1
|
Hu W, Meng L, Wang C, Lu W, Tong X, Lin R, Xu T, Chen L, Cui A, Xu X, Li A, Tang J, Gao H, Pei Z, Zhang R, Wang Y, Wang Y, Han W, Jiang N, Xiong C, Feng Y, Lee K, Chen M. Spatiotemporal observations of host-pathogen interactions in mucosa during SARS-CoV-2 infection indicate a protective role of ILC2s. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0087823. [PMID: 37937994 PMCID: PMC10714800 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00878-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Our study revealed the spatial interaction between humanized ACE2 and pseudovirus expressing Spike, emphasizing the role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells during the initial phase of viral infection. These findings provide a foundation for the development of mucosal vaccines and other treatment approaches for both pre- and post-infection management of coronavirus disease 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Meng
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhan Lu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tong
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - An Cui
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anni Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Tang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongru Gao
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenle Pei
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruonan Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yicong Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wendong Han
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenglong Xiong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuinyu Lee
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingquan Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Malekpour A, Rahmanifar F. Conventional histomorphometry and fast free of acrylamide clearing tissue (FACT) visualization of sciatic nerve in chicken ( Gallus domesticus). VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2021; 12:167-173. [PMID: 34345382 PMCID: PMC8328249 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2019.98930.2361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Histomorphometry and use of the fast free of acrylamide clearing tissue (FACT) protocol were studied on the sciatic nerve in chicken (Gallus domesticus). In the first part of the study, the sciatic nerves of 20 chickens of four age groups (7, 14, 26 and 40 days) were studied (n=5 birds per age class). Their sciatic nerve samples were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and Masson's trichrome and were histomorphometrically evaluated. In the second part of the study, FACT protocol was applied on the sciatic nerve of a 26 days old chicken. After clearing of 1.00 mm-thick sciatic nerve sections, they were immunolabelled using Hoechst for nuclei staining and recorded by a Z-stack motorized fluorescent microscope. In the conventional histo-morphometry, the epineurium, perineurium and endoneurium were thicker and the nerve bundle diameter was bigger in the left sciatic nerve of chicken of all age groups compared to the right sciatic nerve. On the contrary, the axon diameter and the myelinated nerve fiber diameter were bigger, the myelin sheath was thicker, the nodes of Ranvier intervals were higher and the density of myelinated nerve fibers was also higher in the right sciatic nerve compared to the left one. In conclusion, histomorphometric parameters in the left and right sciatic nerve during chicken growth were significantly different. Furthermore, the FACT protocol could be used for the 3D imaging of the chicken sciatic nerve and its immunostained evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdolrasoul Malekpour
- DVM Graduate, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.,Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Rahmanifar
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nowzari F, Wang H, Khoradmehr A, Baghban M, Baghban N, Arandian A, Muhaddesi M, Nabipour I, Zibaii MI, Najarasl M, Taheri P, Latifi H, Tamadon A. Three-Dimensional Imaging in Stem Cell-Based Researches. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:657525. [PMID: 33937378 PMCID: PMC8079735 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.657525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have an important role in regenerative therapies, developmental biology studies and drug screening. Basic and translational research in stem cell technology needs more detailed imaging techniques. The possibility of cell-based therapeutic strategies has been validated in the stem cell field over recent years, a more detailed characterization of the properties of stem cells is needed for connectomics of large assemblies and structural analyses of these cells. The aim of stem cell imaging is the characterization of differentiation state, cellular function, purity and cell location. Recent progress in stem cell imaging field has included ultrasound-based technique to study living stem cells and florescence microscopy-based technique to investigate stem cell three-dimensional (3D) structures. Here, we summarized the fundamental characteristics of stem cells via 3D imaging methods and also discussed the emerging literatures on 3D imaging in stem cell research and the applications of both classical 2D imaging techniques and 3D methods on stem cells biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fariborz Nowzari
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Huimei Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mandana Baghban
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Neda Baghban
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Alireza Arandian
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Muhaddesi
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mohammad I. Zibaii
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Najarasl
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Taheri
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Latifi
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Tamadon
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Asadi Zarch ME, Afshar A, Rahmanifar F, Jafarzadeh Shirazi MR, Baghban M, Dadpasand M, Mohammad Rezazadeh F, Khoradmehr A, Baharvand H, Tamadon A. Three-dimensional and two-dimensional relationships of gangliogenesis with folliculogenesis in mature mouse ovary: a Golgi-Cox staining approach. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5547. [PMID: 33692376 PMCID: PMC7970916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84835-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was set out to investigate two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) evaluations of ovarian nervous network development and the structural relationship between folliculogenesis and gangliogenesis in mouse ovaries. Adult mice ovarian tissue samples were collected from follicular and luteal phases after cardiac perfusion. Ovarian samples were stained by a Golgi-Cox protocol. Following staining, tissues were serially sectioned for imaging. Neural filaments and ganglia were present in the ovaries. In both 2D and 3D studies, an increase in the number and area of ganglia was seen during the follicular growth. The same pattern was also seen in corpora lutea development. However, in some cases such as ratio of ganglia number to follicle area, the ratio of ganglia area to follicular area, 2D findings were different compared with the 3D results. 3D analysis of ovarian gangliogenesis showed the possible direct effect of them on folliculogenesis. Golgi-Cox staining was used in this study for 3D evaluation in non-brain tissue. The results of 3D analysis of the present study showed that, in some cases, the information provided by 2D analysis does not match the reality of ovarian neuronal function. This confirmed the importance of 3D analysis for evaluation of ovarian function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Afshar
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, 75146-33196, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Farhad Rahmanifar
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mandana Baghban
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Dadpasand
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, 71441-65186, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, 75146-33196, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Tamadon
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, 75146-33196, Bushehr, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Spatial and temporal changes in follicle distribution in the human ovarian cortex. Reprod Biomed Online 2020; 42:375-383. [PMID: 33309389 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION How does follicle distribution evolve in the human ovarian cortex between the ages of 20 and 35 years? DESIGN Fragments of ovarian cortex from women undergoing unilateral oophorectomy for fertility preservation were obtained for quantitative histological assessment, including recording the two-dimensional coordinates of the follicles. Data were analysed using spatial statistical methods. RESULTS A total of 53 ovarian cortex tissue samples, containing 1-803 follicles each, were obtained from 14 women aged 20-35 years. Primordial and transitory follicles lay in a clustered manner in the human ovarian cortex, with an average cluster radius of around 270 µm (95% confidence interval 154-377 µm; n = 49). Follicle density declined with age (P = 0.006, n = 13), and the distance from the nearest neighbouring follicle increased (P = 0.004, n = 13). Cluster radius decreased with age (P = 0.02, n = 13), but the degree of clustering tended to increase (P = 0.11, n = 13). In the majority of the samples, follicles at different stages lay in different clusters (P < 0.05, n = 13). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that primordial and transitory follicles lie in different clusters in the human ovarian cortex. Spatio-temporal computer simulation suggests that interfollicular signals may hinder follicle loss and may therefore drive clustered follicle distribution. In clinical practice, the woman's age should be taken into account when assessing follicle density, as follicle distribution is increasingly clustered with advancing age.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang H, Khoradmehr A, Tamadon A. FACT or PACT: A Comparison between Free-Acrylamide and Acrylamide-Based Passive Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Tissue Clearing for whole Tissue Imaging. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 21:103-114. [PMID: 30825283 PMCID: PMC6397597 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.5989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Major biological processes rely on the spatial organization of cells in complex, highly orchestrated three-dimensional (3D)
tissues. Until the recent decade, most of information on spatial neural representation primarily came from microscopic imaging
of “2D” (5-50 μm) tissue using traditional immunohistochemical techniques. However, serially sectioned and imaged tissue
sections for tissue visualization can lead to unique non-linear deformations, which dramatically hinders scientists’ insight into
the structural organization of intact organs. An emerging technique known as CLARITY renders large-scale biological tissues
transparent for 3D phenotype mapping and thereby, greatly facilitates structure-function relationships analyses. Since then,
numerous modifications and improvements have been reported to push the boundaries of knowledge on tissue clearing
techniques in research on assembled biological systems. This review aims to outline our current knowledge on next-generation
protocols of fast free-of-acrylamide clearing tissue (FACT) and passive CLARITY (PACT). The most important question is what
method we should select for tissue clearing, FACT or PACT. This review also highlights how FACT differs from PACT on
spanning multiple dimensions of the workflow. We systematically compared a number of factors including hydrogel formation,
clearing solution, and clearing temperatures between free-acrylamide and acrylamide-based passive sodium dodecyl sulfate
(SDS) tissue clearing and discussed negative effects of polyacrylamide on clearing, staining, and imaging in detail. Such
information may help to gain a perspective for interrogating neural circuits spatial interactions between molecules and cells
and provide guidance for developing novel tissue clearing strategies to probe deeply into intact organ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Amin Tamadon
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran. Electronic Address:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Khoradmehr A, Mazaheri F, Anvari M, Tamadon A. A Simple Technique for Three-Dimensional Imaging and Segmentation of Brain Vasculature U sing Fast Free-of-Acrylamide Clearing Tissue in Murine. CELL JOURNAL 2018; 21:49-56. [PMID: 30507088 PMCID: PMC6275429 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.5684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective Fast Free-of-Acrylamide Clearing Tissue (FACT) is a recently developed protocol for the whole tissue
three-dimensional (3D) imaging. The FACT protocol clears lipids using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to increase the
penetration of light and reflection of fluorescent signals from the depth of cleared tissue. The aim of the present study
was using FACT protocol in combination with imaging of auto-fluorescency of red blood cells in vessels to image the
vasculature of a translucent mouse tissues.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, brain and other tissues of adult female mice or rats were dissected
out without the perfusion. Mice brains were sliced for vasculature imaging before the clearing. Brain slices and other
whole tissues of rodent were cleared by the FACT protocol and their clearing times were measured. After 1 mm of the
brain slice clearing, the blood vessels containing auto-fluorescent red blood cells were imaged by a z-stack motorized
epifluorescent microscope. The 3D structures of the brain vessels were reconstructed by Imaris software.
Results Auto-fluorescent blood vessels were 3D imaged by the FACT in mouse brain cortex. Clearing tissues of
mice and rats were carried out by the FACT on the brain slices, spinal cord, heart, lung, adrenal gland, pancreas, liver,
esophagus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, skeletal muscle, bladder, ovary, and uterus.
Conclusion The FACT protocol can be used for the murine whole tissue clearing. We highlighted that the 3D imaging
of cortex vasculature can be done without antibody staining of non-perfused brain tissue, rather by a simple auto-
fluorescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Khoradmehr
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproduction Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fahime Mazaheri
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproduction Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Morteza Anvari
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproduction Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Electronic Address:
| | - Amin Tamadon
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran. Electronic Address:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang WL, Liu SH, Zhang WC, Hu W, Jiang M, Tamadon A, Feng Y. Skeletal Muscle CLARITY: A Preliminary Study of Imaging The Three-Dimensional Architecture of Blood Vessels and Neurons. CELL JOURNAL 2018; 20:132-137. [PMID: 29633589 PMCID: PMC5893283 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2018.5266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective Passive CLARITY is a whole-tissue clearing protocol, based on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) clearing, for imaging
intact tissue containing transgenic or immunolabeled fluorescent proteins. In this study, we present an improved passive
CLARITY protocol with efficient immunolabeling without the need for electrophoresis or complex instrumentation.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, after perfusion of C57BL/6N mice with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)
and then with acrylamide-paraformaldehyde (PFA), the quadriceps femoris muscle was removed. The muscle samples
were post-fixed and degassed to initiate polymerization. After removing the excess hydrogel around the muscle, lipids were
washed out with the passive CLARITY technique. The transparent whole intact muscles were labeled for vessel and neuron
markers, and then imaged by confocal microscopy. Three-dimensional images were reconstructed to present the muscle
tissue architecture.
Results We established a simple clearing protocol using wild type mouse muscle and labeling of vasculatures and
neurons. Imaging the fluorescent signal was achieved by protein fixation, adjusting the pH of the SDS solution and
using an optimum temperature (37˚C) for tissue clearing, all of which contributed to the superiority of our protocol.
Conclusion We conclude that this passive CLARITY protocol can be successfully applied to three-dimensional
cellular and whole muscle imaging in mice, and will facilitate structural analyses and connectomics of large assemblies
of muscle cells, vessels and neurons in the context of three-dimensional systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li Zhang
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao Hua Liu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Amin Tamadon
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai China
| | - Yi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai China.
| |
Collapse
|