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Traunero A, Baldo F, Magnolato A, Di Leo G, Barbi E, Bruno I. Administration of bicarbonates through percutaneous gastrostomy with continuous nocturnal infusion in a patient with Kearns-Sayre disease: a life changing therapeutical paradigm. Ital J Pediatr 2024; 50:132. [PMID: 39075568 PMCID: PMC11288117 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-024-01696-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial diseases (MDs) are systemic disorders that can affect multiple organs. Renal manifestations, including renal tubular acidosis, are common because kidneys are particularly vulnerable to energy deprivation. Treatment of MDs is often complex and electrolyte replacement can be difficult especially in pediatric patients, because large and repeated amounts of oral supplements are needed but are not well tolerated. CASE PRESENTATION We describe the case of a girl affected by Kearns-Sayre disease with severe renal tubular acidosis. The management of her metabolic acidosis was challenging because she showed persistent low levels of serum bicarbonates despite a progressive incrementation of oral bicarbonates. Furthermore, as a result to the ingestion of large amounts of alkali, the girl developed an aversion to oral supplementation. After positioning a percutaneous gastrostomy (PEG) and starting enteral administration of bicarbonates (with daily boluses and continuous nocturnal infusion), she finally obtained an adequate electrolyte control, with a significant increase in her quality of life. CONCLUSIONS In MDs, the combination of nocturnal continuous enteral administration of alkali plus diurnal boluses may represent a valid solution to correct metabolic acidosis. It can also result in an improved patients' quality of life, particularly in pediatric settings, where compliance to oral therapy is often lacking due to the large and repeated amounts of unpalatable bicarbonates solutions required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Traunero
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Francesco Baldo
- Institute for Maternal and Child IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Magnolato
- Institute for Maternal and Child IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Grazia Di Leo
- Institute for Maternal and Child IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Egidio Barbi
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Irene Bruno
- Institute for Maternal and Child IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
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Sun L, Ren Y, Ma Y, Zhu Y, Wu Y, Wang S, Nie L, Xiao H, Jiang Y, Wang F. A de novo novel variant in the MT-TD gene is associated with prominent extra-neurologic manifestations. Clin Genet 2024. [PMID: 39056263 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Defects in the mitochondrial tRNA genes cause a group of highly clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders, which poses a challenge for clinical identification and genetic diagnosis. Here, we present a pre-school boy with a novel MT-TD variant m.7560T>C at the heteroplasmy level of 76.53% in blood, 93.34% in urine sediments, and absent in the healthy mother's blood and urine. Besides convulsions, brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities and high plasma lactate, the boy presented with the prominent extra-neurologic phenotype including steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome associated with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis characterized by abnormal mitochondria in podocytes, cortical blindness, and pancreatitis. To our knowledge, this is the unique case with MT-TD m.7560T>C-related multi-organ impairments, which expands the phenotypic and mutational spectrum of primary mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyu Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Ren
- Department of Electron Microscopy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinan Ma
- Experimental Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Suxia Wang
- Department of Electron Microscopy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Nie
- Department of Electron Microscopy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijie Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwu Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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3
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Swart G, Fraser CL, Shingde M, Thompson EO, Mallawaarachchi A, Lawlor M, Ahmad K, Halmagyi GM. Mitochondrial DNA 13513G>A Mutation Causing Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Associated With Adult-Onset Renal Failure. J Neuroophthalmol 2024; 44:190-194. [PMID: 37477990 DOI: 10.1097/wno.0000000000001946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is one of the more common mitochondrial diseases and is rarely associated with mitochondrial renal disease. We report 3 unrelated patients with a background of adult-onset renal failure who presented to us with LHON and were shown to have a heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA mutation (m.13513G>A). METHODS Retrospective chart review. RESULTS All 3 patients had a background of chronic renal failure and presented to us with bilateral optic neuropathy (sequential in 2) and were found to have heteroplasmic m.13513G>A mutations in the MT-ND5 gene. Two of the patients were females (aged 30 and 45 years) with chronic kidney disease from their 20s, attributed to pre-eclampsia, one of whom also had diabetes and sudden bilateral hearing loss. One patient was a male (aged 54 years) with chronic kidney disease from his 20s attributed to IgA nephropathy. His mother had diabetes and apparently sudden bilateral blindness in her 70s. Renal biopsy findings were variable and included interstitial fibrosis, acute tubular necrosis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and IgA/C3 tubular casts on immunofluorescence. Mild improvements in vision followed treatment with either idebenone or a combination supplement including coenzyme Q10, alpha-lipoic acid, and B vitamins. CONCLUSIONS Our cases expand the clinical syndromes associated with m.13513G>A to include bilateral optic neuropathy and adult-onset renal disease. This highlights that in patients with bilateral, especially sequential, optic neuropathy a broad approach to mitochondrial testing is more useful than a limited LHON panel. Mitochondrial diseases present a diagnostic challenge because of their clinical and genetic variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Swart
- Neurology Department (GS, GMH), Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Save Sight Institute (CLF), Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney Australia; Pathology Department (MS), Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Radiology Department (EOT), Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Medical Genomics Department (AM), Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Ophthalmology Department (ML), Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Neurology Department (KA), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; and Central Clinical School (GMH), Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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4
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Gefen AM, Zaritsky JJ. Review of childhood genetic nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis. Front Genet 2024; 15:1381174. [PMID: 38606357 PMCID: PMC11007102 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1381174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Nephrolithiasis (NL) is a common condition worldwide. The incidence of NL and nephrocalcinosis (NC) has been increasing, along with their associated morbidity and economic burden. The etiology of NL and NC is multifactorial and includes both environmental components and genetic components, with multiple studies showing high heritability. Causative gene variants have been detected in up to 32% of children with NL and NC. Children with NL and NC are genotypically heterogenous, but often phenotypically relatively homogenous, and there are subsequently little data on the predictors of genetic childhood NL and NC. Most genetic diseases associated with NL and NC are secondary to hypercalciuria, including those secondary to hypercalcemia, renal phosphate wasting, renal magnesium wasting, distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA), proximal tubulopathies, mixed or variable tubulopathies, Bartter syndrome, hyperaldosteronism and pseudohyperaldosteronism, and hyperparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism. The remaining minority of genetic diseases associated with NL and NC are secondary to hyperoxaluria, cystinuria, hyperuricosuria, xanthinuria, other metabolic disorders, and multifactorial etiologies. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in adults have identified multiple polygenic traits associated with NL and NC, often involving genes that are involved in calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin D homeostasis. Compared to adults, there is a relative paucity of studies in children with NL and NC. This review aims to focus on the genetic component of NL and NC in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M. Gefen
- Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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5
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DiKun KM, Tang XH, Fu L, Choi ME, Lu C, Gudas LJ. Retinoic acid receptor α activity in proximal tubules prevents kidney injury and fibrosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2311803121. [PMID: 38330015 PMCID: PMC10873609 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311803121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by a gradual loss of kidney function and affects ~13.4% of the global population. Progressive tubulointerstitial fibrosis, driven in part by proximal tubule (PT) damage, is a hallmark of late stages of CKD and contributes to the development of kidney failure, for which there are limited treatment options. Normal kidney development requires signaling by vitamin A (retinol), which is metabolized to retinoic acid (RA), an endogenous agonist for the RA receptors (RARα, β, γ). RARα levels are decreased in a mouse model of diabetic nephropathy and restored with RA administration; additionally, RA treatment reduced fibrosis. We developed a mouse model in which a spatiotemporal (tamoxifen-inducible) deletion of RARα in kidney PT cells of adult mice causes mitochondrial dysfunction, massive PT injury, and apoptosis without the use of additional nephrotoxic substances. Long-term effects (3 to 4.5 mo) of RARα deletion include increased PT secretion of transforming growth factor β1, inflammation, interstitial fibrosis, and decreased kidney function, all of which are major features of human CKD. Therefore, RARα's actions in PTs are crucial for PT homeostasis, and loss of RARα causes injury and a key CKD phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krysta M. DiKun
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY10065
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY10065
| | - Xiao-Han Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY10065
| | - Leiping Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY10065
| | - Mary E. Choi
- New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY10065
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10065
| | | | - Lorraine J. Gudas
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY10065
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY10065
- Department of Urology, New York, NY10065
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6
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Ali A, Esmaeil A, Behbehani R. Mitochondrial Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia. Brain Sci 2024; 14:135. [PMID: 38391710 PMCID: PMC10887352 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) is a rare disorder that can be at the forefront of several mitochondrial diseases. This review overviews mitochondrial CPEO encephalomyopathies to enhance accurate recognition and diagnosis for proper management. METHODS This study is conducted based on publications and guidelines obtained by selective review in PubMed. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials, Cochrane reviews, and literature meta-analyses were particularly sought. DISCUSSION CPEO is a common presentation of mitochondrial encephalomyopathies, which can result from alterations in mitochondrial or nuclear DNA. Genetic sequencing is the gold standard for diagnosing mitochondrial encephalomyopathies, preceded by non-invasive tests such as fibroblast growth factor-21 and growth differentiation factor-15. More invasive options include a muscle biopsy, which can be carried out after uncertain diagnostic testing. No definitive treatment option is available for mitochondrial diseases, and management is mainly focused on lifestyle risk modification and supplementation to reduce mitochondrial load and symptomatic relief, such as ptosis repair in the case of CPEO. Nevertheless, various clinical trials and endeavors are still at large for achieving beneficial therapeutic outcomes for mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. KEY MESSAGES Understanding the varying presentations and genetic aspects of mitochondrial CPEO is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ali
- Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, Ibn Sina Hospital, Al-Bahar Ophthalmology Center, Kuwait City 70035, Kuwait
| | - Ali Esmaeil
- Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, Ibn Sina Hospital, Al-Bahar Ophthalmology Center, Kuwait City 70035, Kuwait
| | - Raed Behbehani
- Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, Ibn Sina Hospital, Al-Bahar Ophthalmology Center, Kuwait City 70035, Kuwait
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7
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Ferreira F, Gonçalves Bacelar C, Lisboa-Gonçalves P, Paulo N, Quental R, Nunes AT, Silva R, Tavares I. Renal manifestations in adults with mitochondrial disease from the mtDNA m.3243A>G pathogenic variant. Nefrologia 2023; 43 Suppl 2:1-7. [PMID: 38355238 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a phenotype and genotype heterogeneous group of disorders that typically have a multisystemic involvement. The m.3243A>G pathogenic variant is the most frequent mitochondrial DNA defect, and it causes several different clinical syndromes, such as mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), and the maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) syndromes. Not frequently reported, renal involvement in these diseases is probably underestimated, yet it increases morbidity. It generally manifests as subnephrotic proteinuria and progressive deterioration of kidney function. Adult presentation of mitochondrial diseases is hard to recognize, especially in oligosymptomatic patients or those with exclusive kidney involvement. However, suspicion should always arise when family history, particularly on the maternal side, and multisystemic symptoms, most often of the central nervous system and skeletal muscles, are present. In this review we discuss the clinical diagnosis and approach of patients with renal manifestations in the context of the mtDNA m.3243A>G pathogenic variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Ferreira
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | | | - Pedro Lisboa-Gonçalves
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Núria Paulo
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Quental
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Teresa Nunes
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal; Grupo de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Nefrologia e Doenças Infeciosas, I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Roberto Silva
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Tavares
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Grupo de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Nefrologia e Doenças Infeciosas, I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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8
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DiKun KM, Gudas LJ. Vitamin A and retinoid signaling in the kidneys. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 248:108481. [PMID: 37331524 PMCID: PMC10528136 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin A (VA, retinol) and its metabolites (commonly called retinoids) are required for the proper development of the kidney during embryogenesis, but retinoids also play key roles in the function and repair of the kidney in adults. Kidneys filter 180-200 liters of blood per day and each kidney contains approximately 1 million nephrons, which are often referred to as the 'functional units' of the kidney. Each nephron consists of a glomerulus and a series of tubules (proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule, and collecting duct) surrounded by a network of capillaries. VA is stored in the liver and converted to active metabolites, most notably retinoic acid (RA), which acts as an agonist for the retinoic acid receptors ((RARs α, β, and γ) to regulate gene transcription. In this review we discuss some of the actions of retinoids in the kidney after injury. For example, in an ischemia-reperfusion model in mice, injury-associated loss of proximal tubule (PT) differentiation markers occurs, followed by re-expression of these differentiation markers during PT repair. Notably, healthy proximal tubules express ALDH1a2, the enzyme that metabolizes retinaldehyde to RA, but transiently lose ALDH1a2 expression after injury, while nearby myofibroblasts transiently acquire RA-producing capabilities after injury. These results indicate that RA is important for renal tubular injury repair and that compensatory mechanisms exist for the generation of endogenous RA by other cell types upon proximal tubule injury. ALDH1a2 levels also increase in podocytes, epithelial cells of the glomeruli, after injury, and RA promotes podocyte differentiation. We also review the ability of exogenous, pharmacological doses of RA and receptor selective retinoids to treat numerous kidney diseases, including kidney cancer and diabetic kidney disease, and the emerging genetic evidence for the importance of retinoids and their receptors in maintaining or restoring kidney function after injury. In general, RA has a protective effect on the kidney after various types of injuries (eg. ischemia, cytotoxic actions of chemicals, hyperglycemia related to diabetes). As more research into the actions of each of the three RARs in the kidney is carried out, a greater understanding of the actions of vitamin A is likely to lead to new insights into the pathology of kidney disorders and the development of new therapies for kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krysta M DiKun
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorraine J Gudas
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA.
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9
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Kizhakkedath P, AlDhaheri W, Baydoun I, Tabouni M, John A, Almansoori TM, Al-Turki S, Al-Jasmi F, Alblooshi H. Case report: Birk-Landau-Perez syndrome linked to the SLC30A9 gene-identification of additional cases and expansion of the phenotypic spectrum. Front Genet 2023; 14:1219514. [PMID: 37576556 PMCID: PMC10414535 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1219514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Birk-Landau-Perez syndrome (BILAPES) is an autosomal recessive cerebro-renal syndrome associated with genetic defects in the SLC30A9 gene, initially reported in 2017 in six individuals belonging to a large Bedouin kindred. The SLC30A9 gene encodes a putative mitochondrial zinc transporter with ubiquitous expression, the highest found in the brain, kidney, and skeletal muscle. Since the first report, only one additional affected patient has been described, but there were some inconsistencies, such as hearing loss, failure to thrive, and neuroimaging findings between the clinical presentation of the disease in the Bedouin family and the second patient. Here, we present two more patients from a consanguineous Middle Eastern family with features of chronic kidney disease, neurodevelopmental regression, ataxia, hearing loss, and eye abnormalities, which were largely consistent with BILAPES. Whole-exome sequencing detected a homozygous in-frame deletion c.1049_1051delCAG (p.Ala350del) in the SLC30A9 gene, which was the same variant detected in the patients from the primary literature report and the variant segregated with disease in the family. However, in the patients described here, brain MRI showed cerebellar atrophy, which was not a cardinal feature of the syndrome from the primary report. Our findings provide further evidence for SLC30A9-associated BILAPES and contribute to defining the clinical spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praseetha Kizhakkedath
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Watfa AlDhaheri
- Department of Pediatrics, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ibrahim Baydoun
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Tabouni
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anne John
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Taleb M. Almansoori
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saeed Al-Turki
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatma Al-Jasmi
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pediatrics, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hiba Alblooshi
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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10
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Averina OA, Permyakov OA, Emelianova MA, Guseva EA, Grigoryeva OO, Lovat ML, Egorova AE, Grinchenko AV, Kumeiko VV, Marey MV, Manskikh VN, Dontsova OA, Vyssokikh MY, Sergiev PV. Kidney-Related Function of Mitochondrial Protein Mitoregulin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109106. [PMID: 37240452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A small protein, Mitoregulin (Mtln), localizes in mitochondria and contributes to oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism. Mtln knockout mice develop obesity on a high-fat diet, demonstrating elevated cardiolipin damage and suboptimal creatine kinase oligomerization in muscle tissue. Kidneys heavily depend on the oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. Here we report kidney-related phenotypes in aged Mtln knockout mice. Similar to Mtln knockout mice muscle mitochondria, those of the kidney demonstrate a decreased respiratory complex I activity and excessive cardiolipin damage. Aged male mice carrying Mtln knockout demonstrated an increased frequency of renal proximal tubules' degeneration. At the same time, a decreased glomerular filtration rate has been more frequently detected in aged female mice devoid of Mtln. An amount of Mtln partner protein, Cyb5r3, is drastically decreased in the kidneys of Mtln knockout mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Averina
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg A Permyakov
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mariia A Emelianova
- Center for Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 143025 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Guseva
- Center for Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 143025 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga O Grigoryeva
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim L Lovat
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Mitoengineering MSU, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna E Egorova
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Andrei V Grinchenko
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Vadim V Kumeiko
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Maria V Marey
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I.Kulakov, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily N Manskikh
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Mitoengineering MSU, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga A Dontsova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Center for Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 143025 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Y Vyssokikh
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I.Kulakov, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Petr V Sergiev
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Center for Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 143025 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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11
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Dubucs C, Aziza J, Sartor A, Heitz F, Sevely A, Sternberg D, Jardel C, Cavallé-Garrido T, Albrecht S, Bernard C, De Bie I, Chassaing N. Severe Antenatal Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Secondary to ACAD9-Related Mitochondrial Complex I Deficiency. Mol Syndromol 2023; 14:101-108. [PMID: 37064341 PMCID: PMC10091013 DOI: 10.1159/000526022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Antenatal presentation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is rare. We describe familial recurrence of antenatal HCM associated with intrauterine growth restriction and the diagnostic process undertaken. Methods Two pregnancies with antenatal HCM were followed up. Biological assessment including metabolic analyses, genetic analyses, and respiratory chain study was performed. We describe the clinical course of these two pregnancies, antenatal manifestations as well as specific histopathological findings, and review the literature. Results The assessment revealed a deficiency in complex I of the respiratory chain and two likely pathogenic variations in the ACAD9 gene. Discussion and Conclusion Antenatal HCM is rare and a diagnosis is not always made. In pregnancies presenting with cardiomyopathy and intrauterine growth restriction, ACAD9 deficiency should be considered as one of the potential underlying diagnoses, and ACAD9 molecular testing should be included among other prenatal investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Dubucs
- Département d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jacqueline Aziza
- Département d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Agnès Sartor
- Service d'Échographie Prénatale, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - François Heitz
- Service d'Échocardiographie, Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France
| | - Annick Sevely
- Service de Neuroradiologie, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Damien Sternberg
- Service de Biochimie Métabolique, Centre de génétique moléculaire et chromosomique, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Claude Jardel
- Service de Biochimie Métabolique, Centre de génétique moléculaire et chromosomique, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Tiscar Cavallé-Garrido
- Division of Paediatric Cardiology, Department of Paediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Steffen Albrecht
- Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Chantal Bernard
- Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Isabelle De Bie
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Specialized Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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12
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Alshammari GM, Al-Ayed MS, Abdelhalim MA, Al-Harbi LN, Yahya MA. Effects of Antioxidant Combinations on the Renal Toxicity Induced Rats by Gold Nanoparticles. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041879. [PMID: 36838869 PMCID: PMC9959587 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated some possible mechanisms underlying the nephrotoxic effect of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in rats and compared the protective effects of selected known antioxidants-namely, melanin, quercetin (QUR), and α-lipoic acid (α-LA). Rats were divided into five treatment groups (eight rats per group): control, AuNPs (50 nm), AuNPs + melanin (100 mg/kg), AuNPs + QUR (200 mg/kg), and AuNPs + α-LA (200 mg/kg). All treatments were administered i.p., daily, for 30 days. AuNPs promoted renal glomerular and tubular damage and impaired kidney function, as indicated by the higher serum levels of creatinine (Cr), urinary flow, and urea and albumin/Cr ratio. They also induced oxidative stress by promoting mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mtPTP) opening, the expression of NOX4, increasing levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and suppressing glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). In addition, AuNPs induced renal inflammation and apoptosis, as evidenced by the increase in the total mRNA and the cytoplasmic and nuclear levels of NF-κB, mRNA levels of Bax and caspase-3, and levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Treatment with melanin, QUR, and α-lipoic acid (α-LA) prevented the majority of these renal damage effects of AuNPs and improved kidney structure and function, with QUR being the most powerful. In conclusion, in rats, AuNPs impair kidney function by provoking oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis by suppressing antioxidants, promoting mitochondrial uncoupling, activating NF-κB, and upregulating NOX4. However, QUR remains the most powerful drug to alleviate this toxicity by reversing all of these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghedeir M. Alshammari
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohammed S. Al-Ayed
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Anwar Abdelhalim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Naif Al-Harbi
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdo Yahya
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Popoiu TA, Dudek J, Maack C, Bertero E. Cardiac Involvement in Mitochondrial Disorders. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2023; 20:76-87. [PMID: 36802007 PMCID: PMC9977856 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-023-00592-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We review pathophysiology and clinical features of mitochondrial disorders manifesting with cardiomyopathy. RECENT FINDINGS Mechanistic studies have shed light into the underpinnings of mitochondrial disorders, providing novel insights into mitochondrial physiology and identifying new therapeutic targets. Mitochondrial disorders are a group of rare genetic diseases that are caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or in nuclear genes that are essential to mitochondrial function. The clinical picture is extremely heterogeneous, the onset can occur at any age, and virtually, any organ or tissue can be involved. Since the heart relies primarily on mitochondrial oxidative metabolism to fuel contraction and relaxation, cardiac involvement is common in mitochondrial disorders and often represents a major determinant of their prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tudor-Alexandru Popoiu
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
- "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Jan Dudek
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Maack
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Edoardo Bertero
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Wurzburg, Germany.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.M.I.), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
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14
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Di Camillo B, Puricelli L, Iori E, Toffolo GM, Tessari P, Arrigoni G. Modeling SILAC Data to Assess Protein Turnover in a Cellular Model of Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032811. [PMID: 36769128 PMCID: PMC9917874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein turnover rate is finely regulated through intracellular mechanisms and signals that are still incompletely understood but that are essential for the correct function of cellular processes. Indeed, a dysfunctional proteostasis often impacts the cell's ability to remove unfolded, misfolded, degraded, non-functional, or damaged proteins. Thus, altered cellular mechanisms controlling protein turnover impinge on the pathophysiology of many diseases, making the study of protein synthesis and degradation rates an important step for a more comprehensive understanding of these pathologies. In this manuscript, we describe the application of a dynamic-SILAC approach to study the turnover rate and the abundance of proteins in a cellular model of diabetic nephropathy. We estimated protein half-lives and relative abundance for thousands of proteins, several of which are characterized by either an altered turnover rate or altered abundance between diabetic nephropathic subjects and diabetic controls. Many of these proteins were previously shown to be related to diabetic complications and represent therefore, possible biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Beside the aspects strictly related to the pathological condition, our data also represent a consistent compendium of protein half-lives in human fibroblasts and a rich source of important information related to basic cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Di Camillo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (B.D.C.); (G.A.)
| | - Lucia Puricelli
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Iori
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Gianna Maria Toffolo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Tessari
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (B.D.C.); (G.A.)
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15
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Guan N, Kobayashi H, Ishii K, Davidoff O, Sha F, Ikizler TA, Hao CM, Chandel NS, Haase VH. Disruption of mitochondrial complex III in cap mesenchyme but not in ureteric progenitors results in defective nephrogenesis associated with amino acid deficiency. Kidney Int 2022; 102:108-120. [PMID: 35341793 PMCID: PMC9232975 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative metabolism in mitochondria regulates cellular differentiation and gene expression through intermediary metabolites and reactive oxygen species. Its role in kidney development and pathogenesis is not completely understood. Here we inactivated ubiquinone-binding protein QPC, a subunit of mitochondrial complex III, in two types of kidney progenitor cells to investigate the role of mitochondrial electron transport in kidney homeostasis. Inactivation of QPC in sine oculis-related homeobox 2 (SIX2)-expressing cap mesenchyme progenitors, which give rise to podocytes and all nephron segments except collecting ducts, resulted in perinatal death from severe kidney dysplasia. This was characterized by decreased proliferation of SIX2 progenitors and their failure to differentiate into kidney epithelium. QPC inactivation in cap mesenchyme progenitors induced activating transcription factor 4-mediated nutritional stress responses and was associated with a reduction in kidney tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites and amino acid levels, which negatively impacted purine and pyrimidine synthesis. In contrast, QPC inactivation in ureteric tree epithelial cells, which give rise to the kidney collecting system, did not inhibit ureteric differentiation, and resulted in the development of functional kidneys that were smaller in size. Thus, our data demonstrate that mitochondrial oxidative metabolism is critical for the formation of cap mesenchyme-derived nephron segments but dispensable for formation of the kidney collecting system. Hence, our studies reveal compartment-specific needs for metabolic reprogramming during kidney development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Guan
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital and Nephrology Research Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Hanako Kobayashi
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ken Ishii
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Olena Davidoff
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Feng Sha
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Talat A Ikizler
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Chuan-Ming Hao
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital and Nephrology Research Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Volker H Haase
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Section of Integrative Physiology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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16
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Barone V, La Morgia C, Caporali L, Fiorini C, Carbonelli M, Gramegna LL, Bartiromo F, Tonon C, Morandi L, Liguori R, Petrini A, Brugnano R, Del Sordo R, Covarelli C, Morroni M, Lodi R, Carelli V. Case Report: Optic Atrophy and Nephropathy With m.13513G>A/MT-ND5 mtDNA Pathogenic Variant. Front Genet 2022; 13:887696. [PMID: 35719398 PMCID: PMC9204033 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.887696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated complex I deficiency represents the most common mitochondrial respiratory chain defect involved in mitochondrial disorders. Among these, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) m.13513G>A pathogenic variant in the NADH dehydrogenase 5 subunit gene (MT-ND5) has been associated with heterogenous manifestations, including phenotypic overlaps of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes, Leigh syndrome, and Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). Interestingly, this specific mutation has been recently described in patients with adult-onset nephropathy. We, here, report the unique combination of LHON, nephropathy, sensorineural deafness, and subcortical and cerebellar atrophy in association with the m.13513G>A variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Barone
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara La Morgia
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Leonardo Caporali
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Fiorini
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Carbonelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Ludovica Gramegna
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fiorina Bartiromo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Caterina Tonon
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Morandi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rocco Liguori
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aurelia Petrini
- Nephrology Division, “S. Giovanni Battista Nuovo” Hospital, Foligno, Italy
| | - Rachele Brugnano
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rachele Del Sordo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Anatomic Pathology and Hystology, Medical School, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Carla Covarelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Anatomic Pathology and Hystology, Medical School, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Manrico Morroni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Raffaele Lodi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valerio Carelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- *Correspondence: Valerio Carelli,
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17
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Finsterer J. The spectrum of renal abnormalities in mitochondrial disorders is broad. Kidney Int Rep 2022; 7:1722. [PMID: 35812280 PMCID: PMC9263252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Finsterer
- Neurology and Neurophysiology Center, Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: Josef Finsterer, Neurology and Neurophysiology Center, Postfach 20, 1180 Vienna, Austria.
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18
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Aldossary AM, Tawfik EA, Alomary MN, Alsudir SA, Alfahad AJ, Alshehri AA, Almughem FA, Mohammed RY, Alzaydi MM. Recent Advances in Mitochondrial Diseases: from Molecular Insights to Therapeutic Perspectives. Saudi Pharm J 2022; 30:1065-1078. [PMID: 36164575 PMCID: PMC9508646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are double-membraned cytoplasmic organelles that are responsible for the production of energy in eukaryotic cells. The process is completed through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) by the respiratory chain (RC) in mitochondria. Thousands of mitochondria may be present in each cell, depending on the function of that cell. Primary mitochondria disorder (PMD) is a clinically heterogeneous disease associated with germline mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and/or nuclear DNA (nDNA) genes, and impairs mitochondrial structure and function. Mitochondrial dysfunction can be detected in early childhood and may be severe, progressive and often multi-systemic, involving a wide range of organs. Understanding epigenetic factors and pathways mutations can help pave the way for developing an effective cure. However, the lack of information about the disease (including age of onset, symptoms, clinical phenotype, morbidity and mortality), the limits of current preclinical models and the wide range of phenotypic presentations hamper the development of effective medicines. Although new therapeutic approaches have been introduced with encouraging preclinical and clinical outcomes, there is no definitive cure for PMD. This review highlights recent advances, particularly in children, in terms of etiology, pathophysiology, clinical diagnosis, molecular pathways and epigenetic alterations. Current therapeutic approaches, future advances and proposed new therapeutic plans will also be discussed.
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Cai M, Yu Q, Bao J. A case report of mitochondrial myopathy with membranous nephropathy. BMC Nephrol 2022; 23:87. [PMID: 35246049 PMCID: PMC8895630 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-022-02710-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MtDNA 3243 A > G mutation leads to mitochondrial myopathies with predominant hyperlactatemia. Given the ubiquitous nature of mitochondria, cellular dysfunction can also appear in tissues with high metabolic turnover; thus, there can be cardiac, digestive, ophthalmologic, and kidney complications. MtDNA 3243 A > G mutation has been shown to be with renal involvement in the previous cases of which are FSGS and tubularinterstitial nephritis. Case presentation We report a case of patient who had the mitochondrial myopathy with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) 3243 A > G mutation diagnosed membranous nephropathy by kidney biopsy, which was never reported before. Our patient was found to have chest tightness and shortness of breath with hyperlactatemia and was diagnosed mitochondrial myopathy with mtDNA 3243 A > G mutation 11 months ago. Acute kidney injury occurred with hyperuricemia (urid acid 1011umol/L) which may be associated with mtDNA mutation. Since then, persistent proteinuria was also found and the 24-h urine protein quantitative was around 2 g. Kidney biopsy was performed and the result was consistent with membranous nephropathy, with abnormal mitochondria seen in renal tubules by electron microscopy. Conclusions Patients with mitochondrial myopathy could also have renal presentation of membranous nephropathy. Patients with mtDNA mutation may have various renal manifestations so that more attention should be paid on their kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minchao Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100, Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100, Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfang Bao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100, Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Xu S, Hu L, Yang L, Wu B, Cao Y, Zhang R, Xu X, Ma H, Zhou W, Cheng G, Zhang P, Hu L. Galloway-Mowat Syndrome Type 3 Caused by OSGEP Gene Variants: A Case Report and Literature Review. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:899991. [PMID: 35783322 PMCID: PMC9249162 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.899991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galloway-Mowat syndrome type 3 (GAMOS3) is an extremely rare and severe autosomal-recessive disease characterized by early-onset nephrotic syndrome (NS), microcephaly and neurological impairment. Reported GAMOS cases have gradually increased since pathogenic OSGEP variants were identified as the aetiology in 2017. METHODS Using whole-exome sequencing and a data analysis process established by Children's Hospital of Fudan University, the clinical and molecular features of 3 infants with OSGEP mutations were summarized. Literature regarding the clinical features of GAMOS3 caused by OSGEP variants was reviewed. RESULTS Thirty-seven individuals (3 from this study) from 34 families were included. Twenty-two different OSGEP variants were identified. The c.740G>A (p.Arg247Gln) variant in OSGEP was detected in 15 families (44%), all from Asia. Most affected individuals (including patients I and II in this study) showed a typical phenotype, including microcephaly (92%) with brain anomalies (97%), developmental delay (81%), congenital NS (54%), and craniofacial (94%) and skeletal dysmorphism (84%). Renal manifestations varied from proteinuria (94%, median onset = 1.5 months) to NS (83%) and end-stage renal disease (48%, 11 months) during follow-up. Patients with congenital NS had a lower survival probability (median survival time = 3 months) than those without congenital NS (78 months) (P < 0.01, log-rank test). CONCLUSION GAMOS3 is a progressive renal-neurological syndrome with a poor prognosis, especially with congenital NS. Microcephaly with dysmorphic features are vital clues to further evaluate renal impairment and brain anomalies. Timely molecular diagnosis is crucial for clinical decision-making, appropriate treatment and genetic counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhua Xu
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Hu
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Clinical Genetic Center, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingbing Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Cao
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Neonatology, Xiamen Children's Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Department of Neonatology, Zhuhai Women and Children's Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Genetic Center, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqiang Cheng
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyuan Hu
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Nugent JT, Reardon J, Crana C, Greenberg JH, Warejko JK, Goodwin JE. Fanconi syndrome, nephrotic-range proteinuria, and hypoalbuminemia in a newborn-Occam's razor or Hickam's dictum? Answers. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 37:129-132. [PMID: 34633532 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-021-05255-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James T Nugent
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Juliann Reardon
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Christine Crana
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jason H Greenberg
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jillian K Warejko
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julie E Goodwin
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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22
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Teng H, Liang C, Liang D, Li Z, Wu L. Novel variants in OSGEP leading to Galloway-Mowat syndrome by altering its subcellular localization. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 523:297-303. [PMID: 34666032 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is an extremely rare clinically heterogeneous autosomal or X-linked inherited recessive disease characterized by early-onset steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), microcephaly and neurological impairment. In this study, two siblings mainly presenting with decreased head circumference, hypotonia, gross motor delay, and dysmorphic features were initially detected without pathogenic variants by karyotyping, SNP-array and WES. After a 3 year's follow-up, the proband manifested additional proteinuria, hematuria and "deeper sulci" with a sign of brain atrophy. By reanalysis on the proband's previous WES data, two novel compound heterozygous variants of OSGEP (c.133dupA; c.608C > T) were identified. Furthermore, functional studies showed that the variants reduced the expression of OSGEP protein and activated the DNA damage response (DDR) signaling in the lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) obtained from the patient. The analysis of protein localization with confocal microscopy revealed that the EGFP-tagged/HA-tagged mutant OSGEP proteins were abnormal aggregation or retained inside the cytosol, respectively. Our study not only expanded the pathogenic variant spectrum of OSGEP but also carried on regular follow-up for kidney involvement and established a strategy for evaluation on the function of mutant OSGFP by subcellular localization assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Teng
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Desheng Liang
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Lingqian Wu
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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23
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Jabalameli MR, Fitzpatrick FM, Colombo R, Howles SA, Leggatt G, Walker V, Wiberg A, Kunji ERS, Ennis S. Exome sequencing identifies a disease variant of the mitochondrial ATP-Mg/Pi carrier SLC25A25 in two families with kidney stones. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1749. [PMID: 34346195 PMCID: PMC8683635 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium kidney stones are common and recurrences are often not preventable by available empiric remedies. Their etiology is multifactorial and polygenic, and an increasing number of genes are implicated. Their identification will enable improved management. METHODS DNA from three stone-formers in a Southampton family (UK) and two from an Italian family were analyzed independently by whole exome sequencing and selected variants were genotyped across all available members of both pedigrees. A disease variant of SLC25A25 (OMIM 608745), encoding the mitochondrial ATP-Mg/Pi carrier 3 (APC3) was identified, and analyzed structurally and functionally with respect to its calcium-regulated transport activity. RESULTS All five patients had a heterozygous dominant SLC25A25 variant (rs140777921; GRCh37.p13: chr 9 130868670 G>C; p.Gln349His; Reference Sequence NM_001006641.3). Non-stone formers also carried the variant indicating incomplete penetrance. Modeling suggests that the variant lacks a conserved polar interaction, which may cause structural instability. Calcium-regulated ATP transport was reduced to ~20% of the wild type, showing a large reduction in function. CONCLUSION The transporter is important in regulating mitochondrial ATP production. This rare variant may increase urine lithogenicity through impaired provision of ATP for solute transport processes in the kidney, and/or for purinergic signaling. Variants found in other genes may compound this abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Reza Jabalameli
- Department of Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Fiona M Fitzpatrick
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Roberto Colombo
- Faculty of Medicine 'Agostino Gemelli', Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.,Center for the Study of Rare Inherited Diseases, Niguarda Ca´Granda Metropolitan Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Sarah A Howles
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gary Leggatt
- Department of Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Wessex Kidney Centre, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Valerie Walker
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Akira Wiberg
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Edmund R S Kunji
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah Ennis
- Department of Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Forst AL, Reichold M, Kleta R, Warth R. Distinct Mitochondrial Pathologies Caused by Mutations of the Proximal Tubular Enzymes EHHADH and GATM. Front Physiol 2021; 12:715485. [PMID: 34349672 PMCID: PMC8326905 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.715485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondria of the proximal tubule are essential for providing energy in this nephron segment, whose ATP generation is almost exclusively oxygen dependent. In addition, mitochondria are involved in a variety of metabolic processes and complex signaling networks. Proximal tubular mitochondrial dysfunction can therefore affect renal function in very different ways. Two autosomal dominantly inherited forms of renal Fanconi syndrome illustrate how multifaceted mitochondrial pathology can be: Mutation of EHHADH, an enzyme in fatty acid metabolism, results in decreased ATP synthesis and a consecutive transport defect. In contrast, mutations of GATM, an enzyme in the creatine biosynthetic pathway, leave ATP synthesis unaffected but do lead to mitochondrial protein aggregates, inflammasome activation, and renal fibrosis with progressive renal failure. In this review article, the distinct pathophysiological mechanisms of these two diseases are presented, which are examples of the spectrum of proximal tubular mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Lena Forst
- Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Reichold
- Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Robert Kleta
- Centre for Nephrology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Warth
- Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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25
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Tanaka K, Ueno T. Authors' reply to "m.3243A>G carriers develop syndromic or non-syndromic multisystem phenotypes over time". CEN Case Rep 2021; 10:616. [PMID: 33956304 DOI: 10.1007/s13730-021-00608-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Tanaka
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54, Ujinakanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8530, Japan
| | - Toshinori Ueno
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54, Ujinakanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8530, Japan.
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26
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m.3243A>G carriers develop syndromic or non-syndromic multisystem phenotypes over time. CEN Case Rep 2021; 10:614-615. [PMID: 33738674 DOI: 10.1007/s13730-021-00591-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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27
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Marcoux A, Tremblay LE, Slimani S, Fiola M, Mac‐Way F, Garneau AP, Isenring P. Molecular characteristics and physiological roles of Na + -K + -Cl - cotransporter 2. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:1712-1729. [PMID: 32776569 PMCID: PMC7818487 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Na+ -K+ -Cl- cotransporter 2 (NKCC2; SLC12A1) is an integral membrane protein that comes as three splice variants and mediates the cotranslocation of Na+ , K+ , and Cl- ions through the apical membrane of the thick ascending loop of Henle (TALH). In doing so, and through the involvement of other ion transport systems, it allows this nephron segment to reclaim a large fraction of the ultrafiltered Na+ , Cl- , Ca2+ , Mg2+ , and HCO3- loads. The functional relevance of NKCC2 in human is illustrated by the many abnormalities that result from the inactivation of this transport system through the use of loop diuretics or in the setting of inherited disorders. The following presentation aims at discussing the physiological roles and molecular characteristics of Na+ -K+ -Cl- cotransport in the TALH and those of the individual NKCC2 splice variants more specifically. Many of the historical and recent data that have emerged from the experiments conducted will be outlined and their larger meaning will also be placed into perspective with the aid of various hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andree‐Anne Marcoux
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research GroupLaval UniversityQuebec CityQuébecCanada
| | - Laurence E. Tremblay
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research GroupLaval UniversityQuebec CityQuébecCanada
| | - Samira Slimani
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research GroupLaval UniversityQuebec CityQuébecCanada
| | - Marie‐Jeanne Fiola
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research GroupLaval UniversityQuebec CityQuébecCanada
| | - Fabrice Mac‐Way
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research GroupLaval UniversityQuebec CityQuébecCanada
| | - Alexandre P. Garneau
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research GroupLaval UniversityQuebec CityQuébecCanada
- Cardiometabolic Axis, School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity SciencesUniversity of MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Paul Isenring
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research GroupLaval UniversityQuebec CityQuébecCanada
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28
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Ghanbarinejad V, Jamshidzadeh A, Khalvati B, Farshad O, Li H, Shi X, Chen Y, Ommati MM, Heidari R. Apoptosis-inducing factor plays a role in the pathogenesis of hepatic and renal injury during cholestasis. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 394:1191-1203. [PMID: 33527194 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-02041-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cholestasis is a clinical complication with different etiologies. The liver is the primary organ influenced in cholestasis. Renal injury is also a severe clinical complication in cholestatic/cirrhotic patients. Several studies mentioned the importance of oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment as two mechanistically interrelated events in cholestasis-induced organ injury. Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is a flavoprotein located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This molecule is involved in a distinct pathway of cell death. The current study aimed to evaluate the role of AIF in the pathophysiology of cholestasis-associated hepatic and renal injury. Bile duct ligation (BDL) was used as an animal model of cholestasis. Serum, urine, and tissue samples were collected at scheduled time intervals (3, 7, 14, and 28 days after BDL surgery). Tissues' AIF mRNA levels, as well as serum, urine, and tissue activity of AIF, were measured. Moreover, markers of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis were assessed in the liver and kidney of cholestatic animals. A significant increase in liver and kidney AIF mRNA levels, in addition to increased AIF activity in the liver, kidney, serum, and urine, was detected in BDL rats. DNA fragmentation and apoptosis were raised in the liver and kidney of cholestatic animals, especially at the early stage of the disease. The apoptotic mode of cell death in the liver and kidney was connected to a higher AIF level. These data mention the importance of AIF in the pathogenesis of cholestasis-induced organ injury, especially at the early stage of this disease. Mitochondrial release of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) seems to play a pathogenic role in cholestasis-associated hepatic and renal injury. AIF release is directly connected to oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment in cholestatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Ghanbarinejad
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 158371345, Roknabad, Karafarin St, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Akram Jamshidzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 158371345, Roknabad, Karafarin St, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahman Khalvati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Omid Farshad
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 158371345, Roknabad, Karafarin St, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Huifeng Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiong Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuanyu Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Ommati
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 158371345, Roknabad, Karafarin St, Shiraz, Fars, Iran.
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Schijvens AM, van de Kar NC, Bootsma-Robroeks CM, Cornelissen EA, van den Heuvel LP, Schreuder MF. Mitochondrial Disease and the Kidney With a Special Focus on CoQ 10 Deficiency. Kidney Int Rep 2020; 5:2146-2159. [PMID: 33305107 PMCID: PMC7710892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial cytopathies include a heterogeneous group of diseases that are characterized by impaired oxidative phosphorylation, leading to multi-organ involvement and progressive clinical deterioration. Most mitochondrial cytopathies that cause kidney symptoms are characterized by tubular defects, but glomerular, tubulointerstitial, and cystic diseases have also been described. Mitochondrial cytopathies can result from mitochondrial or nuclear DNA mutations. Early recognition of defects in the coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) biosynthesis is important, as patients with primary CoQ10 deficiency may be responsive to treatment with oral CoQ10 supplementation, in contrast to most mitochondrial diseases. A literature search was conducted to investigate kidney involvement in genetic mitochondrial cytopathies and to identify mitochondrial and nuclear DNA mutations involved in mitochondrial kidney disease. Furthermore, we identified all reported cases to date with a CoQ10 deficiency with glomerular involvement, including 3 patients with variable renal phenotypes in our clinic. To date, 144 patients from 95 families with a primary CoQ10 deficiency and glomerular involvement have been described based on mutations in PDSS1, PDSS2, COQ2, COQ6, and COQ8B/ADCK4. This review provides an overview of kidney involvement in genetic mitochondrial cytopathies with a special focus on CoQ10 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M. Schijvens
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole C. van de Kar
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte M. Bootsma-Robroeks
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth A. Cornelissen
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lambertus P. van den Heuvel
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Development and Regeneration,University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michiel F. Schreuder
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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30
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Ishii K, Kobayashi H, Taguchi K, Guan N, Li A, Tong C, Davidoff O, Tran PV, Sharma M, Chandel NS, Kapp ME, Fogo AB, Brooks CR, Haase VH. Kidney epithelial targeted mitochondrial transcription factor A deficiency results in progressive mitochondrial depletion associated with severe cystic disease. Kidney Int 2020; 99:657-670. [PMID: 33159962 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal mitochondrial function is a well-recognized feature of acute and chronic kidney diseases. To gain insight into the role of mitochondria in kidney homeostasis and pathogenesis, we targeted mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), a protein required for mitochondrial DNA replication and transcription that plays a critical part in the maintenance of mitochondrial mass and function. To examine the consequences of disrupted mitochondrial function in kidney epithelial cells, we inactivated TFAM in sine oculis-related homeobox 2-expressing kidney progenitor cells. TFAM deficiency resulted in significantly decreased mitochondrial gene expression, mitochondrial depletion, inhibition of nephron maturation and the development of severe postnatal cystic disease, which resulted in premature death. This was associated with abnormal mitochondrial morphology, a reduction in oxygen consumption and increased glycolytic flux. Furthermore, we found that TFAM expression was reduced in murine and human polycystic kidneys, which was accompanied by mitochondrial depletion. Thus, our data suggest that dysregulation of TFAM expression and mitochondrial depletion are molecular features of kidney cystic disease that may contribute to its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Ishii
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Hanako Kobayashi
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Medical and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kensei Taguchi
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Nan Guan
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Andraia Li
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Carmen Tong
- Department Pediatric Urology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Olena Davidoff
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Medical and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Pamela V Tran
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA; The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Madhulika Sharma
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Meghan E Kapp
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Agnes B Fogo
- The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Craig R Brooks
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Volker H Haase
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Medical and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
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AbuMaziad AS, Thaker TM, Tomasiak TM, Chong CC, Galindo MK, Hoyme HE. The role of novel COQ8B mutations in glomerulopathy and related kidney defects. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 185:60-67. [PMID: 33084234 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Glomerulopathies affect kidney glomeruli and can lead to end-stage renal disease if untreated. Clinical and experimental evidence have identified numerous (>20) genetic mutations in the mitochondrial coenzyme Q8B protein (COQ8B) primarily associated with nephrotic syndrome. Yet, little else is understood about COQ8B activity in renal pathogenesis and its role in mitochondrial dysfunction. We identified additional novel COQ8B mutations in a glomerulopathy patient and aimed to define the potential structural and functional defects of COQ8B mutations. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND MEASUREMENTS Whole exome sequencing was performed on a Hispanic female presenting with proteinuria. Novel mutations in the COQ8B gene were identified. The effects of mutation on protein function, mitochondrial morphology, and disease progression were investigated by histopathology, transmission electron microscopy, homology modeling, and in silico structural analysis. RESULTS We have characterized the pathophysiology of novel COQ8B mutations, compound heterozygous for two alterations c.1037T>G (p.I346S), and c.1560G>A (p.W520X), in the progression of proteinuria in a Hispanic female. Histopathology revealed defects in podocyte structure and mitochondrial morphology. In silico and computation analyses highlight possible structural origins of COQ8B dysfunction in the presence of mutations. CONCLUSIONS Novel mutations in COQ8B present promising biomarkers for the early detection and therapeutic targeting of mitochondrial glomerulopathy. Insights from structural modeling suggest roles of mutation-dependent alterations in COQ8B allosteric regulation, protein folding, or stability in renal pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa S AbuMaziad
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Tarjani M Thaker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Thomas M Tomasiak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Chyi Chyi Chong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Maureen K Galindo
- Center for Applied Genetics and Genomic Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - H Eugene Hoyme
- Center for Applied Genetics and Genomic Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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33
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Roper T, Harber M, Jones G, Pitceathly RDS, Salama AD. Delayed diagnoses of mitochondrial cytopathies in patients presenting with end stage kidney disease: two case reports. BMC Nephrol 2020; 21:361. [PMID: 32838736 PMCID: PMC7446060 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-020-02002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Up to one third of patients on renal replacement programmes have an unknown cause of kidney disease, and the diagnosis may only be established following renal transplantation when the disease recurs or if new extra-renal symptoms develop. Case presentation We present two patients who presented with progressive chronic kidney disease of unknown cause. Both patients underwent successful renal transplantation but subsequently developed multisystem abnormalities, and were ultimately diagnosed with mitochondrial cytopathy 10–15 years following transplantation. Conclusions Mitochondrial cytopathies are rare inborn errors of metabolism that should be considered in adults with renal impairment, especially in those with a family history of kidney or other multisystem disease. The widespread availability of genetic testing provides the potential for earlier diagnoses, thereby enhancing management decisions, anticipation of complications, avoidance of mitotoxic drugs, and informed prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayeba Roper
- Department of Renal Medicine, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Great Maze Pond, London, UK.
| | - Mark Harber
- UCL Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, Hampstead, London, UK
| | - Gareth Jones
- UCL Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, Hampstead, London, UK
| | - Robert D S Pitceathly
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Alan D Salama
- UCL Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, Hampstead, London, UK
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Ge M, Fontanesi F, Merscher S, Fornoni A. The Vicious Cycle of Renal Lipotoxicity and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Front Physiol 2020; 11:732. [PMID: 32733268 PMCID: PMC7358947 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney is one of the most energy-demanding organs that require abundant and healthy mitochondria to maintain proper function. Increasing evidence suggests a strong association between mitochondrial dysfunction and chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). Lipids are not only important sources of energy but also essential components of mitochondrial membrane structures. Dysregulation of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production lead to compromised mitochondrial lipid utilization, resulting in lipid accumulation and renal lipotoxicity. However, lipotoxicity can be either the cause or the consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction. Imbalanced lipid metabolism, in turn, can hamper mitochondrial dynamics, contributing to the alteration of mitochondrial lipids and reduction in mitochondrial function. In this review, we summarize the interplay between renal lipotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction, with a focus on glomerular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Ge
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Flavia Fontanesi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Sandra Merscher
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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Oláhová M, Ceccatelli Berti C, Collier JJ, Alston CL, Jameson E, Jones SA, Edwards N, He L, Chinnery PF, Horvath R, Goffrini P, Taylor RW, Sayer JA. Molecular genetic investigations identify new clinical phenotypes associated with BCS1L-related mitochondrial disease. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:3766-3776. [PMID: 31435670 PMCID: PMC6935384 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BCS1L encodes a homolog of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae bcs1 protein, which has a known role in the assembly of Complex III of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Phenotypes reported in association with pathogenic BCS1L variants include growth retardation, aminoaciduria, cholestasis, iron overload, lactic acidosis and early death (GRACILE syndrome), and Björnstad syndrome, characterized by abnormal flattening and twisting of hair shafts (pili torti) and hearing problems. Here we describe two patients harbouring biallelic variants in BCS1L; the first with a heterozygous variant c.166C>T, p.(Arg56*) together with a novel heterozygous variant c.205C>T, p.(Arg69Cys) and a second patient with a novel homozygous c.325C>T, p.(Arg109Trp) variant. The two patients presented with different phenotypes; the first patient presented as an adult with aminoaciduria, seizures, bilateral sensorineural deafness and learning difficulties. The second patient was an infant who presented with a classical GRACILE syndrome leading to death at 4 months of age. A decrease in BCS1L protein levels was seen in both patients, and biochemical analysis of Complex III revealed normal respiratory chain enzyme activities in the muscle of both patients. A decrease in Complex III assembly was detected in the adult patient’s muscle, whilst the paediatric patient displayed a combined mitochondrial respiratory chain defect in cultured fibroblasts. Yeast complementation studies indicate that the two missense variants, c.205C>T, p.(Arg69Cys) and c.325C>T, p.(Arg109Trp), impair the respiratory capacity of the cell. Together, these data support the pathogenicity of the novel BCS1L variants identified in our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Oláhová
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Camilla Ceccatelli Berti
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Jack J Collier
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Charlotte L Alston
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Elisabeth Jameson
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester NHS Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Simon A Jones
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester NHS Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Noel Edwards
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Langping He
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Patrick F Chinnery
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Rita Horvath
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Paola Goffrini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - John A Sayer
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK.,Renal Services, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK.,NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
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36
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Shand JAD, Potter HC, Pilmore HL, Cundy T, Murphy R. Increased Peripheral Blood Heteroplasmy of the mt.3243A>G Mutation Is Associated with Earlier End-Stage Kidney Disease: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Nephron Clin Pract 2020; 144:358-362. [PMID: 32434190 DOI: 10.1159/000507732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial DNA mutation mt.3243A>G is most commonly associated with maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIM 52,000), but it has protean phenotypes including renal disease due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. We describe monozygotic twins who both harboured this mutation and developed ESRD. Although otherwise genetically identical, the twins differed in their peripheral blood leucocyte levels of circulating mt.3243A>G heteroplasmy: 20 versus 10%, when assessed at 42 years of age. The twin with the higher heteroplasmy load developed end-stage kidney disease 15 years earlier than her sister. A review of the published literature supports a relationship between heteroplasmy level and the age at the development of the end stage of renal failure in patients with mt.3243A>G-related kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A D Shand
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand,
| | - Howard C Potter
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Helen L Pilmore
- Department of Nephrology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tim Cundy
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rinki Murphy
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Bakis H, Trimouille A, Vermorel A, Redonnet I, Goizet C, Boulestreau R, Lacombe D, Combe C, Martin-Négrier ML, Rigothier C. Adult onset tubulo-interstitial nephropathy in MT-ND5-related phenotypes. Clin Genet 2020; 97:628-633. [PMID: 31713837 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Kidney is a highly adenosine triphosphate dependent organ in human body. Healthy and functional mitochondria are essential for normal kidney function. Clinical and genetic variability are the hallmarks of mitochondrial disorders. We report here the involvement of two MT-ND5 pathogenic variants encoding for ND5 subunit of respiratory chain complex I, the m.13513G>A and the m.13514A>G, in adult-onset kidney disease in three unrelated patients. The first patient had myopathy encephalopathy lactic acidosis and stroke syndrome, left ventricular hypertrophy with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and tubulo-interstitial kidney disease. The second presented Leber hereditary optic neuropathy associated with tubulo-interstitial kidney disease. The third presented with an isolated chronic tubulo-interstitial kidney disease. These mutations have never been associated with adulthood mitochondrial nephropathy. These case reports highlight the importance to consider mitochondrial dysfunction in tubulo-interstitial kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Bakis
- Service de Néphrologie Transplantation Dialyse et Aphérèses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Aurélien Trimouille
- Service de Génétique médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,lNSERM U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Agathe Vermorel
- Service de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Redonnet
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de référence pour les maladies mitochondriales de l'enfant à l'adulte (CARAMMEL), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,lNSERM U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cyril Goizet
- Service de Génétique médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de référence pour les maladies mitochondriales de l'enfant à l'adulte (CARAMMEL), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,lNSERM U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Romain Boulestreau
- Service de Cardiologie et d'Hypertension Artérielle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Didier Lacombe
- Service de Génétique médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de référence pour les maladies mitochondriales de l'enfant à l'adulte (CARAMMEL), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,lNSERM U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christian Combe
- Service de Néphrologie Transplantation Dialyse et Aphérèses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Tissue Bioengineering, U1026, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie-Laure Martin-Négrier
- Service de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de référence pour les maladies mitochondriales de l'enfant à l'adulte (CARAMMEL), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,UMR5293, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Claire Rigothier
- Service de Néphrologie Transplantation Dialyse et Aphérèses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Tissue Bioengineering, U1026, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
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Gaboon NE, Banaganapalli B, Nasser K, Razeeth M, Alsaedi MS, Rashidi OM, Abdelwehab LS, Alahmadi TS, Safdar OY, Shaik J, Choudhry HM, Al-numan HH, Khan MI, Al-Aama JY, Elango R, Shaik NA. Exome sequencing and metabolomic analysis of a chronic kidney disease and hearing loss patient family revealed RMND1 mutation induced sphingolipid metabolism defects. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:324-334. [PMID: 31889854 PMCID: PMC6933272 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders (MIDs) shows overlapping clinical presentations owing to the genetic and metabolic defects of mitochondria. However, specific relationship between inherited mutations in nuclear encoded mitochondrial proteins and their functional impacts in terms of metabolic defects in patients is not yet well explored. Therefore, using high throughput whole exome sequencing (WES), we screened a chronic kidney disease (CKD) and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) patient, and her family members to ascertain the mode of inheritance of the mutation, and healthy population controls to establish its rare frequency. The impact of mutation on biophysical characteristics of the protein was further studied by mapping it in 3D structure. Furthermore, LC-MS tandem mass spectrophotometry based untargeted metabolomic profiling was done to study the fluctuations in plasma metabolites relevant to disease causative mutations and kidney damage. We identified a very rare homozygous c.631G > A (p.Val211Met) pathogenic mutation in RMND1 gene in the proband, which is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. This gene is involved in the mitochondrial translational pathways and contribute in mitochondrial energy metabolism. The p.Val211Met mutation is found to disturb the structural orientation (RMSD is -2.95 Å) and stability (ΔΔG is -0.552 Kcal/mol) of the RMND1 protein. Plasma metabolomics analysis revealed the aberrant accumulation of metabolites connected to lipid and amino acid metabolism pathways. Of these metabolites, pathway networking has discovered ceramide, a metabolite of sphingolipids, which plays a role in different signaling cascades including mitochondrial membrane biosynthesis, is highly elevated in this patient. This study suggests that genetic defects in RMND1 gene alters the mitochondrial energy metabolism leading to the accumulation of ceramide, and subsequently promote dysregulated apoptosis and tissue necrosis in kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagwa E.A. Gaboon
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Genetics Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Babajan Banaganapalli
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalidah Nasser
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Razeeth
- Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mosab S. Alsaedi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omran M. Rashidi
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Turki Saad Alahmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Y. Safdar
- Pediatric Nephrology Center of Excellence, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jilani Shaik
- Genome Research Chair, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani M.Z. Choudhry
- Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Husain Al-numan
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Jumana Y. Al-Aama
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramu Elango
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor A. Shaik
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Shayota BJ, Le NT, Bekheirnia N, Rosenfeld JA, Goldstein AC, Moritz M, Bartholomew DW, Pastore MT, Xia F, Eng C, Yang Y, Lamb DJ, Scaglia F, Braun MC, Bekheirnia MR. Characterization of the renal phenotype in RMND1-related mitochondrial disease. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e973. [PMID: 31568715 PMCID: PMC6900359 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nuclear encoded gene RMND1 (Required for Meiotic Nuclear Division 1 homolog) has recently been linked to RMND1-related mitochondrial disease (RRMD). This autosomal recessive condition characteristically presents with an infantile-onset multisystem disease characterized by severe hypotonia, global developmental delay, failure to thrive, sensorineural hearing loss, and lactic acidosis. Renal disease, however, appears to be one of the more prominent features of RRMD, affecting patients at significantly higher numbers compared to other mitochondrial diseases. We report the clinical, histological, and molecular findings of four RRMD patients across three academic institutions with a focus on the renal manifestations. METHODS Four patients were identified for the purpose of this study, all of whom had molecular confirmation at the time of inclusion, which included the common pathogenic variant c.713A>G (p.N238S) as well as the three rare variants: c.485delC (p.P162fs), c.533C>T (p.T178M), and c.1317 + 1G>C splice donor variant. Medical history and laboratory findings were collected from the medical records and medical providers. RESULTS In this study, all four patients developed renal disease characterized as tubulopathy (3/4), renal tubular acidosis (2/4), interstitial nephritis (1/4), and/or end-stage renal disease (4/4) necessitating renal transplantation (2/4). Histological evaluation of renal biopsy specimens revealed generalized tubular atrophy and on electron microscopy, abundant mitochondria with pleomorphism and abnormal cristae. CONCLUSION Our experience with RRMD demonstrates a specific pattern of renal disease manifestations and clinical course. Patients are unlikely to respond to traditional chronic kidney disease (CKD) treatments, making early diagnosis and consideration of renal transplantation paramount to the management of RRMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Shayota
- Texas Children's HospitalHoustonTXUSA
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | | | - Nasim Bekheirnia
- Texas Children's HospitalHoustonTXUSA
- Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Renal SectionDepartment of PediatricsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Jill A. Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Amy C. Goldstein
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Child NeurologyUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Michael Moritz
- Department of PediatricsDivision of NephrologyUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | | | - Matthew T. Pastore
- Division of Molecular and Human GeneticsNationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOHUSA
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Baylor GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Christine Eng
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Baylor GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Yaping Yang
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Baylor GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Dolores J. Lamb
- Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Department of UrologyWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Fernando Scaglia
- Texas Children's HospitalHoustonTXUSA
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- BCM‐CUHK Center of Medical GeneticsPrince of Wales HospitalShaTinHong Kong SAR
| | - Michael C. Braun
- Texas Children's HospitalHoustonTXUSA
- Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Renal SectionDepartment of PediatricsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Mir Reza Bekheirnia
- Texas Children's HospitalHoustonTXUSA
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Renal SectionDepartment of PediatricsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
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40
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Bernardor J, Faudeux C, Chaussenot A, Antignac C, Goldenberg A, Gubler MC, Wagner N, Bérard E. Nephrotic syndrome and mitochondrial disorders: answers. Pediatr Nephrol 2019; 34:1375-1377. [PMID: 30863911 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-019-04217-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bernardor
- Unité de néphrologie pédiatrique, CHU de Nice - Hôpital Archet, 151 Route de Saint-Antoine de Ginestière, B.P. 23079, 06202, Nice Cedex 3, France
| | - Camille Faudeux
- Unité de néphrologie pédiatrique, CHU de Nice - Hôpital Archet, 151 Route de Saint-Antoine de Ginestière, B.P. 23079, 06202, Nice Cedex 3, France
| | - Anabelle Chaussenot
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Nice - Hôpital Archet 2, 151 Route de Saint-Antoine de Ginestière, B.P. 23079, 06202, Nice Cedex 3, France
| | - Corinne Antignac
- Laboratoire des maladies rénales héréditaires 1 - INSERM UMR S1163, Institut Imagine, 24 boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015, Paris, France.,Department of Genetics, Reference center for Hereditary Kidney Diseases (MARHEA), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Alice Goldenberg
- Unité de génétique clinique - CHU de Rouen, 1 Rue de Germont, 76031, Rouen Cedex, France
| | - Marie Claire Gubler
- Laboratoire des maladies rénales héréditaires 1 - INSERM UMR S1163, Institut Imagine, 24 boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Nicole Wagner
- CNRS, INSERM, iBV, Université Côte d'Azur, 06107, Nice, France
| | - Etienne Bérard
- Unité de néphrologie pédiatrique, CHU de Nice - Hôpital Archet, 151 Route de Saint-Antoine de Ginestière, B.P. 23079, 06202, Nice Cedex 3, France.
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41
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Finsterer J. Cerebral imaging in adult mitochondrial disorders. J Neurol Sci 2019; 404:29-35. [PMID: 31323519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Among the organs/tissues affected in mitochondrial disorders (MIDs), the brain is the second most frequently affected. Cerebral imaging may correlate with clinical findings but not necessarily. This review summarises and discusses current knowledge and recent advances concerning cerebral abnormalities on imaging in adult MIDs (≥18y). METHODS Systematic literature review. RESULTS The most common cerebral abnormalities in imaging in adult MIDs are, as in pediatric MIDs, white matter lesions, grey matter lesions, atrophy, optic atrophy, stroke-like lesions, calcifications, and ischemic stroke. Cerebral lesions may remain stable over years but some may undergo dynamic changes within shorter or longer period of times. Typical dynamic lesions are stroke-like lesions and grey matter lesions in the sense of progression or regression. Since cerebral lesions on imaging may or may not go along with clinical manifestations, it is crucial to screen all MID patients for cerebral involvement, which can be effectively accomplished by application of the MRI. CONCLUSIONS Cerebral imaging is of paramount importance for diagnosing and monitoring cerebral involvement in MIDs. Cerebral imaging in MIDs contributes to the understanding of the pathogenesis of cerebral involvement in MIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Finsterer
- Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Messerli Institute, Postfach 20, 1180 Vienna, Austria.
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42
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The footprints of mitochondrial impairment and cellular energy crisis in the pathogenesis of xenobiotics-induced nephrotoxicity, serum electrolytes imbalance, and Fanconi's syndrome: A comprehensive review. Toxicology 2019; 423:1-31. [PMID: 31095988 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi's Syndrome (FS) is a disorder characterized by impaired renal proximal tubule function. FS is associated with a vast defect in the renal reabsorption of several chemicals. Inherited and/or acquired conditions seem to be connected with FS. Several xenobiotics including many pharmaceuticals are capable of inducing FS and nephrotoxicity. Although the pathological state of FS is well described, the exact underlying etiology and cellular mechanism(s) of xenobiotics-induced nephrotoxicity, serum electrolytes imbalance, and FS are not elucidated. Constant and high dependence of the renal reabsorption process to energy (ATP) makes mitochondrial dysfunction as a pivotal mechanism which could be involved in the pathogenesis of FS. The current review focuses on the footprints of mitochondrial impairment in the etiology of xenobiotics-induced FS. Moreover, the importance of mitochondria protecting agents and their preventive/therapeutic capability against FS is highlighted. The information collected in this review may provide significant clues to new therapeutic interventions aimed at minimizing xenobiotics-induced renal injury, serum electrolytes imbalance, and FS.
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43
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Mitochondrial Disease (MELAS Syndrome) Discovered at the Start of Pregnancy in a Patient with Advanced CKD: A Clinical and Ethical Challenge. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8030303. [PMID: 30836591 PMCID: PMC6462991 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8030303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a challenge in the life of a woman with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but also represents an occasion for physicians to make or reconsider diagnosis of kidney disease. Counselling is particularly challenging in cases in which a genetic disease with a heterogeneous and unpredictable phenotype is discovered in pregnancy. The case reported regards a young woman with Stage-4 CKD, in which "Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like episodes" (MELAS syndrome), was diagnosed during an unplanned pregnancy. A 31-year-old Caucasian woman, being followed for Stage-4 CKD, sought her nephrologist's advice at the start of an unplanned pregnancy. Her most recent data included serum creatinine 2⁻2.2 mg/dL, Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 50 mg/dL, creatinine clearance 20⁻25 mL/min, proteinuria at about 2 g/day, and mild hypertension which was well controlled by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi); her body mass index (BMI) was 21 kg/m² (height 152 cm, weight 47.5 kg). Her medical history was characterized by non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (at the age of 25), Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. The patient's mother was diabetic and had mild CKD. Mild hearing impairment and cardiac hypertrophy were also detected, thus leading to suspect a mitochondrial disease (i.e., MELAS syndrome), subsequently confirmed by genetic analysis. The presence of advanced CKD, hypertension, and proteinuria is associated with a high, but difficult to quantify, risk of preterm delivery and progression of kidney damage in the mother; MELAS syndrome is per se associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia. Preterm delivery, associated with neurological impairment and low nephron number can worsen the prognosis of MELAS in an unpredictable way. This case underlines the importance of pregnancy as an occasion to detect CKD and reconsider diagnosis. It also suggests that mitochondrial disorders should be considered in the differential diagnosis of kidney impairment in patients who display an array of other signs and symptoms, mainly type-2 diabetes, kidney disease, and vascular problems, and highlights the difficulties encountered in counselling and the need for further studies on CKD in pregnancy.
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Yu XL, Yan CZ, Ji KQ, Lin PF, Xu XB, Dai TJ, Li W, Zhao YY. Clinical, Neuroimaging, and Pathological Analyses of 13 Chinese Leigh Syndrome Patients with Mitochondrial DNA Mutations. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 131:2705-2712. [PMID: 30425197 PMCID: PMC6247594 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.245265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Leigh syndrome (LS) is a rare disease caused by mitochondrial defects and has high phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity. We analyzed the clinical symptoms, neuroimaging, muscular histopathology, and genotypes of 13 Chinese LS patients with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. Methods Mutations in mtDNA were identified by targeted sequencing. The brain imaging features on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were analyzed. The levels of lactate in fasting blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were routinely tested. The levels of urinary organic acids, plasma amino acids, and acylcarnitines were examined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry. The histopathological traits of skeletal muscles were analyzed under microscope. Results Among 13 patients, mutations of MT-NDs (n = 8) and MT-ATP6 (n = 4) genes were most common. Strabismus (8/13), muscle weakness (8/13), and ataxia (5/13) were also common, especially for the patients with late-onset age after 2 years old. However, respiratory distress was common in patients with early-onset age before 2 years old. The most frequently affected brain area in these patients was the brain stem (12/13), particularly the dorsal part of midbrain, followed by basal ganglia (6/13), thalamus (6/13), cerebellum (5/13), and supratentorial white matter (2/13). Besides, the elevated lactate levels in CSF (6/6) were more common than those in serum (7/13). However, the analysis of abnormal plasma amino acid and urinary organic acid showed limited results (0/3 and 1/4, respectively). Muscular histopathology showed mitochondrial myopathy in the three late-onset patients but not in the early-onset ones. Conclusions Noninvasive genetic screening is recommended for mtDNA mutations in MT-NDs and MT-ATP6 genes in patients with ophthalmoplegia, muscle weakness, ataxia, and respiratory disorder. Furthermore, the lactate detection in CSF and the brain MRI scanning are suggested as the diagnosis methods for LS patients with mtDNA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lin Yu
- Department of Geriatrics Medicine; Department of Neurology, Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chuan-Zhu Yan
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250012; Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266035; Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Kun-Qian Ji
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Peng-Fei Lin
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xue-Bi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ting-Jun Dai
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yu-Ying Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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Wang PZT, Prasad C, Rodriguez Cuellar CI, Filler G. Nephrological and urological complications of homozygous c.974G>A (p.Arg325Gln) OSGEP mutations. Pediatr Nephrol 2018; 33:2201-2204. [PMID: 30141175 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-018-4060-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) (OMIM #251300) is a severe autosomal recessive disease characterized by the combination of early-onset steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) and microcephaly with brain anomalies caused by WDR73 as well as OSGEP, TP53RK, TPRKB, or LAGE3 mutations. OBJECTIVE We report on the hitherto undescribed urological and nephrological complications of the homozygous c.974G>A (p.Arg325Gln) OSGEP mutations in a 7-year-old Caucasian girl. CASE DIAGNOSIS The patient came to the attention of pediatric nephrology at the age of 3 years and 11 months, when she presented with status epilepticus due to profound hypomagnesemia (0.31 mmol/L, normal 0.65-1.05). A 24-h urine demonstrated a magnesium loss of 0.6 mmol/kg/day with associated proteinuria suggesting renal tubulopathy. Subsequently, she developed recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) and was diagnosed with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. The patient continued to have UTIs associated with seizures and sequential cultures growing multi-drug-resistant organisms despite of antibiotic prophylaxis. In addition, the proteinuria (median microalbumin/creatinine ratio 647 mg/mmol) increased, and she developed partial Fanconi syndrome. At age 7, she developed a large bladder calculus (3.3 × 3.2 cm) and three left non-obstructing renal calculi associated with elevated urinary cystine, hypercalciuria, and ongoing hypomagnesemia and required surgical intervention. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) remained normal and she never developed frank nephrotic syndrome (average albumin 31 g/L). CONCLUSIONS It is unclear if patients with OSGEP mutations with tubular symptoms rather than nephrotic syndrome should be considered a different entity. Nephrological and urological complications of OSGEP mutations can be challenging and require a multidisciplinary approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Zhan Tao Wang
- Department of Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Chitra Prasad
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Children's Hospital, London Health Science Centre, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6C 2V5, Canada
| | - Carmen Inés Rodriguez Cuellar
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Children's Hospital, London Health Science Centre, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Guido Filler
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Children's Hospital, London Health Science Centre, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada.
- Children's Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6C 2V5, Canada.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N5A 5A5, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada.
- Lilibeth Caberto Kidney Clinical Research Unit, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada.
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Abstract
Legionella pneumonia is occasionally accompanied by renal complications; however, the cause of this remains unknown. We herein report a 70-year-old Japanese man with Legionella pneumonia who presented with hyponatremia, hypophosphatemia, and hypouricemia. The levels of urinary β2-microglobulin and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase were remarkably high, indicating severe renal tubular damage. The presence of glycosuria and aminoaciduria as well as increased fractional excretion of uric acid and decreased tubular reabsorption of phosphate indicated that the patient's condition was complicated with Fanconi syndrome. After antimicrobial therapy, the electrolyte abnormalities and renal tubular damage were completely resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Koda
- Department of Nephrology, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Japan
| | - Ryo Itoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Japan
| | - Masafumi Tsuchida
- Department of Nephrology, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Ohashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Japan
| | - Noriaki Iino
- Department of Nephrology, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Japan
| | - Toshinori Takada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Japan
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Japan
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Congenital sideroblastic anemia: Advances in gene mutations and pathophysiology. Gene 2018; 668:182-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Finsterer J, Zarrouk-Mahjoub S. Low Heteroplasmy Rates of the m.8993T>G Variant May Not Be Pathogenic. Am J Kidney Dis 2018; 71:759. [DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2018.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Gödiker J, Grüneberg M, DuChesne I, Reunert J, Rust S, Westermann C, Wada Y, Classen G, Langhans CD, Schlingmann KP, Rodenburg RJ, Pohlmann R, Marquardt T. QIL1-dependent assembly of MICOS complex-lethal mutation in C19ORF70 resulting in liver disease and severe neurological retardation. J Hum Genet 2018; 63:707-716. [PMID: 29618761 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-018-0442-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Seven subunits of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae junction (CJ) organizing system (MICOS) in humans have been recently described in function and structure. QIL1 (also named MIC13) is a small complex that is crucial for the maintenance and assembling of MICOS. A novel mutation of an essential splice site in the C19orf70 gene encoding QIL1 induces severe mitochondrial encephalopathy, hepatopathy and lactate acidosis consistent with psychomotor retardation. In addition, bilateral kidney stones were observed. Disassembly of MICOS complex subunits displays lack of MIC10-MIC26-MIC27-QIL1 subcomplex, resulting in aberrant cristae structure and a loss of cristae junctions and contact sites. In liver and muscle tissue, the activity of the respiratory chain complexes (OXPHOS) was severely impaired. Defects in MICOS complex do not only affect mitochondrial architecture, but also mitochondrial fusion, metabolic signalling, lipid trafficking and cellular electric homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gödiker
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - M Grüneberg
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - I DuChesne
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - J Reunert
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - S Rust
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - C Westermann
- Gerhard-Domagk-Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Muenster, Domagkstraße 17, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Y Wada
- Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka, 594-1101, Japan
| | - G Classen
- Department of General Paediatrics, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Grenzweg 10, 33617, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - C D Langhans
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Paediatric Metabolic Medicine, University Children's Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K P Schlingmann
- Department of General Paediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Waldeyerstr. 22, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - R J Rodenburg
- Department of Paediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, 830 Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - R Pohlmann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Waldeyerstraße 15, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - T Marquardt
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany.
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Finsterer J, Zarrouk-Mahjoub S. Mitochondrial cardioencephalopathy due to a COQ4 mutation. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2017; 13:7-8. [PMID: 28736720 PMCID: PMC5510520 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Finsterer
- Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Vienna, Austria
- Corresponding author at: Postfach 20, 1180 Vienna, Austria.Postfach 20Vienna1180Austria
| | - Sinda Zarrouk-Mahjoub
- University of Tunis El Manar and Genomics Platform, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunisia
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