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Fu J, Xiao J, Tu S, Sheng Q, Yi G, Wang J, Sheng O. Plantain flour: A potential anti-obesity ingredient for intestinal flora regulation and improved hormone secretion. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1027762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionDevelopment of functional food ingredients with anti-obesity is a growing interest in the global food industry. Plantain (Musa spp. AAB), a special type of cooking/starchy banana, is widely growing in African and Latin American countries. The flour made from unripe plantain pulp, which is considered as a natural source of indigestible carbohydrates such as resistant starch (RS), could be used in the formulation of diverse functional foods due to its anti-obesity properties. However, the mechanisms underlying the anti-obesity properties of plantain flour are not explored.MethodsIn this study, we investigated the changes in serum hormone levels, liver transcriptome profiles, and the modulation of gut microbiota in high-fat-fed Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The male SD rats were divided into six groups, viz. two control groups [non-obese (NC) or obese (OC)] which were not given the supplementation, one positive control (PC) group which received orlistat supplementation (60 mg/kg body weight/day), and three groups of obese rats which were supplemented with unripe plantain flour (UPF) at a dosage (body weight/day) of 1.25 g/kg (low-dose, LD), 2.50 g/kg (intermediate-dose, MD) or 5.0 g/kg (high-dose, HD).Results and discussionIt was found that UPF supplementation could lower the insulin levels of the obese rats. Moreover, UPF supplementation had a positive impact on gut microbiota, decreasing the relative abundances of Blautia, Parasutterella and Fusicatenibacter which were closely related to obesity, and increasing the relative abundances of probiotics (Allobaculum, Romboutsia, Staphylococcus, and Bacteroides). The spearman correlation analysis revealed that UPF supplementation reduced the relative abundance of Parasutterella and possibly decreased the blood sugar levels, leading to a decrease in the relative abundances of Blautia and Fusicatenibacter and a subsequent decrease in insulin levels. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis of the liver tissues displayed that the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-1α (PPAR) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway genes (Pparaa, Cpt1a, Prkaa1, Prkab1, Prkaa2, and Ppargc1a) were upregulated in those groups supplemented with UPF. These results indicated that UPF could mediate the glucolipid metabolism in the obese rats. Taken together, our findings suggested that the anti-obesity properties of UPF could be achieved by decreasing the insulin levels, positive-regulating of the gut microbiota composition as well as altering gene expression related to glucolipid metabolism.
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Wu M, Chi C, Yang Y, Guo S, Li T, Gu M, Zhang T, Gao H, Liu R, Yin C. Dynamics of gut microbiota during pregnancy in women with TPOAb-positive subclinical hypothyroidism: a prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:592. [PMID: 35883066 PMCID: PMC9316685 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04923-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) positivity can contribute to inhibit thyroxine synthesis. Gut microbiota can interact with metabolic or immune diseases. However, dynamics of gut microbiota from the second (T2) to the third trimester (T3) in women with TPOAb-positive/negative subclinical hypothyroidism (TPOAb+/TPOAb− SCH) have not been reported. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether gut microbiota can be potential therapeutic targets for managing TPOAb+ SCH. Methods In this single-center prospective cohort study, we observed gut microbiota dynamics by sequencing 16S rRNA from fecal samples collected in T2 (20–23+ 6 weeks) and T3 (28–33+ 6 weeks). TPOAb+/TPOAb− SCH were stratified depending on whether or not they used levothyroxine (LT4) during the pregnancy (LT4+/LT4−). Microbiome bioinformatics analyses were performed using QIIME2. The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) was used for the quantitative analysis of biomarkers. Functional profiling was performed with PICRUSt2. Results Distinct gut microbiota dynamics from T2 to T3 were noted in the TPOAb− (n = 68) and TPOAb+ (n = 64) SCH groups. The TPOAb+ LT4− group was characterized by enriched bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) of Prevotella in T2 and Bacteria, Lachnospirales, Lachnospiraceae, Blautia, and Agathobacter in T3 and by depleted ASVs of Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacterales, and Enterobacteriaceae in T2 and Actinobacteriota, Coriobacteriia, Actinobacteria, Coriobacteriales, Bifidobacteriales, Bifidobacteriaceae, Bifidobacterium, Dorea formicigenerans, and Bifidobacterium longum in T3. The TPOAb+ LT4+ group was characterized by enriched bacterial ASVs of Blautia, Streptococcus salivarius, and Bifidobacterium longum in T3 and by depleted ASVs of Bacteroidota, Bacteroidia, Bacteroidales, and Prevotella in T2 and Agathobacter in T3. Moreover, we identified 53 kinds of metabolic functions that were mainly involved in sugar, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. Conclusions Our results indicated that low dynamics of gut microbiota composition and high dynamics of its metabolic function from T2 to T3 were associated with TPOAb+ SCH. We concluded that gut microbiota could be new targets for treatment of TPOAb+ SCH during pregnancy. Trial registration This study was retrospectively registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number ChiCTR2100047175) on June 10, 2021. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-022-04923-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Cheng Chi
- School of Nursing, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Yuxi Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Shan Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Tianhe Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Muqing Gu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Huimin Gao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Ruixia Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China.
| | - Chenghong Yin
- School of Nursing, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China.
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De D, Nayak T, Chowdhury S, Dhal PK. Insights of Host Physiological Parameters and Gut Microbiome of Indian Type 2 Diabetic Patients Visualized via Metagenomics and Machine Learning Approaches. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:914124. [PMID: 35923393 PMCID: PMC9340226 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.914124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a serious public health issue and may also contribute to modification in the structure of the intestinal microbiota, implying a link between T2D and microbial inhabitants in the digestive tract. This work aimed to develop efficient models for identifying essential physiological markers for improved T2D classification using machine learning algorithms. Using amplicon metagenomic approaches, an effort has also been made to understand the alterations in core gut microbial members in Indian T2D patients with respect to their control normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Our data indicate the level of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were the most useful physiological indicators while random forest and support vector machine with RBF Kernel were effective predictions models for identifications of T2D. The dominating gut microbial members Allopreotella, Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group, Haemophilus, Ruminococcus torques group, etc. in Indian T2D patients showed a strong association with both FBG and HbA1c. These members have been reported to have a crucial role in gut barrier breakdown, blood glucose, and lipopolysaccharide level escalation, or as biomarkers. While the dominant NGT microbiota (Akkermansia, Ligilactobacillus, Enterobacter, etc.) in the colon has been shown to influence inflammatory immune responses by acting as an anti-inflammatory agent and maintaining the gut barrier. The topology study of co-occurrence network analysis indicates that changes in network complexity in T2D lead to variations in the different gut microbial members compared to NGT. These studies provide a better understanding of the gut microbial diversity in Indian T2D patients and show the way for the development of valuable diagnostics strategies to improve the prediction and modulation of the T2D along with already established methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debjit De
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Tilak Nayak
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhankar Chowdhury
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER) and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Paltu Kumar Dhal
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
- *Correspondence: Paltu Kumar Dhal
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Wu M, Yang Y, Fan Y, Guo S, Li T, Gu M, Zhang T, Gao H, Liu R, Yin C. Characteristics of the Intestinal Flora of TPOAb-Positive Women With Subclinical Hypothyroidism in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy: A Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:794170. [PMID: 35663464 PMCID: PMC9160305 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.794170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnant women are at high risk of developing subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) positivity can further inhibit thyroxine synthesis. Emerging evidence indicates that intestinal flora can modulate metabolic and immune homeostasis. The characteristics of intestinal flora of TPOAb-positive women with SCH in their second trimester of pregnancy have not been reported. This single-center prospective observational cohort study investigated gut microbial composition and metabolic function using sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene in fecal samples from 75 TPOAb-positive women with SCH and 90 TPOAb-negative women with SCH during their second trimester of pregnancy. Women were treated with no levothyroxine (LT4), low-dose LT4 (≤50ug/d), or high-dose LT4 (>50ug/d). Taxonomic analysis showed Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla, followed by Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella 9, Bifidobacterium, Subdoligranulum, Lachnospira, and Megamonas were the predominant genera. The intestinal flora of TPOAb-positive women with SCH who received no LT4 was characterized by bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs)/operational taxonomic units (OTUs) enriched in the genus Subdoligranulum. The intestinal flora of TPOAb-positive women with SCH who received low-dose or high-dose LT4 were characterized by bacterial ASVs/OTUs depleted of the species Ruminococcus sp._or Bacteroides massiliensis, respectively. A total of 19 metabolic functions of intestinal flora, mainly involving lipid and amino acid metabolism, discriminated TPOAb-positive and TPOAb-negative women with SCH. Our study suggests that there are differences in the composition and metabolic function of intestinal flora of TPOAb-positive and TPOAb-negative women with SCH treated with different doses of LT4 in the second trimester of pregnancy. The findings provide insight into intestinal flora as novel targets for the treatment of TPOAb-positive women with SCH during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxi Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Fan
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianhe Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Muqing Gu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Gao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruixia Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chenghong Yin, ; Ruixia Liu,
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chenghong Yin, ; Ruixia Liu,
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López-Moreno A, Acuña I, Torres-Sánchez A, Ruiz-Moreno Á, Cerk K, Rivas A, Suárez A, Monteoliva-Sánchez M, Aguilera M. Next Generation Probiotics for Neutralizing Obesogenic Effects: Taxa Culturing Searching Strategies. Nutrients 2021; 13:1617. [PMID: 34065873 PMCID: PMC8151043 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of diet, lifestyle, and the exposure to food obesogens categorized into "microbiota disrupting chemicals" (MDC) could determine obesogenic-related dysbiosis and modify the microbiota diversity that impacts on individual health-disease balances, inducing altered pathogenesis phenotypes. Specific, complementary, and combined treatments are needed to face these altered microbial patterns and the specific misbalances triggered. In this sense, searching for next-generation beneficial microbes or next-generation probiotics (NGP) by microbiota culturing, and focusing on their demonstrated, extensive scope and well-defined functions could contribute to counteracting and repairing the effects of obesogens. Therefore, this review presents a perspective through compiling information and key strategies for directed searching and culturing of NGP that could be administered for obesity and endocrine-related dysbiosis by (i) observing the differential abundance of specific microbiota taxa in obesity-related patients and analyzing their functional roles, (ii) developing microbiota-directed strategies for culturing these taxa groups, and (iii) applying the successful compiled criteria from recent NGP clinical studies. New isolated or cultivable microorganisms from healthy gut microbiota specifically related to obesogens' neutralization effects might be used as an NGP single strain or in consortia, both presenting functions and the ability to palliate metabolic-related disorders. Identification of holistic approaches for searching and using potential NGP, key aspects, the bias, gaps, and proposals of solutions are also considered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana López-Moreno
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.R.-M.); (K.C.); (M.M.-S.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Inmaculada Acuña
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.A.); (A.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Alfonso Torres-Sánchez
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.R.-M.); (K.C.); (M.M.-S.)
| | - Ángel Ruiz-Moreno
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.R.-M.); (K.C.); (M.M.-S.)
| | - Klara Cerk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.R.-M.); (K.C.); (M.M.-S.)
| | - Ana Rivas
- IBS, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, 18012 Granada, Spain;
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Suárez
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.A.); (A.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Mercedes Monteoliva-Sánchez
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.R.-M.); (K.C.); (M.M.-S.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Margarita Aguilera
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.R.-M.); (K.C.); (M.M.-S.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.A.); (A.S.)
- IBS, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, 18012 Granada, Spain;
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Stamps BW, Lyon WJ, Irvin AP, Kelley-Loughnane N, Goodson MS. A Pilot Study of the Effect of Deployment on the Gut Microbiome and Traveler's Diarrhea Susceptibility. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:589297. [PMID: 33384968 PMCID: PMC7770225 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.589297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Traveler's diarrhea (TD) is a recurrent and significant issue for many travelers including the military. While many known enteric pathogens exist that are causative agents of diarrhea, our gut microbiome may also play a role in TD susceptibility. To this end, we conducted a pilot study of the microbiome of warfighters prior to- and after deployment overseas to identify marker taxa relevant to TD. This initial study utilized full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing to provide additional taxonomic resolution toward identifying predictive taxa.16S rRNA analyses of pre- and post-deployment fecal samples identified multiple marker taxa as significantly differentially abundant in subjects that reported diarrhea, including Weissella, Butyrivibrio, Corynebacterium, uncultivated Erysipelotrichaceae, Jeotgallibaca, unclassified Ktedonobacteriaceae, Leptolinea, and uncultivated Ruminiococcaceae. The ability to identify TD risk prior to travel will inform prevention and mitigation strategies to influence diarrhea susceptibility while traveling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake W. Stamps
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, United States
- Integrative Health and Performance Sciences Division, UES Inc., Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Wanda J. Lyon
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, United States
| | - Adam P. Irvin
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, United States
| | - Nancy Kelley-Loughnane
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, United States
| | - Michael S. Goodson
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, United States
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Oduaran OH, Tamburini FB, Sahibdeen V, Brewster R, Gómez-Olivé FX, Kahn K, Norris SA, Tollman SM, Twine R, Wade AN, Wagner RG, Lombard Z, Bhatt AS, Hazelhurst S. Gut microbiome profiling of a rural and urban South African cohort reveals biomarkers of a population in lifestyle transition. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:330. [PMID: 33129264 PMCID: PMC7603784 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-02017-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comparisons of traditional hunter-gatherers and pre-agricultural communities in Africa with urban and suburban Western North American and European cohorts have clearly shown that diet, lifestyle and environment are associated with gut microbiome composition. Yet, little is known about the gut microbiome composition of most communities in the very diverse African continent. South Africa comprises a richly diverse ethnolinguistic population that is experiencing an ongoing epidemiological transition and concurrent spike in the prevalence of obesity, largely attributed to a shift towards more Westernized diets and increasingly inactive lifestyle practices. To characterize the microbiome of African adults living in more mainstream lifestyle settings and investigate associations between the microbiome and obesity, we conducted a pilot study, designed collaboratively with community leaders, in two South African cohorts representative of urban and transitioning rural populations. As the rate of overweight and obesity is particularly high in women, we collected single time-point stool samples from 170 HIV-negative women (51 at Soweto; 119 at Bushbuckridge), performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing on these samples and compared the data to concurrently collected anthropometric data. RESULTS We found the overall gut microbiome of our cohorts to be reflective of their ongoing epidemiological transition. Specifically, we find that geographical location was more important for sample clustering than lean/obese status and observed a relatively higher abundance of the Melainabacteria, Vampirovibrio, a predatory bacterium, in Bushbuckridge. Also, Prevotella, despite its generally high prevalence in the cohorts, showed an association with obesity. In comparisons with benchmarked datasets representative of non-Western populations, relatively higher abundance values were observed in our dataset for Barnesiella (log2fold change (FC) = 4.5), Alistipes (log2FC = 3.9), Bacteroides (log2FC = 4.2), Parabacteroides (log2FC = 3.1) and Treponema (log2FC = 1.6), with the exception of Prevotella (log2FC = - 4.7). CONCLUSIONS Altogether, this work identifies putative microbial features associated with host health in a historically understudied community undergoing an epidemiological transition. Furthermore, we note the crucial role of community engagement to the success of a study in an African setting, the importance of more population-specific studies to inform targeted interventions as well as present a basic foundation for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. H. Oduaran
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service, and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - F. B. Tamburini
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - V. Sahibdeen
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service, and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - R. Brewster
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - F. X. Gómez-Olivé
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- INDEPTH Network, East Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - K. Kahn
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- INDEPTH Network, East Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - S. A. Norris
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - S. M. Tollman
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- INDEPTH Network, East Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - R. Twine
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - A. N. Wade
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - R. G. Wagner
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- INDEPTH Network, East Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Z. Lombard
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service, and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - A. S. Bhatt
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
- Department of Medicine (Hematology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - S. Hazelhurst
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Qian L, Huang J, Qin H. Probiotics and dietary intervention modulate the colonic mucosa-associated microbiota in high-fat diet populations. TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2020; 31:295-304. [PMID: 32412900 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2020.19013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Alterations in the gut microbiota due to a high-fat diet and diet-induced illness have been found in both mouse models and humans. Observational studies suggest that probiotic administration and diet shifts may treat diet-related diseases. However, the effect of these interventions on the colonic mucosa has not yet been elucidated. This study investigated the efficacy of probiotic supplementation and dietary intervention as prophylactic tools under high-fat diet conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 36 volunteers that normally consumed a high-fat diet were enrolled and treated with either a control diet, a low-fat dietary intervention, Bifidobacterium triple viable capsule therapy, or a combination of a low-fat diet and Bifidobacterium triple viable capsule therapy. Pyrosequencing of the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rRNA genes was conducted to determine the extent to which probiotics and dietary intervention altered the mucosal microbiota. RESULTS This study demonstrated that interventional treatment with probiotics and a low-fat diet increased the diversity of the mucosal microbes, dietary intervention alone produced the most significant effect, whereas the combined intervention exhibited no synergetic improvement. Pyrosequencing demonstrated that probiotics and dietary intervention significantly elevated the abundance of some bacterial taxa assigned to the phylum Firmicutes and the beneficial genera Prevotella, Gemmiger, Coprococcus, and Faecalibacterium and reduced some harmful bacterial taxa assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and genus Streptophyta. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggested that the addition of probiotics and dietary intervention could improve the composition of the colonic mucosal microbiota in high-fat diet populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leimin Qian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianming Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huanlong Qin
- The Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Qian L, Gao R, Huang J, Qin H. Supplementation of triple viable probiotics combined with dietary intervention is associated with gut microbial improvement in humans on a high-fat diet. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:2262-2270. [PMID: 31452713 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous animal studies have demonstrated that oral probiotics may have a beneficial role in preventing obesity, inflammatory bowel disease and even colorectal cancer, which are all associated with a high-fat diet (HFD). However, the underlying beneficial effects of combined probiotic and dietary intervention on the gut microbiota of 'non-patient' individuals previously on an HFD have yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, fecal samples were obtained from 36 volunteers on a high-fat diet and after dietary intervention for 4 months, and 16S rDNA sequencing was applied to identify how probiotics and dietary intervention had altered the composition of the microbiota. The results demonstrated that probiotics treatment and dietary intervention in combination raised the diversity of lumen microbes compared with their individual applications. A markedly separated distribution (β-diversity) was observed, confirming the difference in gut microbiota composition among the treatment groups. Bacterial taxonomic analysis demonstrated that the relative abundance of 30 species was altered among the groups following dietary intervention and/or probiotic supplementation. The majority of the species that exhibited a population increase belonged to two butyrate-producing families, Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, whereas the species with reduced populations mainly belonged to the Bacteroidaceae family. Collectively, these results suggest that combined probiotic and dietary intervention is able to improve the gut microbiota composition of human subjects on an HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leimin Qian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
| | - Renyuan Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Jianming Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
| | - Huanlong Qin
- Department of General Surgery, The Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
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