1
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Niu C, Zhang J, Okolo PI. Harnessing Plant Flavonoids to Fight Pancreatic Cancer. Curr Nutr Rep 2024; 13:566-581. [PMID: 38700837 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00545-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review draws on the last fifteen years (2009-2024) of published data to summarize the potential effect of plant flavonoids on pancreatic carcinogenesis and discuss the possible mechanisms of action to establish their applicability as anti-cancer agents. RECENT FINDINGS This review found that the plant flavonoids with anti-pancreatic cancer activity mainly include chalcones, dihydrochalcones, flavanols, flavanones, flavones, isoflavonoids, flavonols, isoflavones, and flavanonols. Most of these flavonoids have anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, cell cycle arrest, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and anti-metastatic properties. Some flavonoids can also regulate autophagy, immune and glucose uptake in the context of pancreatic cancer. Several molecules and signaling pathways are associated with the pharmacological activities of plant flavonoids, including AMP-activated protein kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinases, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B, nuclear factor-κB, signal transducer, and activator of transcription 3, Smad3, epidermal growth factor receptor, and vascular endothelial growth factor. This review provides strong evidence that plant flavonoids have potential against pancreatic carcinogenesis in experimental animals through various pharmacological mechanisms. They are a promising resource for use as adjuvant anti-cancer therapy. However, randomized controlled clinical trials with those flavonoids are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengu Niu
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Rochester General Hospital, 1425 Portland Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14621, USA.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Rainier Springs Behavioral Health Hospital, 2805 NE 129th St, Vancouver, WA, 98686, USA
| | - Patrick I Okolo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, 14621, USA
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2
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Peng J, Li H, Olaolu OA, Ibrahim S, Ibrahim S, Wang S. Natural Products: A Dependable Source of Therapeutic Alternatives for Inflammatory Bowel Disease through Regulation of Tight Junctions. Molecules 2023; 28:6293. [PMID: 37687122 PMCID: PMC10488775 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), can affect the entire gastrointestinal tract and mucosal layer and lead to intestinal damage and intestinal dysfunction. IBD is an inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract that significantly impacts public health development. Monoclonal antibodies and other synthetic medications are currently used to treat IBD, but they are suspected of producing serious side effects and causing a number of other problems with long-term use. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that organic macromolecules from plants and animals have an alleviating effect on IBD-related problems, and many of them are also capable of altering enzymatic function, reducing oxidative stress, and inhibiting the production of cytokines and release of proinflammatory transcriptional factors. Thus, in this paper, the natural products with potential anti-IBD activities and their mechanism of action were reviewed, with a focus on the protective effects of natural products on intestinal barrier integrity and the regulation of tight junction protein expression and remodeling. In conclusion, the insights provided in the present review will be useful for further exploration and development of natural products for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Peng
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (J.P.); (H.L.); (O.A.O.)
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (J.P.); (H.L.); (O.A.O.)
| | - Oladejo Ayodele Olaolu
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (J.P.); (H.L.); (O.A.O.)
- Department of Animal Health Technology, Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology Igboora Nigeria, Igboora 201003, Nigeria
| | - Saber Ibrahim
- Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre, Giza 12111, Egypt;
- Nanomaterials Investigation Laboratory, Central Laboratory Network, National Research Centre, Giza 12111, Egypt
| | - Sally Ibrahim
- Department of Animal Reproduction and AI, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Egypt;
| | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (J.P.); (H.L.); (O.A.O.)
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3
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Naeem A, Hu P, Yang M, Zhang J, Liu Y, Zhu W, Zheng Q. Natural Products as Anticancer Agents: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238367. [PMID: 36500466 PMCID: PMC9737905 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have been an invaluable and useful source of anticancer agents over the years. Several compounds have been synthesized from natural products by modifying their structures or by using naturally occurring compounds as building blocks in the synthesis of these compounds for various purposes in different fields, such as biology, medicine, and engineering. Multiple modern and costly treatments have been applied to combat cancer and limit its lethality, but the results are not significantly refreshing. Natural products, which are a significant source of new therapeutic drugs, are currently being investigated as potential cytotoxic agents and have shown a positive trend in preclinical research and have prompted numerous innovative strategies in order to combat cancer and expedite the clinical research. Natural products are becoming increasingly important for drug discovery due to their high molecular diversity and novel biofunctionality. Furthermore, natural products can provide superior efficacy and safety due to their unique molecular properties. The objective of the current review is to provide an overview of the emergence of natural products for the treatment and prevention of cancer, such as chemosensitizers, immunotherapeutics, combinatorial therapies with other anticancer drugs, novel formulations of natural products, and the molecular mechanisms underlying their anticancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Naeem
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Pengyi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yali Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation, Health Commission of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang 330006, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Quality Evaluation on Anti-Inflammatory Chinese Herbs, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Qin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
- Correspondence:
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4
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An W, Zhang Y, Lai H, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Zhao G, Liu M, Li Y, Lin X, Cao S. Alpinia katsumadai Hayata induces growth inhibition and autophagy‑related apoptosis by regulating the AMPK and Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathways in cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2022; 48:142. [PMID: 35730618 PMCID: PMC9245070 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpinia katsumadai Hayata (AKH), a widely used traditional Chinese medicine, exerts various biological functions, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-microbial and anti-asthmatic effects. However, studies on its anticancer activity and associated mechanisms are limited. The present study investigated the effects of ethanol extract from AKH on the viability of various human cancer and normal liver LX-2 cells using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Apoptosis was detected by Hoechst 33342/PI staining and Annexin-V-FITC/PI double staining. Autophagy was examined by Ad-GFP-LC3B transfection. The association between AKH-induced autophagy and apoptosis was investigated by pre-treatment of the cells with the autophagy inhibitors, 3-methyladenine (3MA) and bafilomycin A1 (Baf-A1), followed by treatment with AKH. The expression levels of cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), caspase-8, caspase-3, caspase-9, phosphorylated (p-)AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Akt, mTOR and p70S6K were examined using western blot analysis. The in vivo antitumor activity of AKH was investigated in nude mice bearing A549 lung cancer xenografts. The components of AKH were detected by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-ion trap-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The results revealed that AKH significantly inhibited the proliferation of various cancer cells with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 203–284 µg/ml; however, its inhibitory effect was much less prominent against normal liver LX-2 cells with an IC50 value of 395 µg/ml. AKH markedly induced apoptosis and autophagy, and upregulated the protein expression of cleaved-caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 and cleaved PARP in a concentration-dependent manner. Of note, the autophagy inhibitors (3MA and Baf-A1) significantly attenuated its pro-apoptotic effects on human pancreatic cancer Panc-28 and lung cancer A549 cells. Furthermore, AKH significantly increased the levels of p-AMPK, and decreased those of p-Akt, p-mTOR and p-p70S6K in Panc-28 and A549 cells. AKH markedly inhibited the growth of A549 tumor xenografts in vivo. In addition, a total of nine compounds were detected from AKH. The present study demonstrates that AKH markedly inhibits the growth and induces autophagy-related apoptosis in cancer cells by regulating the AMPK and Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathways. AKH and/or its active fractions may thus have potential to be developed as novel anticancer agents for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiao An
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Honglin Lai
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Dongying Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongying, Shandong 257055, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Rizhao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao, Shandong 276801, P.R. China
| | - Ge Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P.R. China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of International Trade, School of International Traded and Economics, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Xiukun Lin
- Delisi Group Co. Ltd., Zhucheng, Shandong 262200, P.R. China
| | - Shousong Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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5
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Alpinetin: a Dietary Flavonoid with Diverse Anticancer Effects. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:4220-4243. [PMID: 35567708 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03960-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a global burden and mechanistically complex disease with a plethora of genetic, physiological, metabolic, and environmental alterations. The development of dietary nutraceuticals into cancer chemotherapeutics has emerged as a new paradigm in cancer treatment. Alpinetin (ALPI) is a novel flavonoid component of multiple edible and medicinal plants and possesses a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities including antibacterial, anti-hemostatic, anti-oxidative, anti-hepatotoxic, stomachic, immunosuppressive, and anti-inflammatory. Recently, ALPI has been reported as a bioactive dietary nutraceutical with promising anticancer activity in various human cancers through multiple mechanisms. The purpose of this review is to compile the data on natural sources of ALPI, and its anticancer activity including cellular targets and anticancer mechanism in various human cancers. Moreover, this review will set the stage for further design and conduct pre-clinical and clinical trials to develop ALPI into a lead structure for oncological therapy.
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6
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Zhao G, Tong Y, Luan F, Zhu W, Zhan C, Qin T, An W, Zeng N. Alpinetin: A Review of Its Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:814370. [PMID: 35185569 PMCID: PMC8854656 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.814370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids isolated from medicinal herbs have been utilized as valuable health-care agents due to their virous biological applications. Alpinetin is a natural flavonoid that emerges in many widely used medicinal plants, and has been frequently applied in Chinese patent drugs. Accumulated evidence has demonstrated that alpinetin possesses a broad range of pharmacological activities such as antitumor, antiinflammation, hepatoprotective, cardiovascular protective, lung protective, antibacterial, antiviral, neuroprotective, and other properties through regulating multiple signaling pathways with low systemic toxicity. However, pharmacokinetic studies have documented that alpinetin may have poor oral bioavailability correlated to its extensive glucuronidation. Currently, the reported pharmacological properties and pharmacokinetics profiles of alpinetin are rare to be scientifically reviewed. In this article, we aimed to highlight the mechanisms of action of alpinetin in various diseases to strongly support its curative potentials for prospective clinical applications. We also summarized the pharmacokinetics properties and proposed some viable strategies to convey an appreciable reference for future advances of alpinetin in drug development.
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7
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Sun H, Zhang N, Jin Y, Xu H. Cardamonin Promotes the Apoptosis and Chemotherapy Sensitivity to Gemcitabine of Pancreatic Cancer Through Modulating the FOXO3a-FOXM1 Axis. Dose Response 2022; 19:15593258211042163. [PMID: 34987330 PMCID: PMC8725235 DOI: 10.1177/15593258211042163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardamonin (CAR), a flavone existing in the Alpinia plant, has been found to
modulate multiple biological activities, including antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects. Nevertheless, the influence of CAR on
pancreatic cancer (PC) is less understood. Here, we conducted in
vitro and in vivo experiments to explore the
functions of CAR on PC cells’ proliferation, apoptosis and chemosensitivity to
gemcitabine (GEM). The growth of PC cells (including PANC-1 and SW1990) was
evaluated by the cell counting kit-8 assay, colony formation assay and xenograft
tumor experiment. Besides, the apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry and
western blot (WB). Moreover, the FOXO3a-FOXM1 pathway expression was tested by
reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and WB. Our data suggested that
CAR restrained cell proliferation, growth and expedited apoptosis both
in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, CAR
sensitized PC cells to GEM. Mechanistically, CAR heightened FOXO3a while
repressed FOXM1. Further loss-of-function assays revealed that down-regulating
FOXO3a markedly dampened the anti-tumor effect induced by CAR and accelerated
the FOXM1 expression. Our data confirmed that CAR exerted an anti-tumor function
in PC dependently by modulating the FOXO3a-FOXM1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huapeng Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Yiqiang Jin
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Haisheng Xu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
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8
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Pinto C, Cidade H, Pinto M, Tiritan ME. Chiral Flavonoids as Antitumor Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1267. [PMID: 34959668 PMCID: PMC8704364 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a group of natural products with a great structural diversity, widely distributed in plant kingdom. They play an important role in plant growth, development and defense against aggressors. Flavonoids show a huge variety of biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, antimicrobial and antitumor, being able to modulate a large diversity of cellular enzymatic activities. Among natural flavonoids, some classes comprise chiral molecules including flavanones, flavan-3-ols, isoflavanones, and rotenoids, which have one or more stereogenic centers. Interestingly, in some cases, individual compounds of enantiomeric pairs have shown different antitumor activity. In nature, these compounds are mainly biosynthesized as pure enantiomers. Nevertheless, they are often isolated as racemates, being necessary to carry out their chiral separation to perform enantioselectivity studies. Synthetic chiral flavonoids with promising antitumor activity have also been obtained using diverse synthetic approaches. In fact, several new chiral bioactive flavonoids have been synthesized by enantioselective synthesis. Particularly, flavopiridol was the first cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor which entered clinical trials. The chiral pool approaches using amino acid as chiral building blocks have also been reported to achieve small libraries of chrysin derivatives with more potent in vitro growth inhibitory effect than chrysin, reinforcing the importance of the introduction of chiral moieties to improve antitumor activity. In this work, a literature review of natural and synthetic chiral flavonoids with antitumor activity is reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Pinto
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (H.C.); (M.P.)
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Honorina Cidade
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (H.C.); (M.P.)
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (H.C.); (M.P.)
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (H.C.); (M.P.)
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- CESPU, Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (IINFACTS), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
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Wang L, Cheng L, Ma L, Ahmad Farooqi A, Qiao G, Zhang Y, Ye H, Liu M, Huang J, Yang X, Lin X, Cao S. Alnustone inhibits the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma via ROS- mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR/p70S6K axis. Phytother Res 2021; 36:525-542. [PMID: 34847624 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Alnustone, a diarylheptane compound, exhibits potent growth inhibition against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) BEL-7402 cells. However, the underlying mechanisms associated with its anticancer activity remain unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the anticancer effect of alnustone against several human cancers focused on HCC and the possible associated mechanisms. The results showed that alnustone significantly inhibited the growth of several cancer cells by CCK-8 assay. Alnustone markedly induced apoptosis and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in BEL-7402 and HepG2 cells. Alnustone inhibited the expression of proteins related to apoptosis and PI3K/Akt/mTOR/p70S6K pathways and generated ROS production in BEL-7402 and HepG2 cells. Moreover, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, a ROS inhibitor) could significantly reverse the effects of alnustone on the growth inhibition of BEL-7402 and HepG2 cells and the expression of proteins related to apoptosis and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, alnustone significantly inhibited tumor growth of HepG2 xenografts, obviously induced apoptosis in the tumor tissues and improved the pathological condition of liver tissues of mice in vivo. The study provides evidence that alnustone is effective against HCC via ROS-mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR/p70S6K pathway and the compound has the potential to be developed as a novel anticancer agent for the treatment of HCC clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Ma
- Rizhao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Gan Qiao
- Department of Pharmacology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanlin Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianlin Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiukun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,Delisi Group Co. Ltd., Zhucheng, Shandong, China
| | - Shousong Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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10
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhang L, Yu S. Preclinical Investigation of Alpinetin in the Treatment of Cancer-Induced Cachexia via Activating PPARγ. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:687491. [PMID: 34093209 PMCID: PMC8176100 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.687491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing loss of skeletal muscle is a central event of cancer cachexia, and its consequences include adverse effects on patient’s quality of life and survival. Alpinetin (Alp), a natural plant-derived flavonoid obtained from Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to possess potent anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of Alp in the prevention of cancer cachexia. We found that Alp (25–100 μM) dose-dependently attenuated Lewis lung carcinoma–conditioned medium-induced C2C12 myotube atrophy and reduced expression of the E3 ligases Atrogin-1 and MuRF1. Moreover, Alp administration markedly improved vital features of cancer cachexia in vivo with visible reduction of the loss of tumor-free body weight and wasting of multiple tissues, including skeletal muscle, epididymal fat, and decreased expression of Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 in cachectic muscle. Alp suppressed the elevated spleen weight and serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. Further, Alp treatment remained protective against cancer cachexia in the advanced stage of tumor growth. Molecular docking results suggested that Alp was docked into the active site of PPARγ with the docking score of –7.6 kcal/mol, forming a hydrogen bond interaction with PPARγ protein amino acid residue HIS449 with a bond length of 3.3 Å. Mechanism analysis revealed that Alp activated PPARγ, resulting in the downregulated phosphorylation of NF-κB and STAT3 in vitro and in vivo. PPARγ inhibition induced by GW9662 notably attenuated the improvement of Alp on the above cachexia phenomenon, indicating that PPARγ activation mediated the therapeutic effect of Alp. These findings suggested that Alp might be a potential therapeutic candidate against cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yichen Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiying Yu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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11
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Isopanduratin A Isolated from Boesenbergia pandurata Reduces HepG2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation in Both Monolayer and Three-Dimensional Cultures. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 32430852 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medicinal plants have been used for disease treatment throughout history, especially in parts of Asia. Vietnam is a tropical country which possesses forests with a wide diversity of plants, which have a long history of being used as alternative remedies for treatment of various diseases. In this study, we aimed to test the bioactivity of Boesenbergia pandurata (B. pandurata) plant extract-derived compounds, including Pinostropin, Pinocembrin, Alpinetin, and Isopanduratin A, on HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. METHOD In this study, several compounds from Boesenbergia pandurata plant extract, including Pinostropin, Pinocembrin, Alpinetin, and Isopanduratin A, were used to evaluate their antitumor effects on HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells in both monolayer culture condition (2D culture) and three-dimensional culture condition (3D culture); HepG2 cell proliferation was assessed by Alamar Blue assay. The compound which had the strongest cytotoxicity was selected for further analysis by Propidium Iodide (PI) staining assay and caspase 3/7 expression assay. RESULTS The cytotoxicity assay showed that Isopanduratin A had the strongest cytotoxic effect on HepG2 cells grown in both 2D culture (IC50 at 357 ± 10 nM) and 3D culture conditions (IC50 at 744 ± 18 nM). The PI staining of HepG2 spheroids demonstrated that Isopanduratin A was potently cytotoxic to HepG2 cells growing in spheroids (3D) and destroyed the initial shape of the spheroids. Isopanduratin A was shown to induce caspase 3/7 after 30 min of incubation at the concentration of 500 nM. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the compound Isopanduratin A isolated from B. pandurata extract has a strong inhibitory effect on cell growth in 2D and 3D culture conditions. Isopanduratin A also has the ability to induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via activation of caspase 3/7. Further investigations on the mechanisms of Isopanduratin A-induced effects on HepG2 cells, and other cancer cells, are necessary.
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Montané X, Kowalczyk O, Reig-Vano B, Bajek A, Roszkowski K, Tomczyk R, Pawliszak W, Giamberini M, Mocek-Płóciniak A, Tylkowski B. Current Perspectives of the Applications of Polyphenols and Flavonoids in Cancer Therapy. Molecules 2020; 25:E3342. [PMID: 32717865 PMCID: PMC7435624 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of anticancer therapies that involve natural drugs has undergone exponential growth in recent years. Among the natural compounds that produce beneficial effects on human health, polyphenols have shown potential therapeutic applications in cancer due to their protective functions in plants, their use as food additives, and their excellent antioxidant properties. The possibility of combining conventional drugs-which are usually more aggressive than natural compounds-with polyphenols offers very valuable advantages such as the building of more efficient anticancer therapies with less side effects on human health. This review shows a wide range of trials in which polyphenolic compounds play a crucial role as anticancer medicines alone or in combination with other drugs at different stages of cancer: cancer initiation, promotion, and growth or progression. Moreover, the future directions in applications of various polyphenols in cancer therapy are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Montané
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (B.R.-V.); (M.G.)
| | - Oliwia Kowalczyk
- Research and Education Unit for Communication in Healthcare Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, M. Curie Sklodowskiej St. 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
- Kazimierz Wielki University, Jagiellonska St. 11, 95-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Belen Reig-Vano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (B.R.-V.); (M.G.)
| | - Anna Bajek
- Department of Tissue Engineering Chair of Urology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza St. 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Roszkowski
- Department of Oncology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Romanowskiej St. 2, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Remigiusz Tomczyk
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, M. Curie Sklodowskiej St. 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (R.T.); (W.P.)
| | - Wojciech Pawliszak
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, M. Curie Sklodowskiej St. 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (R.T.); (W.P.)
| | - Marta Giamberini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (B.R.-V.); (M.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Mocek-Płóciniak
- Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, University of Life Sciences Poznan, ul. Szydłowska 50, 60-656 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Bartosz Tylkowski
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya. Chemical Technologies Unit, Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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Zhang T, Guo S, Zhu X, Qiu J, Deng G, Qiu C. Alpinetin inhibits breast cancer growth by ROS/NF-κB/HIF-1α axis. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8430-8440. [PMID: 32562470 PMCID: PMC7412407 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpinetin, the main active ingredient in the Chinese medicinal herb Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been found to have anticancer activity. However, the therapeutic efficacy of signalling cascades modulated by alpinetin remains unknown. Here, we showed that alpinetin provoked mitochondria‐associated apoptosis in a dose‐dependent manner in breast cancer cells. Mechanistic investigations revealed that alpinetin dampens hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) signalling due to a lack of NF‐κB activation through reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, decreasing HIF‐1α transcription. In vivo, we also found alpinetin led to significant tumour regression by inhibiting NF‐κB pathway. Overall, our work uncovers a ROS/NF‐κB/HIF‐1α axis‐dependent mechanism underlying the anticancer effects of alpinetin and suggests that alpinetin could act as a novel therapeutic agent against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinying Zhu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxia Qiu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ganzhen Deng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changwei Qiu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Guo Y, Chen Y, Liu H, Yan W. Alpinetin Inhibits Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Proliferation via miR-211-5p Upregulation and Notch Pathway Deactivation. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:757-767. [PMID: 31403340 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1651878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background: The effect of alpinetin (ALP) on miR-211-5p level and function in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear.Materials and methods: Human OSCC cell lines (CAL-27 and TCA-8113) and a mouse xenograft model with subcutaneously injected TCA-8113 cells were used. Effect of ALP treatment on cell viability, cell cycle distributions, and p-p53, p21, c-PARP, cyclin D1, NICD, HES1, and miR-211-5p expression levels was analyzed. Influence of ALP on tumor volume and weight was determined.Results: ALP treatment (at doses 400 and 500 µM) significantly decreased the viability of CAL-27 and TCA-8113 cells (P < 0.05). It upregulated the number of cells in G1 phase and miR-211-5p expression, increased p-p53, p21, and c-PARP levels, and decreased cyclin D1 levels. Furthermore, miR-211-5p mimic treatment increased the number of cells in G1 phase, and p53, p21, and c-PARP levels, and decreased cyclin D1 levels. Contrasting effects were observed under anti-miR-211-5p treatment. ALP downregulated NICD and HES1, whereas anti-miR-211-5p increased NICD and HES1 expression. ALP effects were alleviated in both cell lines under Jagged-1 overexpression plasmid treatment. Finally, ALP inhibited tumor growth and increased miR-211-5p expression in vivo.Conclusion: ALP-induced miR-211-5p upregulation and Notch pathway deactivation may be involved in its anti-proliferative effects in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
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Zhao X, Guo X, Shen J, Hua D. Alpinetin inhibits proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells via suppression of STAT3 signaling. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4030-4036. [PMID: 30132572 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural bioactive components are increasingly being applied in cancer research. Alpinetin is a type of natural flavonoid primarily derived from Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, which exhibits anti‑bacterial and anti‑inflammatory properties. Therefore, it may possess anticancer potential and be employed therapeutically for different diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anticancer effects of alpinetin on the SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell line. The effect of alpinetin treatment on SKOV3 cell proliferation, apoptosis, spheroid and colony formation were measured using Cell Counting kit‑8, cell apoptosis, 3D spheroid and colony formation assays, respectively. Analysis of the cell cycle was performed using flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to determine the protein expression levels of B‑cell lymphoma (Bcl)‑2, Bcl‑2‑associated X protein, cleaved caspase‑3, cleaved poly (ADP‑ribose) polymerase (PARP), cyclin D1, cyclin‑dependent kinase (CDK) 4, CDK6, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3, phosphorylated (p)‑STAT3, c‑myc, survivin, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)‑1, TIMP‑2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑2 and MMP‑9. In addition, a wound healing assay was used to determine cancer cell migration. The results revealed alpinetin suppressed cell viability and induced apoptosis of SKOV3 cells in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner, and cells were arrested in the G1 phase. Alpinetin treatment upregulated protein expression levels of Bax, cleaved caspase‑3 and PARP, and downregulated protein expression levels of Bcl‑2, cyclin D1, CDK4 and CDK6. Alpinetin also inhibited cell migration, through increased protein expression levels of TIMP‑1 and TIMP‑2, and decreased protein expression levels of MMP‑2 and MMP‑9. Alpinetin also significantly suppressed colony and spheroid formation by SKOV3 cells. In addition, the STAT3 pathway was suppressed as demonstrated by downregulation of p‑STAT3 and reduced expression of downstream factors, including c‑myc and survivin. Overall, these results indicated that alpinetin may have anticancer effects on human ovarian cancer by inhibiting the STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohan Guo
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Junhua Shen
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Dingchao Hua
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
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An Array of Bioactive Compounds From Australian Eucalypts and Their Relevance in Pancreatic Cancer Therapeutics. Pancreas 2018; 47:690-707. [PMID: 29894418 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most devastating human cancers, and despite the significant advances in the current therapeutic options, the overall survival rate for PC has remained static for the past 50 years. Plant-derived bioactive compounds play a vital role in cancer therapeutics by providing new lead compounds for future drug development. Therefore, the isolation, characterization, and identification of new bioactive compounds for the prevention and treatment of cancer continue to be an important aspect of natural product research. Many in vitro and in vivo studies published in the last few decades have established strong links between the phytochemical profile of eucalypts and anticancer activity. However, only a small number of these reports have attempted to demonstrate a relationship between the biological activity of eucalypt extracts and PC. This review focuses on potential anti-PC effects of an array of bioactive compounds present in various species of eucalypts. It also highlights the necessity for further in vitro and in vivo studies to develop a complete understanding of the potential this group of plants has for the development of potent and specific chemotherapeutic drugs for PC.
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Zhou Y, Ding YL, Zhang JL, Zhang P, Wang JQ, Li ZH. Alpinetin improved high fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through improving oxidative stress, inflammatory response and lipid metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 97:1397-1408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Ye W, Lin X, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Sun R, Wen C, Wang X, Bao S, Chen R. Quantification and pharmacokinetics of alpinetin in rat plasma by UHPLC-MS/MS using protein precipitation coupled with dilution approach to eliminate matrix effects. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 152:242-247. [PMID: 29433096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Alpinetin, a bioactive flavonoid, has attracted great attention due to its diverse therapeutic effects, namely anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects with low systemic toxicity. Various determination methods have been developed in quality control and plant chemistry areas. However, quantification and pharmacokinetics of alpinetin in biological matrix have not been studied. In the present research, a sensitive, efficient and reliable ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of alpinetin in rat plasma was developed and validated. Plasma samples were processed with protein precipitation (PP) followed by a 5-fold acetonitrile/water (50:50, v/v) dilution to significantly decrease matrix effect which exited in one step PP method. Determination of alpinetin was conducted using positive electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Results demonstrated that the method was precise (3.3%-12.3%), accurate (-5.8% to 10.8%) and linear in the range of 1-1000 ng/mL. The new developed method was subsequently applied to a pharmacokinetic research of alpinetin following oral and intravenous dosing to healthy Sprague-Dawley rats. Alpinetin was demonstrated rapid absorption after oral administration with an absolute bioavailability of ∼15.1% and extensive distribution after dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Ye
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xiaoji Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Youting Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Youxiao Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Congcong Wen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xianqin Wang
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Shihui Bao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
| | - Ruijie Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
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Acyclic Triterpenoids from Alpinia katsumadai Inhibit IL-6-Induced STAT3 Activation. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101611. [PMID: 28946703 PMCID: PMC6151764 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The seeds of Alpinia katsumadai yielded two new acyclic triterpenoids, 2,3,6,22,23-pentahydroxy-2,6,11,15,19,23-hexamethyl-tetracosa-7,10,14,18-tetraene (3) and 2,3,6,22,23-pentahydroxy-2,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-7-methylenetetracosa-10,14,18-triene (4), as well as two known compounds, 2,3,22,23-tertrahydroxy-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-tetracosa-6,10,14,18-tetraene (1) and 2,3,5,22,23-pentahydroxy-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-tetracosa-6,10,14,18-tetraene (2). The absolute configurations of 2 and 3, which were determined by means of a modified Mosher’s method, are suggested as (3R; 5S; 22R) and (3R; 22R), respectively. Compounds 1–4 inhibited IL-6-induced JAK2/STAT3 activity in a dose-dependent fashion, with IC50 values of 0.67, 0.71, 2.18, and 2.99 μM. Moreover, IL-6-stimulated phosphorylation of STAT3 was significantly suppressed in U266 cells by the administration of A. katsumadai EtOH extract and Compounds 1 and 2. These results suggest that major phytochemicals, Compounds 1 and 2, obtained from A. katsumadai may be useful candidates for designing new IL-6 inhibitors as anti-inflammatory agents.
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Wu L, Yang W, Zhang SN, Lu JB. Alpinetin inhibits lung cancer progression and elevates sensitization drug-resistant lung cancer cells to cis-diammined dichloridoplatium. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:6119-27. [PMID: 26604699 PMCID: PMC4655908 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s92702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alpinetin is a novel flavonoid that has demonstrated potent antitumor activity in previous studies. However, the efficacy and mechanism of alpinetin in treating lung cancer have not been determined. METHODS We evaluated the impact of different doses and durations of alpinetin treatment on the cell proliferation, the apoptosis of lung cancer cells, as well as the drug-resistant lung cancer cells. RESULTS This study showed that the alpinetin inhibited the cell proliferation, enhanced the apoptosis, and inhibited the PI3K/Akt signaling in lung cancer cells. Moreover, alpinetin significantly increased the sensitivity of drug-resistant lung cancer cells to the chemotherapeutic effect of cis-diammined dichloridoplatium. Taken together, this study demonstrated that alpinetin significantly suppressed the development of human lung cancer possibly by influencing mitochondria and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and sensitized drug-resistant lung cancer cells. CONCLUSION Alpinetin may be used as a potential compound for combinatorial therapy or as a complement to other chemotherapeutic agents when multiple lines of treatments have failed to reduce lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Su-ning Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji-bin Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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Kuete V, Nkuete AHL, Mbaveng AT, Wiench B, Wabo HK, Tane P, Efferth T. Cytotoxicity and modes of action of 4'-hydroxy-2',6'-dimethoxychalcone and other flavonoids toward drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:1651-1657. [PMID: 25442273 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Resistance of cancer to chemotherapy is a main cause in treatment failure. Naturally occurring chalcones possess a wide range of biological activities including anti-cancer effects. In this work, we evaluated the antiproliferative activity of three chalcones [4'-hydroxy-2',6'-dimethoxychalcone (1), cardamomin (2), 2',4'-dihydroxy-3',6'-dimethoxychalcone (3)], and four flavanones [(S)-(-)-pinostrobin (4), (S)-(-)-onysilin (5) and alpinetin (6)] toward nine cancer cell lines amongst which were multidrug resistant (MDR) types. METHODS The resazurin reduction assay was used to detect the antiproliferative activity of the studied samples whilst flow cytometry for the mechanistic studies of the most active molecule (1). RESULTS IC50 values in a range of 2.54 μM against CEM/ADR5000 leukemia cells to 58.63 μM toward hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells were obtained with 1. The lowest IC50 values of 8.59 μM for 2 and 10.67 μM for 3 were found against CCRF-CEM cells leukemia cells, whilst the corresponding values were above 80 μM for 4 and 6. P-glycoprotein-expressing and multidrug-resistant CEM/ADR5000 cells were much more sensitive toward compound 1 than toward doxorubicin and low cross-resistance or even collateral sensitivity was observed in other drug-resistent cell lines to this compound. Normal liver AML12 cells were more resistant to the studied compounds than HepG2 liver cancer cells, indicating tumor specificity at least to some extent. Compound 1 arrested the cell cycle between Go/G1 phase, strongly induced apoptosis via disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the studied leukemia cell line. CONCLUSIONS Chalcone 1 was the best tested cytotoxic molecule and further studies will be performed in order to envisage its possible use in the fight against multifactorial resistant cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Kuete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Antoine H L Nkuete
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Armelle T Mbaveng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Benjamin Wiench
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hippolyte K Wabo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Pierre Tane
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Guan S, Fang B, Song B, Xiong Y, Lu J. Immunosuppressive activity of alpinetin on activation and cytokines secretion of murine T lymphocytes. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2014; 36:290-6. [PMID: 24964870 DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2014.932798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Alpinetin, a flavonoid compound extracted from the seeds of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been known to possess antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and other important therapeutic activities. In the current study, we investigated alpinetin for its immunosuppressive effect on activation and cytokines secretion of murine T lymphocytes. The data showed that alpinetin markedly suppressed ConA-induced murine splenocyte proliferation, Th1/Th2 cytokines production, CD4(+) T-cell populations and ratio of CD4(+)/CD8(+). This inspired us to further study the effects of alpinetin in vivo. The results showed that administration of alpinetin suppressed T-cell-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in mice. In addition, we studied signal transduction pathways about T-cell activation on puried murine T lymphocytes by Western-blot assay. The data revealed that alpinetin could shock the activation of NF-κB, NFAT2 signal transduction pathways. These observations indicated that alpinetin have potential effects in downregulating the immune system and might be developed as a useful immunosuppressive agent in treating undesired immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Guan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education College of Veterinary Medicine and
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Vuong QV, Hirun S, Phillips PA, Chuen TLK, Bowyer MC, Goldsmith CD, Scarlett CJ. Fruit-derived phenolic compounds and pancreatic cancer: perspectives from Australian native fruits. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 152:227-242. [PMID: 24463158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pancreatic cancer is a devastating cancer that presents late, is rapidly progressive and has current therapeutics with only limited efficacy. Bioactive compounds are ubiquitously present in fruits and numerous studies in vitro are addressing the activity of these compounds against pancreatic cancer, thus studies of specific bioactive compounds could lead to new anti-pancreatic cancer strategies. Australian native fruits have been used as foods and medicines by Australian Aboriginals for thousands of years, and preliminary studies have found these fruits to contain rich and diversified bioactive components with high antioxidant activity. Thus, Australian native fruits may possess key components for preventing or delaying the onset of tumorigenesis, or for the treatment of existing cancers, including pancreatic cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Numerous databases including PubMed, SciFinder, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and Sciencedirect were analysed for correlations between bioactive components from fruits and pancreatic cancer, as well as studies concerning Australian native fruits. RESULTS In this review, we comprehensively highlight the proposed mechanisms of action of fruit bioactives as anti-cancer agents, update the potential anti-pancreatic cancer activity of various major classes of bioactive compounds derived from fruits, and discuss the existence of bioactive compounds identified from a selection Australian native fruits for future studies. CONCLUSION Bioactive compounds derived from fruits possess the potential for the discovery of new anti-pancreatic cancer strategies. Further, Australian native fruits are rich in polyphenols including some flora that contain unique phenolic compounds, thereby warranting further investigations into their anti-cancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q V Vuong
- Pancreatic Cancer Research, Nutrition Food & Health Research Group, Australia; School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - S Hirun
- Pancreatic Cancer Research, Nutrition Food & Health Research Group, Australia; School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - P A Phillips
- Pancreatic Cancer Translational Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - T L K Chuen
- Pancreatic Cancer Research, Nutrition Food & Health Research Group, Australia; School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - M C Bowyer
- Pancreatic Cancer Research, Nutrition Food & Health Research Group, Australia; School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - C D Goldsmith
- Pancreatic Cancer Research, Nutrition Food & Health Research Group, Australia; School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - C J Scarlett
- Pancreatic Cancer Research, Nutrition Food & Health Research Group, Australia; School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
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Zhou L, Guo X, Chen M, Fu S, Zhou J, Ren G, Yang Z, Fan W. Inhibition of δ-opioid receptors induces brain glioma cell apoptosis through the mitochondrial and protein kinase C pathways. Oncol Lett 2013; 6:1351-1357. [PMID: 24179523 PMCID: PMC3813693 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain glioma is a malignant tumor with a high incidence rate and poor prognosis that has become a focus of studies of central nervous system diseases. Previous studies have suggested that δ-opioid receptors may affect the proliferation and apoptosis of numerous types of tumor cells. However, to date, their precise mechanism(s) of action have not been elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of inhibiting δ-opioid receptors in brain glioma cell proliferation and apoptosis and their relevant molecular mechanisms. Various doses of naltrindole were supplied to treat brain glioma cells using the MTT method to assess the proliferation index. Flow cytometry was used to investigate the changes in cell apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential. The expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, cytochrome c, caspase-9, caspase-3 and protein kinase C (PKC) were measured using western blotting. Naltrindole was observed to inhibit brain glioma cell proliferation and promote apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, the addition of naltrindole lead to changes in the brain glioma cell membrane potential and regulated Bax translocation to the mitochondrial membrane, consequently promoting the release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm, followed by the activation of caspase-9 and -3, which caused cell apoptosis. In addition, naltrindole was able to regulate the expression levels of the cellular internal phosphorylated PKC proteins, which are closely associated with the inhibition of cell proliferation. In conclusion, the inhibition of δ-opioid receptors may inhibit brain glioma cell proliferation and lead to apoptosis, which is closely associated with the mitochondrial and PKC pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Wang A, Zhang B, Zhang J, Wu W, Wu W. Embelin-induced brain glioma cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via the mitochondrial pathway. Oncol Rep 2013; 29:2473-8. [PMID: 23545899 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain glioma is the most common malignant intracranial tumor and has become the focus of research on diseases of the central nervous system due to its high incidence and poor prognosis. As a small‑molecule inhibitor of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), embelin has the ability to specifically inhibit XIAP to control and regulate the apoptosis of various types of tumor cells. However, to date, the mechanism of action for this effect is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role that the mitochondrial pathway plays in embelin-induced brain glioma cell apoptosis and the effect of embelin on the cell cycle. Brain glioma cells were treated with different doses of embelin. The MTT method was used to determine cell proliferation, and flow cytometry was used to determine apoptosis, as well as changes in the cell cycle and cell mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression levels of apoptosis‑associated proteins, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Bax and Bak as well as cytochrome c. We found that embelin induced a time‑ and dose‑dependent apoptosis of brain glioma cells, and that it could arrest the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase. Embelin also caused changes in brain glioma cell mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, embelin regulated the shifting of Bax and Bcl-2 to promote the mitochondrial release of cytochrome c, thus activating the caspase proteins to cause apoptosis. Thus, embelin induces apoptosis in brain glioma cells which is closely associated with the mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Neurology, Central Hospital of Nanyang, Nanyang 473009, PR China
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WANG ZHENRAN, LU WENJING, LI YANG, TANG BO. Alpinetin promotes Bax translocation, induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway and arrests human gastric cancer cells at the G2/M phase. Mol Med Rep 2012; 7:915-20. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2012.1243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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