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Reuvekamp T, Bachas C, Cloos J. Immunophenotypic features of early haematopoietic and leukaemia stem cells. Int J Lab Hematol 2024. [PMID: 39045906 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Many tumours are organised in a hierarchical structure with at its apex a cell that can maintain, establish, and repopulate the tumour-the cancer stem cell. The haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) is the founder cell for all functional blood cells. Like HSCs, the leukaemia stem cells (LSC) are hypothesised to be the leukaemia-initiating cells, which have features of stemness such as self-renewal, quiescence, and resistance to cytotoxic drugs. Immunophenotypically, CD34+CD38- defines HSCs by adding lineage negativity and CD90+CD45RA-. At which stage of maturation the further differentiation is blocked, determines the type of leukaemia, and determines the immunophenotype of the LSC specific to the leukaemia type. No apparent LSC phenotype has been described in lymphoid leukaemia, and it is debated if a specific acute lymphocytic leukaemia-initiating cell is present, as all cells are capable of engraftment in a secondary mouse model. In chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, a B-cell clone is responsible for uncontrolled proliferation, not a specific LSC. In chronic and acute myeloid leukaemia, LSC is described as CD34+CD38- with the expression of a marker that is aberrantly expressed (LSC marker), such as CD45RA, CD123 or in the case of chronic myeloid leukaemia CD26. In acute myeloid leukaemia, the LSC load had prognostic relevance and might be a biomarker that can be used for monitoring and as an addition to measurable residual disease. However, challenges such as the CD34-negative immunophenotype need to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Reuvekamp
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC Location Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Costa Bachas
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Cloos
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Row C, Lechevalier N, Vial JP, Mimoun A, Bastie JN, Lafon I, Pigneux A, Leguay T, Callanan M, Maynadie M, Béné MC, Dumas PY, Guy J. Prognostic value of postinduction medullary myeloid recovery by flow cytometry in acute myeloid leukemia. EJHAEM 2024; 5:84-92. [PMID: 38406512 PMCID: PMC10887270 DOI: 10.1002/jha2.822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Risk stratification and treatment response evaluation are key features in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) management. Immunophenotypic and molecular approaches all rely on the detection of persisting leukemic cells by measurable residual disease techniques. A new approach is proposed here by assessing medullary myeloid maturation by flow cytometry through a myeloid progenitor ratio (MPR). The normal MPR range was defined using reference normal bone marrows (n = 48). MPR was considered balanced if between 1 and 4 and unbalanced if < 1 or > 4. MPR was retrospectively assessed at baseline and post-induction for 206 newly diagnosed AML patients eligible for intensive treatment from two different French centers. All AML baseline MPR were unbalanced and thus significantly different from normal MPR (p < 0.0001). Patients with an unbalanced MPR after induction had worse 3-year overall survival (OS) (44.4% vs. 80.2%, HR, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.81-4.84, p < 0.0001) and 3-year relapse free survival (RFS) (38.7% vs. 64.4%, HR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.39-3.18, p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, postinduction unbalanced MPR was significantly associated with shorter OS and RFS regardless of the European LeukemiaNet 2010 risk stratification or NPM1/FLT3-ITD status. A balanced postinduction MPR conversely conferred favorable outcomes and reflects medullary myeloid recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Row
- Service d'Hématologie BiologiqueCHU de DijonDijonFrance
- University of Burgundy‐ISITE‐BFC‐Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) UMR1231Faculty of MedicineDijonFrance
| | | | | | - Aguirre Mimoun
- Service d'Hématologie BiologiqueCHU de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Jean Noel Bastie
- University of Burgundy‐ISITE‐BFC‐Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) UMR1231Faculty of MedicineDijonFrance
- Service d'Hématologie CliniqueCHU de DijonDijonFrance
| | - Ingrid Lafon
- Service d'Hématologie BiologiqueCHU de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Arnaud Pigneux
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et de Thérapie CellulaireCHU de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Thibaut Leguay
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et de Thérapie CellulaireCHU de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Mary Callanan
- University of Burgundy‐ISITE‐BFC‐Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) UMR1231Faculty of MedicineDijonFrance
| | - Marc Maynadie
- Service d'Hématologie BiologiqueCHU de DijonDijonFrance
- University of Burgundy‐ISITE‐BFC‐Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) UMR1231Faculty of MedicineDijonFrance
| | - Marie C. Béné
- CRCI2NA INSERM UMR 1307 & CNRS UMR 6075 Université de NantesNantesFrance
| | | | - Julien Guy
- Service d'Hématologie BiologiqueCHU de DijonDijonFrance
- University of Burgundy‐ISITE‐BFC‐Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) UMR1231Faculty of MedicineDijonFrance
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Tuan Nguyen T, Lan Anh L, Ha Hong Q, Thi Vinh Do A. CD81 and Its Relationship to Treatment Response in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia at a Hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam. Cureus 2023; 15:e40245. [PMID: 37309539 PMCID: PMC10257809 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has the proliferation of poorly differentiated immature myeloid cells. New studies on immune markers also consider them as one of the factors that affect the prognosis or the patient's ability to respond to drugs. Our study was designed to determine the rate of remission and mortality, and the ability to respond to drugs in newly diagnosed AML patients with positive CD81. METHODS A total of 50 patients diagnosed with AML (excluding acute promyelocytic leukemia) underwent immunophenotyping analysis using flow cytometry. Following the initial diagnosis, the patients received induction therapy, followed by three cycles of consolidation therapy. The patients were then followed up for a period of six months. The treatment efficacy was assessed at two timepoints: on day 28 after the first chemotherapy course and on day 28 after the fourth chemotherapy course. RESULTS Out of the 50 newly diagnosed AML patients, 40 (80%) were found to be CD81 positive. This CD81-positive group had a high mortality rate after the first course of chemotherapy (17.5%) and after the fourth course of chemotherapy (52.5%), while no patients died in the CD81-negative group. The CD81-positive group had a worse drug response rate with 22.5% and 18.2% in CD81 positive group versus 30% and 40% in the CD81-negative group achieving complete remission after the first course and fourth course, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The CD81 immunological marker was found to be highly prevalent among AML patients in Vietnam. Overexpression of CD81 in patients with AML is associated with an unfavorable prognosis, characterized by higher mortality rates and poorer treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Le Lan Anh
- Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, VNM
| | - Quang Ha Hong
- Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, VNM
| | - An Thi Vinh Do
- Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, VNM
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Lewuillon C, Guillemette A, Titah S, Shaik FA, Jouy N, Labiad O, Farfariello V, Laguillaumie MO, Idziorek T, Barthélémy A, Peyrouze P, Berthon C, Tarhan MC, Cheok M, Quesnel B, Lemonnier L, Touil Y. Involvement of ORAI1/SOCE in Human AML Cell Lines and Primary Cells According to ABCB1 Activity, LSC Compartment and Potential Resistance to Ara-C Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105555. [PMID: 35628366 PMCID: PMC9141756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy with a high risk of relapse. This issue is associated with the development of mechanisms leading to drug resistance that are not yet fully understood. In this context, we previously showed the clinical significance of the ATP binding cassette subfamily B-member 1 (ABCB1) in AML patients, namely its association with stemness markers and an overall worth prognosis. Calcium signaling dysregulations affect numerous cellular functions and are associated with the development of the hallmarks of cancer. However, in AML, calcium-dependent signaling pathways remain poorly investigated. With this study, we show the involvement of the ORAI1 calcium channel in store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), the main calcium entry pathway in non-excitable cells, in two representative human AML cell lines (KG1 and U937) and in primary cells isolated from patients. Moreover, our data suggest that in these models, SOCE varies according to the differentiation status, ABCB1 activity level and leukemic stem cell (LSC) proportion. Finally, we present evidence that ORAI1 expression and SOCE amplitude are modulated during the establishment of an apoptosis resistance phenotype elicited by the chemotherapeutic drug Ara-C. Our results therefore suggest ORAI1/SOCE as potential markers of AML progression and drug resistance apparition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Lewuillon
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277—Canther—Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (O.L.); (M.-O.L.); (T.I.); (A.B.); (P.P.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (B.Q.)
| | - Aurélie Guillemette
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277—Canther—Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (O.L.); (M.-O.L.); (T.I.); (A.B.); (P.P.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (B.Q.)
| | - Sofia Titah
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277—Canther—Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (O.L.); (M.-O.L.); (T.I.); (A.B.); (P.P.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (B.Q.)
| | - Faruk Azam Shaik
- Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), F-59000 Lille, France;
- LIMMS/CNRS-IIS IRL2820, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan;
| | - Nathalie Jouy
- UMS 2014/US41 Plateformes Lilloises En Biologie Et Sante, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Ossama Labiad
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277—Canther—Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (O.L.); (M.-O.L.); (T.I.); (A.B.); (P.P.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (B.Q.)
| | - Valerio Farfariello
- Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France;
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Marie-Océane Laguillaumie
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277—Canther—Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (O.L.); (M.-O.L.); (T.I.); (A.B.); (P.P.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (B.Q.)
| | - Thierry Idziorek
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277—Canther—Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (O.L.); (M.-O.L.); (T.I.); (A.B.); (P.P.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (B.Q.)
| | - Adeline Barthélémy
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277—Canther—Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (O.L.); (M.-O.L.); (T.I.); (A.B.); (P.P.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (B.Q.)
| | - Pauline Peyrouze
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277—Canther—Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (O.L.); (M.-O.L.); (T.I.); (A.B.); (P.P.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (B.Q.)
| | - Céline Berthon
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277—Canther—Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (O.L.); (M.-O.L.); (T.I.); (A.B.); (P.P.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (B.Q.)
| | - Mehmet Cagatay Tarhan
- LIMMS/CNRS-IIS IRL2820, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan;
- CNRS, Centrale Lille, Junia, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520—IEMN—Institut d’Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Meyling Cheok
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277—Canther—Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (O.L.); (M.-O.L.); (T.I.); (A.B.); (P.P.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (B.Q.)
| | - Bruno Quesnel
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277—Canther—Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (O.L.); (M.-O.L.); (T.I.); (A.B.); (P.P.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (B.Q.)
| | - Loïc Lemonnier
- Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France;
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- Correspondence: loï (L.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yasmine Touil
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277—Canther—Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (A.G.); (S.T.); (O.L.); (M.-O.L.); (T.I.); (A.B.); (P.P.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (B.Q.)
- Correspondence: loï (L.L.); (Y.T.)
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Joudinaud R, Boyer T. Stem Cells in Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Acute Myeloid Leukemia: First Cousins or Unrelated Entities? Front Oncol 2021; 11:730899. [PMID: 34490124 PMCID: PMC8417738 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.730899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are associated with a significant risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), supported by alterations affecting malignant stem cells. This review focuses on the metabolic, phenotypic and genetic characteristics underlying this dynamic evolution, from myelodysplastic stem cells (MDS-SCs) to leukemic stem cells (LSCs). MDS-SCs are more likely to be derived from healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), whereas LSCs may originate from healthy progenitors, mostly LMPP (lymphoid-primed multipotential progenitors). Moreover, overexpression of CD123 and CLL1 markers by LSCs and MDS-SCs in high risk-MDS [HR-MDS] has led to exciting therapeutic applications. Single-cell sequencing has suggested that clonal evolution in the stem cell compartment was non-linear during MDS initiation and progression to AML, with pre-MDS-SC acquiring distinct additional mutations in parallel, that drive either MDS blast production or AML transformation. In AML and HR-MDS, common metabolic alterations have been identified in malignant stem cells, including activation of the protein machinery and dependence on oxidative phosphorylation. Targeting these metabolic abnormalities could prevent HR-MDS from progressing to AML. Strikingly, in low risk-MDS-SC, the expression of ribosomal proteins is decreased, which may be accompanied by a reduction in protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Boyer
- Laboratory of Hematology, University of Amiens, Amiens Hospital, Amiens, France
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Touzet L, Dumezy F, Roumier C, Berthon C, Bories C, Quesnel B, Preudhomme C, Boyer T. CD9 in acute myeloid leukemia: Prognostic role and usefulness to target leukemic stem cells. Cancer Med 2019; 8:1279-1288. [PMID: 30740913 PMCID: PMC6434215 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
CD9 is a cell surface protein and belongs to the tetraspanin family. Its role in carcinomagenesis has been widely studied in solid tumors but remains controversial, depending on the cancer type. Although CD9 seems to be associated with unfavorable outcome and disease progression in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), this marker has not yet been studied in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). First, we explored its prognostic role and its association with biological factors in a cohort of 112 AML patients treated with intensive chemotherapy. CD9 was expressed in 40% of AML and was associated with a favorable outcome (event‐free survival and relapse‐free survival) in univariate (P = 0.009 and P = 0.048, respectively) and multivariate (P = 0.004 and P = 0.039, respectively) analyses. Interestingly, CD9 expression was different between the more immature physiologic and AML cells (CD34+CD38−) as it was also expressed in AML on putative leukemic stem cells (LSCs) but not on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Hence, CD9 could be a very relevant marker for minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring in AML based on LSC targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Touzet
- Laboratory of Hematology, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Boyer
- Laboratory of Hematology, CHU Lille, Lille, France
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