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Akkravijitkul N, Cheechana N, Rithchumpon P, Junpirom T, Limwanich W, Nalampang K, Thavornyutikarn P, Punyodom W, Meepowpan P. Scalable and Room-Temperature Ring-Opening Polymerization of ε-Caprolactone Catalyzed by Active Lithium Tetramethylene-Tethered Bis[ N-( N'-butylimidazol-2-ylidene)] N-Heterocyclic Carbene as a Lewis Acid Organocatalyst. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12052-12064. [PMID: 36073019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Lewis acid organocatalytic system of lithium tetramethylene-tethered bis[N-(N'-butylimidazol-2-ylidene)] N-heterocyclic carbene (1,4-bisNHC) including lithium benzyloxide and benzyl alcohol has been successfully utilized in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone (CL) for the first time. The catalytic performance of this organic catalyst in the synthesis of high-molecular-weight polymers was investigated via bulk polymerization using different combinations of tetramethylene-tethered bis[N-(N'-butylimidazolium)] hexafluorophosphate (1,4-bis[Bim][PF6]), benzyl alcohol (BnOH), and n-butyl lithium (nBuLi) ([1,4-bis[Bim][PF6]]/[BnOH]/[nBuLi]) with the molar ratios of 0:2:2, 1:1:3, 1:2:3, and 1:2:4. The results showed that the molar ratio of 1:2:3 efficiently and rapidly initiated the bulk ROP of CL at room temperature with a high molar ratio of CL to 1,4-bis[Bim][PF6] of 3000/1 and produced the highest number of average-molecular-weight (Mn) poly(ε-caprolactone) (103,057 g mol-1) with the dispersity (D̵) and %conversion of 1.73 and 98% in a short period of time (152 s). From comparative studies, the relative polymerization rates of the bulk ROP of CL with different [1,4-bis[Bim][PF6]]/[BnOH]/[nBuLi] molar ratios was determined in the following order: 1:2:4 > 1:1:3 > 1:2:3 > 0:2:2. For mechanistic investigation, the bulk ROP mechanism of CL with our organic catalyst was proposed through the intramolecular bis-lithium-carbene interaction pathway for 1,4-bisNHC1,1,3, 1,4-bisNHC1,2,3, and 1,4-bisNHC1,2,4 systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthapol Akkravijitkul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.,Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nathaporn Cheechana
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.,Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Puracheth Rithchumpon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.,Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thiti Junpirom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wanich Limwanich
- Faculty of Sciences and Agricultural Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Chiang Mai 50300, Thailand
| | - Kanarat Nalampang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Praput Thavornyutikarn
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Winita Punyodom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.,Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Puttinan Meepowpan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.,Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Rezayan AH, Firoozi N, Kheirjou S, Tabatabaei Rezaei SJ, Nabid MR. Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Based on Star-Shaped Copolymers of ɛ-Caprolactone and Lactide. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2017; 16:63-73. [PMID: 28496462 PMCID: PMC5423234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the focus is on a new kind of biodegradable semi-interpenetrating polymer networks, which is derived from ɛ-caprolactone, lactide, 1,4-butane diisocyanate and ethylenediamine and also its potential has been investigated in soft tissue engineering applications. The polymers were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). These experiments show that the polymers with the right composition and the expected molecular weight were achieved. Also, the in-vitro degradation of polymer network was examined in phosphate buffer solutions (pH 7.4) at 37 °C. Moreover, cell viability and adhesion tests were carried out with fibroblast cells by the MTT assay, which confirmed biocompatibility. Polyurethane materials have superior mechanical properties, so these biodegradable and biocompatible films demonstrate potential for future application as cell scaffolds in soft tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hossein Rezayan
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Fax +982188617087,Tehran, Iran. ,Corresponding author: E-mail: ,
| | - Negar Firoozi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Fax +982188617087,Tehran, Iran.
| | - Somayyeh Kheirjou
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Fax +982188617087,Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Nabid
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., P.O. Box 1983963113, Tehran, Iran.
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