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Chi W, Huang Y, Li P, Wang X, Li J, Meng F. Morphine Induced Neuroprotection in Ischemic Stroke by Activating Autophagy Via mTOR-Independent Activation of the JNK1/2 Pathway. Neurochem Res 2024:10.1007/s11064-024-04181-1. [PMID: 38837092 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04181-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Morphine (Mor) has exhibited efficacy in safeguarding neurons against ischemic injuries by simulating ischemic/hypoxic preconditioning (I/HPC). Concurrently, autophagy plays a pivotal role in neuronal survival during IPC against ischemic stroke. However, the involvement of autophagy in Mor-induced neuroprotection and the potential mechanisms remain elusive. Our experiments further confirmed the effect of Mor in cellular and animal models of ischemic stroke and explored its potential mechanism. The findings revealed that Mor enhanced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner by augmenting autophagy levels and autophagic flux in neurons subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Pretreatment of Mor improved neurological outcome and reduced infarct size in mice with middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) at 1, 7 and 14 days. Moreover, the use of autophagy inhibitors nullified the protective effects of Mor, leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, increased loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and neuronal apoptosis in OGD/R neurons. Results further demonstrated that Mor-induced autophagy activation was regulated by mTOR-independent activation of the c-Jun NH2- terminal kinase (JNK)1/2 Pathway, both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, these findings suggested Mor-induced neuroprotection by activating autophagy, which were regulated by JNK1/2 pathway in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Chi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250013, PR China
| | - Yaru Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250013, PR China
| | - Peilong Li
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, PR China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250013, PR China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, PR China
| | - Junfa Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250013, PR China.
- Department of Neurobiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Fanjun Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250013, PR China.
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Hejnova L, Hronova A, Drastichova Z, Novotny J. Long-term administration of morphine specifically alters the level of protein expression in different brain regions and affects the redox state. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220858. [PMID: 38681734 PMCID: PMC11049758 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated the changes in redox state and protein expression in selected parts of the rat brain induced by a 4 week administration of morphine (10 mg/kg/day). We found a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation that mostly persisted for 1 week after morphine withdrawal. Morphine treatment led to a significant increase in complex II in the cerebral cortex (Crt), which was accompanied by increased protein carbonylation, in contrast to the other brain regions studied. Glutathione levels were altered differently in the different brain regions after morphine treatment. Using label-free quantitative proteomic analysis, we found some specific changes in protein expression profiles in the Crt, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum on the day after morphine withdrawal and 1 week later. A common feature was the upregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins and dysregulation of the extracellular matrix. Our results indicate that the tested protocol of morphine administration has no significant toxic effect on the rat brain. On the contrary, it led to a decrease in lipid peroxidation and activation of anti-apoptotic proteins. Furthermore, our data suggest that long-term treatment with morphine acts specifically on different brain regions and that a 1 week drug withdrawal is not sufficient to normalize cellular redox state and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Hejnova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Hronova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Drastichova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Novotny
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Huang Y, Chi W, Li Y, Zhang C, Li J, Meng F. Morphine Preconditioning Alleviates Ischemia/Reperfusion-induced Caspase-8-dependent Neuronal Apoptosis through cPKCγ-NF-κB-cFLIPL Pathway. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2024:00008506-990000000-00103. [PMID: 38577840 DOI: 10.1097/ana.0000000000000963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perioperative cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury is a major contributor to postoperative death and cognitive dysfunction in patients. It was reported that morphine preconditioning (MP) can mimic ischemia/hypoxia preconditioning to protect against ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the mechanism of MP on the ischemia/reperfusion-induced neuronal apoptosis has not been fully clarified. METHODS The middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model of mice and the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in primary cortical neurons were used to mimic ischemic stroke. In vivo, the infarct size was measured by using TTC staining; NDSS, Longa score system, and beam balance test were performed to evaluate the neurological deficits of mice; the expression of the protein was detected by using a western blot. In vitro, the viability of neurons was determined by using CCK-8 assay; the expression of protein and mRNA were assessed by using western blot, RT-qPCR, and immunofluorescent staining; the level of apoptosis was detected by using TUNEL staining. RESULTS MP can improve the neurological functions of mice following MCAO/R (P<0.001, n=10 per group). MP can decrease the infarct size (P<0.001, n=10 per group) and the level of cleaved-caspase-3 of mice following MCAO/R (P<0.01 or 0.001, n=6 per group). MP can increase the levels of cPKCγ membrane translocation, p-p65, and cFLIPL, and decrease the levels of cleaved-caspase-8, 3 in neurons after OGD/R or MCAO/R 1 d (P<0.05, 0.01 or 0.001, n=6 per group). In addition, MP could alleviate OGD/R-induced cell apoptosis (P<0.001, n=6 per group). CONCLUSION MP alleviates ischemia/reperfusion-induced Caspase 8-dependent neuronal apoptosis through the cPKCγ-NF-κB-cFLIPL pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Wenying Chi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Chengzhen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Junfa Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, PR China
- Department of Neurobiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Fanjun Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, PR China
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Li J, Wu Y, Dong S, Yu Y, Wu Y, Xiang B, Li Q. Research Progress on Neuroprotective Effects of Isoquinoline Alkaloids. Molecules 2023; 28:4797. [PMID: 37375352 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal injury and apoptosis are important causes of the occurrence and development of many neurodegenerative diseases, such as cerebral ischemia, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Although the detailed mechanism of some diseases is unknown, the loss of neurons in the brain is still the main pathological feature. By exerting the neuroprotective effects of drugs, it is of great significance to alleviate the symptoms and improve the prognosis of these diseases. Isoquinoline alkaloids are important active ingredients in many traditional Chinese medicines. These substances have a wide range of pharmacological effects and significant activity. Although some studies have suggested that isoquinoline alkaloids may have pharmacological activities for treating neurodegenerative diseases, there is currently a lack of a comprehensive summary regarding their mechanisms and characteristics in neuroprotection. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the active components found in isoquinoline alkaloids that have neuroprotective effects. It thoroughly explains the various mechanisms behind the neuroprotective effects of isoquinoline alkaloids and summarizes their common characteristics. This information can serve as a reference for further research on the neuroprotective effects of isoquinoline alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Yarong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Shuze Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Ye Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Yuhao Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Benhan Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Qin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310013, China
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Bodnar RJ. Endogenous opiates and behavior: 2021. Peptides 2023; 164:171004. [PMID: 36990387 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper is the forty-fourth consecutive installment of the annual anthological review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, summarizing articles published during 2021 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides and receptors as well as effects of opioid/opiate agonizts and antagonists. The review is subdivided into the following specific topics: molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors (1), the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia in animals (2) and humans (3), opioid-sensitive and opioid-insensitive effects of nonopioid analgesics (4), opioid peptide and receptor involvement in tolerance and dependence (5), stress and social status (6), learning and memory (7), eating and drinking (8), drug abuse and alcohol (9), sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (10), mental illness and mood (11), seizures and neurologic disorders (12), electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (13), general activity and locomotion (14), gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (15), cardiovascular responses (16), respiration and thermoregulation (17), and immunological responses (18).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, CUNY, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA.
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