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Parihar A, Pandita V, Kumar A, Parihar DS, Puranik N, Bajpai T, Khan R. 3D Printing: Advancement in Biogenerative Engineering to Combat Shortage of Organs and Bioapplicable Materials. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 8:173-199. [PMID: 34230892 PMCID: PMC8252697 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-021-00219-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Organ or cell transplantation is medically evaluated for end-stage failure saving or extending the lives of thousands of patients who are suffering from organ failure disorders. The unavailability of adequate organs for transplantation to meet the existing demand is a major challenge in the medical field. This led to day-day-increase in the number of patients on transplant waiting lists as well as in the number of patients dying while on the queue. Recently, technological advancements in the field of biogenerative engineering have the potential to regenerate tissues and, in some cases, create new tissues and organs. In this context, major advances and innovations are being made in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine which have a huge impact on the scientific community is three-dimensional bioprinting (3D bioprinting) of tissues and organs. Besides this, the decellularization of organs and using this as a scaffold for generating new organs through the recellularization process shows promising results. This review discussed about current approaches for tissue and organ engineering including methods of scaffold designing, recent advances in 3D bioprinting, organs regenerated successfully using 3D printing, and extended application of 3D bioprinting technique in the field of medicine. Besides this, information about commercially available 3D printers has also been included in this article. Lay Summary Today's need for organs for the transplantation process in order to save a patient's life or to enhance the survival rate of diseased one is the prime concern among the scientific community. Recent, advances in the field of biogenerative engineering have the potential to regenerate tissues and create organs compatible with the patient's body. In this context, major advances and innovations are being made in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine which have a huge impact on the scientific community is three-dimensional bioprinting (3D bioprinting) of tissues and organs. Besides this, the decellularization of organs and using this as a scaffold for generating new organs through the recellularization process shows promising results. This review dealt with the current approaches for tissue and organ engineering including methods of scaffold designing, recent advances in 3D bioprinting, organs regenerated successfully using 3D printing, and extended application of 3D bioprinting technique in the field of medicine. Furthermore, information about commercially available 3D printers has also been included in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462026 India
- Microfluidics & MEMS Centre, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road Bhopal, 462026 India
| | - Vasundhara Pandita
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462026 India
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design & Manufacturing (IIITD&M), Kancheepuram, 600127 India
| | - Dipesh Singh Parihar
- Engineering College Tuwa , At. & Post. Tuwa, Taluka Godhra, Dist. Panchmahal, Godhra, Gujarat 388713 India
| | - Nidhi Puranik
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462026 India
| | - Tapas Bajpai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, 302017 India
| | - Raju Khan
- Microfluidics & MEMS Centre, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road Bhopal, 462026 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-AMPRI, Bhopal, 462026 India
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Yu P, Duan Z, Liu S, Pachon I, Ma J, Hemstreet GP, Zhang Y. Drug-Induced Nephrotoxicity Assessment in 3D Cellular Models. MICROMACHINES 2021; 13:mi13010003. [PMID: 35056167 PMCID: PMC8780064 DOI: 10.3390/mi13010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The kidneys are often involved in adverse effects and toxicity caused by exposure to foreign compounds, chemicals, and drugs. Early predictions of these influences are essential to facilitate new, safe drugs to enter the market. However, in current drug treatments, drug-induced nephrotoxicity accounts for 1/4 of reported serious adverse reactions, and 1/3 of them are attributable to antibiotics. Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is driven by multiple mechanisms, including altered glomerular hemodynamics, renal tubular cytotoxicity, inflammation, crystal nephropathy, and thrombotic microangiopathy. Although the functional proteins expressed by renal tubules that mediate drug sensitivity are well known, current in vitro 2D cell models do not faithfully replicate the morphology and intact renal tubule function, and therefore, they do not replicate in vivo nephrotoxicity. The kidney is delicate and complex, consisting of a filter unit and a tubular part, which together contain more than 20 different cell types. The tubular epithelium is highly polarized, and maintaining cellular polarity is essential for the optimal function and response to environmental signals. Cell polarity depends on the communication between cells, including paracrine and autocrine signals, as well as biomechanical and chemotaxis processes. These processes affect kidney cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. For drug disposal research, the microenvironment is essential for predicting toxic reactions. This article reviews the mechanism of drug-induced kidney injury, the types of nephrotoxicity models (in vivo and in vitro models), and the research progress related to drug-induced nephrotoxicity in three-dimensional (3D) cellular culture models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Yu
- Difficult & Complicated Liver Diseases and Artificial Liver Center, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (P.Y.); (Z.D.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhongping Duan
- Difficult & Complicated Liver Diseases and Artificial Liver Center, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (P.Y.); (Z.D.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Difficult & Complicated Liver Diseases and Artificial Liver Center, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (P.Y.); (Z.D.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ivan Pachon
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | - Jianxing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | | | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-336-713-1189
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Crystal and Supramolecular Structure of Bacterial Cellulose Hydrolyzed by Cellobiohydrolase from Scytalidium Candidum 3C: A Basis for Development of Biodegradable Wound Dressings. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13092087. [PMID: 32369952 PMCID: PMC7254194 DOI: 10.3390/ma13092087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The crystal and supramolecular structure of the bacterial cellulose (BC) has been studied at different stages of cellobiohydrolase hydrolysis using various physical and microscopic methods. Enzymatic hydrolysis significantly affected the crystal and supramolecular structure of native BC, in which the 3D polymer network consisted of nanoribbons with a thickness T ≈ 8 nm and a width W ≈ 50 nm, and with a developed specific surface SBET ≈ 260 m2·g−1. Biodegradation for 24 h led to a ten percent decrease in the mean crystal size Dhkl of BC, to two-fold increase in the sizes of nanoribbons, and in the specific surface area SBET up to ≈ 100 m2·g−1. Atomic force and scanning electron microscopy images showed BC microstructure “loosening“after enzymatic treatment, as well as the formation and accumulation of submicron particles in the cells of the 3D polymer network. Experiments in vitro and in vivo did not reveal cytotoxic effect by the enzyme addition to BC dressings and showed a generally positive influence on the treatment of extensive III-degree burns, significantly accelerating wound healing in rats. Thus, in our opinion, the results obtained can serve as a basis for further development of effective biodegradable dressings for wound healing.
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Poornejad N, Momtahan N, Salehi ASM, Scott D, Fronk CA, Roeder BL, Reynolds PR, Bundy BC, Cook AD. Corrigendum: Efficient decellularization of whole porcine kidneys improves reseeded cell behavior (2016 Biomed. Mater. 11 025003). Biomed Mater 2018; 13:069501. [PMID: 30152406 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aadd22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The manuscript 'Efficient decellularization of whole porcine kidneys improves reseeded cell behavior' (Poornejad et al 2016 Biomedical Materials 11: 025003) describes our efforts to improve the process for recellularization of porcine kidneys. We obtained what we believed to be an immortalized cell line of human renal cortical tubular epithelium (RCTE) cells from the Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University to conduct our reseeding experiments. The RCTE cells that were provided to us were later discovered to actually be Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells. A published erratum pertaining to this issue has been published (Caralt et al 2017 American Journal of Transplantation 17: 1429). Despite being of canine origin, MDCK cells are a distal tubule epithelial cell line that behave similarly to human RCTE cells. The conclusions regarding reseeding as reported in our paper are still sound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Poornejad
- Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, UNITED STATES
| | - Nima Momtahan
- Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, UNITED STATES
| | - Amin S M Salehi
- Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, UNITED STATES
| | | | - Cory A Fronk
- Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, UNITED STATES
| | | | - Paul R Reynolds
- Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, UNITED STATES
| | - Bradley C Bundy
- Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, UNITED STATES
| | - Alonzo David Cook
- Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, 350T CB BYU, Provo, Utah, 84602, UNITED STATES
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Jakus AE, Laronda MM, Rashedi AS, Robinson CM, Lee C, Jordan SW, Orwig KE, Woodruff TK, Shah RN. "Tissue Papers" from Organ-Specific Decellularized Extracellular Matrices. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2017; 27:1700992. [PMID: 29104526 PMCID: PMC5665058 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201700992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Using an innovative, tissue-independent approach to decellularized tissue processing and biomaterial fabrication, the development of a series of "tissue papers" derived from native porcine tissues/organs (heart, kidney, liver, muscle), native bovine tissue/organ (ovary and uterus), and purified bovine Achilles tendon collagen as a control from decellularized extracellular matrix particle ink suspensions cast into molds is described. Each tissue paper type has distinct microstructural characteristics as well as physical and mechanical properties, is capable of absorbing up to 300% of its own weight in liquid, and remains mechanically robust (E = 1-18 MPa) when hydrated; permitting it to be cut, rolled, folded, and sutured, as needed. In vitro characterization with human mesenchymal stem cells reveals that all tissue paper types support cell adhesion, viability, and proliferation over four weeks. Ovarian tissue papers support mouse ovarian follicle adhesion, viability, and health in vitro, as well as support, and maintain the viability and hormonal function of nonhuman primate and human follicle-containing, live ovarian cortical tissues ex vivo for eight weeks postmortem. "Tissue papers" can be further augmented with additional synthetic and natural biomaterials, as well as integrated with recently developed, advanced 3D-printable biomaterials, providing a versatile platform for future multi-biomaterial construct manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Jakus
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Monica M Laronda
- Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Alexandra S Rashedi
- Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Christina M Robinson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Chris Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Sumanas W Jordan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kyle E Orwig
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Teresa K Woodruff
- Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ramille N Shah
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Divsion of Organ Transplantation, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Uzarski JS, DiVito MD, Wertheim JA, Miller WM. Essential design considerations for the resazurin reduction assay to noninvasively quantify cell expansion within perfused extracellular matrix scaffolds. Biomaterials 2017; 129:163-175. [PMID: 28343003 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Precise measurement of cellularity within bioartificial tissues and extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds is necessary to augment rigorous characterization of cellular behavior, as accurate benchmarking of tissue function to cell number allows for comparison of data across experiments and between laboratories. Resazurin, a soluble dye that is reduced to highly fluorescent resorufin in proportion to the metabolic activity of a cell population, is a valuable, noninvasive tool to measure cell number. We investigated experimental conditions in which resazurin reduction is a reliable indicator of cellularity within three-dimensional (3D) ECM scaffolds. Using three renal cell populations, we demonstrate that correlation of viable cell numbers with the rate of resorufin generation may deviate from linearity at higher cell densities, lower resazurin working volumes, or longer incubation times that all contribute to depleting the pool of resazurin. In conclusion, while the resazurin reduction assay provides a powerful, noninvasive readout of metrics enumerating cellularity and growth within ECM scaffolds, assay conditions may strongly influence its applicability for accurate quantification of cell number. The approach and methodological recommendations presented herein may be used as a guide for application-specific optimization of this assay to obtain rigorous and accurate measurement of cellular content in bioengineered tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph S Uzarski
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Michael D DiVito
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jason A Wertheim
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Surgery, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - William M Miller
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
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