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Yin X, Guo Z, Song C. AMPK, a key molecule regulating aging-related myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:257. [PMID: 38302614 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09050-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Aging leads to the threat of more diseases to the biological anatomical structure and the decline of disease resistance, increasing the incidence and mortality of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI). Moreover, MI/RI promotes damage to an aging heart. Notably, 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates cellular energy metabolism, stress response, and protein metabolism, participates in aging-related signaling pathways, and plays an essential role in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury diseases. This study aims to introduce the aging theory, summarize the interaction between aging and MI/RI, and describe the crosstalk of AMPK in aging and MI/RI. We show how AMPK can offer protective effects against age-related stressors, lifestyle factors such as alcohol consumption and smoking, and hypertension. We also review some of the clinical prospects for the development of interventions that harness the effect of AMPK to treat MI/RI and other age-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, No.218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Ziyuan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, No.218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Chunli Song
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, No.218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, China.
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2
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Tao X, Liu K, Li W, Zhao S, Liu C, Dai Q, Dong T, Wei P, Duan J, Wang J, Xi M. Saponin of Aralia taibaiensis promotes angiogenesis through VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway in cerebral ischemic mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116771. [PMID: 37308026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aralia taibaiensis is known for its ability to promote blood circulation and dispel blood stasis, activate meridians and remove arthralgia. The saponins of Aralia taibaiensis (sAT) are the main active components that are often used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, it has not been reported whether sAT can improve ischemic stroke (IS) by promoting angiogenesis. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we investigated the potential of sAT to promote post-ischemic angiogenesis in mice and determined the underlying mechanism through in vitro experiments. METHODS To establish the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice model in vivo. First of all, we examined the neurological function, brain infarct volume, and degree of brain swelling in MCAO mice. We also observed pathological changes in brain tissue, ultrastructural changes in blood vessels and neurons, and the degree of vascular neovascularization. Additionally, we established the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) -human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) model in vitro to detect the survival, proliferation, migration and tube formation of OGD/R HUVECs. Finally, we verified the regulatory mechanism of Src and PLCγ1 siRNA on sAT promoting angiogenesis by cell transfection technique. RESULTS In the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion mice, sAT distinctly improved the cerebral infarct volume, brain swelling degree, neurological dysfunction, and brain histopathological morphology due to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. It also increased the double positive expression of BrdU and CD31 in brain tissue, promoted the release of VEGF and NO and decreased the release of NSE and LDH. In the OGD/R HUVECs, sAT significantly improved cell survival, proliferation, migration and tube formation, promoted the release of VEGF and NO, and increased the expression of VEGF, VEGFR2, PLCγ1, ERK1/2, Src and eNOS. Surprisingly, the effect of sAT on angiogenesis was inhibited by Src siRNA and PLCγ1 siRNA in OGD/R HUVECs. CONCLUSION The results proved that sAT promotes angiogenesis in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion mice and its mechanism is to regulate VEGF/VEGFR2 and then regulate Src/eNOS and PLCγ1/ERK1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingru Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710032, China; College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of TCM, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, 712046, China
| | - Kedi Liu
- TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi'an, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710032, China
| | - Weihong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of TCM, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, 712046, China
| | - Shi Zhao
- TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi'an, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710032, China
| | - Chengzhao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of TCM, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, 712046, China
| | - Qi Dai
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of TCM, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, 712046, China
| | - Taiwei Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of TCM, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, 712046, China
| | - Peifeng Wei
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shaanxi University of TCM, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, 712000, China.
| | - Jialin Duan
- Institute of Medicine, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710072, China.
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710032, China.
| | - Miaomiao Xi
- TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi'an, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710032, China; National Drug Clinical Trial Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shaanxi University of TCM, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, 712000, China.
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3
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Sun J, Fan J, Yang F, Su X, Li X, Tian L, Liu C, Xing Y. Effect and possible mechanisms of saponins in Chinese herbal medicine exerts for the treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in experimental animal: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1147740. [PMID: 37564906 PMCID: PMC10410164 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1147740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury is the main direction of myocardial infarction treatment in the convalescent stage. Some studies have suggested that saponins in Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparations can protect the myocardium by various mechanisms. Our meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy of TCM saponins in treating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) and to summarize the potential molecular mechanisms further. Methods We conducted a literature search in six electronic databases [Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Sinomed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI)] until October 2022. Results Seventeen eligible studies included 386 animals (254 received saponins and 132 received vehicles). The random effect model is used to calculate the combined effect. The effect size is expressed as the weighted average difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Compared with placebo, saponins preconditioning reduced infarct size after MIRI significantly (WMD: -3.60,95% CI: -4.45 to -2.74, P < 0.01, I2: 84.7%, P < 0.001), and significantly increased EF (WMD: 3.119, 95% CI: 2.165 to 4.082, P < 0.01, I2: 82.9%, P < 0.0 L) and FS (WMD: 3.157, 95% CI: 2.218 to 4.097, P < 0.001, I2: 81.3%, P < 0.001). Discussion The results show that the pre-administration of saponins from TCM has a significant protective effect on MIRI in preclinical studies, which provides an application prospect for developing anti-MIRI drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Sun
- Yanqing Hospital of Beijing Chinese Medicine Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarong Fan
- Clinical Department of Integrative Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Su
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinye Li
- Clinical Department of Integrative Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li Tian
- Clinical Department of Integrative Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Can Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Xing
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Wang X, Zhu Q, Li Y. Purification, characterization and bioactivities of a 4-O-methylglucuronoxylan from Aralia echinocaulis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125402. [PMID: 37331542 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of active constituents from food plants is an important area of research in pharmaceutical sciences. Aralia echinocaulis is a medicinal food plant that is mainly used to prevent or treat rheumatoid arthritis in China. This paper reported the isolation, purification and bioactivity of a polysaccharide (HSM-1-1) from A. echinocaulis. Its structural features were analyzed according to the molecular weight distribution, monosaccharide composition, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. The results indicated that HSM-1-1 was a new 4-O-methylglucuronoxylan mainly composed of xylan and 4-O-methyl glucuronic acid with the molecular weight of 1.6 × 104 Da. Furthermore, the antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities of HSM-1-1 in vitro were investigated, and the results showed that HSM-1-1 had potent proliferation inhibition activity on colon cancer cell SW480 with an inhibition rate of 17.57 ± 1.03 % at a concentration of 600 μg/mL, as measured via MTS methods. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a polysaccharide structure obtained from A. echinocaulis and its bioactivities, and its potential as an adjuvant natural product with antitumor effects is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Qiannan Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yunzhi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China.
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Chuong Nguyen TH, Kim Lien GT, Yen PH, Ho TT, Thuy Van DT, Van Kiem P, Hung NH, Kuo PC, Setzer WN. Molluscicidal Activity of Compounds From the Roots of Aralia armata Against the Golden Apple Snail ( Pomacea canaliculata). Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221144573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aralia armata (Araliaceae) is considered to exhibit effective molluscicidal activity, however, the relationship between the chemical components and molluscicidal activity has not been clearly elucidated. This research attempts to decipher these correlations among the 15 compounds isolated from Vietnam-grown A. armata roots against the freshwater snail, Pomacea canaliculata, a gastropod causing severe damage in agricultural production. Methods: Fifteen saponins were isolated from the methanol root extract of A. armata using chromatographic methods and were identified using spectroscopic techniques. The compounds were screened for molluscicidal activity against P. canaliculata, as well as toxicity against brine shrimp ( Artemia sp.) and phytotoxicity against rice germination and growth. Results: The saponin compounds exhibited extraordinary inhibition of P. canaliculata with LC50 values ranging from 7.90 to 17.50 µg/mL. Notably, the active compounds from A. armata exhibit safety for both nontarget aquatic animals, specifically Artemia sp. with LC50 values between 148.55 and 193.22 µg/mL, and the growth and development of Oryza sativa L. plants showed very little difference compared with the negative control . A molecular docking analysis indicated P. canaliculata acetylcholinesterase (PcAChE) and the actin-binding protein villin (PcVillin) to be potential biomolecular targets of the A. armata saponins. Conclusion: The present experimental and in silico data illustrate the potential of A. armata in agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Hong Chuong Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural sciences, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Giang Thi Kim Lien
- Institute for Research and Executive Education, The University of Danang, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Pham Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Tam Ho
- Faculty of Natural sciences, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Do Thi Thuy Van
- University of Science Education, The University of Danang, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Huy Hung
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural sciences, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA
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Liang Z, He Y, Hu X. Cardio-Oncology: Mechanisms, Drug Combinations, and Reverse Cardio-Oncology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810617. [PMID: 36142538 PMCID: PMC9501315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy have brought hope to cancer patients. With the prolongation of survival of cancer patients and increased clinical experience, cancer-therapy-induced cardiovascular toxicity has attracted attention. The adverse effects of cancer therapy that can lead to life-threatening or induce long-term morbidity require rational approaches to prevention and treatment, which requires deeper understanding of the molecular biology underpinning the disease. In addition to the drugs used widely for cardio-protection, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulations are also efficacious and can be expected to achieve “personalized treatment” from multiple perspectives. Moreover, the increased prevalence of cancer in patients with cardiovascular disease has spurred the development of “reverse cardio-oncology”, which underscores the urgency of collaboration between cardiologists and oncologists. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which cancer therapy induces cardiovascular toxicity, the combination of antineoplastic and cardioprotective drugs, and recent advances in reverse cardio-oncology.
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Oxytocin ameliorates high glucose- and ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury by suppressing pyroptosis via AMPK signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113498. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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The Neuroprotective Effect of Shenmai Injection on Oxidative Stress Injury in PC12 Cells Based on Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6969740. [PMID: 35668778 PMCID: PMC9166949 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6969740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Shenmai injection (SMI) has been used in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases and cardiovascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of SMI for neuroprotection after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the potential molecular mechanism of SMI in treating reperfusion injury after AIS and its protective effect on PC12 cells against oxidative stress through in vitro experiments based on network pharmacological predictions. Methods The network pharmacology method was used to collect the compounds in SMI and AIS damage targets, construct the "drug-disease" target interaction network diagram, screen the core targets, and predict the potential mechanism of SMI treatment of AIS. In addition, the oxidative stress model of PC12 cells was induced by H2O2 to evaluate the neuroprotective effect and predictive mechanism of SMI on PC12 cells. Results A component-targeted disease and functional pathway network showed that 24 components from SMI regulated 77 common targets shared by SMI and AIS. In PC12 cells damaged by H2O2, SMI increased cell survival, alleviated oxidative stress injury, prevented cell apoptosis, and increased the expression of APJ, AMPK, and p-GSK-3β. After Si-APJ silenced APJ expression, the above protective effect of SMI was significantly weakened. Conclusion SMI is characterized by multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways and inhibits oxidative stress and alleviates nerve injury induced by H2O2 through regulating the APJ/AMPK/GSK-3β pathway.
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Targeting AMPK signaling in ischemic/reperfusion injury: From molecular mechanism to pharmacological interventions. Cell Signal 2022; 94:110323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Zhao X, Huang J, Mo Z, Wei J, Zhong C, Teng H. Aralia armata (Wall.) Seem Improves Intimal Hyperplasia after Vascular Injury by Downregulating the Wnt3 α/Dvl-1/ β-Catenin Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6682525. [PMID: 34337044 PMCID: PMC8292040 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6682525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to examine the mechanism of Aralia armata (Wall.) Seem (AAS) in improving intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury in rats. Rats with femoral artery injury were randomly divided into three groups: the model group, AAS low-dose group (40 mg/kg), and AAS high-dose group (80 mg/kg). The sham operation group was used as a control group. HE staining was used to observe the changes in femoral artery vessels. Immunohistochemistry was adopted to detect α-SMA, PCNA, GSK-3β, and β-catenin proteins in femoral artery tissue. The CCK-8 test and wound healing assay were employed to analyze the effect of AAS on proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) cultured in vitro. Western blotting (WB) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were used to evaluate the molecular mechanism. AAS reduced the stenosis of blood vessels and the protein expressions of α-SMA, PCNA, GSK-3β, and β-catenin compared to the model group. In addition, AAS (0-15 μg/mL) effectively inhibited the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Moreover, the results of WB and PCR showed that AAS could inhibit the activation of β-catenin induced by 15% FBS and significantly decrease the expression levels of Wnt3α, Dvl-1, GSK-3β, β-catenin, and cyclin D1 in the upstream and downstream of the pathway. AAS could effectively inhibit the proliferation and migration of neointima after vascular injury in rats by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpei Zhao
- Department of Technology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China
| | - Jinchang Huang
- Department of Academic Affairs, Ruikang Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Zhenyu Mo
- Department of Academic Affairs, Ruikang Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Jiangcun Wei
- Department of Technology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China
| | - Chuanmei Zhong
- Department of Technology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China
| | - Hongli Teng
- Department of Technology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China
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Wang R, Wang M, Zhou J, Wu D, Ye J, Sun G, Sun X. Saponins in Chinese Herbal Medicine Exerts Protection in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Possible Mechanism and Target Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:570867. [PMID: 33597866 PMCID: PMC7883640 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.570867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia is a high-risk disease among middle-aged and senior individuals. After thrombolytic therapy, heart tissue can potentially suffer further damage, which is called myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). At present, the treatment methods and drugs for MIRI are scarce and cannot meet the current clinical needs. The mechanism of MIRI involves the interaction of multiple factors, and the current research hotspots mainly include oxidative stress, inflammation, calcium overload, energy metabolism disorders, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has multiple targets and few toxic side effects; clinical preparations containing Panax ginseng C. A. Mey., Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen, Aralia chinensis L., cardioprotection, and other Chinese herbal medicines have been used to treat patients with coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, and other cardiovascular diseases. Studies have shown that saponins are the main active substances in TCMs containing Panax ginseng C. A. Mey., Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen, Aralia chinensis L., and Radix astragali. In the present review, we sorted the saponin components with anti-MIRI effects and their regulatory mechanisms. Each saponin can play a cardioprotective role via multiple mechanisms, and the signaling pathways involved in different saponins are not the same. We found that more active saponins in Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. are mainly dammar-type structures and have a strong regulatory effect on energy metabolism. The highly active saponin components of Aralia chinensis L. are oleanolic acid structures, which have significant regulatory effects on calcium homeostasis. Therefore, saponins in Chinese herbal medicine provide a broad application prospect for the development of highly effective and low-toxicity anti-MIRI drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Daoshun Wu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxue Ye
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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12
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Li M, Li X, Zhou L, Jin Y. Effects of total saponins from Panacis majoris Rhizoma and its degradation products on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110538. [PMID: 32731133 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Panacis majoris Rhizoma, which is a member of herbal medicine, is known for many years to remove blood stasis, promote blood circulation, and enrich the blood. The active ingredients of this plant are mainly attributed to saponins. AIM OF THE STUDY The total saponins from Panacis majoris Rhizoma (TSPJ), and the degradation products of TSPJ (DTSPJ), were designed in this study to compare the protective effects on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and the aim of this approach is to discover more effective agents for the treatment of ischemic heart diseases. We analyzed the main constituents of TSPJ and DTSPJ, aiming to make clear which saponins played important roles in this protective effect, and also investigated the possible mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS DTSPJ was prepared by the method of alkaline hydrolysis. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to analyze the main chemical constituents of TSPJ and DTSPJ, which were isolated by chromatographic techniques and identified by comparison with the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) data in reported literature. Male Wistar rats were randomized to sham-operated group, ischemia-reperfusion group, three TSPJ (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) groups, three DTSPJ (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) groups, and isosorbide dinitrate tablet (5.0 mg/kg) group. The rats in all groups were intragastrically administrated once per day for three successive days. The establishment of the model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury was used the following method: firstly, the left coronary artery of experimental rat was ligated for 30 min and then reperfused for 120 min. Then the myocardial infarct size, hemorheological and biochemical parameters, whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, platelet adhesion rate, platelet aggregation and histopathology changes were assessed. RESULTS Five C3,C28-bidesmosidic oleanane-type saponins and ginsenoside Rd were the main constituents of TSPJ, and their total content in TSPJ was 79.2 %. The main constituents of DTSPJ were five C3-monodesmosidic oleanane-type saponins and ginsenoside Rd, and their total content in DTSPJ was 72.6 %. The HPLC analysis revealed that the five C3,C28-bidesmosidic oleanane-type saponins in TSPJ were completely turned into five C3-monodesmosidic oleanane-type saponins in DTSPJ through the method of alkaline hydrolysis, but ginsenoside Rd remained unchanged. Both TSPJ and DTSPJ could significantly reduced myocardial infarct size, and improved heart function, and lowered the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase isoenzymes (CK-MB), and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) content, as well as the levels of whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, platelet adhesion rate, and platelet aggregation; on the contrary, both the level of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were notablely increased. The results of histopathological examination further supported the cardioprotective effects of TSPJ and DTSPJ. CONCLUSION Both TSPJ and DTSPJ can guard cardiomyocytes against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. The underlying mechanisms may be closely related to its enhancing anti-oxidative properties, modifying blood viscosity, and inhibiting platelet aggregation and platelet adhesion. As a whole, the protection of DTSPJ against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury was a little stronger than those of TSPJ. The results display the prospect of DTSPJ as a drug candidate for treating ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Xuwen Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, PR China
| | - Limei Zhou
- Jilin Modern Chinese Medicine Engineering and Research Center Co., Ltd, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, PR China
| | - Yongri Jin
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, PR China.
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Peng N, Jin L, He A, Deng C, Wang X. Effect of sulphoraphane on newborn mouse cardiomyocytes undergoing ischaemia/reperfusion injury. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2019; 57:753-759. [PMID: 31686558 PMCID: PMC6844446 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1680705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Context: Sulphoraphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate, having antioxidant activity, antitumor, and therapeutic effects on cardiovascular disease.Objective: This study explores the mechanisms of SFN preconditioning on ischaemia/reperfusion injury (IRI).Materials and methods: Cardiomyocytes were divided into four groups as follows: control group (normoxic condition), SFN group (5 μmol/L), hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) group (1 h, 3 h) and SFN + H/R group. Cell viability was determined by MTT method. Levels of creatine kinase (CK), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and maleic dialdehyde (MDA) were determined by colorimetric method. Cell apoptosis, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were determined by flow cytometry. Levels of Bax, Bcl-2, C caspase-3, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were detected by Western blot.Results: H/R model inhibited cell viability, increased the levels of LDH, CK, Bax and C caspase-3, and decreased the levels of NO, Bcl-2, while the effect of H/R was partially reversed by SFN. SFN treatment reduced ROS, MDA (from 4.9 nM to 2.8 nM) production, elevated SOD level (from 39.5 U/mL to 61.7 U/mL) and improved MMP damage. Under the effect of SFN, up-regulation of nuclear Nrf2 expression and down-regulation of cytosolic Nrf2 expression were observed, which led to Nrf2 nuclear translocation and enhanced the expression of HO-1.Conclusion: These results suggested that SFN had a protective effect on cardiomyocytes undergoing IRI, and its mechanism may be realized via activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, thereby inhibiting apoptosis. This might provide a new approach for the treatment of ischaemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Jingmen No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jingmen, China
| | - Luping Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Jingmen No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jingmen, China
| | - Aizhen He
- Department of Cardiology, Jingmen No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jingmen, China
| | - Changjin Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Jingmen No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jingmen, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jingmen No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jingmen, China
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14
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Wang S, Ye L, Wang L. Protective mechanism of shenmai on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion through the energy metabolism pathway. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:4046-4062. [PMID: 31396317 PMCID: PMC6684917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Shenmai (SM) injection has been reported to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, but its effect on energy metabolism during I/R and the underlying mechanism remain unknown. To explore the protective mechanism of SM on ischemic cardiomyopathy, primary cardiomyocytes from SD rats were treated with SM, total saponins of Panax ginseng (TSPG), L-carnitine (LC) and trimetazidine (TMZ). Changes in glucose, free fatty acids (FFAs), pyruvic acid (PA), lactic acid (LA) and intracellular ATP capacity were observed with the appropriate assays. For each treatment group, the key enzymes and transporters of myocardial energy metabolism were detected and compared via Western blot. Furthermore, impairments after I/R were assessed by examining cardiomyocyte apoptosis and LDH and PK activity in the culture medium. Our results indicated that SM and TSPG markedly alleviated the decrease in key enzymes and transporters and the utilization of metabolic substrates following I/R, while SM prevented aberrant apoptosis and restored the depleted ATP resulting from I/R. Notably, the effects of SM were superior to those of its main components TSPG, LC and TMZ. Thus, the protective effect of SM in ischemic cardiomyopathy may be mediated by the upregulation of key enzymes and restoration of the depleted ATP content in the energy metabolism process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaomei Wang
- Bengbu Medical CollegeDonghai Road, Bengbu 233030, Anhui, PR China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lifang Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
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15
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Ding Y, Zhao Q, Wang L. Pro-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects of araloside A on human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 306:131-137. [PMID: 31004595 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes play an essential role in the occurrence and progression of rheumatoid arthritis. As the main pharmacologically active components of Aralia taibaiensis, total saponins, particularly triterpenoid saponins, have been shown to possess multiple pharmacological activities including relieving rheumatism. However, the effect of araloside A, a triterpenoid saponin extracted from the root bark of Aralia taibaiensis, on rheumatoid arthritis remains unknown. Cell counting kit-8 assay was employed to determine cell viability. Flow cytometry analysis, caspase-3/7 activity assay and Western blot analysis of cytochrome c and B-cell lymphoma 2 were conducted to evaluate cell apoptosis. Inflammation was assessed by detecting the production of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 and interleukin-8, as well as inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2. The changes of the nuclear factor kappa B pathway were examined by Western blot. Results showed that araloside A concentration-dependently inhibited the proliferation of MH7A cells. Meanwhile, araloside A dose-dependently augmented the apoptotic rate and caspase-3/7 activity, increased cytochrome c level and decreased B-cell lymphoma 2 level in MH7A cells. Araloside A concentration-dependently curbed the production of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide in MH7A cells. In addition, we found that araloside A inhibited the nuclear factor kappa B pathway and inhibition of the nuclear factor kappa B pathway by BAY11-7082 and PDTC showed a similar role to araloside A in MH7A cells. Taken together, araloside A exerted pro-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes via inhibition of the nuclear factor kappa B pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Ding
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, China
| | - Laifang Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, China.
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Luo G, Jian Z, Zhu Y, Zhu Y, Chen B, Ma R, Tang F, Xiao Y. Sirt1 promotes autophagy and inhibits apoptosis to protect cardiomyocytes from hypoxic stress. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:2033-2043. [PMID: 30864731 PMCID: PMC6443335 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) exerts its cardioprotective effects in various cardiovascular diseases via multiple cellular activities. However, the therapeutic implications of Sirt1 in hypoxic cardiomyocytes and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The present study investigated whether Sirt1 regulates autophagy and apoptosis in hypoxic H9C2 cardiomyocytes and in an experimental hypoxic mouse model. Right ventricular outflow tract biopsies were obtained from patients with cyanotic or acyanotic congenital heart diseases. Adenovirus Ad‑Sirt1 was used to activate Sirt1 and Ad‑Sh‑Sirt1 was used to inhibit Sirt1 expression in H9C2 cells, in order to investigate the effect of Sirt1 on cellular autophagy and apoptosis. SRT1720, a pharmacological activator of Sirt1 and EX‑527, a Sirt1 antagonist, were administered to mice to explore the role of Sirt1 in hypoxic cardiomyocytes in vivo. The levels of autophagy and apoptosis‑related proteins were evaluated using western blotting. Apoptosis was investigated by TUNEL staining and Annexin V/7‑aminoactinomycin D flow cytometry analysis. Heart tissue samples from cyanotic patients exhibited increased autophagy and apoptosis, as well as elevated Sirt1 levels, compared with the noncyanotic control samples. The data from the western blot analysis revealed that Sirt1 promoted autophagic flux and reduced apoptosis in hypoxic H9C2 cells. In addition, Sirt1 activated AMP‑activated protein kinase (AMPK), and the AMPK inhibitor Compound C abolished the effect of Sirt1 on autophagy activation. Further exploration of the mechanism revealed that Sirt1 protects hypoxic cardiomyocytes from apoptosis, at least in part, through inositol requiring kinase enzyme 1α (IRE1α). Consistent with the in vitro results, treatment with the Sirt1 activator SRT1720 activated AMPK, inhibited IRE1α, enhanced autophagy, and decreased apoptosis in the heart tissues of normoxic mice compared with the hypoxia control group. Opposite changes were observed in hypoxic mice treated with the Sirt1 inhibitor EX‑527. These results suggested that Sirt1 promoted autophagy via AMPK activation and reduced hypoxia‑induced apoptosis via the IRE1α pathway, to protect cardiomyocytes from hypoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiping Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Jian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Baicheng Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Ruiyan Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Fuqin Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Yingbin Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
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Gu C, Li T, Jiang S, Yang Z, Lv J, Yi W, Yang Y, Fang M. AMP-activated protein kinase sparks the fire of cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia and cardiac ageing. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 47:168-175. [PMID: 30110651 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a pivotal regulator of some endogenous defensive molecules in various pathological processes, particularly myocardial ischemia (MI), a high risk of myocardial infarction. Thereby it is of great significance to explore the inherent mechanism between AMPK and myocardial infarction. In this review, we first introduce the structure and role of AMPK in the heart. Next, we introduce the mechanisms of AMPK in the heart; followed by the energy regulation of AMPK in MI. Lastly, the attention will be expanded to some potential directions and further perspectives. The information compiled here will be helpful for further research and drug design in the future before AMPK might be considered as a therapeutic target of MI.
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18
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Guo BQ, Xu JB, Xiao M, Ding M, Duan LJ. Puerarin reduces ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury in diabetic rats via upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor A/angiotensin-1 and suppression of apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7421-7427. [PMID: 29568939 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Puerarin is an active ingredient of pueraria, which has been developed for puerarin injections, used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases including arrhythmia, myocardial ischemia and hypertension. However, the molecular mechanisms of puerarin on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)‑induced myocardial apoptosis in diabetic rats are not fully understood. The present study aimed to investigate whether puerarin can attenuate I/R‑induced myocardial apoptosis in diabetic rats, and to investigate the underlying mechanism. A hemodynamic analyzing system was employed to analyze the left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), the left ventricular end‑systolic interior dimension (LVIDs) and the left ventricular end diastolic interior dimension (LVIDd). ELISA kits were used to analyze malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α) and interleukin (IL)‑6 levels, NO production and caspase‑3 activity. Nuclear factor (NF)‑κB, ascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), angiotensin (Ang)‑I, phosphorylated (p)‑endothelial nitric oxide synthase protein expression was analyzed using western blot analysis. Puerarin significantly reduced the myocardial infarct area, and increased left ventricular developed pressure in diabetic rats with myocardial I/R. Oxidative stress, inflammation and nuclear factor‑κB protein expression were significantly reduced by puerarin. Furthermore, puerarin activated the protein expression levels of VEGFA and Ang‑I, and increased nitric oxide production, phosphorylated‑endothelial nitric oxide synthase protein expression and caspase‑3 activity. These results demonstrated that the myocardial protective effect of puerarin serves to reduce myocardial I/R injury, via upregulation of VEGFA/Ang‑1 and suppression of apoptosis, in diabetic rats with myocardial I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Qiang Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Shandong 252601, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Bo Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiamusi Central Hospital, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, P.R. China
| | - Ming Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Min Ding
- Department of Podiatry, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, Hebei 300070, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jun Duan
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, Hebei 300192, P.R. China
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19
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LC–MS n characterization of saponins in mate ( Ilex paraguariens, St. Hil) and their quantification by HPLC-DAD. J Food Compost Anal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Zhang NQ, Wang CZ, Wang ZZ, Li Z, Sai JY, Meng Y, Wang F, Li PY, Liu JP. Anti-myocardial ischaemic effect of pseudoginsenoside F11 by inhibiting expression of beta1-adrenoceptor in rats with coronary artery ligation. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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21
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Mu F, Duan J, Bian H, Yin Y, Zhu Y, Wei G, Guan Y, Wang Y, Guo C, Wen A, Yang Y, Xi M. Cardioprotective effects and mechanism of Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae and Lignum Dalbergiae odoriferae on rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:1759-1770. [PMID: 28656200 PMCID: PMC5562082 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae (SM) and Lignum Dalbergiae odoriferae (DO) are traditional Chinese medicinal herbs used to treat ischemic heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases; however, to the best of our knowledge, there are currently few studies regarding their effects. The present study aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of SM and DO during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury in rats, and explore the molecular mechanisms that underlie their actions. In the present study, Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with SM, the aqueous extract of DO (DOA) and the volatile oil of DO (DOO), either as a monotherapy or in combination for 7 days. Subsequently, the rats were subjected to 30 min of ischemia followed by 180 min of reperfusion. Traditional pharmacodynamic evaluation and metabonomics based on gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry were used to identify the therapeutic effects of these traditional Chinese medicines. The results revealed that SM, DOA and DOO monotherapies ameliorated cardiac function, and this effect was strengthened further when used in combined therapies. Among the combined treatments, SM + DOO exhibited the greatest potential (P<0.05) to improve electrocardiogram results and heart rate, reduce the heart weight index and myocardial infarct size, and decrease the levels of creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase. In addition, metabonomics-based findings, including the principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis score plot of the metabolic state in rat serum, provided confirmation for the aforementioned results, verifying that SM + DOO exerted synergistic therapeutic efficacies to exhibit a greater effect on rats with MI/R injury when compared with the other pretreatment groups. Furthermore, the most effective duration of SM + DOO treatment was 30 min and the least effective duration was 180 min. Treatment with SM + DOO also significantly (P<0.01) reduced the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling-positive cells, tumor necrosis factor-α andinterleukin-6 expression, and malondialdehyde content, and increased the serum and tissue activity of superoxide dismutase. These results indicated that the combined effects of SM + DOO may be more effective compared with the single pretreatments against MI/R injury in rats. This effect may be achieved partly through anti-apoptotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, SM + DOO may be considered an effective and promising novel strategy for the prophylaxis and treatment of ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jialin Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Haixu Bian
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yanrong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Guo Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yue Guan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Chao Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Aidong Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Miaomiao Xi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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22
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Mu F, Duan J, Bian H, Zhai X, Shang P, Lin R, Zhao M, Hu D, Yin Y, Wen A, Xi M. Metabonomic Strategy for the Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza and Dalbergia odorifera Interfering with Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Rejuvenation Res 2017; 20:263-277. [PMID: 28093038 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2016.1884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Dalbergia Odorifera (SM-DOO) has been traditionally used for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, information regarding the pharmacodyamic material basis and potential mechanism remain unknown. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Sham, Model, Diltiazem, and SM-DOO group, n = 6. Rats were pretreated with homologous drugs for 7 days, and then subjected to 30 minutes of ischemia followed by 180 minutes of reperfusion. Cardioprotection effects of SM-DOO on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury rats were examined by hemodynamics, infarct area, histopathology, biochemical indicators, and Western blot analysis. Metabonomics technology was further performed to evaluate the endogenous metabolites profiling systematically. According to the results of pattern recognition analysis, a clear separation of MI/R injury in the Model group and Sham group was achieved and SM-DOO pretreatment group was located much closer to the Sham group than the Model group, which was consistent with results of biochemistry and histopathological assay. Moreover, potential biomarkers were identified to elucidate the drug mechanism of SM-DOO, which may be related with pathways of energy metabolism, especially tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (citric acid) and β-oxidation of fatty acids (3-hydroxybutyric, palmitoleic acid, heptadecanoic acid, and arachidonic acid). In addition, the protein expressions of p-AMPK and p-ACC in the SM-DOO group were significantly elevated, while the levels of carnitine palmitoyl-CoA transferase-1 (CPT-1), p-PDK, and p-PDC were dramatically reduced by SM-DOO. In conclusion, SM-DOO pretreatment could ameliorate MI/R injury by intervening with energy metabolism, especially TCA cycle and β-oxidation of fatty acids. This work showed that the metabonomics method combinate with conventional pharmacological methods is a promising tool in the efficacy and mechanism research of traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, China
| | - Jialin Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, China
| | - Haixu Bian
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, China
| | - Peijin Shang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, China
| | - Meina Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, China
| | - Dongmei Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, China
| | - Aidong Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, China
| | - Miaomiao Xi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, China
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23
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Li Y, Cheng H, Yue R, Duan M, Liu M. New neolignan glycoside from the root of Aralia echinocaulis Hand. -Mazz. Nat Prod Res 2016; 31:1047-1051. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1269095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Hui Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Ren Yue
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Mengmeng Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Mingdong Liu
- The Institute of Biology, National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Chengdu, P.R. China
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