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Wood CP, Alvarez C, DiPatrizio NV. Cholinergic Neurotransmission Controls Orexigenic Endocannabinoid Signaling in the Gut in Diet-Induced Obesity. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0813232024. [PMID: 38594069 PMCID: PMC11097264 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0813-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The brain bidirectionally communicates with the gut to control food intake and energy balance, which becomes dysregulated in obesity. For example, endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling in the small-intestinal (SI) epithelium is upregulated in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice and promotes overeating by a mechanism that includes inhibiting gut-brain satiation signaling. Upstream neural and molecular mechanism(s) involved in overproduction of orexigenic gut eCBs in DIO, however, are unknown. We tested the hypothesis that overactive parasympathetic signaling at the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) in the SI increases biosynthesis of the eCB, 2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol (2-AG), which drives hyperphagia via local CB1Rs in DIO. Male mice were maintained on a high-fat/high-sucrose Western-style diet for 60 d, then administered several mAChR antagonists 30 min prior to tissue harvest or a food intake test. Levels of 2-AG and the activity of its metabolic enzymes in the SI were quantitated. DIO mice, when compared to those fed a low-fat/no-sucrose diet, displayed increased expression of cFos protein in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, which suggests an increased activity of efferent cholinergic neurotransmission. These mice exhibited elevated levels of 2-AG biosynthesis in the SI, that was reduced to control levels by mAChR antagonists. Moreover, the peripherally restricted mAChR antagonist, methylhomatropine bromide, and the peripherally restricted CB1R antagonist, AM6545, reduced food intake in DIO mice for up to 24 h but had no effect in mice conditionally deficient in SI CB1Rs. These results suggest that hyperactivity at mAChRs in the periphery increases formation of 2-AG in the SI and activates local CB1Rs, which drives hyperphagia in DIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney P Wood
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
- University of California Riverside Center for Cannabinoid Research, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Camila Alvarez
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
- University of California Riverside Center for Cannabinoid Research, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Nicholas V DiPatrizio
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
- University of California Riverside Center for Cannabinoid Research, Riverside, California 92521
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2
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Mukherjee K, Wang R, Xiao C. Release of Lipids Stored in the Intestine by Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 Involves a Gut-Brain Neural Pathway. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:192-201. [PMID: 37970717 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut hormone GLP-2 (glucagon-like peptide-2) plays important roles in lipid handling in the intestine. During postabsorptive stage, it releases preformed chylomicrons stored in the intestine, the underlying mechanisms of which are not well understood. Previous studies implicate the involvement of neural pathways in GLP-2's actions on lipid absorption in the intestine, but the role of such mechanisms in releasing postabsorptive lipid storage has not been established. METHODS Here, in mesenteric lymph duct cannulated rats, we directly tested whether gut-brain neural communication mediates GLP-2's effects on postabsorptive lipid mobilization in the intestine. We performed total subdiaphragmatic vagotomy to disrupt the gut-brain neural communication and analyzed lipid output 5 hours after a lipid load in response to intraperitoneal GLP-2 or saline. RESULTS Peripheral GLP-2 administration led to increased lymph lipid output and activation of proopiomelanocortin neurons in the arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus. Disruption of gut-brain neural communication via vagotomy blunted GLP-2's effects on promoting lipid release in the intestine. CONCLUSIONS These results, for the first time, demonstrate a novel mechanism in which postabsorptive mobilization of intestinal lipid storage by GLP-2 enlists a gut-brain neural pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kundanika Mukherjee
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Rita Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Changting Xiao
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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3
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Surets M, Caban-Murillo A, Ramirez S. Prelimbic cortex ensembles promote appetitive learning-associated behavior. Learn Mem 2024; 31:a053892. [PMID: 38408863 PMCID: PMC10903945 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053892.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Memories of prior rewards bias our actions and future decisions. To determine the neural correlates of an appetitive associative learning task, we trained male mice to discriminate a reward-predicting cue over the course of 7 d. Encoding, recent recall, and remote recall were investigated to determine the areas of the brain recruited at each stage of learning. Using cFos as a proxy for neuronal activity, we found unique brain-wide patterns of activity across days that seem to correlate with distinct stages of learning. In particular, the prelimbic (PL) cortex was significantly recruited during the encoding of a novel association presentation, but its activity decreases as learning continues. To causally dissect the role of the PL in a reward memory across days, we chemogenetically inhibited first the PL entirely and then only tagged memory-bearing cells that were active during encoding in two stages of learning: early and late. Both nonspecific and specific PL inhibition experiments indicate that the PL drives behavior during late stages of learning to facilitate appropriate cue-driven behavior. Overall, our work underscores memory's role in discriminative reward seeking, and points to the PL as a target for modulating disorders in which impaired reward processing is a core component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Surets
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Albit Caban-Murillo
- Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Steve Ramirez
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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4
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Turk AZ, Millwater M, SheikhBahaei S. Whole-brain analysis of CO 2 chemosensitive regions and identification of the retrotrapezoid and medullary raphé nuclei in the common marmoset ( Callithrix jacchus). BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.26.558361. [PMID: 37986845 PMCID: PMC10659419 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.26.558361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory chemosensitivity is an important mechanism by which the brain senses changes in blood partial pressure of CO2 (PCO2). It is proposed that special neurons (and astrocytes) in various brainstem regions play key roles as CO2 central respiratory chemosensors in rodents. Although common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), New-World non-human primates, show similar respiratory responses to elevated inspired CO2 as rodents, the chemosensitive regions in marmoset brain have not been defined yet. Here, we used c-fos immunostainings to identify brain-wide CO2-activated brain regions in common marmosets. In addition, we mapped the location of the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) and raphé nuclei in the marmoset brainstem based on colocalization of CO2-induced c-fos immunoreactivity with Phox2b, and TPH immunostaining, respectively. Our data also indicated that, similar to rodents, marmoset RTN astrocytes express Phox2b and have complex processes that create a meshwork structure at the ventral surface of medulla. Our data highlight some cellular and structural regional similarities in brainstem of the common marmosets and rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Z. Turk
- Neuron-Glia Signaling and Circuits Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, 20892 MD, USA
| | - Marissa Millwater
- Neuron-Glia Signaling and Circuits Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, 20892 MD, USA
| | - Shahriar SheikhBahaei
- Neuron-Glia Signaling and Circuits Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, 20892 MD, USA
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5
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Yegen CH, Marchant D, Bernaudin JF, Planes C, Boncoeur E, Voituron N. Chronic pulmonary fibrosis alters the functioning of the respiratory neural network. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1205924. [PMID: 37383147 PMCID: PMC10293840 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1205924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Some patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis present impaired ventilatory variables characterised by low forced vital capacity values associated with an increase in respiratory rate and a decrease in tidal volume which could be related to the increased pulmonary stiffness. The lung stiffness observed in pulmonary fibrosis may also have an effect on the functioning of the brainstem respiratory neural network, which could ultimately reinforce or accentuate ventilatory alterations. To this end, we sought to uncover the consequences of pulmonary fibrosis on ventilatory variables and how the modification of pulmonary rigidity could influence the functioning of the respiratory neuronal network. In a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis obtained by 6 repeated intratracheal instillations of bleomycin (BLM), we first observed an increase in minute ventilation characterised by an increase in respiratory rate and tidal volume, a desaturation and a decrease in lung compliance. The changes in these ventilatory variables were correlated with the severity of the lung injury. The impact of lung fibrosis was also evaluated on the functioning of the medullary areas involved in the elaboration of the central respiratory drive. Thus, BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis led to a change in the long-term activity of the medullary neuronal respiratory network, especially at the level of the nucleus of the solitary tract, the first central relay of the peripheral afferents, and the Pre-Bötzinger complex, the inspiratory rhythm generator. Our results showed that pulmonary fibrosis induced modifications not only of pulmonary architecture but also of central control of the respiratory neural network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline-Hivda Yegen
- Laboratoire Hypoxie & Poumon, UMR INSERM U1272, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Dominique Marchant
- Laboratoire Hypoxie & Poumon, UMR INSERM U1272, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Jean-François Bernaudin
- Laboratoire Hypoxie & Poumon, UMR INSERM U1272, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Carole Planes
- Laboratoire Hypoxie & Poumon, UMR INSERM U1272, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
- Service de Physiologie et d’Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Avicenne, APHP, Bobigny, France
| | - Emilie Boncoeur
- Laboratoire Hypoxie & Poumon, UMR INSERM U1272, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Nicolas Voituron
- Laboratoire Hypoxie & Poumon, UMR INSERM U1272, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
- Département STAPS, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
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6
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Carmona-Barrón VG, Fernández del Campo IS, Delgado-García JM, De la Fuente AJ, Lopez IP, Merchán MA. Comparing the effects of transcranial alternating current and temporal interference (tTIS) electric stimulation through whole-brain mapping of c-Fos immunoreactivity. Front Neuroanat 2023; 17:1128193. [PMID: 36992795 PMCID: PMC10040600 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2023.1128193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The analysis of the topography of brain neuromodulation following transcranial alternating current (AC) stimulation is relevant for defining strategies directed to specific nuclei stimulation in patients. Among the different procedures of AC stimulation, temporal interference (tTIS) is a novel method for non-invasive neuromodulation of specific deep brain targets. However, little information is currently available about its tissue effects and its activation topography in in vivo animal models. After a single session (30 min, 0.12 mA) of transcranial alternate current (2,000 Hz; ES/AC group) or tTIS (2,000/2,010 Hz; Es/tTIS group) stimulation, rat brains were explored by whole-brain mapping analysis of c-Fos immunostained serial sections. For this analysis, we used two mapping methods, namely density-to-color processed channels (independent component analysis (ICA) and graphical representation (MATLAB) of morphometrical and densitometrical values obtained by density threshold segmentation. In addition, to assess tissue effects, alternate serial sections were stained for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), and Nissl. AC stimulation induced a mild superficial increase in c-Fos immunoreactivity. However, tTIS stimulation globally decreased the number of c-Fos-positive neurons and increased blood brain barrier cell immunoreactivity. tTIS also had a stronger effect around the electrode placement area and preserved neuronal activation better in restricted areas of the deep brain (directional stimulation). The enhanced activation of intramural blood vessels’ cells and perivascular astrocytes suggests that low-frequency interference (10 Hz) may also have a trophic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Antonio J. De la Fuente
- Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y Leon (INCYL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ignacio Plaza Lopez
- Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y Leon (INCYL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Merchán
- Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y Leon (INCYL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- *Correspondence: Miguel A. Merchán
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7
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Davoudian PA, Shao LX, Kwan AC. Shared and Distinct Brain Regions Targeted for Immediate Early Gene Expression by Ketamine and Psilocybin. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:468-480. [PMID: 36630309 PMCID: PMC9898239 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Psilocybin is a psychedelic with therapeutic potential. While there is growing evidence that psilocybin exerts its beneficial effects through enhancing neural plasticity, the exact brain regions involved are not completely understood. Determining the impact of psilocybin on plasticity-related gene expression throughout the brain can broaden our understanding of the neural circuits involved in psychedelic-evoked neural plasticity. In this study, whole-brain serial two-photon microscopy and light sheet microscopy were employed to map the expression of the immediate early gene, c-Fos, in male and female mice. The drug-induced c-Fos expression following psilocybin administration was compared to that of subanesthetic ketamine and saline control. Psilocybin and ketamine produced acutely comparable elevations in c-Fos expression in numerous brain regions, including anterior cingulate cortex, locus coeruleus, primary visual cortex, central and basolateral amygdala, medial and lateral habenula, and claustrum. Select regions exhibited drug-preferential differences, such as dorsal raphe and insular cortex for psilocybin and the CA1 subfield of hippocampus for ketamine. To gain insights into the contributions of receptors and cell types, the c-Fos expression maps were related to brain-wide in situ hybridization data. The transcript analyses showed that the endogenous levels of Grin2a and Grin2b predict whether a cortical region is sensitive to drug-evoked neural plasticity for both ketamine and psilocybin. Collectively, the systematic mapping approach produced an unbiased list of brain regions impacted by psilocybin and ketamine. The data are a resource that highlights previously underappreciated regions for future investigations. Furthermore, the robust relationships between drug-evoked c-Fos expression and endogenous transcript distributions suggest glutamatergic receptors as a potential convergent target for how psilocybin and ketamine produce their rapid-acting and long-lasting therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasha A. Davoudian
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
| | - Ling-Xiao Shao
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Alex C. Kwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, 10065, USA
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8
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Deep brain stimulation in animal models of dystonia. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 175:105912. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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9
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Miranda JM, Cruz E, Bessières B, Alberini CM. Hippocampal parvalbumin interneurons play a critical role in memory development. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111643. [PMID: 36384113 PMCID: PMC9737056 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Episodic memories formed in early childhood rapidly decay, but their latent traces remain stored long term. These memories require the dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) and seem to undergo a developmental critical period. It remains to be determined whether the maturation of parvalbumin interneurons (PVIs), a major mechanism of critical periods, contributes to memory development. Here, we show that episodic infantile learning significantly increases the levels of parvalbumin in the dHPC 48 h after training. Chemogenetic inhibition of PVIs before learning indicated that these neurons are required for infantile memory formation. A bilateral dHPC injection of the γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor agonist diazepam after training elicited long-term memory expression in infant rats, although direct PVI chemogenetic activation had no effect. Finally, PVI activity was required for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-dependent maturation of memory competence, i.e., adult-like long-term memory expression. Thus, dHPC PVIs are critical for the formation of infantile memories and for memory development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle M Miranda
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Emmanuel Cruz
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Benjamin Bessières
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Cristina M Alberini
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA.
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10
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Yuan S, Deng B, Ye Q, Wu Z, Wu J, Wang L, Xu Q, Yao L, Xu N. Excitatory neurons in paraventricular hypothalamus contributed to the mechanism underlying acupuncture regulating the swallowing function. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5797. [PMID: 35388042 PMCID: PMC8987055 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09470-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH) is demonstrated to regulate stress, feeding behaviors, and other related homeostatic processes. However, no direct evidence has been investigated for the role of PVH in swallowing function. Acupuncture therapy at Lianquan (CV23) acupoint has been reported to improve the swallowing function in clinical trials, but its underlying mechanism still needs to be uncovered. Thus, we aimed to explore whether PVH involved the acupuncture mediated regulating swallowing function. Chemogenetics, electromyography (EMG) recording, and immunofluorescence staining methods were combined to demonstrate that neurons in PVH could be activated by electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation at CV23, and this neuronal cluster was represented as excitatory neurons. Furthermore, we mapped both the inputs and outputs of PVH neurons using viral tracing. The neurons in PVH projected with the brain regions, including parabrachial nucleus (PBN) and the solitary tract nucleus (NTS), which both participated in the swallowing process. The EA function regulating the swallowing was attenuated after inhibiting the neurons in PVH in the post stroke dysphagia. In conclusion, this study suggested that EA at CV23 could regulate swallowing function involving the excitatory neurons in PVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Yuan
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 East Ring Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Deng
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 East Ring Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuping Ye
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 East Ring Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhennan Wu
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 East Ring Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Junshang Wu
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 East Ring Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 East Ring Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Xu
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 East Ring Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Yao
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 East Ring Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nenggui Xu
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 East Ring Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Tactile information from the vibrissal system modulates hippocampal functioning. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2022; 3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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12
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Methodology and Neuromarkers for Cetaceans’ Brains. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9020038. [PMID: 35202291 PMCID: PMC8879147 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cetacean brain sampling may be an arduous task due to the difficulty of collecting and histologically preparing such rare and large specimens. Thus, one of the main challenges of working with cetaceans’ brains is to establish a valid methodology for an optimal manipulation and fixation of the brain tissue, which allows the samples to be viable for neuroanatomical and neuropathological studies. With this in view, we validated a methodology in order to preserve the quality of such large brains (neuroanatomy/neuropathology) and at the same time to obtain fresh brain samples for toxicological, virological, and microbiological analysis (neuropathology). A fixation protocol adapted to brains, of equal or even three times the size of human brains, was studied and tested. Finally, we investigated the usefulness of a panel of 20 antibodies (neuromarkers) associated with the normal structure and function of the brain, pathogens, age-related, and/or functional variations. The sampling protocol and some of the 20 neuromarkers have been thought to explore neurodegenerative diseases in these long-lived animals. To conclude, many of the typical measures used to evaluate neuropathological changes do not tell us if meaningful cellular changes have occurred. Having a wide panel of antibodies and histochemical techniques available allows for delving into the specific behavior of the neuronal population of the brain nuclei and to get a “fingerprint” of their real status.
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13
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Bourgeois JR, Kalyanasundaram G, Figueroa C, Srinivasan A, Kopec AM. A semi-automated brain atlas-based analysis pipeline for c-Fos immunohistochemical data. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 348:108982. [PMID: 33091429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of immunohistochemistry to quantify neural markers in various brain regions is a staple of neuroscience research. Numerous programs exist to automate quantification, but manual assignment of regions of interest (ROIs) within individual brain sections remains time consuming and can introduce interobserver variability. NEW METHOD We have developed a novel open source FIJI-based immunohistochemical data analysis pipeline, Atlas-Based Analysis (ABA). ABA uses landmark-based image warping to adjust the experimental image to closely align with a published rat brain atlas. c-Fos positive cells are then quantified within predetermined ROI coordinates derived from the brain atlas. Image warping adjusts for natural variation in brain sections to ensure reliable alignment of ROIs for data analysis. This pipeline can be adapted for new atlases, landmarks, ROIs, and quantification measurements. RESULTS ABA permits rapid quantification of immunoreactivity in multiple ROIs and produces results with high levels of interobserver consistency. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Compared to manual ROI designation, ABA reduces total analysis time by ∼70%. With correct use of landmarks for image warping, ABA produces similar results to manually drawn ROIs, results in no interobserver variability, and maintains c-Fos+ pixel dimensions. CONCLUSIONS ABA reduces time to obtain reliable results when performing automated immunoreactivity quantification and allows multiple users to analyze data without compromising the reliability of data obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Bourgeois
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany NY, United States
| | - G Kalyanasundaram
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany NY, United States; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - C Figueroa
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany NY, United States
| | - A Srinivasan
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany NY, United States
| | - A M Kopec
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany NY, United States.
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The retinoid X receptor: a nuclear receptor that modulates the sleep-wake cycle in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:2055-2073. [PMID: 32472163 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05518-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The nuclear receptor retinoid X receptor (RXR) belongs to a nuclear receptor superfamily that modulates diverse functions via homodimerization with itself or several other nuclear receptors, including PPARα. While the activation of PPARα by natural or synthetic agonists regulates the sleep-wake cycle, the role of RXR in the sleep modulation is unknown. OBJECTIVES We investigated the effects of bexarotene (Bexa, a RXR agonist) or UVI 3003 (UVI, a RXR antagonist) on sleep, sleep homeostasis, levels of neurochemical related to sleep modulation, and c-Fos and NeuN expression. METHODS The sleep-wake cycle and sleep homeostasis were analyzed after application of Bexa or UVI. Moreover, we also evaluated whether Bexa or UVI could induce effects on dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine epinephrine, adenosine, and acetylcholine contents, collected from either the nucleus accumbens or basal forebrain. In addition, c-Fos and NeuN expression in the hypothalamus was determined after Bexa or UVI treatments. RESULTS Systemic application of Bexa (1 mM, i.p.) attenuated slow-wave sleep and rapid eye movement sleep. In addition, Bexa increased the levels of dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine epinephrine, adenosine, and acetylcholine sampled from either the nucleus accumbens or basal forebrain. Moreover, Bexa blocked the sleep rebound period after total sleep deprivation, increased in the hypothalamus the expression of c-Fos, and decreased NeuN activity. Remarkably, UVI 3003 (1 mM, i.p.) induced opposite effects in sleep, sleep homeostasis, neurochemicals levels, and c-Fos and NeuN activity. CONCLUSIONS The administration of RXR agonist or antagonist significantly impaired the sleep-wake cycle and exerted effects on the levels of neurochemicals related to sleep modulation. Moreover, Bexa or UVI administration significantly affected c-Fos and NeuN expression in the hypothalamus. Our findings highlight the neurobiological role of RXR on sleep modulation.
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Barsegyan A, Mirone G, Ronzoni G, Guo C, Song Q, van Kuppeveld D, Schut EHS, Atsak P, Teurlings S, McGaugh JL, Schubert D, Roozendaal B. Glucocorticoid enhancement of recognition memory via basolateral amygdala-driven facilitation of prelimbic cortex interactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:7077-7082. [PMID: 30877244 PMCID: PMC6452745 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1901513116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive evidence indicates that the basolateral amygdala (BLA) interacts with other brain regions in mediating stress hormone and emotional arousal effects on memory consolidation. Brain activation studies have shown that arousing conditions lead to the activation of large-scale neural networks and several functional connections between brain regions beyond the BLA. Whether such distal interactions on memory consolidation also depend on BLA activity is not as yet known. We investigated, in male Sprague-Dawley rats, whether BLA activity enables prelimbic cortex (PrL) interactions with the anterior insular cortex (aIC) and dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) in regulating glucocorticoid effects on different components of object recognition memory. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonist RU 28362 administered into the PrL, but not infralimbic cortex, immediately after object recognition training enhanced 24-hour memory of both the identity and location of the object via functional interactions with the aIC and dHPC, respectively. Importantly, posttraining inactivation of the BLA by the noradrenergic antagonist propranolol abolished the effect of GR agonist administration into the PrL on memory enhancement of both the identity and location of the object. BLA inactivation by propranolol also blocked the effect of GR agonist administration into the PrL on inducing changes in neuronal activity within the aIC and dHPC during the postlearning consolidation period as well as on structural changes in spine morphology assessed 24 hours later. These findings provide evidence that BLA noradrenergic activity enables functional interactions between the PrL and the aIC and dHPC in regulating stress hormone and emotional arousal effects on memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areg Barsegyan
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriele Mirone
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Giacomo Ronzoni
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Chunan Guo
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daan van Kuppeveld
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Evelien H S Schut
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Piray Atsak
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Selina Teurlings
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - James L McGaugh
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-3800;
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-3800
| | - Dirk Schubert
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Benno Roozendaal
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Campos-Ordonez T, Zarate-Lopez D, Ibarra-Castaneda N, Buritica J, Gonzalez-Perez O. Cyclohexane Inhalation Produces Long-Lasting Alterations in the Hippocampal Integrity and Reward-Seeking Behavior in the Adult Mouse. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 39:435-449. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00660-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Qiao Y, Zhang CK, Li ZH, Niu ZH, Li J, Li JL. Collateral Projections from the Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus to the Central Amygdaloid Nucleus and the Ventral Tegmental Area in the Rat. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 302:1178-1186. [PMID: 30332715 PMCID: PMC6618262 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPB) is a critical region in the integration and transmission of peripheral nociceptive information. The parabrachio‐amygdaloid (P‐Amy) pathway and parabrachio‐ventral tegmental area (P‐VTA) pathway is thought to be significant in regulation of pain‐related negative emotions. In present study, retrograde tract tracers Fluoro‐gold (FG) and tetramethylrhodramine‐dextran (TMR) were stereotaxically injected into the right central amygdaloid nucleus (CeA) and right VTA, respectively. Then, part of these rats were performed with the spare nerve injury (SNI) in the controlateral side of FG and TMR injection. Afterwards, double‐ or triple‐immunofluorescent histochemistry was used to examine FG/TMR double‐ and FG/TMR/FOS or FG/TMR/CGRP triple‐labeled neurons in the LPB. The results showed that all of FG, TMR single‐ and FG/TMR double‐labeled neurons were distributed in the LPB bilaterally with an ipsilateral predominance. The proportion of FG/TMR double‐labeled neurons to the total number of FG‐ and TMR‐labeled neurons was 10.78% and 13.07%, respectively. Nearly all of the FG/TMR double‐labeled neurons (92.67%) showed calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) immunopositive. On the other hand, in the SNI rats, about 89.49% and 77.87% of FG‐ and TMR‐labeled neurons were FG/FOS‐ and TMR/FOS‐positive neurons; about 93.33% of the FG/TMR double‐labeled neurons were FOS‐LI. Our results suggest that the part of CGRP immunopositive neurons in the LPB send projection fibers to both the CeA and VTA by the way of axon collaterals, which are activated by the nociceptive stimulation in the SNI condition, and may play an important role in the transmission of peripheral nociceptive information. Anat Rec, 302:1178–1186, 2019. © 2018 The Authors. The Anatomical Record published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Anatomists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qiao
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology and K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,Student Brigade, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chun-Kui Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology and K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology and K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Ze-Hao Niu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology and K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,Student Brigade, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology and K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,Student Brigade, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jin-Lian Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology and K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
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Baum DM, Saussereau M, Jeton F, Planes C, Voituron N, Cardot P, Fiamma MN, Bodineau L. Effect of Gender on Chronic Intermittent Hypoxic Fosb Expression in Cardiorespiratory-Related Brain Structures in Mice. Front Physiol 2018; 9:788. [PMID: 29988603 PMCID: PMC6026892 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to delineate sex-based differences in neuroplasticity that may be associated with previously reported sex-based differences in physiological alterations caused by repetitive succession of hypoxemia-reoxygenation encountered during obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We examined long-term changes in the activity of brainstem and diencephalic cardiorespiratory neuronal populations induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) in male and female mice by analyzing Fosb expression. Whereas the overall baseline and CIH-induced Fosb expression in females was higher than in males, possibly reflecting different neuroplastic dynamics, in contrast, structures responded to CIH by Fosb upregulation in males only. There was a sex-based difference at the level of the rostral ventrolateral reticular nucleus of the medulla, with an increase in the number of FOSB/ΔFOSB-positive cells induced by CIH in males but not females. This structure contains neurons that generate the sympathetic tone and which are involved in CIH-induced sustained hypertension during waking hours. We suggest that the sex-based difference in neuroplasticity of this structure contributes to the reported sex-based difference in CIH-induced hypertension. Moreover, we highlighted a sex-based dimorphic phenomenon in serotoninergic systems induced by CIH, with increased serotoninergic immunoreactivity in the hypoglossal nucleus and a decreased number of serotoninergic cells in the dorsal raphe nucleus in male but not female mice. We suggest that this dimorphism in the neuroplasticity of serotoninergic systems predisposes males to a greater alteration of neuronal control of the upper respiratory tract associated with the greater collapsibility of upper airways described in male OSA subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Baum
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Paris, France
| | - Maud Saussereau
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Paris, France
| | - Florine Jeton
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris 13, EA2363 Hypoxie et Poumon, Bobigny, France
| | - Carole Planes
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris 13, EA2363 Hypoxie et Poumon, Bobigny, France
| | - Nicolas Voituron
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris 13, EA2363 Hypoxie et Poumon, Bobigny, France
| | - Philippe Cardot
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Noëlle Fiamma
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Bodineau
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Paris, France
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Guo X, Guo H, Zhao L, Zhang YH, Zhang JX. Two predominant MUPs, OBP3 and MUP13, are male pheromones in rats. Front Zool 2018; 15:6. [PMID: 29483934 PMCID: PMC5824612 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-018-0254-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In rats, urine-borne male pheromones comprise organic volatile compounds and major urinary proteins (MUPs). A number of volatile pheromones have been reported, but no MUP pheromones have been identified in rat urine. RESULTS We used sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), isoelectric focusing electrophoresis (IEF), nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS) after in gel digestion of the proteins and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and showed that the levels of two MUPs, odorant-binding protein 3 (OBP3) (i.e. PGCL4) and MUP13 (i.e. PGCL1), in urine and their mRNAs in liver were higher in males than in females and were suppressed by orchidectomy and restored by testosterone treatment (T treatment). We then generated recombinant MUPs (rMUPs) and found that the sexual attractiveness of urine from castrated males to females significantly increased after the addition of either recombinant OBP3 (rOBP3) or recombinant MUP13 (rMUP13). Using c-Fos immunohistochemistry, we further examined neuronal activation in the brains of female rats after they sniffed rOBP3 or rMUP13. Both rOBP3 and rMUP13 activated the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB), medial preoptic area (MPA), bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST), medial amygdala (MeA), posteromedial cortical amygdala (PMCo) and ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH), which participate in the neural circuits responsible for pheromone-induced sexual behaviours. In particular, more c-Fos-immunopositive (c-Fos-ir) cells were observed in the posterior AOB than in the anterior AOB. CONCLUSIONS The expression of OBP3 and MUP13 was male-biased and androgen-dependent. They attracted females and activated brain areas related to sexual behaviours in female rats, suggesting that both OBP3 and MUP13 are male pheromones in rats. Particularly, an OBP excreted into urine was exemplified to be a chemical signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1-5 Beichen West Road, Beijing, 100101 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Huifen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1-5 Beichen West Road, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1-5 Beichen West Road, Beijing, 100101 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yao-Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1-5 Beichen West Road, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Jian-Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1-5 Beichen West Road, Beijing, 100101 China
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20
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Joubert F, Loiseau C, Perrin-Terrin AS, Cayetanot F, Frugière A, Voituron N, Bodineau L. Key Brainstem Structures Activated during Hypoxic Exposure in One-day-old Mice Highlight Characteristics for Modeling Breathing Network in Premature Infants. Front Physiol 2016; 7:609. [PMID: 28018238 PMCID: PMC5145891 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We mapped and characterized changes in the activity of brainstem cell groups under hypoxia in one-day-old newborn mice, an animal model in which the central nervous system at birth is particularly immature. The classical biphasic respiratory response characterized by transient hyperventilation, followed by severe ventilation decline, was associated with increased c-FOS immunoreactivity in brainstem cell groups: the nucleus of the solitary tract, ventral reticular nucleus of the medulla, retrotrapezoid/parafacial region, parapyramidal group, raphe magnus nucleus, lateral, and medial parabrachial nucleus, and dorsal subcoeruleus nucleus. In contrast, the hypoglossal nucleus displayed decreased c-FOS immunoreactivity. There were fewer or no activated catecholaminergic cells activated in the medulla oblongata, whereas ~45% of the c-FOS-positive cells in the dorsal subcoeruleus were co-labeled. Approximately 30% of the c-FOS-positive cells in the parapyramidal group were serotoninergic, whereas only a small portion were labeled for serotonin in the raphe magnus nucleus. None of the c-FOS-positive cells in the retrotrapezoid/parafacial region were co-labeled for PHOX2B. Thus, the hypoxia-activated brainstem neuronal network of one-day-old mice is characterized by (i) the activation of catecholaminergic cells of the dorsal subcoeruleus nucleus, a structure implicated in the strong depressive pontine influence previously reported in the fetus but not in newborns, (ii) the weak activation of catecholaminergic cells of the ventral reticular nucleus of the medulla, an area involved in hypoxic hyperventilation, and (iii) the absence of PHOX2B-positive cells activated in the retrotrapezoid/parafacial region. Based on these results, one-day-old mice could highlight characteristics for modeling the breathing network of premature infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Joubert
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique Paris, France
| | - Camille Loiseau
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique Paris, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Perrin-Terrin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et CliniqueParis, France; Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris 13, EA2363 Hypoxie et PoumonsBobigny, France
| | - Florence Cayetanot
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7289 Marseille, France
| | - Alain Frugière
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Voituron
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris 13, EA2363 Hypoxie et Poumons Bobigny, France
| | - Laurence Bodineau
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique Paris, France
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