S, Takahashi T, Suzuki M. Duration Mismatch Negativity Predicts Remission in First-Episode Schizophrenia Patients. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:777378. [PMID: 34899430 PMCID: PMC8656455 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.777378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Remission in schizophrenia patients is associated with neurocognitive, social, and role functioning during both the early and chronic stages of schizophrenia. It is well-established that the amplitudes of duration mismatch negativity (dMMN) and frequency MMN (fMMN) are reduced in schizophrenia patients. However, the potential link between MMN and remission has not been established. In this study, we investigated the relationship between MMNs and remission in first-episode schizophrenia (FES) and their association with neurocognitive and social functioning. Method: dMMN and fMMN were measured in 30 patients with FES and 22 healthy controls at baseline and after a mean of 3 years. Clinical symptoms and cognitive and social functioning in the patients were assessed at the time of MMN measurements by using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), modified Global Assessment of Functioning (mGAF), Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS), and the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS). Remission of the patients was defined using the criteria by the Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group; of the 30 patients with FES, 14 achieved remission and 16 did not. Results: Baseline dMMN amplitude was reduced in FES compared to healthy controls. Further, baseline dMMN in the non-remitters had decreased amplitude and prolonged latency compared to the remitters. MMN did not change during follow-up period regardless of parameters, diagnosis, or remission status. Baseline dMMN amplitude in FES was correlated with future SCoRS and PANSS total scores. Logistic regression analysis revealed that dMMN amplitude at baseline was a significant predictor of remission. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that dMMN amplitude may be a useful biomarker for predicting symptomatic remission and improvement of cognitive and social functions in FES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Nakajima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuko Higuchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tateno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Daiki Sasabayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuko Mizukami
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shimako Nishiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Health Administration Center, Faculty of Education and Research Promotion, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Yang S, Zhang X, Jiang M. Bilingual Brains Learn to Use L2 Alliterations Covertly like Poets: Brain ERP Evidence. Front Psychol 2021; 12:691846. [PMID: 34621210 PMCID: PMC8491624 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.691846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bilinguals were documented to access their native or first language (L1) during comprehension of their second languages (L2). However, it is uncertain whether they can access L2 when reading their first language. This study used the event-related potential (ERP) technique to demonstrate the implicit and unconscious access to English words when Chinese–English bilinguals read words in Chinese, their native language. The participants were asked to judge whether the Chinese words presented in pairs were semantically related or not, meanwhile unconscious of the occasional alliteration (repetition of the first phoneme) if the Chinese words were translated into English. While the concealed prime in English translations failed to affect the reaction time, the alliteration significantly modulated N400 among advanced English learners, especially for semantically unrelated word pairs. Critically, this modulation effect was discrepant between bilinguals with high-level and normal-level English proficiency. These results indicate that L2 activation is an unconscious correlate of native-language processing depending on L2 proficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqin Yang
- Center for Psychology and Cognitive Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghu Jiang
- Center for Psychology and Cognitive Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Yu M, Duan Q, Wu X, Luo S. Effect of uncertainty-dependent residential mobility on loss aversion. Psych J 2021; 10:777-793. [PMID: 34402207 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The current research aimed to examine the relationship between residential mobility and loss aversion, a ubiquitous decision-making bias conceptualized in prospect theory. Combining correlational, experimental, and electroencephalography approaches, we tested the hypothesis that residential mobility may increase loss aversion. The results revealed a positive correlation between residential mobility and loss aversion (Study 1). These effects were moderated by individuals' residential mobility/stability mindsets. Behaviorally, we observed a positive association between residential mobility history and loss aversion among individuals with a high (vs. low) subjective uncertainty after manipulating their residential mobility mindset by priming them with a mobile or stable lifestyle (Study 2). On the neural level, we found that the mindset of residential mobility (vs. stability) enhanced the differential feedback-related negativity (FRN) modulations between the large-win and large-loss conditions among Chinese participants with a high subjective uncertainty (Study 3). In conclusion, residential mobility elevated loss aversion by enhancing feelings of subjective uncertainty. Our findings provide novel insights into how changes in the socioecological environment shape individuals' decision-making bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Yu
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Olympic Secondary School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Duan
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoshu Wu
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyang Luo
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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44
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Zhou X, Xu M, Xiao X, Wang Y, Jung TP, Ming D. Detection of fixation points using a small visual landmark for brain-computer interfaces. J Neural Eng 2021; 18. [PMID: 34130268 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac0b51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective.The speed of visual brain-computer interfaces (v-BCIs) has been greatly improved in recent years. However, the traditional v-BCI paradigms require users to directly gaze at the intensive flickering items, which would cause severe problems such as visual fatigue and excessive visual resource consumption in practical applications. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a user-friendly v-BCI.Approach.According to the retina-cortical relationship, this study developed a novel BCI paradigm to detect the fixation point of eyes using a small visual stimulus that subtended only 0.6° in visual angle and was out of the central visual field. Specifically, the visual stimulus was treated as a landmark to judge the eccentricity and polar angle of the fixation point. Sixteen different fixation points were selected around the visual landmark, i.e. different combinations of two eccentricities (2° and 4°) and eight polar angles (0,π4,π2,3π4,π,5π4,3π2and7π4). Twelve subjects participated in this study, and they were asked to gaze at one out of the 16 points for each trial. A multi-class discriminative canonical pattern matching (Multi-DCPM) algorithm was proposed to decode the user's fixation point.Main results.We found the visual stimulation landmark elicited different spatial event-related potential patterns for different fixation points. Multi-DCPM could achieve an average accuracy of 66.2% with a standard deviation of 15.8% for the classification of the sixteen fixation points, which was significantly higher than traditional algorithms (p⩽0.001). Experimental results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of using a small visual stimulus as a landmark to track the relative position of the fixation point.Significance.The proposed new paradigm provides a potential approach to alleviate the problem of irritating stimuli in v-BCIs, which can broaden the applications of BCIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhou
- The Laboratory of Neural Engineering & Rehabilitation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Minpeng Xu
- The Laboratory of Neural Engineering & Rehabilitation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,The Tianjin International Joint Research Center for Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Xiao
- The Laboratory of Neural Engineering & Rehabilitation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,The Tianjin International Joint Research Center for Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijun Wang
- The State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tzyy-Ping Jung
- The Laboratory of Neural Engineering & Rehabilitation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,The Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Dong Ming
- The Laboratory of Neural Engineering & Rehabilitation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,The Tianjin International Joint Research Center for Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Li J, Liu L, Sun Y, Fan W, Li M, Zhong Y. Exposure to money modulates neural responses to outcome evaluations involving social reward. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 15:111-121. [PMID: 32064532 PMCID: PMC7171377 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests that exposure to monetary cues strengthens an individual's motivation to pursue monetary rewards by inducing the 'market mode' (i.e. thinking and behaving in accordance with market principles). Here, we examined the effect of market mode on social reward processes by means of event-related potentials (ERPs). Participants primed with monetary images or neutral images acted as advisors who selected one of two options for a putative advisee. Subsequently, all participants passively observed the advisee accepting or rejecting their advice and receiving a gain or loss outcome. After money priming, the feedback-related negativity (FRN) to the advisee's gain/loss outcome was larger following incorrect as compared to correct advice irrespective of whether the advice had been accepted or rejected. A smaller P3 following incorrect advice showed only when the advice was rejected. After neutral priming, the FRN was larger for incorrect relative to correct advice only when the advice had been rejected. However, the P3 was larger for correct relative to incorrect advice irrespective of the advisee's final choice. These findings suggest that the market mode facilitates early and automatic feedback processing but reduces later and controlled responding to outcomes that had been accepted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Yiping Zhong
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
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Bauer EA, MacNamara A. Comorbid anxiety and depression: Opposing effects on the electrocortical processing of negative imagery in a focal fear sample. Depress Anxiety 2021; 38:10.1002/da.23160. [PMID: 33909324 PMCID: PMC8640943 DOI: 10.1002/da.23160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety and depression are highly comorbid and share clinical characteristics, such as high levels of negative emotion. Attention toward negative stimuli in anxiety and depression has been studied primarily using negative pictures. Yet, negative mental imagery-that is, mental representations of imagined negative events or stimuli-might more closely mirror patient experience. METHODS The current study presents the first examination of neural response to negative imagery in 57 adults (39 female) who all shared a common "focal fear" diagnosis (i.e., specific phobia or performance-only social anxiety disorder), but varied in levels of comorbid anxiety and depression. After listening to standardized descriptions of negative and neutral scenes, participants imagined these scenes as vividly as possible. Associations between categorical and continuous measures of depression, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and social anxiety disorder with electrocortical and subjective responses to negative imagery were assessed. RESULTS Individuals who were more depressed showed reduced electrocortical processing of negative imagery, whereas those with GAD showed increased electrocortical processing of negative imagery-but only when controlling for depression. Furthermore, participants with higher levels of depression rated negative imagery as less negative and those with greater social anxiety symptoms rated negative imagery more negatively. CONCLUSIONS Depression and GAD are characterized by opposing electrocortical response to negative imagery; moreover, depression may suppress GAD-related increases in the electrocortical processing of negative imagery. Results highlight distinctions between different dimensions of distress-based psychopathology, and reveal the unique and complex contribution of comorbid depression to affective response in anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Bauer
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Annmarie MacNamara
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Wang R, He X, Zeng B. Visual Benefit in Lexical Tone Perception in Mandarin: An Event-related Potential Study. Neuroscience 2021; 466:196-204. [PMID: 33887386 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Congruent visual information enhances auditory speech perception. This visual benefit has been widely observed in perception of consonants and vowels, and linked to reduced amplitudes and latencies of auditory N1 and P2 event-related potential (ERP) components when visual information was present. However, it remains unclear whether lexical tone perception in Mandarin also shows this visual benefit. This question is theoretically important given the low visual saliency of lexical tones. The current study compared the N1/P2 reduction in Mandarin lexical tones and consonants perception with a discrimination task. Result showed amplitude reductions in N1/P2 and a latency reduction in N1 for audiovisual lexical tone perception. These findings suggest that lexical tone perception was also helped by visual information as found in consonants. Furthermore, this visual benefit in N1 for lexical tone perception was delayed relative to consonants.
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Cnudde K, van Hees S, Brown S, van der Wijk G, Pexman PM, Protzner AB. Increased Neural Efficiency in Visual Word Recognition: Evidence from Alterations in Event-Related Potentials and Multiscale Entropy. Entropy (Basel) 2021; 23:304. [PMID: 33806539 PMCID: PMC8002031 DOI: 10.3390/e23030304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Visual word recognition is a relatively effortless process, but recent research suggests the system involved is malleable, with evidence of increases in behavioural efficiency after prolonged lexical decision task (LDT) performance. However, the extent of neural changes has yet to be characterized in this context. The neural changes that occur could be related to a shift from initially effortful performance that is supported by control-related processing, to efficient task performance that is supported by domain-specific processing. To investigate this, we replicated the British Lexicon Project, and had participants complete 16 h of LDT over several days. We recorded electroencephalography (EEG) at three intervals to track neural change during LDT performance and assessed event-related potentials and brain signal complexity. We found that response times decreased during LDT performance, and there was evidence of neural change through N170, P200, N400, and late positive component (LPC) amplitudes across the EEG sessions, which suggested a shift from control-related to domain-specific processing. We also found widespread complexity decreases alongside localized increases, suggesting that processing became more efficient with specific increases in processing flexibility. Together, these findings suggest that neural processing becomes more efficient and optimized to support prolonged LDT performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Cnudde
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (S.v.H.); (S.B.); (G.v.d.W.); (P.M.P.); (A.B.P.)
| | - Sophia van Hees
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (S.v.H.); (S.B.); (G.v.d.W.); (P.M.P.); (A.B.P.)
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Sage Brown
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (S.v.H.); (S.B.); (G.v.d.W.); (P.M.P.); (A.B.P.)
| | - Gwen van der Wijk
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (S.v.H.); (S.B.); (G.v.d.W.); (P.M.P.); (A.B.P.)
| | - Penny M. Pexman
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (S.v.H.); (S.B.); (G.v.d.W.); (P.M.P.); (A.B.P.)
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Andrea B. Protzner
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (S.v.H.); (S.B.); (G.v.d.W.); (P.M.P.); (A.B.P.)
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
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49
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Sorati M, Behne DM. Considerations in Audio-Visual Interaction Models: An ERP Study of Music Perception by Musicians and Non-musicians. Front Psychol 2021; 11:594434. [PMID: 33551911 PMCID: PMC7854916 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.594434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research with speech and non-speech stimuli suggested that in audiovisual perception, visual information starting prior to the onset of corresponding sound can provide visual cues, and form a prediction about the upcoming auditory sound. This prediction leads to audiovisual (AV) interaction. Auditory and visual perception interact and induce suppression and speeding up of the early auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) such as N1 and P2. To investigate AV interaction, previous research examined N1 and P2 amplitudes and latencies in response to audio only (AO), video only (VO), audiovisual, and control (CO) stimuli, and compared AV with auditory perception based on four AV interaction models (AV vs. AO+VO, AV-VO vs. AO, AV-VO vs. AO-CO, AV vs. AO). The current study addresses how different models of AV interaction express N1 and P2 suppression in music perception. Furthermore, the current study took one step further and examined whether previous musical experience, which can potentially lead to higher N1 and P2 amplitudes in auditory perception, influenced AV interaction in different models. Musicians and non-musicians were presented the recordings (AO, AV, VO) of a keyboard /C4/ key being played, as well as CO stimuli. Results showed that AV interaction models differ in their expression of N1 and P2 amplitude and latency suppression. The calculation of model (AV-VO vs. AO) and (AV-VO vs. AO-CO) has consequences for the resulting N1 and P2 difference waves. Furthermore, while musicians, compared to non-musicians, showed higher N1 amplitude in auditory perception, suppression of amplitudes and latencies for N1 and P2 was similar for the two groups across the AV models. Collectively, these results suggest that when visual cues from finger and hand movements predict the upcoming sound in AV music perception, suppression of early ERPs is similar for musicians and non-musicians. Notably, the calculation differences across models do not lead to the same pattern of results for N1 and P2, demonstrating that the four models are not interchangeable and are not directly comparable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Sorati
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Dawn M Behne
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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50
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Jia L, Cheng M, Sung B, Wang C, Wang J, Li F. Frontal Theta Oscillation as a Mechanism for Implicit Gender Stereotype Control: Electrophysiological Evidence From an Extrinsic Affective Simon Task. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 14:573187. [PMID: 33390916 PMCID: PMC7773647 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.573187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has indicated that frontal midline theta (FMθ) reflects a domain-general cognitive control mechanism of the prefrontal cortex. Brain imaging studies have shown that the inhibition of implicit stereotypes was dependent on this domain-general cognitive control mechanism. Based on this knowledge, the present study investigated the neural oscillatory correlates of implicit gender stereotype control in an extrinsic affective Simon task (EAST) using electrophysiological methods. Participants in this task conducted verification to white gender names and colored gender traits, and their behavioral response and electroencephalogram (EEG) were recorded during their performances. As predicted, stereotype-inconsistent trials resulted in reduced response accuracies and slower response times than stereotype-consistent trials. For the event-related potential (ERP) results, the enhanced performance of stereotype-inconsistent trials was accompanied by an enhanced N400 amplitude but an attenuated late positive potential amplitude. In contrast, early attentional components such as P2 and N2 as well as their amplitudes were impacted by the experimental manipulations and individual differences in gender factors. In addition, based on time–frequency (TF) analysis, we found that the enhanced performance of stereotype-inconsistent trials was also accompanied by an event-related synchronization on the frontal theta oscillation. This frontal theta appeared at a late processing stage and persisted across a time window from N400 to late positive potential. Additionally, this enhanced frontal theta effect was not modulated by the experimental manipulations and individual differences in gender factors. Based on these findings, the feature of frontal theta oscillation in the implicit gender stereotype control process was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jia
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Mengru Cheng
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Billy Sung
- School of Marketing, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Feiming Li
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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