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Danışman B, Ercan Kelek S, Aslan M. Resveratrol in Neurodegeneration, in Neurodegenerative Diseases, and in the Redox Biology of the Mitochondria. PSYCHIAT CLIN PSYCH 2023; 33:147-155. [PMID: 38765928 PMCID: PMC11082578 DOI: 10.5152/pcp.2023.23633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is a process leading to the progressive loss of structure and functions of neurons. Many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease have shown many common points at the subcellular level. Neurons are metabolically active cells and need a high amount of energy. Mitochondria are known as the energy synthesis center for cells, involved in the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate by oxidative phosphorylation. Rather than just being an energy synthesis center, it has critical importance for many cellular functions such as calcium homeostasis, cell proliferation, cell growth, and apoptosis. In the process of mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular functions are disrupted and cells enter the apoptotic or necrotic pathway. Resveratrol (trans-3,5,4-trihydoxystilbene), a plant-derived polyphenol found in the seed of grapes, berries, peanuts, and wine, has many biological effects such as inhibition of lipid peroxidation, scavenging of free radicals, changes in eicosanoid synthesis, inhibition of platelet aggregation, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity, and regulation of lipid metabolism. Through the reviewed literature, the current study investigated the protective role of resveratrol in neurodegenerative diseases. Studies show that resveratrol moderates mitochondrial function, redox status, and cellular dynamics in both in vivo and in vitro experimental models of neurodegeneration. Resveratrol suppresses reactive oxygen species production by reducing the activity of complex III due to its competition effect with coenzyme Q. In the present work, we discussed the protective effects of resveratrol on neurodegeneration, neurodegenerative diseases, and the redox biology of the mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betül Danışman
- Department of Biophysics, Atatürk University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sevim Ercan Kelek
- Akdeniz University, Vocational School of Health Services, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mutay Aslan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
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Hassan S, Shah M, Malik MO, Ehtesham E, Habib SH, Rauf B. Treatment with combined resveratrol and myoinositol ameliorates endocrine, metabolic alterations and perceived stress response in women with PCOS: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. Endocrine 2023; 79:208-220. [PMID: 36169918 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03198-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to assess whether treatment with combined resveratrol and myoinositol is more effective in ameliorating the altered parameters associated with PCOS when compared to the combined metformin and pioglitazone therapy. METHOD One hundred and ten obese, oligo-anovulatory PCOS women, aged 20-35 years were randomly assigned into two treatment arms. Participants in arm-1 (n = 55), received combination of metformin and pioglitazone (500 mg and 15 mg, respectively), twice daily, while those in arm-2 (n = 55) received combination of resveratrol and myoinositol (1000 mg and 1000 mg, respectively) twice daily for 12 weeks. Evaluations performed at baseline were repeated after 3 months of therapy. The endocrine and metabolic derangements were assessed by measuring serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), adiponectin and insulin using ELISA. Cohen's perceived stress scale (PSS) was employed as a subjective measure of stress. RESULTS Pre-treatment PCOS women in both the arms (arm-1 and arm-2) had remarkably elevated serum testosterone and insulin concentrations, low serum adiponectin and high perceived stress response scores. The treatment reduced the altered endocrine indices in arm-2 (resveratrol and myoinositol) participants, manifested by statistically significant reduction in serum testosterone level (p = 0.001) and notably increased serum adiponectin level (p = 0.001). Interestingly, the hormonal profile, including serum LH and FSH levels also decreased (p < 0.001) along with a marked reduction in the ovarian volume (p = 0.001) in arm-2 participants. There was a significant reduction in weight (<0.001), BMI (p < 0.001) and an improvement in waist-hip ratio (p < 0.001) in arm-2 participants compared to arm-1 group. The PSS scores of the arm-2 subjects improved significantly (p < 0.001) whereas, the Ferrimen-Gallwey score was improved in both the arms (arm-1 and arm-2; p = 0.010 and 0.008 respectively) however, the change was highly significant in arm-2. Interestingly, the menstrual regularity was 81.4% in arm-2 while 18.2% in arm-1. We conclude that the therapeutic intervention with combined resveratrol and myoinositol is more effective in ameliorating altered endocrine, metabolic indices and stress burden and could be of clinical importance in high risk group of obese, oligo-anovulatory married PCOS affected women. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTials.gov Trial No: NCT04867252. Registered 24 April, 2021, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04867252.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehresh Hassan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Shah
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Omar Malik
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ehtesham Ehtesham
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Syed Hamid Habib
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Rauf
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Sorrenti V, Benedetti F, Buriani A, Fortinguerra S, Caudullo G, Davinelli S, Zella D, Scapagnini G. Immunomodulatory and Antiaging Mechanisms of Resveratrol, Rapamycin, and Metformin: Focus on mTOR and AMPK Signaling Networks. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15080912. [PMID: 35893737 PMCID: PMC9394378 DOI: 10.3390/ph15080912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging results from the progressive dysregulation of several molecular pathways and mTOR and AMPK signaling have been suggested to play a role in the complex changes in key biological networks involved in cellular senescence. Moreover, multiple factors, including poor nutritional balance, drive immunosenescence progression, one of the meaningful aspects of aging. Unsurprisingly, nutraceutical and pharmacological interventions could help maintain an optimal biological response by providing essential bioactive micronutrients required for the development, maintenance, and the expression of the immune response at all stages of life. In this regard, many studies have provided evidence of potential antiaging properties of resveratrol, as well as rapamycin and metformin. Indeed, in vitro and in vivo models have demonstrated for these molecules a number of positive effects associated with healthy aging. The current review focuses on the mechanisms of action of these three important compounds and their suggested use for the clinical treatment of immunosenescence and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Sorrenti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Largo Egidio Meneghetti, 2, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Bendessere® Study Center, Via Prima Strada 23/3, 35129 Padova, Italy;
- Maria Paola Belloni Center for Personalized Medicine, Data Medica Group (Synlab Limited), 35100 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (D.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Francesca Benedetti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Alessandro Buriani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.B.); (A.B.)
| | | | - Giada Caudullo
- Bendessere® Study Center, Via Prima Strada 23/3, 35129 Padova, Italy;
| | - Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Davide Zella
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.B.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (D.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (D.Z.); (G.S.)
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The Role of the VEGF Family in Atherosclerosis Development and Its Potential as Treatment Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020931. [PMID: 35055117 PMCID: PMC8781560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, the crucial regulator of angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, lipid metabolism and inflammation, is involved in the development of atherosclerosis and further CVDs (cardiovascular diseases). This review discusses the general regulation and functions of VEGFs, their role in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis development and progression. These functions present the great potential of applying the VEGF family as a target in the treatment of atherosclerosis and related CVDs. In addition, we discuss several modern anti-atherosclerosis VEGFs-targeted experimental procedures, drugs and natural compounds, which could significantly improve the efficiency of atherosclerosis and related CVDs' treatment.
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Review of beneficial effects of resveratrol in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Adv Med Sci 2020; 65:415-423. [PMID: 32871321 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease is rising, in part due to increase in the medium age of residents in developed countries. The aim of the study has been to determine whether resveratrol (RSV) can be effective in the prevention or treatment of Alzheimer's Disease, providing its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and SIRT1-activating properties. METHODS A systematic review of some experimental and clinical studies has been made. The eligibility criteria have comprised: maximum 10 years passed from the study publication, geographical diversity of the studies performed, and - as much as possible - pertaining of the reviewed study results both to animal models of AD, and to humans. RESULTS After the final assessment of the eligibility criteria, 96 research studies have been included in the review. Overall results suggest that RSV can be effectively used in the prevention of AD, especially in reference to its familial forms with an early onset. At the same time, efficacy of RSV in the treatment of AD needs further studies, aimed at: improving its transport through the blood-brain barrier (BBB), performing prospective clinical in vivo trials on large groups of patients, and determining the optimal RSV dosage. DISCUSSION Providing RSV mechanisms of action, inhibitory in reference to many pathomechanisms of AD, it seems very likely that RSV could be effective in AD prevention. The main limitations referring to such presumption include: limited permeability of BBB to RSV, and scarcity of clinical studies on RSV pertaining to large groups of humans.
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Wiciński M, Domanowska A, Wódkiewicz E, Malinowski B. Neuroprotective Properties of Resveratrol and Its Derivatives-Influence on Potential Mechanisms Leading to the Development of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082749. [PMID: 32326620 PMCID: PMC7215333 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of effective Alzheimer's disease treatment is becoming a challenge for researchers and prompts numerous attempts to search for and develop better therapeutic solutions. Compounds that affect several routes of the neurodegeneration cascade leading to the development of disease are of particular interest. An example of such substances is resveratrol and its synthetic and natural derivatives, which have gained popularity in recent years and show promise as a possible new therapeutic option in the approach to Alzheimer's disease treatment. In this article, the state of the art evidence on the role of resveratrol (RSV) in neuroprotection is presented; research results are summarized and the importance of resveratrol and its derivatives in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease are underlined. It also focuses on various modifications of the resveratrol molecule that should be taken into account in the design of future research on drugs against Alzheimer's disease.
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Zbroch E, Bazyluk A, Malyszko J, Koc-Zorawska E, Rydzewska-Rosolowska A, Kakareko K, Hryszko T. The Serum Concentration of Anti-Aging Proteins, Sirtuin1 and αKlotho in Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease on Maintenance Hemodialysis. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:387-393. [PMID: 32214805 PMCID: PMC7084123 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s236980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) acts as an anti-aging protein due to anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effect and is implicated in several diseases including diabetes or cardiovascular problems. SIRT1 renal overexpression indicates oxidative stress. Similarly, αKlotho was primarily exposed as anti-aging factor. It is primary produced in kidney. It’s deficiency is associated with progression of chronic kidney disease and heart disorders. Purpose The aim of the study was to assess the serum concentration of sirtuin1 and αKlotho in hemodialysis (HD) patients compared to healthy volunteers in regard to age, blood pressure control, residual kidney function (RKF), diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dialysis vintage and type of dialyzer. Patients and Methods The serum level of SIRT1 and αKlotho was evaluated using ELISA tests in 103 HD patients, median age 67 years and in 21 volunteers. Blood pressure, RRF, echocardiography and dialysis parameters were assessed. HD group was divided according to the presence/absence of RKF. Results The serum SIRT1 level was higher (28.4 vs 2.71ng/mL, p<0.0001) and αKlotho was lower (433.9 vs 756.6pg/mL, p<0.0001) in HD then in control group. αKlotho was lower in those without RKF (387.2 vs 486.2pg/mL, p=0.028). SIRT1 positively correlated with hemodialysis vintage. αKlotho negatively correlated with left ventricular posterior wall thickness. There was no significant relationship between SIRT1 and αKlotho level and age, blood pressure control, type of dialyzer, Kt/V and diabetes. Multivariate analysis revealed association of SIRT1 with ejection fraction (B −0.72; p=0.32). Conclusion Elevated SIRT1 and lower αKlotho concentration are associated with impaired kidney function. The decrease in levels of αKlotho may also indicate heart hypertrophy in hemodialysis patients. The role of anti-aging proteins, particularly SIRT1 as biomarkers/predictors of oxidative stress, inflammation and cardiovascular diseases need further examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Zbroch
- 2-nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Centre, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Angelika Bazyluk
- 2-nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Centre, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jolanta Malyszko
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Koc-Zorawska
- 2-nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Centre, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Kakareko
- 2-nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Centre, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Tomasz Hryszko
- 2-nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Centre, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland
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Liraglutide Protects Against Brain Amyloid-β 1-42 Accumulation in Female Mice with Early Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathology by Partially Rescuing Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051746. [PMID: 32143329 PMCID: PMC7084254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide, being characterized by the deposition of senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (enriched in the amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau), respectively) and memory loss. Aging, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and female sex (especially after menopause) are risk factors for AD, but their crosslinking mechanisms remain unclear. Most clinical trials targeting AD neuropathology failed and it remains incurable. However, evidence suggests that effective anti-T2D drugs, such as the GLP-1 mimetic and neuroprotector liraglutide, can be also efficient against AD. Thus, we aimed to study the benefits of a peripheral liraglutide treatment in AD female mice. We used blood and brain cortical lysates from 10-month-old 3xTg-AD female mice, treated for 28 days with liraglutide (0.2 mg/kg, once/day) to evaluate parameters affected in AD (e.g., Aβ and p-tau, motor and cognitive function, glucose metabolism, inflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress). Despite the limited signs of cognitive changes in mature female mice, liraglutide only reduced their cortical Aβ1–42 levels. Liraglutide partially attenuated brain estradiol and GLP-1 and activated PKA levels, oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammation in these AD female mice. Our results support the earlier use of liraglutide as a potential preventive/therapeutic agent against the accumulation of the first neuropathological features of AD in females.
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Resveratrol's Impact on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Hyporeactivity: The Role of Rho-Kinase Inhibition. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9012071. [PMID: 32076619 PMCID: PMC6996688 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9012071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene) is a chemical compound belonging to the group of polyphenols and flavonoids. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of resveratrol application along with certain modulating factors, such as 8Br-cGMP-activator of cGMP-dependent protein kinases, HA-1077-Rho-kinase inhibitor, and Bay K8644-calcium channel agonist, on VMSCs constriction triggered by phenylephrine. Resveratrol at a dose of 10 mg/kg/24 h administered for 4 weeks reduced the reactivity of the arteries to the pressure action of catecholamines. Tests performed after four weeks of resveratrol administration showed that 8Br-cGMP at the concentrations of 0.01 mM/l and 0.1 mM/l intensifies this effect. Simultaneous resveratrol and Bay K8644 administration led to a significant decrease in contractility compared to the vessels collected from animals (Res−). This effect was dependent on the concentration of Bay K8644. Resveratrol seems to be counteractive against Bay K8644 by blocking L-type calcium channels. As the concentration of HA-1077 increased, there was a marked hyporeactivity of the vessels to the pressure effects of phenylephrine. The results indicate synergy between resveratrol and Rho-kinase inhibition.
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Kong Y, Zhang S, Wu R, Su X, Peng D, Zhao M, Su Y. New insights into different adipokines in linking the pathophysiology of obesity and psoriasis. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:171. [PMID: 31521168 PMCID: PMC6745073 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, systemic, hyper-proliferative immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease. The results of epidemiological investigations have shown that psoriasis affects around 2% of the general population worldwide, and the total number of psoriasis patients is more than 6 million in China. Apart from the skin manifestations, psoriasis has been verified to associate with several metabolic comorbidities, such as insulin resistance, diabetes and obesity. However, the underlying mechanism is still not elucidated. Adipocytes, considered as the active endocrine cells, are dysfunctional in obesity which displays increased synthesis and secretion of adipokines with other modified metabolic properties. Currently, growing evidence has pointed to the central role of adipokines in adipose tissue and the immune system, providing new insights into the effect of adipokines in linking the pathophysiology of obesity and psoriasis. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the pathological role of adipokines and the potential mechanisms whereby different adipokines link obesity and psoriasis. Furthermore, we also provide evidence which identifies a potential therapeutic target aiming at adipokines for the management of these two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Kong
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Suhan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ruifang Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Daoquan Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Yuwen Su
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Neuroprotective Properties of Linagliptin: Focus on Biochemical Mechanisms in Cerebral Ischemia, Vascular Dysfunction and Certain Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164052. [PMID: 31434198 PMCID: PMC6719127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Linagliptin is a representative of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors which are registered and used effectively in a treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. They increase the levels of active forms of endogenous incretins such as GLP-1 and GIP by inhibiting their enzymatic decomposition. Scientific reports suggest beneficial effects of linagliptin administration via immunological and biochemical pathways involved in neuroprotective processes of CNS. Linagliptin’s administration leads to a decrease in the concentration of proinflammatory factors such as: TNF-α, IL-6 and increases the number of anti-inflammatory patrolling monocytes CX3CR1bright. Significant reduction in Aβ42 level has been associated with the use of linagliptin implying potential application in Alzheimer’s disease. Linagliptin improved vascular functions by increasing production of nitric oxide (NO) and limiting concentration of apolipoprotein B. Linagliptin-induced decrease in macrophages infiltration may provide improvement in atheromatous plaque stabilization. Premedication with linagliptin increases neuron’s survival after stroke and augments neuronal stem cells proliferation. It seems to be connected with SDF-1α/CXCR4 signaling pathway. Linagliptin prevented abnormal proliferation and migration of rat brain microvascular endothelial cells in a state of hypoperfusion via SIRT1/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway. The article presents a summary of the studies assessing neuroprotective properties of linagliptin with special emphasis on cerebral ischemia, vascular dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Breuss JM, Atanasov AG, Uhrin P. Resveratrol and Its Effects on the Vascular System. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1523. [PMID: 30934670 PMCID: PMC6479680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, the phenolic substance isolated initially from Veratrum grandiflorum and richly present in grapes, wine, peanuts, soy, and berries, has been attracting attention of scientists and medical doctors for many decades. Herein, we review its effects on the vascular system. Studies utilizing cell cultures and pre-clinical models showed that resveratrol alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation. Furthermore, resveratrol suppresses vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, promotes autophagy, and has been investigated in the context of vascular senescence. Pre-clinical models unambiguously demonstrated numerous vasculoprotective effects of resveratrol. In clinical trials, resveratrol moderately diminished systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients, as well as blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus. Yet, open questions remain, as exemplified by a recent report which states that the intake of resveratrol might blunt certain positive effects of exercise in older persons, and further research addressing the framework for long-term use of resveratrol as a food supplement, will stay in demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes M Breuss
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Pavel Uhrin
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Luo Q, Liu S, Xie L, Yu Y, Zhou L, Feng Y, Cai D. Resveratrol Ameliorates Glucocorticoid-Induced Bone Damage in a Zebrafish Model. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:195. [PMID: 30971915 PMCID: PMC6444061 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (Res) is a multi-functional polyphenol compound that has protective functions in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to determine the effect of Res on osteogenic differentiation and bone mineralization in zebrafish (Danio rerio) with dexamethasone (Dex)-induced bone damage. Our results showed that Dex exposure (15 μmol/l) decreased the green fluorescence areas and the integrated optic density (IOD) values in the skull bones of zebrafish larvae of the TG(SP7:EGFP) strain in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.01). Furthermore, Dex exposure decreased the alizarin red S-stained areas (bone mineralization area) in the skeleton and spinal bones of zebrafish larvae of the AB strain in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.01). By contrast, Res treatment (150 μmol/l) significantly increased both the green fluorescence and bone mineralization area in Dex-exposed zebrafish larvae. Thus, our data show that Res improves bone mineralization after glucocorticoid-induced bone damage in a zebrafish model. Res may be a candidate drug for the prevention of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shengbo Liu
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Liming Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yongjie Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Limin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuzhen Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - De Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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14
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Intermittent Fasting in Cardiovascular Disorders-An Overview. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030673. [PMID: 30897855 PMCID: PMC6471315 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermittent fasting is a form of time restricted eating (typically 16 h fasting and 8 h eating), which has gained popularity in recent years and shows promise as a possible new paradigm in the approach to weight loss and the reduction of inflammation, and has many potential long term health benefits. In this review, the authors will incorporate many aspects of fasting, mainly focusing on its effects on the cardiovascular system, involving atherosclerosis progression, benefits for diabetes mellitus type 2, lowering of blood pressure, and exploring other cardiovascular risk factors (such as lipid profile and inflammation).
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15
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Luo Q, Liu S, Xie L, Yu Y, Zhou L, Feng Y, Cai D. Resveratrol Ameliorates Glucocorticoid-Induced Bone Damage in a Zebrafish Model. Front Pharmacol 2019. [PMID: 30971915 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00195.ecollection2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (Res) is a multi-functional polyphenol compound that has protective functions in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to determine the effect of Res on osteogenic differentiation and bone mineralization in zebrafish (Danio rerio) with dexamethasone (Dex)-induced bone damage. Our results showed that Dex exposure (15 μmol/l) decreased the green fluorescence areas and the integrated optic density (IOD) values in the skull bones of zebrafish larvae of the TG(SP7:EGFP) strain in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.01). Furthermore, Dex exposure decreased the alizarin red S-stained areas (bone mineralization area) in the skeleton and spinal bones of zebrafish larvae of the AB strain in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.01). By contrast, Res treatment (150 μmol/l) significantly increased both the green fluorescence and bone mineralization area in Dex-exposed zebrafish larvae. Thus, our data show that Res improves bone mineralization after glucocorticoid-induced bone damage in a zebrafish model. Res may be a candidate drug for the prevention of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shengbo Liu
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Liming Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yongjie Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Limin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuzhen Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - De Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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16
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Liu Y, Vu V, Sweeney G. Examining the Potential of Developing and Implementing Use of Adiponectin-Targeted Therapeutics for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:842. [PMID: 31920962 PMCID: PMC6918867 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases encompass those affecting the heart and vasculature as well as other metabolic problems, such as insulin resistance, diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. These diseases tend to have common risk factors, one of which is impaired adiponectin action. This may be due to reduced bioavailability of the hormone or resistance to its effects on target tissues. A strong negative correlation between adiponectin levels and cardiometabolic diseases has been well-documented and research shown that adiponectin has cardioprotective, insulin sensitizing and direct beneficial metabolic effects. Thus, therapeutic approaches to enhance adiponectin action are widely considered to be desirable. The complexity of adiponectin structure and function has so far made progress in this area less than ideal. In this article we will review the effects and mechanism of action of adiponectin on cardiometabolic tissues, identify scenarios where enhancing adiponectin action would be of clinical value and finally discuss approaches via which this can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Metabolic Disease Research Division, iCarbonX Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Liu
| | - Vivian Vu
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Gary Sweeney
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17
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Beneficial Effects of Resveratrol Administration-Focus on Potential Biochemical Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Conditions. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111813. [PMID: 30469326 PMCID: PMC6266814 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RV) is a natural non-flavonoid polyphenol and phytoalexin produced by a number of plants such as peanuts, grapes, red wine and berries. Numerous in vitro studies have shown promising results of resveratrol usage as antioxidant, antiplatelet or anti-inflammatory agent. Beneficial effects of resveratrol activity probably result from its ability to purify the body from ROS (reactive oxygen species), inhibition of COX (cyclooxygenase) and activation of many anti-inflammatory pathways. Administration of the polyphenol has a potential to slow down the development of CVD (cardiovascular disease) by influencing on certain risk factors such as development of diabetes or atherosclerosis. Resveratrol induced an increase in Sirtuin-1 level, which by disrupting the TLR4/NF-κB/STAT signal cascade (toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor κ-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells/signal transducer and activator of transcription) reduces production of cytokines in activated microglia. Resveratrol caused an attenuation of macrophage/mast cell-derived pro-inflammatory factors such as PAF (platelet-activating factor), TNF-α (tumour necrosis factor-α and histamine. Endothelial and anti-oxidative effect of resveratrol may contribute to better outcomes in stroke management. By increasing BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) serum concentration and inducing NOS-3 (nitric oxide synthase-3) activity resveratrol may have possible therapeutical effects on cognitive impairments and dementias especially in those characterized by defective cerebrovascular blood flow.
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18
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Li XN, Ma LY, Ji H, Qin YH, Jin SS, Xu LX. Resveratrol protects against oxidative stress by activating the Keap-1/Nrf2 antioxidant defense system in obese-asthmatic rats. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4339-4348. [PMID: 30542383 PMCID: PMC6257826 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential mechanism underlying the anti-obesity-asthmatic effects of resveratrol (RSV) in a rat model of obese-asthma. Rat models of obesity and asthma were established using a high-fat diet and the administration of ovalbumin, respectively. Rats were divided into 7 different groups: A normal control, a normal obese, a normal asthma, a normal obese + asthma, a RSV obese, a RSV asthma and a RSV obese + asthma group. Body weight, Lee index, body fat and lung histopathological changes were evaluated. Serum lipid levels were evaluated using calorimetric methods. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Cellular antioxidant enzyme activities were measured using commercial kits. Levels of kelch-like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap-1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was examined using western blot analysis. The results indicated that obese and asthma rat models were successfully established. It was also demonstrated that RSV decreased fasting blood glucose in obese, asthmatic and obese-asthmatic rats. RSV altered serum lipid levels; it significantly increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and significantly decreased serum triglyceride, serum total cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein levels, compared with untreated obese, asthmatic and obese-asthmatic rats (P<0.05). ROS levels were significantly decreased in the RSV treatment group compared with obese, asthmatic and obese-asthmatic rats (P<0.05). RSV treatment significantly increased catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and total superoxide dismutase levels compared with untreated obese, asthmatic and obese-asthmatic rats (P<0.05). Furthermore, RSV treatment significantly downregulated Keap-1 and upregulated Nrf2 levels in the heart, lung and kidney tissues of rats compared with untreated controls. Therefore, the results demonstrate that RSV protects against oxidative stress by activating the Keap-1/Nrf2 antioxidant defense system in obese-asthmatic rat models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Nan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Lu-Yi Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Hong Ji
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Hua Qin
- Department of Parasitology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Shan-Shan Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xin Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
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Wiciński M, Leis K, Szyperski P, Węclewicz M, Mazur E, Pawlak-Osińska K. Impact of resveratrol on exercise performance: A review. Sci Sports 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Wiciński M, Wódkiewicz E, Słupski M, Walczak M, Socha M, Malinowski B, Pawlak-Osińska K. Neuroprotective Activity of Sitagliptin via Reduction of Neuroinflammation beyond the Incretin Effect: Focus on Alzheimer's Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6091014. [PMID: 30186862 PMCID: PMC6116461 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6091014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sitagliptin is a member of a class of drugs that inhibit dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP-4). It increases the levels of the active form of incretins such as GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) or GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide) and by their means positively affects glucose metabolism. It is successfully applied in the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. The most recent scientific reports suggest beneficial effect of sitagliptin on diseases in which neuron damage occurs. Result of experimental studies may indicate a reducing influence of sitagliptin on inflammatory response within encephalon area. Sitagliptin decreased the levels of proinflammatory factors: TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), IL-6 (interleukin-6), IL-17 (interleukin-17), and CD-163 (cluster of differentiation 163), and contributed to an increase in levels of anti-inflammatory factors: IL-10 (interleukin-10) and TGF-β (transforming growth factor β). Moreover, sitagliptin demonstrated antioxidative and antiapoptotic properties by modifying glutamate and glutathione levels within the region of hippocampus in mice. It has been observed that sitagliptin decreases accumulation of β-amyloid within encephalon structures in experimental models of Alzheimer's dementia. This effect may be connected with SDF-1α (stromal cell-derived factor 1α) concentration. Administration of sitagliptin caused a significant improvement in MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) tests used for assessment of dementias. The paper presents potential mechanisms of sitagliptin activity in conditions connected with neuroinflammation with special emphasis on Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Wiciński
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Eryk Wódkiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Słupski
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Walczak
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Socha
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Bartosz Malinowski
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pawlak-Osińska
- Department of Pathophysiology of Hearing and Balance System, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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