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Ma Y, Wang Q, Chen Y, Su J, Gao Q, Fan Y, Feng J, Liu M, He Q. Correlation of DHEA with diabetic nephropathy and its clinical value in early detection. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:1695-1702. [PMID: 35726691 PMCID: PMC9533038 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction This study was carried out to assess the association of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) with diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to better predict the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Materials and Methods A total of 1,082 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital were enrolled in this study, and grouped for comparison. The effect of serum DHEA on DN was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic curves were established to explore the optimal concentration of DHEA in patients with DN and non‐DN. Results DHEA was significantly decreased in patients with DN (P < 0.001). The prevalence of DN was significantly higher in the low DHEA quartile than in the other quartiles (P < 0.001). Spearman‐related analysis showed that DHEA levels were negatively correlated with patient age, course of diabetes, systolic blood pressure, blood creatinine, uric acid, urine albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio, 24‐h urine microalbumin, 24‐h urine protein quantification and glomerular filtration rate, and positively correlated with body mass index, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein. Logistic regression analysis showed that the effect of DHEA on DN was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the sensitivity was 81.4%, the specificity was 70% and the area under the curve was 0.812 when the optimal cut‐off value was 1,640 (pg/mL). Conclusion DHEA is significantly associated with DN and might be a protective factor for DN, and is important for the prediction of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Tianjin Medical University;No.22, Meteorological Observatory Road, Heping District, Tianjin, Tianjin, China, 300070
| | - Qian Wang
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, 154 Anshan Road Heping District Tianjin, Tianjin, China, 300052
| | - Yunxia Chen
- Cangzhou People's Hospital,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolis, No.7 Qingchi Road, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China, 061000
| | - Junping Su
- Cangzhou People's Hospital,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolis, No.7 Qingchi Road, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China, 061000
| | - Qian Gao
- Cangzhou People's Hospital,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolis, No.7 Qingchi Road, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China, 061000
| | - Yuxin Fan
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolis, 54 Anshan Road Heping District Tianjin, Tianjin, China, 300052
| | - Jing Feng
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolis, 54 Anshan Road Heping District Tianjin, Tianjin, China, 300052
| | - Qing He
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolis, 54 Anshan Road Heping District Tianjin, Tianjin, China, 300052
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Fu J, Hu X. Simvastatin alleviates epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and oxidative stress of high glucose‑induced lens epithelial cells in vitro by inhibiting RhoA/ROCK signaling. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:420. [PMID: 35601076 PMCID: PMC9117960 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cataracts (DC) is one of the main causes of blindness among patients with diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of simvastatin on lens epithelial cells in DC and the underlying mechanism. The viability of SRA01/04 cells treated with different concentrations of simvastatin was detected using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay before and after high glucose (HG) treatment. The expression levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), proteins associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), in addition to RhoA, Rho-associated kinases (ROCK)1 and ROCK2, proteins related to RhoA/ROCK signaling, were also measured in SRA01/04 cells treated with HG and simvastatin, with or without U46619, using western blot analysis. DCFH-DA dyes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH)/glutathione disulfide (GSSG) kits were used to measure the levels of oxidative stress parameters in SRA01/04 cells treated with HG and simvastatin with or without U46619. The cell viability of SRA01/04 cells treated with simvastatin was found to be significantly elevated after HG treatment. The protein expression levels of E-cadherin were increased but those of N-cadherin, Vimentin and α-SMA decreased after HG and simvastatin treatment, and this was reversed by U46619. The levels of SOD and GSH-GSSG were found to be increased whereas reactive oxygen species levels were decreased, effects that were reversed by U46619. Additionally, the protein expression levels of RhoA, ROCK1 and ROCK2 were markedly decreased. These findings provided evidence that simvastatin increased HG-induced SRA01/04 cell viability and exerted inhibitory effects on EMT and oxidative stress that occurs during DC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Yueqing, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325608, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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Wang F, Fan J, Pei T, He Z, Zhang J, Ju L, Han Z, Wang M, Xiao W. Effects of Shenkang Pills on Early-Stage Diabetic Nephropathy in db/db Mice via Inhibiting AURKB/RacGAP1/RhoA Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:781806. [PMID: 35222021 PMCID: PMC8873791 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.781806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, so there is an urgent need to suppress its development at early stage. Shenkang pills (SKP) are a hospital prescription selected and optimized from effective traditional Chinese medicinal formulas for clinical treatment of DN. In the present study, liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) and total contents qualification were applied to generate a quality control standard of SKP. For verifying the therapeutic effects of SKP, db/db mice were administered intragastrically with SKP at a human-equivalent dose (1.82 g/kg) for 4 weeks. Moreover, the underlying mechanism of SKP were analyzed by the renal RNA sequencing and network pharmacology. LC-Q-TOF-MS identified 46 compounds in SKP. The total polysaccharide and organic acid content in SKP were 4.60 and 0.11 mg/ml, respectively, while the total flavonoid, saponin, and protein content were 0.25, 0.31, and 0.42 mg/ml, respectively. Treatment of SKP significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, improved renal function, and ameliorated glomerulosclerosis and focal foot processes effacement in db/db mice. In addition, SKP protected podocytes from injury by increasing nephrin and podocin expression. Furthermore, transcriptome analyses revealed that 430 and 288 genes were up and down-regulated in mice treated with SKP, relative to untreated controls. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes mainly involved in modulation of cell division and chromosome segregation. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis and network pharmacology analysis indicated that aurora kinase B (AURKB), Rac GTPase activating protein 1 (RacGAP1) and SHC binding, and spindle associated 1 (shcbp1) might be the core targets of SKP. This protein and Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) were found overexpression in db/db mice, but significantly decreased with SKP treatment. We conclude that SKP can effectively treat early-stage DN and improve renal podocyte dysfunction. The mechanism may involve down-regulation of the AURKB/RacGAP1/RhoA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Xiao
- *Correspondence: Mingqing Wang, ; Wei Xiao,
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4
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The Role of Vitamin D in Diabetic Nephropathy: A Translational Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020807. [PMID: 35054991 PMCID: PMC8775873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
According to several animal and human studies, vitamin D appears to play a significant role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. However, the possible renoprotective effect of vitamin D and its influence on the reversal of already existing renal damage remains doubtful. At this moment, there are a few hypotheses concerning the underlying molecular and genetic mechanisms including the link between vitamin D and inflammation, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix accumulation. The present review aims to investigate the potential role of vitamin D in the development of diabetic kidney disease from a translational approach.
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Hu PP, Bao JF, Li A. Roles for fibroblast growth factor-23 and α-Klotho in acute kidney injury. Metabolism 2021; 116:154435. [PMID: 33220250 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury is a global disease with high morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have revealed that the fibroblast growth factor-23-α-Klotho axis is closely related to chronic kidney disease, and has multiple biological functions beyond bone-mineral metabolism. However, although dysregulation of fibroblast growth factor-23-α-Klotho has been observed in acute kidney injury, the role of fibroblast growth factor-23-α-Klotho in the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury remains largely unknown. In this review, we describe recent findings regarding fibroblast growth factor-23-α-Klotho, which is mainly involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and hemodynamic disorders. Further, based on these recent results, we put forth novel insights regarding the relationship between the fibroblast growth factor-23-α-Klotho axis and acute kidney injury, which may provide new therapeutic targets for treating acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Pan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Fu Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China.
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6
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Protective Role of Vitamin D in Renal Tubulopathies. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10030115. [PMID: 32204545 PMCID: PMC7142711 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10030115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is tightly linked with renal tubular homeostasis: the mitochondria of proximal convoluted tubule cells are the production site of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Patients with renal impairment or tubular injury often suffer from chronic inflammation. This alteration comes from oxidative stress, acidosis, decreased clearance of inflammatory cytokines and stimulation of inflammatory factors. The challenge is to find the right formula for each patient to correctly modulate the landscape of treatment and preserve the essential functions of the organism without perturbating its homeostasis. The complexity of the counter-regulation mechanisms and the different axis involved in the Vitamin D equilibrium pose a major issue on Vitamin D as a potential effective anti-inflammatory drug. The therapeutic use of this compound should be able to inhibit the development of inflammation without interfering with normal homeostasis. Megalin-Cubilin-Amnionless and the FGF23-Klotho axis represent two Vitamin D-linked mechanisms that could modulate and ameliorate the damage response at the renal tubular level, balancing Vitamin D therapy with an effect potent enough to contrast the inflammatory cascades, but which avoids potential severe side effects.
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Hu Z, Zhang H, Yi B, Yang S, Liu J, Hu J, Wang J, Cao K, Zhang W. VDR activation attenuate cisplatin induced AKI by inhibiting ferroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:73. [PMID: 31996668 PMCID: PMC6989512 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2256-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Our preliminary work has revealed that vitamin D receptor (VDR) activation is protective against cisplatin induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Ferroptosis was recently reported to be involved in AKI. Here in this study, we investigated the internal relation between ferroptosis and the protective effect of VDR in cisplatin induced AKI. By using ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 and measurement of ferroptotic cell death phenotype in both in vivo and in vitro cisplatin induced AKI model, we observed the decreased blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and tissue injury by ferrostatin-1, hence validated the essential involvement of ferroptosis in cisplatin induced AKI. VDR agonist paricalcitol could both functionally and histologically attenuate cisplatin induced AKI by decreasing lipid peroxidation (featured phenotype of ferroptosis), biomarker 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), and malondialdehyde (MDA), while reversing glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4, key regulator of ferroptosis) downregulation. VDR knockout mouse exhibited much more ferroptotic cell death and worsen kidney injury than wild type mice. And VDR deficiency remarkably decreased the expression of GPX4 under cisplatin stress in both in vivo and in vitro, further luciferase reporter gene assay showed that GPX4 were target gene of transcription factor VDR. In addition, in vitro study showed that GPX4 inhibition by siRNA largely abolished the protective effect of paricalcitol against cisplatin induced tubular cell injury. Besides, pretreatment of paricalcitol could also alleviated Erastin (an inducer of ferroptosis) induced cell death in HK-2 cell. These data suggested that ferroptosis plays an important role in cisplatin induced AKI. VDR activation can protect against cisplatin induced renal injury by inhibiting ferroptosis partly via trans-regulation of GPX4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jianwen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China.
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Zhang NN, Kang JS, Liu SS, Gu SM, Song ZP, Li FX, Wang LF, Yao L, Li T, Li LL, Wang Y, Li XJ, Mao XM. Flavanomarein inhibits high glucose-stimulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HK-2 cells via targeting spleen tyrosine kinase. Sci Rep 2020; 10:439. [PMID: 31949205 PMCID: PMC6965095 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57360-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavanomarein (FM) is a major natural compound of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt with protective effects against diabetic nephropathy (DN). In this study, we investigated the effects of FM on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in high glucose (HG)-stimulated human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) and the underlying mechanisms, including both direct targets and downstream signal-related proteins. The influence of FM on EMT marker proteins was evaluated via western blot. Potential target proteins of FM were searched using Discovery Studio 2017 R2. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was conducted to enrich the proteins within the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network for biological processes. Specific binding of FM to target proteins was examined via molecular dynamics and surface plasmon resonance analyses (SPR). FM promoted the proliferation of HK-2 cells stimulated with HG and inhibited EMT through the Syk/TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) was predicted to be the most likely directly interacting protein with FM. Combined therapy with a Syk inhibitor and FM presents significant potential as an effective novel therapeutic strategy for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Jin-Sen Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Shuai-Shuai Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Si-Meng Gu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Feng-Xiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Li-Feng Wang
- Department of Physiology, Preclinical School, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Lan Yao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Preclinical College, XinJiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Lin-Lin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Xue-Jun Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xin-Min Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. .,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China.
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9
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Chang LC, Sun HL, Tsai CH, Kuo CW, Liu KL, Lii CK, Huang CS, Li CC. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 attenuates indoxyl sulfate-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition via inactivation of PI3K/Akt/β-catenin signaling in renal tubular epithelial cells. Nutrition 2019; 69:110554. [PMID: 31536856 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.110554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Indoxyl sulfate (IS), a uremic toxin, has been shown to promote the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human proximal tubular cells and to accelerate the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Despite the well-known protective role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2 D3] in EMT, the effect of 1,25(OH)2 D3 on IS-induced EMT in human proximal tubular epithelial cells and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether IS (0-1 mM) dose-dependently inhibited the protein expression of E-cadherin and increased the protein expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, N-cadherin, and fibronectin. METHODS This study investigated the molecular mechanism by which 1,25(OH)2 D3 attenuates IS-induced EMT. HK-2 human renal tubular epithelial cells was used as the study model, and the MTT assay, Western Blotting, siRNA knockdown technique were used to explore the effects of 1,25(OH)2 D3 on EMT in the presence of IS. RESULTS Pretreatment with 1,25(OH)2 D3 inhibited the IS-induced EMT-associated protein expression in HK-2 cells. IS induced the phosphorylation of Akt (S473) and β-catenin (S552) and subsequently increased the nuclear accumulation of β-catenin. Pretreatment with 1,25(OH)2 D3 and LY294002 (phosphoinositide 3-kinase [PIK3] inhibitor) significantly inhibited the IS-induced phosphorylation of Akt and β-catenin, nuclear β-catenin accumulation, and EMT-associated protein expression. CONCLUSIONS Results from the present study revealed that the anti-EMT effect of 1,25(OH)2 D3 is likely through inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/β-catenin pathway, which leads to down-regulation of IS-driven EMT-associated protein expression in HK-2 human renal tubular epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chien Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Lun Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Han Tsai
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Li Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Kuei Lii
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Shiu Huang
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chun Li
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Yang S, Li A, Wang J, Liu J, Han Y, Zhang W, Li YC, Zhang H. Vitamin D Receptor: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Kidney Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2018; 25:3256-3271. [PMID: 29446731 PMCID: PMC6142412 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180214122352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney disease is a serious problem that adversely affects human health, but critical knowledge is lacking on how to effectively treat established chronic kidney disease. Mounting evidence from animal and clinical studies has suggested that Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) activation has beneficial effects on various renal diseases. METHODS A structured search of published research literature regarding VDR structure and function, VDR in various renal diseases (e.g., IgA nephropathy, idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, renal cell carcinoma, diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis) and therapies targeting VDR was performed for several databases. RESULT Included in this study are the results from 177 published research articles. Evidence from these papers indicates that VDR activation is involved in the protection against renal injury in kidney diseases by a variety of mechanisms, including suppression of RAS activation, anti-inflammation, inhibiting renal fibrogenesis, restoring mitochondrial function, suppression of autoimmunity and renal cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION VDR offers an attractive druggable target for renal diseases. Increasing our understanding of VDR in the kidney is a fertile area of research and may provide effective weapons in the fight against kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hao Zhang
- Address correspondence to this author is at the Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Tel: 86-731-88638238; E-mail:
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