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Włodarski M, Nowak MP, Putkonen M, Nyga P, Norek M. Surface Modification of ZnO Nanotubes by Ag and Au Coatings of Variable Thickness: Systematic Analysis of the Factors Leading to UV Light Emission Enhancement. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:1670-1682. [PMID: 38222608 PMCID: PMC10785295 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Surface modification by plasmonic metals is one of the most promising ways to increase the band-to-band excitonic recombination in zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures. However, the metal-induced modulation of the UV light emission depends strongly on the production method, making it difficult to recognize the mechanism responsible for charge/energy transfer between the semiconductor and a metal. Therefore, in this study, the ZnO/Ag and Au hybrids were produced by the same, fully controlled experimental approach. ZnO nanotubes (NTs), fabricated by a template-assisted ALD synthesis, were coated by metals of variable mass thickness (1-6.5 nm thick) using the electron beam PVD technique. The deposited Ag and Au metals grew in the form of island films made of metallic nanoparticles (NPs). The size of the NPs and their size distribution decreased, while the spacing between the NPs increased as the mass of the deposited Ag and Au metals decreased. Systematic optical analysis allowed us to unravel a specific role of surface defects in ZnO NTs in the processes occurring at the ZnO/metal interface. The enhancement of the UV emission was observed only in the ZnO/Ag system. The phenomena were tentatively ascribed to the coupling between the defect-related (DL) excitonic recombination in ZnO and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) at the Ag NPs. However, the enhancement of UV light was observed only for a narrow range of Ag NP dimensions, indicating the great importance of the size and internanoparticle spacing in the plasmonic coupling. Moreover, the enhancement factors were much stronger in ZnO NTs characterized by robust DL-related emission before metal deposition. In contrast to Ag, Au coatings caused quenching of the UV emission from ZnO NTs, which was attributed to the uncoupling between the DL and LSP energies in this system and a possible formation of the ohmic contact between the Au metal and the ZnO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksymilian Włodarski
- Institute
of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 2 Gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego Str., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał P. Nowak
- Institute
of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 2 Gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego Str., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Matti Putkonen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Piotr Nyga
- Institute
of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 2 Gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego Str., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Norek
- Institute
of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technologies
and Chemistry, Military University of Technology, 2 Gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego Str., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
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Tatmyshevskiy MK, Yakubovsky DI, Kapitanova OO, Solovey VR, Vyshnevyy AA, Ermolaev GA, Klishin YA, Mironov MS, Voronov AA, Arsenin AV, Volkov VS, Novikov SM. Hybrid Metal-Dielectric-Metal Sandwiches for SERS Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123205. [PMID: 34947554 PMCID: PMC8708964 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of efficient plasmonic nanostructures with controlled and reproducible surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) signals is an important task for the evolution of ultrasensitive sensor-related methods. One of the methods to improving the characteristics of nanostructures is the development of hybrid structures that include several types of materials. Here, we experimentally investigate ultrathin gold films (3–9 nm) near the percolation threshold on Si/Au/SiO2 and Si/Au/SiO2/graphene multilayer structures. The occurring field enhanced (FE) effects were characterized by a recording of SERS signal from Crystal Violet dye. In this geometry, the overall FE principally benefits from the combination of two mechanisms. The first one is associated with plasmon excitation in Au clusters located closest to each other. The second is due to the gap plasmons’ excitation in a thin dielectric layer between the mirror and corrugated gold layers. Experimentally obtained SERS signals from sandwiched structures fabricated with Au film of 100 nm as a reflector, dielectric SiO2 spacer of 50 nm and ultrathin gold atop could reach SERS enhancements of up to around seven times relative to gold films near the percolation threshold deposited on a standard glass substrate. The close contiguity of the analyte to graphene and nanostructured Au efficiently quenches the fluorescent background of the model compound. The obtained result shows that the strategy of combining ultrathin nano-island gold films near the percolation threshold with gap plasmon resonances is promising for the design of highly efficient SERS substrates for potential applications in ultrasensitive Raman detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail K. Tatmyshevskiy
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (O.O.K.); (V.R.S.); (A.A.V.); (G.A.E.); (Y.A.K.); (M.S.M.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.T.); (S.M.N.); Tel.: +7-9056137678 (M.K.T.); +7-9032360487 (S.M.N.)
| | - Dmitry I. Yakubovsky
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (O.O.K.); (V.R.S.); (A.A.V.); (G.A.E.); (Y.A.K.); (M.S.M.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Olesya O. Kapitanova
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (O.O.K.); (V.R.S.); (A.A.V.); (G.A.E.); (Y.A.K.); (M.S.M.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskiye Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentin R. Solovey
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (O.O.K.); (V.R.S.); (A.A.V.); (G.A.E.); (Y.A.K.); (M.S.M.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Andrey A. Vyshnevyy
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (O.O.K.); (V.R.S.); (A.A.V.); (G.A.E.); (Y.A.K.); (M.S.M.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Georgy A. Ermolaev
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (O.O.K.); (V.R.S.); (A.A.V.); (G.A.E.); (Y.A.K.); (M.S.M.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Yuri A. Klishin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (O.O.K.); (V.R.S.); (A.A.V.); (G.A.E.); (Y.A.K.); (M.S.M.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Mikhail S. Mironov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (O.O.K.); (V.R.S.); (A.A.V.); (G.A.E.); (Y.A.K.); (M.S.M.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Artem A. Voronov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (O.O.K.); (V.R.S.); (A.A.V.); (G.A.E.); (Y.A.K.); (M.S.M.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Aleksey V. Arsenin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (O.O.K.); (V.R.S.); (A.A.V.); (G.A.E.); (Y.A.K.); (M.S.M.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Valentyn S. Volkov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (O.O.K.); (V.R.S.); (A.A.V.); (G.A.E.); (Y.A.K.); (M.S.M.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Sergey M. Novikov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (O.O.K.); (V.R.S.); (A.A.V.); (G.A.E.); (Y.A.K.); (M.S.M.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.T.); (S.M.N.); Tel.: +7-9056137678 (M.K.T.); +7-9032360487 (S.M.N.)
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Tatarkin DE, Yakubovsky DI, Ermolaev GA, Stebunov YV, Voronov AA, Arsenin AV, Volkov VS, Novikov SM. Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy on Hybrid Graphene/Gold Substrates near the Percolation Threshold. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E164. [PMID: 31963496 PMCID: PMC7022774 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Graphene is a promising platform for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-active substrates, primarily due to the possibility of quenching photoluminescence and fluorescence. Here we study ultrathin gold films near the percolation threshold fabricated by electron-beam deposition on monolayer CVD graphene. The advantages of such hybrid graphene/gold substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy are discussed in comparison with conventional substrates without the graphene layer. The percolation threshold is determined by independent measurements of the sheet resistance and effective dielectric constant by spectroscopic ellipsometry. The surface morphology of the ultrathin gold films is analyzed by the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the thicknesses of the films in addition to the quartz-crystal mass-thickness sensor are also measured by AFM. We experimentally demonstrate that the maximum SERS signal is observed near and slightly below the percolation threshold. In this case, the region of maximum enhancement of the SERS signal can be determined using the figure of merit (FOM), which is the ratio of the real and imaginary parts of the effective dielectric permittivity of the films. SERS measurements on hybrid graphene/gold substrates with the dye Crystal Violet show an enhancement factor of ~105 and also demonstrate the ability of graphene to quench photoluminescence by an average of ~60%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry E. Tatarkin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); or (Y.V.S.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Dmitry I. Yakubovsky
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); or (Y.V.S.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Georgy A. Ermolaev
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); or (Y.V.S.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury V. Stebunov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); or (Y.V.S.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Artem A. Voronov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); or (Y.V.S.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Aleksey V. Arsenin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); or (Y.V.S.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Valentyn S. Volkov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); or (Y.V.S.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Sergey M. Novikov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (D.I.Y.); or (Y.V.S.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.); (V.S.V.)
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Fleischer M, Zhang D, Meixner AJ. Optically and electrically driven nanoantennas. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 11:1542-1545. [PMID: 33094087 PMCID: PMC7554664 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.11.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Fleischer
- Institute for Applied Physics and Center LISA⁺, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dai Zhang
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center LISA⁺, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alfred J Meixner
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center LISA⁺, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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