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Majumder A. Targeting Homocysteine and Hydrogen Sulfide Balance as Future Therapeutics in Cancer Treatment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1520. [PMID: 37627515 PMCID: PMC10451792 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A high level of homocysteine (Hcy) is associated with oxidative/ER stress, apoptosis, and impairment of angiogenesis, whereas hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been found to reverse this condition. Recent studies have shown that cancer cells need to produce a high level of endogenous H2S to maintain cell proliferation, growth, viability, and migration. However, any novel mechanism that targets this balance of Hcy and H2S production has yet to be discovered or exploited. Cells require homocysteine metabolism via the methionine cycle for nucleotide synthesis, methylation, and reductive metabolism, and this pathway supports the high proliferative rate of cancer cells. Although the methionine cycle favors cancer cells for their survival and growth, this metabolism produces a massive amount of toxic Hcy that somehow cancer cells handle very well. Recently, research showed specific pathways important for balancing the antioxidative defense through H2S production in cancer cells. This review discusses the relationship between Hcy metabolism and the antiapoptotic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic effects of H2S in different cancer types. It also summarizes the historical understanding of targeting antioxidative defense systems, angiogenesis, and other protective mechanisms of cancer cells and the role of H2S production in the genesis, progression, and metastasis of cancer. This review defines a nexus of diet and precision medicine in targeting the delicate antioxidative system of cancer and explores possible future therapeutics that could exploit the Hcy and H2S balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avisek Majumder
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Gao M, Feng N, Zhang M, Ti X, Zuo X. Meta-analysis of the relationship between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C polymorphism and venous thromboembolism in the Caucasian and Asian. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20200860. [PMID: 32614041 PMCID: PMC7352045 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years, it is a highly debated topic that whether methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and A1298C polymorphism could increase susceptibility to venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the Asian and Caucasian. Therefore, we expect to settle that controversy evidentially. Basic methods: Electronic databases (Pubmed, embase, Cochrane library, scopus, OvidSP, Wiley Online library, Springer link, EBSCO, Elsevier Science Direct, Google scholar) without date limitation were searched. Crude odds ratio (OR) along with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated to assess the association quantitatively. Finally, a total of 37 eligible studies were included, containing 31 for MTHFR C677T polymorphism and 6 for MTHFR A1298C polymorphism. The pooled results suggested that MTHFR C677T mutation may increase susceptibility to VTE in reverse recessive model (CC+CT vs TT): OR = 0.68 (0.56, 0.83), reverse dominant model (CC vs CT +TT): OR = 0.82 (0.72, 0.94), heterozygote model (CT vs TT): OR = 0.65 (0.52, 0.81), homozygote model (CC vs TT): OR = 0.73 (0.60, 0.89) and allele model (C vs T): OR = 0.80 (0.71, 0.90). Subgroup analysis about Asian also support that results, but Caucasian group not. In addition, MTHFR A1298C polymorphism may be not related to VTE in all genetic model. The results of meta-analysis indicated that MTHFR C677T polymorphism might increase the risk of VTE, especially in Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University (XiJing Hospital), Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Na Feng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University (XiJing Hospital), Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Meixia Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28, Xianning West Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University (XiJing Hospital), Department of Nursing, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R.China
| | - Xinyu Ti
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University (XiJing Hospital), Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Xiuping Zuo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University (XiJing Hospital), Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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Zhong R, Chen Q, Zhang X, Li M, Zhang X, Lin W. Association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms and lung cancer risk in Chinese people: An updated meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16037. [PMID: 31192962 PMCID: PMC6587590 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms and lung cancer risk in Chinese people has been widely explored; however, the results remain controversial. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between MTHFR gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to lung cancer in Chinese people. OBJECTIVE We performed an updated meta-analysis to investigate the association between MTHFR gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to lung cancer in Chinese people. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, WANFANG database, and CNKI were searched to collect eligible articles. The associations of MTHFR gene polymorphism with lung cancer risk were evaluated by calculating the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and the 95% confidence interval (CI). The dominant, recessive, heterozygous, homozygous, and allelic genetic models were used to calculate the combined ORs. RESULTS A total of 16 eligible studies were identified in the present meta-analysis. Evidence from the pooled results indicated a significant association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and lung cancer susceptibility in Chinese people under the dominant, recessive, homozygous and allelic genetic models (T vs C: OR = 1.252, 95% CI, 1.090-1.437; TT vs CC: OR = 1.741, 95% CI, 1.252-2.420. (TT + CT) vs CC: OR = 1.227, 95% CI, 1.030-1.426. TT vs (CT + CC): OR = 1.606, 95% CI, 1.207-2.137). CONCLUSION The present updated meta-analysis demonstrated that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism was significantly associated with susceptibility to lung cancer in Chinese people. Additional case-control studies with large sample sizes are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qingling Chen
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, Ji Lin, China
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Tong W, Tong G, Jin D, Lv Q. MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms and lung cancer risk in a female Chinese population. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:4155-4161. [PMID: 30323671 PMCID: PMC6175546 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s176263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the relationship between polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene and susceptibility to lung cancer in a female Chinese population. Method A hospital-based case-control study of 388 cases and 388 controls was conducted. Two polymorphisms in MTHFR were detected using TaqMan methods. Results The MTHFR C677T polymorphism was associated with the risk of lung cancer and lung adenocarcinoma. Carriers with the TT genotype of C677T were observed to have an increased risk of lung cancer and lung adenocarcinoma (the ORs were 1.550 and 1.588, respectively). By contrast, the A1298C polymorphism had a negative relationship with the risk of lung cancer and lung adenocarcinoma; compared with the AA genotype carriers, the CC genotype carriers had a lower risk of lung cancer and adenocarcinoma in the female Chinese population (ORs were 0.302 and 0.215, respectively). In the stratified analyses, we observed only the A1298C polymorphism in the CC genotype carriers with a statistically significant reduction in the risk of non-small-cell lung cancer, compared to the AA genotype carriers. No significant statistical association was found between the MTHFR gene polymorphisms and risk of the residual subtype of lung cancer. Conclusion This study provides evidence that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism may contribute to the development of lung cancer and lung adenocarcinoma in a female Chinese population. However, the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism may be associated with the decreasing risk of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Tong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Tong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyan Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingjie Lv
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China,
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Lv H, Hu SY, Du ZZ, Zhai Z, Cao L, Sun YN, Lu J, Li J, He HL, Chai YH, Wang Y. Gene polymorphisms in the folate metabolic pathway and risk of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case-control study in a Chinese population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:1724-1731. [PMID: 31938276 PMCID: PMC6958122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in folate pathway genes may influence susceptibility to pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This case-control study was undertaken to analyze the association of genetic polymorphisms (677C>T and 1298A>C) of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and reduced folate carrier (RFC1) (80G>A) with the risk of pediatric ALL in China. A total of 176 pediatric ALL patients and 170 matched healthy subjects (as controls) were included and DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood. SNaPshot single nucleotide polymorphism typing was used to determine the genotypes of MTHFR 677C>T, MTHFR 1298A>C, and RFC1 80G>A. All statistical analyses were conducted with SAS software (version 9.2; SAS Institute). There were no significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies of MTHFR 677C>T, MTHFR 1298A>C, or RFC1 80G>A between patients and controls. No significant correlation was found between the combined genotypes of these polymorphisms and the risk of developing ALL in this study. Furthermore, no significant differences were observed for 677C>T and 1298A>C frequencies between the control and case groups. There was no association between MTHFR 677C>T, MTHFR 1298A>C, or RFC1 80G>A gene polymorphisms and risk of pediatric ALL in the Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lv
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shao-Yan Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhi-Zuo Du
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zong Zhai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lan Cao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi-Na Sun
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hai-Long He
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi-Huan Chai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
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Stumbryte A, Gudleviciene Z, Kundrotas G, Dabkeviciene D, Kunickaite A, Cicenas S. Individual and combined effect of TP53, MDM2, MDM4, MTHFR, CCR5, and CASP8 gene polymorphisms in lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 9:3214-3229. [PMID: 29423041 PMCID: PMC5790458 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the second common and with the highest mortality oncological disease. Specific biomarkers for its diagnostics, treatment, and prognosis are still under the investigations. Aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between the polymorphisms of TP53 pathway genes TP53, MDM2, MDM4, the polymorphisms of HPV-associated genes MTHFR, CASP8, CCR5, and HPV infection with survival of LC patients. SNPs were genotyped using PCR-RFLP. qRT-PCR was used to detect, identify, and quantify HPV. No statistically significant differences were detected between individual SNPs and patient survival with stage I-IV LC. Cluster analysis of SNPs in genes MDM4 A/A, CCR5 wt/Δ32, MTHFR C/T, MDM2 T/T showed possible association with the worse survival. Patients who were diagnosed with C/T polymorphic variant of gene MTHFR tend not to survive stage III-IV LC (P = .12). There is a tendency between MDM2 gene T/T variant and worse survival of patients diagnosed with late stage LC (P = .11). HPV infection is very rear among LC patients (3 of 92). Overall, there is a link, although statistically insignificant, between specific SNPs and LC patient survival frequency and time, meanwhile the combination of specific SNPs showed a statistically significant measure. In conclusion, we determined statistically significant (P = .04) link between the poor survival of LC patients after surgery and the combination of polymorphic variants C/T of the MTHFR and T/T of the MDM2 genes, whereas individually these SNPs do not show significant relationship with the survival of patients after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ausra Stumbryte
- Biobank, National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania.,Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University Life Sciences Center, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | | | - Daiva Dabkeviciene
- Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University Life Sciences Center, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Agne Kunickaite
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Saulius Cicenas
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania.,Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
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López-Cortés A, Guerrero S, Redal MA, Alvarado AT, Quiñones LA. State of Art of Cancer Pharmacogenomics in Latin American Populations. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E639. [PMID: 28545225 PMCID: PMC5485925 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18060639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, several studies have shown that tumor-related somatic and germline alterations predicts tumor prognosis, drug response and toxicity. Latin American populations present a vast geno-phenotypic diversity due to the great interethnic and interracial mixing. This genetic flow leads to the appearance of complex characteristics that allow individuals to adapt to endemic environments, such as high altitude or extreme tropical weather. These genetic changes, most of them subtle and unexplored, could establish a mutational profile to develop new pharmacogenomic therapies specific for Latin American populations. In this review, we present the current status of research on somatic and germline alterations in Latin America compared to those found in Caucasian and Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés López-Cortés
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial, Quito 170527, Ecuador.
| | - Santiago Guerrero
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain.
| | - María Ana Redal
- Instituto de Fisiopatología y Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Centro de Diagnóstico Molecular, MEDgenomica, Buenos Aires 1000-1499, Argentina.
| | - Angel Tito Alvarado
- Unidad de Bioequivalencia y Medicina Personalizada, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Lima 12, Peru.
| | - Luis Abel Quiñones
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic-Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 70111, Chile.
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Cui JW, Li W, Han FJ, Liu YD. Screening for lung cancer using low-dose computed tomography: concerns about the application in low-risk individuals. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2015. [PMID: 26207215 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2218-6751.2015.02.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has been increasingly accepted as an efficient screening method for high-risk individuals to reduce lung cancer mortality. However, there remains a gap of knowledge in the practical implementation of screening on a larger scale, especially for low-risk individuals. The aim of this study is to initiate discussion through an evidence-based analysis and provide valuable suggestions on LDCT screening for lung cancer in clinical practice. Among previously published randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) is the only one demonstrating positive results in a high-risk population of old age and heavy smokers. It is also shown that the potential harms include false-positive findings, radiation exposure etc., but its magnitude is uncertain. In the meantime, the current risk stratification system is inadequate, and is difficult to define selection criteria. Thus, the efficacy of LDCT in lung cancer screening needs to be confirmed in future trials, and the procedure should not be proposed to individuals without comparable risk to those in the NLST. Furthermore, there is a lack of evidence to support the expansion of LDCT screening to low-risk individuals. Therefore, recommendation of LDCT screening for these patients could be premature in clinical practice although some of them might be missed based on current definition of risk factors. Further studies and advances in risk assessment tools are urgently needed to address the concerns about lung cancer screening in order to improve the outcomes of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu-Wei Cui
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Fu-Jun Han
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yu-Di Liu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism: epidemiology, metabolism and the associated diseases. Eur J Med Genet 2014; 58:1-10. [PMID: 25449138 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism is associated with various diseases (vascular, cancers, neurology, diabetes, psoriasis, etc) with the epidemiology of the polymorphism of the C677T that varies dependent on the geography and ethnicity. The 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) locus is mapped on chromosome 1 at the end of the short arm (1p36.6). This enzyme is important for the folate metabolism which is an integral process for cell metabolism in the DNA, RNA and protein methylation. The mutation of the MTHFR gene which causes the C677T polymorphism is located at exon 4 which results in the conversion of valine to alanine at codon 222, a common polymorphism that reduces the activity of this enzyme. The homozygous mutated subjects have higher homocysteine levels while the heterozygous mutated subjects have mildly raised homocysteine levels compared with the normal, non-mutated controls. Hyperhomocysteinemia is an emerging risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases and with the increasing significance of this polymorphism in view of the morbidity and mortality impact on the patients, further prevention strategies and nutritional recommendations with the supplementation of vitamin B12 and folic acid which reduces plasma homocysteine level would be necessary as part of future health education. This literature review therefore focuses on the recent evidence-based reports on the associations of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and the various diseases globally.
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