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Berry CE, Abbas DB, Lintel HA, Churukian AA, Griffin M, Guo JL, Cotterell AC, Parker JBL, Downer MA, Longaker MT, Wan DC. Adipose-Derived Stromal Cell-Based Therapies for Radiation-Induced Fibrosis. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2024; 13:235-252. [PMID: 36345216 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2022.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Half of all cancer patients receive radiation therapy as a component of their treatment regimen, and the most common resulting complication is radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF) of the skin and soft tissue. This thickening of the dermis paired with decreased vascularity results in functional limitations and esthetic concerns and poses unique challenges when considering surgical exploration or reconstruction. Existing therapeutic options for RIF of the skin are limited both in scope and efficacy. Cell-based therapies have emerged as a promising means of utilizing regenerative cell populations to improve both functional and esthetic outcomes, and even as prophylaxis for RIF. Recent Advances: As one of the leading areas of cell-based therapy research, adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) demonstrate significant therapeutic potential in the treatment of RIF. The introduction of the ADSC-augmented fat graft has shown clinical utility. Recent research dedicated to characterizing specific ADSC subpopulations points toward further granularity in understanding of the mechanisms driving the well-established clinical outcomes seen with fat grafting therapy. Critical Issues: Various animal models of RIF demonstrated improved clinical outcomes following treatment with cell-based therapies, but the cellular and molecular basis underlying these effects remains poorly understood. Future Directions: Recent literature has focused on improving the efficacy of cell-based therapies, most notably through (1) augmentation of fat grafts with platelet-rich plasma and (2) the modification of expressed RNA through epitranscriptomics. For the latter, new and promising gene targets continue to be identified which have the potential to reverse the effects of fibrosis by increasing angiogenesis, decreasing inflammation, and promoting adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E Berry
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Darren B Abbas
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Hendrik A Lintel
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Andrew A Churukian
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michelle Griffin
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jason L Guo
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Asha C Cotterell
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jennifer B Laufey Parker
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Mauricio A Downer
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michael T Longaker
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Derrick C Wan
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Zhu S, Li M, Wang Z, Feng Q, Gao H, Li Q, Chen X, Cao X. Bioactive Glasses-Based Nanozymes Composite Macroporous Cryogel with Antioxidative, Antibacterial, and Pro-Healing Properties for Diabetic Infected Wound Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2302073. [PMID: 37589595 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The treatment for diabetic ulcers still remains a big clinic challenge owing to the adverse repair microenvironment. Bioactive glasses (BGs) play an important role in the late stages of healing due to their ability to promote vascularization and collagen fiber deposition, but fail to improve infection and oxidative stress in the early stage.Therefore, it is critical to develop a material involved in regulating the whole healing phases. In this work, BGs-based nanozymes (MnO2 @PDA-BGs) with antioxidation, antibacterial and pro-healing abilities are synthesized by the redox deposition of MnO2 on mesoporous BGs. Afterward, cryogel with the interconnected macropore structure is fabricated by the polymerization of methacrylate anhydride gelatin (GelMA) at -20 °C. MnO2 @PDA-BGs are loaded into the cryogel to obtain nanocomposite cryogel (MnO2 @PDA-BGs/Gel) with multiple enzymes-like- activities to eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Besides, MnO2 @PDA-BGs/Gel has intensive peroxidase-like activity under acidic condition and near infrared photothermal responsiveness to achieve excellent antibacterial performance. Cells experiments demonstrate that MnO2 @PDA-BGs/Gel recruits L929s and promotes their proliferation. Furthermore, MnO2 @PDA-BGs/Gel eliminates intracellular overexpressed ROS and maintains the viability of L929s. Animal experiments confirm that MnO2 @PDA-BGs/Gel promotes wound healing and avoided scarring by killing bacteria, reversing inflammation, promoting vascularization, and improving the deposition of collagen III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangli Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Maocai Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zetao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qi Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Huichang Gao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qingtao Li
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Zhongshan Institute of Modern Industrial Technology of SCUT, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528437, P. R. China
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Solomon MC, Chandrashekar C, Kulkarni S, Shetty N, Pandey A. Exosomes: Mediators of cellular communication in potentially malignant oral lesions and head and neck cancers. F1000Res 2023; 12:58. [PMID: 38059133 PMCID: PMC10696492 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.127368.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are a unique type of extracellular vesicles that contain a plethora of biological cargo such as miRNA, mRNA, long non-coding RNA, DNA, proteins and lipids. Exosomes serve as very effective means of intercellular communication. Due the presence of a lipid bilayer membrane, exosomes are resistant to degradation and are highly stable. This makes them easily identifiable in blood and other bodily fluids such as saliva. The exosomes that are secreted from a parent cell directly release their contents into the cytoplasm of a recipient cell and influence their cellular activity and function. Exosomes can also transfer their content between cancer cells and normal cells and regulate the tumor microenvironment. Exosomes play a vital role in tumor growth, tumor invasion and metastasis. Exosomes provide a multitude of molecular and genetic information and have become valuable indicators of disease activity at the cellular level. This review explores the molecular characteristics of exosomes and the role that exosomes play in the tumorigenesis pathway of potentially malignant oral lesions and head and neck cancers The application of exosomes in the treatment of oral cancers is also envisioned. Exosomes are very small and can easily pass through various biological barriers, making them very good delivery vectors for therapeutic drugs as well as to selectively induce DNA's mRNA and miRNAs into targeted cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Charlotte Solomon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Chetana Chandrashekar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Spoorti Kulkarni
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Nisha Shetty
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Aditi Pandey
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
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Ju C, Liu D. Exosomal microRNAs from Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Novel Therapeutic Effect in Wound Healing. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:647-660. [PMID: 37131016 PMCID: PMC10352215 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wound healing is a complicated biological process that leads to the regeneration of damaged skin tissue. Determining the methods to promote wound healing has become a hot topic in medical cosmetology and tissue repair research. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a group of stem cells with the potential of self-renewal and multi-differentiation. MSCs transplantation has a broad application prospect in wound healing therapy. Many studies have demonstrated that the therapeutic capacity of MSCs is mainly mediated by paracrine actions. Exosomes (EXOs), which are nanosized vesicles carrying a variety of nucleic acids, proteins and lipids, are an important component of paracrine secretion. It has been demonstrated that exosomal microRNAs (EXO-miRNAs) play a key role in the function of exosomes. METHODS In this review, we focus on current research on miRNAs from MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-EXO miRNAs) in terms of sorting, releasing and function and their effects on inflammation regulation, epidermal cell function, fibroblast function, and extracellular matrix formation. At last, we discuss the current attempts to improve the treatment of MSC-EXO-miRNAs. RESULTS Many studies have demonstrated that MSC-EXO miRNAs play a key role in promoting wound healing. They have been shown to regulate inflammation response, enhance epidermal cell proliferation and migration, stimulate fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis, and regulate extracellular matrix formation. Besides, there have been a number of strategies developed to promote MSC-EXO and MSC-EXO miRNAs for wound healing treatment. CONCLUSION Utilizing the association of exosomes from MSCs with miRNAs may be a promising strategy to promote trauma healing. MSC-EXO miRNAs may provide a new approach to promote wound healing and improve the quality of life for patients with skin injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Ju
- Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
- Huankui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dewu Liu
- Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
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Li FXZ, Liu JJ, Xu F, Shan SK, Zheng MH, Lei LM, Lin X, Guo B, Li CC, Wu F, Tang KX, Cao YC, Wu YY, Duan JY, Wu YL, He SY, Chen X, Yuan LQ. Cold exposure protects against medial arterial calcification development via autophagy. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:226. [PMID: 37461031 PMCID: PMC10351118 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01985-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Medial arterial calcification (MAC), a systemic vascular disease different from atherosclerosis, is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events. Several studies have demonstrated that ambient temperature is one of the most important factors affecting cardiovascular events. However, there has been limited research on the effect of different ambient temperatures on MAC. In the present study, we showed that cold temperature exposure (CT) in mice slowed down the formation of vitamin D (VD)-induced vascular calcification compared with room temperature exposure (RT). To investigate the mechanism involved, we isolated plasma-derived exosomes from mice subjected to CT or RT for 30 days (CT-Exo or RT-Exo, respectively). Compared with RT-Exo, CT-Exo remarkably alleviated the calcification/senescence formation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and promoted autophagy by activating the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) and inhibiting phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR). At the same time, CT-Exo promoted autophagy in β-glycerophosphate (β-GP)-induced VSMCs. The number of autophagosomes and the expression of autophagy-related proteins ATG5 and LC3B increased, while the expression of p62 decreased. Based on a microRNA chip microarray assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction, miR-320a-3p was highly enriched in CT-Exo as well as thoracic aortic vessels in CT mice. miR-320a-3p downregulation in CT-Exo using AntagomiR-320a-3p inhibited autophagy and blunted its anti-calcification protective effect on VSMCs. Moreover, we identified that programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is a target of miR-320a-3p, and silencing PDCD4 increased autophagy and decreased calcification in VSMCs. Treatment with CT-Exo alleviated the formation of MAC in VD-treated mice, while these effects were partially reversed by GW4869. Furthermore, the anti-arterial calcification protective effects of CT-Exo were largely abolished by AntagomiR-320a-3p in VD-induced mice. In summary, we have highlighted that prolonged cold may be a good way to reduce the incidence of MAC. Specifically, miR-320a-3p from CT-Exo could protect against the initiation and progression of MAC via the AMPK/mTOR autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Xing-Zi Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jun-Jie Liu
- Department of Periodontal Division, Hunan Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zheng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Li-Min Lei
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bei Guo
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Chang-Chun Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke-Xin Tang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ye-Chi Cao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yun-Yun Wu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jia-Yue Duan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yan-Lin Wu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Si-Yang He
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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Bio-Pulsed Stimulation Effectively Improves the Production of Avian Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles That Enhance the Bioactivity of Skin Fibroblasts and Hair Follicle Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315010. [PMID: 36499339 PMCID: PMC9740660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (exosomes) possess regeneration, cell proliferation, wound healing, and anti-senescence capabilities. The functions of exosomes can be modified by preconditioning MSCs through treatment with bio-pulsed reagents (Polygonum multiflorum Thunb extract). However, the beneficial effects of bio-pulsed small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) on the skin or hair remain unknown. This study investigated the in vitro mechanistic basis through which bio-pulsed sEVs enhance the bioactivity of the skin fibroblasts and hair follicle cells. Avian-derived MSCs (AMSCs) were isolated, characterized, and bio-pulsed to produce AMSC-sEVs, which were isolated, lyophilized, characterized, and analyzed. The effects of bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs on cell proliferation, wound healing, and gene expression associated with skin and hair bioactivity were examined using human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) and follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs). Bio-pulsed treatment significantly enhanced sEVs production by possibly upregulating RAB27A expression in AMSCs. Bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs contained more exosomal proteins and RNAs than the control. Bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs significantly augmented cell proliferation, wound healing, and gene expression in HSFs and HFDPCs. The present study investigated the role of bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs in the bioactivity of the skin fibroblasts and hair follicle cells as mediators to offer potential health benefits for skin and hair.
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Li J, Li Z, Wang S, Bi J, Huo R. Exosomes from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit production of extracellular matrix in keloid fibroblasts via downregulating transforming growth factor-β2 and Notch-1 expression. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8515-8525. [PMID: 35333672 PMCID: PMC9161879 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2051838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloids are an excessive tissue response to dermal damage, characterized by uncontrolled growth and a high recurrence rate after various treatments. Abnormalities with the extracellular matrix (ECM) are one of the most important contributing factors to the formation of keloids. Although exosomes from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (adMSC-Exos) have been shown to promote repair and regeneration in wounds, they have seldom been studied for the treatment of keloids. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of adMSC-Exos on ECM remodeling in keloids using both in vitro and ex vivo models. The results showed that adMSC-Exos inhibited gene and protein expression of collagen I (COL-1), collagen III (COL-3), fibronectin (FN), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in keloid fibroblasts (KFs). Furthermore, using an ex vivo tissue explant model, we found that adMSC-Exos significantly suppressed COL production and disrupted the microvessel stucture. We also demonstrated that adMSC-Exos inhibited the protein expression of Smad3 and Notch-1, and the expression of transforming growth factor β2 (TGF-β2) in KFs, and promoted the expression of TGF-β3. These findings largely explain the mechanisms underlying the inhibition of ECM production in keloids by adMSC-Exos. In conclusion, our results revealed that adMSC-Exos effectively inhibited the production of ECM in keloids, which provides a new potential alternative for the systemic treatment of keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianhai Bi
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ran Huo
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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