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Li C, Wu C, Li F, Xu W, Zhang X, Huang Y, Xia D. Targeting Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Gouty Arthritis: Insights into Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Potential. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:1735-1763. [PMID: 38523684 PMCID: PMC10960513 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s460333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Gouty arthritis (GA) is an immune-mediated disorder characterized by severe inflammation due to the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the joints. The pathophysiological mechanisms of GA are not yet fully understood, and therefore, the identification of effective therapeutic targets is of paramount importance. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), an intricate structure of DNA scaffold, encompassing myeloperoxidase, histones, and elastases - have gained significant attention as a prospective therapeutic target for gouty arthritis, due to their innate antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. Hence, exploring the therapeutic potential of NETs in gouty arthritis remains an enticing avenue for further investigation. During the process of gouty arthritis, the formation of NETs triggers the release of inflammatory cytokines, thereby contributing to the inflammatory response, while MSU crystals and cytokines are sequestered and degraded by the aggregation of NETs. Here, we provide a concise summary of the inflammatory processes underlying the initiation and resolution of gouty arthritis mediated by NETs. Furthermore, this review presents an overview of the current pharmacological approaches for treating gouty arthritis and summarizes the potential of natural and synthetic product-based inhibitors that target NET formation as novel therapeutic options, alongside elucidating the intrinsic challenges of these inhibitors in NETs research. Lastly, the limitations of HL-60 cell as a suitable substitute of neutrophils in NETs research are summarized and discussed. Series of recommendations are provided, strategically oriented towards guiding future investigations to effectively address these concerns. These findings will contribute to an enhanced comprehension of the interplay between NETs and GA, facilitating the proposition of innovative therapeutic strategies and novel approaches for the management of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cantao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fenfen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daozong Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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Trophoblasts Modulate the Ca 2+ Oscillation and Contraction of Myometrial Smooth Muscle Cells by Small Extracellular Vesicle- (sEV-) Mediated Exporting of miR-25-3p during Premature Labor. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8140667. [PMID: 34413928 PMCID: PMC8369173 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8140667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The placenta could transmit information to the maternal circulation via the secretion of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), but little is known about whether and how these sEVs participate in premature labor (PTL). We speculate that miRNA plays an important role in sEV-mediated fetal-maternal information transmission. The present study was aimed at investigating whether the placenta can regulate the contraction of the maternal myometrium via sEV-mediated transmit of miR-25-3p during PTL. The expression of miR-25-3p and its targets Cav3.2 and SERCA2a in clinical samples, cells, and animal specimens was detected. The role of miR-25-3p was observed in the LPS-induced preterm labor mouse model. The sEVs from HTR-8/SVneo cells were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The Ca2+ oscillation in HMSMs was analyzed by an intracellular Ca2+ change tracking assay on a confocal microscope. The contraction of HMSMs was detected by a collagen matrix contraction assay. We found that miR-25-3p can directly bind to the 3′UTR of Cav3.2 and SERCA2a. The miR-25-3p level was decreased, and the expression of its targets Cav3.2 and SERCA2a was increased in the placenta and myometrium tissues of PTL patients. Forced upregulation of miR-25-3p reduced the oxidative stress and inflammation responses and the incidence of PTL in LPS-treated mice. The expression of miR-25-3p was not changed in LPS-stimulated human myometrial smooth muscle cells (HMSMs) but was strongly reduced in the trophoblast cell and its sEVs. Additionally, the trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo could transmit miR-25-3p into HMSMs via sEVs. The sEVs derived from LPS-stimulated trophoblasts upregulated the expression of Cav3.2 and SERCA2a and triggered Ca2+ oscillation as well as the contraction of HMSMs; these effects were partially reversed by the overexpression of miR-25-3p in the trophoblasts. Further, the upregulation of miR-25-3p induced changes of Ca2+ oscillation and contraction of HMSMs mediated by sEVs which were also abrogated by the knockdown of miR-25-3p in HMSMs. The results demonstrated that miR-25-3p plays a crucial role in PTL via Cav3.2- and SERCA2a-mediated Ca2+ oscillation and contraction of HMSMs. PTL seems to be related to the decreased exosomal miR-25-3p content transmitted by the trophoblasts under inflammatory conditions.
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IGF-1 Deficiency Rescue and Intracellular Calcium Blockade Improves Survival and Corresponding Mechanisms in a Mouse Model of Acute Kidney Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114095. [PMID: 32521790 PMCID: PMC7312627 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to test two therapies for acute kidney injury (AKI) prevention, IGF-1, which is renal protective, and BTP-2, which is a calcium entry (SOCE) inhibitor. We utilized lipopolysaccharide (LPS) IP, as a systemic model of AKI and studied in five groups of animals. Three experiments showed that at 7 days: (1) LPS significantly reduced serum IGF-1 and intramuscular IGF-I in vivo gene therapy rescued this deficiency. (2) Next, at the 7-day time point, our combination therapy, compared to the untreated group, caused a significant increase in survival, which was noteworthy because all of the untreated animals died in 72 h. (3) The four pathways associated with inflammation, including (A) increase in cytosolic calcium, (B) elaboration of proinflammatory cytokines, (C) impairment of vascular integrity, and (D) cell injury, were adversely affected in renal tissue by LPS, using a sublethal dose of LPS. The expression of several genes was measured in each of the above pathways. The combined therapy of IGF-1 and BTP-2 caused a favorable gene expression response in all four pathways. Our current study was an AKI study, but these pathways are also involved in other types of severe inflammation, including sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and probably severe coronavirus infection.
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LI H, HOU H, LIU S, FENG Y, ZHONG W, HU X, YAN N. miR-33 and RIP140 participate in LPS-induced acute lung injury. Turk J Med Sci 2019; 49:422-428. [PMID: 30761836 PMCID: PMC7350843 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1804-173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) play a pivotal role in the process of acute lung injury (ALI), which can be induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Numerous reports have indicated that both miR-33 and RIP140 are involved in the inflammatory response in macrophages. In this study, we sought to investigate whether miR-33 and RIP140 participate in ALI induced by LPS. Materials and methods First, we isolated and identified PMVECs from BALB/c mice. Subsequently, both PMVECs and BALB/c mice were treated with PBS, LPS, or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) plus LPS and divided into three groups: control (PBS), LPS (LPS), and L+P (LPS plus PDTC) groups. We assessed pathology by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and miR-33 and RIP140 expression levels were examined using quantitative PCR and Western blot analyses. Results Our results demonstrated that LPS can induce PMVEC injury and ALI and that LPS treatment significantly decreased miR-33 expression compared with controls (P < 0.001, n = 5). On the contrary, RIP140 was markedly overexpressed by LPS treatment (P < 0.001, n = 5). However, this alteration can be inhibited by pretreatment with PDTC before LPS (P < 0.05, n = 5). Conclusion This study is the first to confirm that both miR-33 and RIP140 participate in LPS-induced PMVEC injury and ALI, which may help uncover the mechanism of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua LI
- Basic Medical Experiments Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangxiP.R. China
| | - Huan HOU
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangxiP.R. China
| | - Shuang LIU
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangxiP.R. China
| | - Yangyang FENG
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangxiP.R. China
| | - Wansi ZHONG
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangxiP.R. China
| | - Xiaojuan HU
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangxiP.R. China
| | - Nianlong YAN
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangxiP.R. China
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Bedini A, Baiula M, Vincelli G, Formaggio F, Lombardi S, Caprini M, Spampinato S. Nociceptin/orphanin FQ antagonizes lipopolysaccharide-stimulated proliferation, migration and inflammatory signaling in human glioblastoma U87 cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 140:89-104. [PMID: 28583844 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is among the most aggressive brain tumors and has an exceedingly poor prognosis. Recently, the importance of the tumor microenvironment in glioblastoma cell growth and progression has been emphasized. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) recognizes bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and endogenous ligands originating from dying cells or the extracellular matrix involved in host defense and in inflammation. G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) have gained interest in anti-tumor drug discovery due to the role that they directly or indirectly play by transactivating other receptors, causing cell migration and proliferation. A proteomic analysis showed that the nociceptin receptor (NOPr) is among the GPCRs significantly expressed in glioblastoma cells, including U87 cells. We describe a novel role of the peptide nociceptin (N/OFQ), the endogenous ligand of the NOPr that counteracts cell migration, proliferation and increase in IL-1β mRNA elicited by LPS via TLR4 in U87 glioblastoma cells. Signaling pathways through which N/OFQ inhibits LPS-mediated cell migration and elevation of [Ca2+]i require β-arrestin 2 and are sensitive to TNFR-associated factor 6, c-Src and protein kinase C (PKC). LPS-induced cell proliferation and increase in IL-1β mRNA are counteracted by N/OFQ via β-arrestin 2, PKC and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2; furthermore, the contributions of the transcription factors NF-kB and AP-1 were investigated. Independent of LPS, N/OFQ induces a significant increase in cell apoptosis. Contrary to what was observed in other cell models, a prolonged exposure to this endotoxin did not promote any tolerance of the cellular effects above described, including NOPr down-regulation while N/OFQ loses its inhibitory role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bedini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Baiula
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele Vincelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Formaggio
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Lombardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Caprini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Santi Spampinato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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Hu S, Ding Y, Gong J, Yan N. Sphingomyelin synthase 2 affects CD14‑associated induction of NF‑κB by lipopolysaccharides in acute lung injury in mice. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:3301-6. [PMID: 27510408 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the predominant component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, which can cause severe inflammation in the body. The acute lung injury (ALI) induced by LPS can cause extensive damage to the lung tissue, the severe stage of which is termed acute respiratory distress syndrome, when multiple organ dysfunction syndrome may appear. There are no effective clinical treatment measures at present. The involvement of cluster of differentiation (CD)14 assists LPS in causing inflammatory reactions, and CD14 and sphingomyelin (SM), located in lipid rafts areas, are closely associated. SM synthase (SMS) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of SM, however, the effect of SMS on the inflammatory pathway involving nuclear factor (NF)‑κB induced by LPS remains to be elucidated. Under the premise of the establishment of an ALI mouse model induced by LPS, the present study established a control group, LPS group and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC; an NF‑κB pathway inhibitor) group. Hematoxylin‑eosin staining, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, western blot analysis and thin layer chromatography were used to investigate the mechanism of SMS in ALI. Compared with the control group, the mRNA and protein levels of CD14 were significantly increased (P<0.001; n=5 and P<0.05, n=5), and the activity of SMS and expression of SMS2 were significantly upregulated (P<0.001; n=5 and P<0.05, n=5) in the model group. The increases of SMS2 and CD14 in the PDTC group were less marked, compared with those in the model group (P<0.05; n=5). These findings suggested that the degree of lung injury was reduced during the acute inflammatory reaction when NF‑κB was inhibited, and that the expression of SMS2 may affect the induction of the NF‑κB pathway by LPS through CD14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shidong Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Graduate School, Nanchang University Health Science Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jie Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Nianlong Yan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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