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Chen C, Wang J, Zhu X, Hu J, Liu C, Liu L. Energy metabolism and redox balance: How phytochemicals influence heart failure treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116136. [PMID: 38215694 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart Failure (HF) epitomizes a formidable global health quandary characterized by marked morbidity and mortality. It has been established that severe derangements in energy metabolism are central to the pathogenesis of HF, culminating in an inadequate cardiac energy milieu, which, in turn, precipitates cardiac pump dysfunction and systemic energy metabolic failure, thereby steering the trajectory and potential recuperation of HF. The conventional therapeutic paradigms for HF predominantly target amelioration of heart rate, and cardiac preload and afterload, proffering symptomatic palliation or decelerating the disease progression. However, the realm of therapeutics targeting the cardiac energy metabolism remains largely uncharted. This review delineates the quintessential characteristics of cardiac energy metabolism in healthy hearts, and the metabolic aberrations observed during HF, alongside the associated metabolic pathways and targets. Furthermore, we delve into the potential of phytochemicals in rectifying the redox disequilibrium and the perturbations in energy metabolism observed in HF. Through an exhaustive analysis of recent advancements, we underscore the promise of phytochemicals in modulating these pathways, thereby unfurling a novel vista on HF therapeutics. Given their potential in orchestrating cardiac energy metabolism, phytochemicals are emerging as a burgeoning frontier for HF treatment. The review accentuates the imperative for deeper exploration into how these phytochemicals specifically intervene in cardiac energy metabolism, and the subsequent translation of these findings into clinical applications, thereby broadening the horizon for HF treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Xueying Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lanchun Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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Wahyuni I, Aulifa DL, Rosdianto AM, Levita J. The pharmacology activities of Angelica keiskei Koidzumi and its efficacy and safety in humans. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24119. [PMID: 38357325 PMCID: PMC10865877 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to elevated levels of pro-oxidant factors may cause structural failings at the mitochondrial DNA level and alteration of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase). Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the capacity of endogenous non-enzymatic antioxidants (glutathione, alpha-lipoic acid, uric acid, ferritin, metallothionein, melatonin, and bilirubin) and the occurrence of pro-oxidant factors which may lead to the pathogenesis of various diseases that affects the kidneys, pancreas, central nervous system, and cardiovascular system. Therefore, the utilization of medicinal plants with antioxidant activity, e.g., Angelica keiskei Koidzumi which contains chalcones, is interesting to be explored. Chalcones exhibit direct and indirect antioxidant activity and prevent oxidative stress by decreasing ROS, RNS, and superoxide production. In this review, we discuss the pharmacology activities of A. keiskei Koidzumi and its efficacy in humans. The articles were explored on PubMed and Google Scholar databases and based on the titles and abstracts related to the topic of interest, and 55 articles were selected. Two main chalcones of this plant, 4-hydroxyderricin and xanthoangelol, have been reported for their various pharmacology activities. The efficacy of A. keiskei was confirmed in anti-obesity, hepatoprotective, anti-diabetes mellitus, and increasing plasma antioxidants in patients with metabolic syndrome. A keiskei is safe as proven by only mild or no adverse events reported, thus it is prospective to be further developed as an antioxidant nutraceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ika Wahyuni
- Master Program in Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, West Java, Indonesia
- Faculty of Health, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
| | - Diah Lia Aulifa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Aziiz Mardanarian Rosdianto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Veterinary Medicine Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Jutti Levita
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
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Baradaran Rahimi V, Rahmanian Devin P, Askari VR. Boswellia serrata inhibits LPS-induced cardiotoxicity in H9c2 cells: Investigating role of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Toxicon 2023; 229:107132. [PMID: 37086900 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction is the main reason for mortality and morbidity. Recent investigations have shown that inflammation and oxidative stress play a central role in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiac injury pathophysiology. Gum-resin extracts of Boswellia serrata have been traditionally used in folk medicine for centuries to treat various chronic inflammatory diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of B. serrata pretreatment on LPS-induced cardiac damage in H9c2 cells. The cells were pretreated with various concentrations of B. serrata (5-45 μg/ml) for 24 h and then stimulated with LPS (10 μg/ml) for another 24 h. Afterward, the levels of cell viability, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, prostaglandin (PGE)-2, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione (GSH) were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), real time-PCR or appropriated biochemical methods. Our results demonstrated that LPS treatment caused a remarkable decrease in cell viability and GSH, and on the contrary, it led to a significant increase in the levels of gene and protein expression of inflammatory markers and NO. However, pretreatment of B. serrata (5, 15, and 45 μg/ml) decreased the levels of TNF-α, PGE2, IL-1β, COX-2, iNOS, IL-6, and NO production, while cell viability and GSH levels were increased. Taken together, our results demonstrated that B. serrata might be a potential therapeutic agent against LPS and endotoxemia-induced cardiac injury, through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Pouria Rahmanian Devin
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Ajzashokouhi AH, Rezaee R, Omidkhoda N, Karimi G. Natural compounds regulate the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:741-757. [PMID: 36593695 PMCID: PMC10026916 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2161959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway is crucial in regulating cardiomyocyte growth and survival. It has been shown that activation of this pathway alleviates the negative impact of ischemia-reperfusion. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3β) induces apoptosis through stimulation of transcription factors, and its phosphorylation has been suggested as a new therapeutic target for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). GSK3β regulatory role is mediated by the reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) pathway, and its inhibition by Akt activation blocks mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening and enhances myocardial survival. The present article discusses the involvement of the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway in cardioprotective effects of natural products against MIRI.Abbreviations: Akt: protein kinase B; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATP: adenosine triphosphate; Bad: bcl2-associated agonist of cell death; Bax: bcl2-associated x protein; Bcl-2: B-cell lymphoma 2; CK-MB: Creatine kinase-MB; CRP: C-reactive-protein; cTnI: cardiac troponin I; EGCG: Epigallocatechin-3-gallate; Enos: endothelial nitric oxide synthase; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; ERK ½: extracellular signal‑regulated protein kinase ½; GSK3β: glycogen synthase kinase-3; GSRd: Ginsenoside Rd; GSH: glutathione; GSSG: glutathione disulfide; HO-1: heme oxygenase-1; HR: hypoxia/reoxygenation; HSYA: Hydroxysafflor Yellow A; ICAM-1: Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1; IKK-b: IκB kinase; IL: interleukin; IPoC: Ischemic postconditioning; IRI: ischemia-reperfusion injury; JNK: c-Jun N-terminal kinase; Keap1: kelch-like ECH-associated protein- 1; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; LVEDP: left ventricular end diastolic pressure; LVP: left ventricle pressure; LVSP: left ventricular systolic pressure; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; MDA: malondialdehyde; MIRI: myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury; MnSOD: manganese superoxide dismutase; mPTP: mitochondrial permeability transition pore; mtHKII: mitochondria-bound hexokinase II; Nrf-1: nuclear respiratory factor 1; Nrf2: nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor; NO: nitric oxide; PGC-1α: peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ coactivator‑1α; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinases; RISK: reperfusion injury salvage kinase; ROS: reactive oxygen species; RSV: Resveratrol; SOD: superoxide dismutase; TFAM: transcription factor A mitochondrial; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha; VEGF-B: vascular endothelial growth factor B.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Navid Omidkhoda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Salama RM, Abbas SS, Darwish SF, Sallam AA, Elmongy NF, El Wakeel SA. Regulation of NOX/p38 MAPK/PPARα pathways and miR-155 expression by boswellic acids reduces hepatic injury in experimentally-induced alcoholic liver disease mouse model: novel mechanistic insight. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:323-338. [PMID: 36959348 PMCID: PMC10123034 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01441-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) refers to hepatic ailments induced by excessive alcohol intake. The pathogenesis of ALD comprises a complex interplay between various mechanistic pathways, among which inflammation and oxidative stress are key players. Boswellic acids (BAs), found in Boswellia serrata, have shown hepatoprotective effects owing to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, nevertheless, their therapeutic potential against ALD has not been previously investigated. Hence, this study was performed to depict the possible protective effect of BAs and detect their underlying mechanism of action in an experimentally-induced ALD mouse model. Male BALB/c mice were equally categorized into six groups: control, BAs-treated, ALD, and ALD that received BAs at three-dose levels (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) by oral gavage for 14 days. Results showed that the high dose of BAs had the most protective impact against ALD according to histopathology examination, blood alcohol concentration (BAC), and liver function enzymes. Mechanistic investigations revealed that BAs (500 mg/kg) caused a significant decrease in cytochrome P450 2E1(CYP2E1), nicotine adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) 1/2/4, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) levels, and the expression of miR-155, yet increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) levels. This led to an improvement in lipid profile and reduced hepatic inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis indices. In summary, our study concludes that BAs can protect against ethanol-induced hepatic injury, via modulating NOX/p38 MAPK/PPARα pathways and miR-155 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania M Salama
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), KM 28, Cairo-Ismailia Road, Ahmed Orabi District, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Samah S Abbas
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), KM 28, Cairo-Ismailia Road, Ahmed Orabi District, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar F Darwish
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Al Aliaa Sallam
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noura F Elmongy
- Physiology Department, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Sara A El Wakeel
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), KM 28, Cairo-Ismailia Road, Ahmed Orabi District, Cairo, Egypt
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Chen J, Wei X, Zhang Q, Wu Y, Xia G, Xia H, Wang L, Shang H, Lin S. The traditional Chinese medicines treat chronic heart failure and their main bioactive constituents and mechanisms. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:1919-1955. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
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Feng J, Guo J, Yan J, Zhang X, Qu H, Yang T, Liu Q, Xu H, Zhou H. Luhong Formula and Hydroxysafflor yellow A protect cardiomyocytes by inhibiting autophagy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 110:154636. [PMID: 36608503 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is the terminal stage of all heart diseases that is characterized by irreversible cardiomyocyte injury. Equilibrium of autophagy is essential for cardiac cell survival. The Luhong formula (LHF) has been clinically applied for decades, and has exhibited significant efficacy in improving heart function and alleviating the symptoms of angina pectoris. PURPOSE To clarify the mechanism of action of LHF and one of its main constituents, hydroxysafflor yellow A (HYSA), in protecting ischemic cardiomyocytes by inhibiting autophagy. METHODS Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay with LHF or HYSA pretreatment followed by hypoxic damage. Immunofluorescence of GFP-LC3-H9C2 and GFP-LC3-HeLa cells was used to observe autophagic flux. Beclin 1 and HIF1α protein expression were assessed using western blotting. LHF was orally administered to Wistar rats following myocardial infarcion. Echocardiography was performed before the rats were sacrificed; immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to evaluate Beclin 1 and HIF1α expression in the myocardial tissue. Hematoxylin and eosin staining as well as Masson's trichrome staining were used to measure cardiac structure and myocardial fibrosis. RESULTS LHF and HYSA reversed the hypoxia-induced decrease in cell viability in vitro. LHF and HYSA induced the aggregation of GFP-LC3 puncta and reduced the expression of Beclin 1 protein in H9C2, suggesting that LHF and HYSA may inhibit autophagy activity. Pretreatment with reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducers and inhibitors revealed that LHF and HYSA inhibited autophagy by suppressing cellular ROS. Further studies demonstrated that LHF and HYSA reduced the ROS levels by inhibiting HIF1α. LHF delayed fibrosis and protected heart function in vivo in a rat model of HF following myocardial infarction. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealed that LHF effectively reduced the expression of Beclin 1 and HIF1α in the infarcted area of the rat heart. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that hydroxysafflor yellow A is the representative bioactive compounent of Luhong Formula on regulating autophagy to protectect cardiomyocytes from hypoxia injury. LHF and HYSA inhibit cardiac autophagy by suppressing HIF1α-mediated ROS production. This study helps to further clarify the underlying mechanism of LHF and provide a scientific basis for its development as a novel cardiovascular therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiling Feng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jiaying Guo
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jirong Yan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Huiyan Qu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hua Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Modulation of NRF-2 Pathway Contributes to the Therapeutic Effects of Boswellia serrata Gum Resin Extract in a Model of Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112129. [PMID: 36358503 PMCID: PMC9686591 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocarditis is a clinically dangerous disease that can result in death. Oxidative stress as well as inflammatory and immune responses play important roles in the development of myocarditis. Presently, more research has been carried out on anti-inflammatory treatment using natural compounds. The aim was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect of Boswellia gum resin extract in an experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) and the involvement of molecular pathways. Rats were immunized with porcine cardiac myosin to ascertain EAM. The EAM rats were treated orally with Boswellia extract or vehicle for 21 days. EAM caused macroscopic and microscopic alterations with necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, fibrosis of the heart tissues, as well as clinical biochemical changes, cytokines release, altered immune response, and oxidative stress. Oral treatment with Boswellia markedly reduced myocardial damage, decreased inflammatory infiltrate, fibrosis, biochemical markers, such as lactate dehydrogenase and the creatine kinase, and heart weight/body weight ratio. In addition, low nitric oxide and malondialdehyde levels together with the upregulation of antioxidant nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 NRF-2 pathway were observed in EAM rats treated with Boswellia. Thus, Boswellia could be considered as a new natural extract to combat heart pathologies, such as autoimmune myocarditis.
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Upadhayay S, Mehan S, Prajapati A, Sethi P, Suri M, Zawawi A, Almashjary MN, Tabrez S. Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Stimulation through Acetyl-11-Keto-Beta-Boswellic Acid (AKBA) Provides Neuroprotection in Ethidium Bromide-Induced Experimental Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081324. [PMID: 35893061 PMCID: PMC9331916 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severe immune-mediated neurological disease characterized by neuroinflammation, demyelination, and axonal degeneration in the central nervous system (CNS). This is frequently linked to motor abnormalities and cognitive impairments. The pathophysiological hallmarks of MS include inflammatory demyelination, axonal injury, white matter degeneration, and the development of CNS lesions that result in severe neuronal degeneration. Several studies suggested downregulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2)/Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling is a causative factor for MS pathogenesis. Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) is an active pentacyclictriterpenoid obtained from Boswellia serrata, possessing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study explores the protective potential of AKBA on behavioral, molecular, neurochemical, and gross pathological abnormalitiesandhistopathological alterations by H&E and LFB staining techniques in an experimental model of multiple sclerosis, emphasizing the increase inNrf2/HO-1 levels in the brain. Moreover, we also examine the effect of AKBA on the intensity of myelin basic protein (MBP) in CSF and rat brain homogenate. Specific apoptotic markers (Bcl-2, Bax, andcaspase-3) were also estimated in rat brain homogenate. Neuro behavioralabnormalities in rats were examined using an actophotometer, rotarod test, beam crossing task (BCT),and Morris water maze (MWM). AKBA 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg were given orally from day 8 to 35 to alleviate MS symptoms in the EB-injected rats. Furthermore, cellular, molecular, neurotransmitter, neuroinflammatory cytokine, and oxidative stress markers in rat whole brain homogenate, blood plasma, and cerebral spinal fluid were investigated. This study shows that AKBA upregulates the level of antioxidant proteins such as Nrf2 and HO-1 in the rat brain. AKBA restores altered neurochemical levels, potentially preventing gross pathological abnormalities during MS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Upadhayay
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab, India; (S.U.); (A.P.); (P.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab, India; (S.U.); (A.P.); (P.S.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (S.T.)
| | - Aradhana Prajapati
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab, India; (S.U.); (A.P.); (P.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Pranshul Sethi
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab, India; (S.U.); (A.P.); (P.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Manisha Suri
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab, India; (S.U.); (A.P.); (P.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Ayat Zawawi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Z.); (M.N.A.)
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed N. Almashjary
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Z.); (M.N.A.)
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Animal House Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shams Tabrez
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Z.); (M.N.A.)
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (S.T.)
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Sayed AM, Gohar OM, Abd-Alhameed EK, Hassanein EHM, Ali FEM. The importance of natural chalcones in ischemic organ damage: Comprehensive and bioinformatic analysis review. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14320. [PMID: 35857486 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, extensive research has been conducted, yielding a detailed account of thousands of newly discovered compounds of natural origin and their biological activities, all of which have the potential to be used for a wide range of therapeutic purposes. There are multiple research papers denoting the central objective of chalcones, which have been shown to have therapeutic potential against various forms of ischemia. The various aspects of chalcones are discussed in this review regarding molecular mechanisms involved in the promising anti-ischemic potential of these chalcones. The main mechanisms involved in these protective effects are Nrf2/Akt activation and NF-κB/TLR4 suppression. Furthermore, in-silico studies were carried out to discover the probable binding of these chalcones to Keap-1 (an inhibitor of Nrf2), Akt, NF-κB, and TLR4 protein molecules. Besides, network pharmacology analysis was conducted to predict the interacting partners of these signals. The obtained results indicated that Nrf2, Akt, NF-κB, and TLR4 are involved in the beneficial anti-ischemic actions of chalcones. Conclusively, the present findings show that chalcones as anti-ischemic agents have a valid rationale. The discussed studies will provide a comprehensive viewpoint on chalcones and can help to optimize their effects in different ischemia. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Ischemic organ damage is an unavoidable pathological condition with a high worldwide incidence. According to the current research progress, natural chalcones have been proved to treat and/or prevent various types of ischemic organ damage by alleviating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis by different molecular mechanisms. This article displays the comprehensive research progress and the molecular basis of ischemic organ damage pathophysiology and introduces natural chalcones' mechanism in the ischemic organ condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Osama M Gohar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Esraa K Abd-Alhameed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
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Acetyl-11-Keto- β-Boswellic Acid (AKBA) Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Cytotoxicity on H9C2 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2620710. [PMID: 35399644 PMCID: PMC8986374 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2620710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid (AKBA), the major component of Boswellia serrata, exhibits anti-inflammatory activities. This in vitro study investigated the protective effects of AKBA against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiac dysfunction. In this study, the H9C2 cardiomyocytes were pretreated with AKBA (2.5, 5, and 10 μM for 24 h), and then cotreated with LPS for another 24 h. The MTT assay, ELISA test kits, and quantitative real-time PCR analysis assessed the cell viability, levels of proinflammatory factors (IL-β, IL-6, TNF- α, and PGE2), and the gene expression of IL-β, IL-6, TNF- α, iNOS, and COX-2, respectively. The nitric oxide (NO) and thiol levels were also measured using a biochemical assay. The results indicated that LPS exposure markedly reduced cell viability and total thiol content, but increased the inflammatory cytokines, NO metabolites, and gene expression of proinflammatory mediators in H9C2 cells. AKBA pretreatment significantly altered the mentioned factors induced by LPS. Our results demonstrated that AKBA might be a promising therapeutic agent for treating sepsis-related cardiac dysfunction in the future.
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Cui J, Shi Y, Xu X, Zhao F, Zhang J, Wei B. Identifying the cardioprotective mechanism of Danyu Tongmai Granules against myocardial infarction by targeted metabolomics combined with network pharmacology. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 98:153829. [PMID: 35104768 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Danyu Tongmai Granules (DY), the commercial Chinese medicine, was well-accepted cardiovascular protective actions in clinic. However, the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of DY on cardiovascular disease still need largely to be clarified. PURPOSE Therefore, this study was designed to explore potential mechanisms of DY in myocardial infarction (MI) by integrated strategy of metabolomics and network pharmacology. METHODS Cardiomyocytes were subjected to H2O2 induced myocardial injury and rats were induced MI via isoproterenol (ISO) injection. The entire metabolic alterations in serum and heart tissues of experimental rats were profiled by UPLC-MS/MS. Based on the identified differential metabolites, the pathway analysis results were obtained and further validated using the network pharmacology approach. RESULTS We found that DY exerted significant cardioprotective effects in vitro and in vivo, and ameliorated inflammatory cell infiltration and cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by ISO. The metabolomics data suggested that DY mainly affected the amino acid metabolism (i.e., valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, arginine biosynthesis, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, glycine, serine, as well as the alanine metabolism, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, etc.). Simultaneously, DY participated in the regulation of the biosynthesis of bile acids and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. Notably, DY significantly reduced the biosynthesis of valine, leucine and isoleucine to regulating the metabolism of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) in infarcted myocardium, thus blocking the inflammation via inhibiting the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome in ISO-induced rats. The anti-inflammatory system of DY was further validated with the results of network pharmacology. CONCLUSION Our study, for the first time, confirmed that DY inhibited inflammation and further exerted significant anti-myocardial infarction effect. Additionally, our work further demonstrated that the myocardial protective effect of DY was contributed to the inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome activation by regulating BCAAs in infarcted myocardium using the comprehensive metabolomics, molecular biology and network analysis. Overall, our study gained new insights into the role of the relationship between the metabolic regulation of BCAAs and the NLRP3 inflammasome against MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yangyang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xueli Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
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Signaling pathways of inflammation in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. CARDIOLOGY PLUS 2022. [DOI: 10.1097/cp9.0000000000000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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WANG Y, DU Y, LI J, XU K. Hydroxysafflor yellow A from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) prevents cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.21221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng WANG
- General Hospital of The Yangtze River Shipping, China
| | - Yuanmin DU
- General Hospital of The Yangtze River Shipping, China
| | - Jin LI
- General Hospital of The Yangtze River Shipping, China
| | - Kang XU
- General Hospital of The Yangtze River Shipping, China
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Sun Y, Yanming G, Jinxin L, Lamei X, Fan M, Qian H, Li Y, Wang L. Hydroxysafflor Yellow A - An Important Natural Pigment for Treating Metabolic Diseases. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.2013256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guan Yanming
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Jinxin
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xue Lamei
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mingcong Fan
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Zhang Y, Yu J, Liu J, Liu H, Li J. Effects of stem cell-derived exosomes on neuronal apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via PI3K/AKT pathway-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:731-740. [PMID: 34549680 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1976794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effects of stem cell-derived exosomes (SC-Exos) on learning, memory, and neuronal apoptosis in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and to determine whether SC-Exos exert their effects via phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway-mediated mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty rats were randomly allocated to control, model, SC-Exos, and PI3K inhibitor groups. A model of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion was established using the improved Longa method. Expression of interleukin-1α (IL-1α), interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were compared in the brains and serum of each group. The expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-9, cytochrome C (CytC), PI3K, and AKT-related genes and proteins were evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. RESULTS The SC-Exos-group exhibited more novel entries, less latency for the novel arm, and fewer entries into the starting arm and other arms than the model group (p<.05). Lower expression of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1α, IL-2, and TNF-α and higher expression of IFN-γ were observed in the SC-Exos group than in the model group. TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay showed that lower neural cell apoptosis rate and expression of Bax, cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-9, CytC, PI3K, and AKT mRNA and proteins and higher expression of Bcl-2 mRNA and protein were observed in the SC-Exos group than in the model group (p<.05). CONCLUSIONS SC-Exos can significantly ameliorate brain injury caused by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. The mechanism may be a novel therapeutic target for ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongbiao Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Role of Herbal Teas in Regulating Cellular Homeostasis and Autophagy and Their Implications in Regulating Overall Health. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072162. [PMID: 34201882 PMCID: PMC8308238 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea is one of the most popular and widely consumed beverages worldwide, and possesses numerous potential health benefits. Herbal teas are well-known to contain an abundance of polyphenol antioxidants and other ingredients, thereby implicating protection and treatment against various ailments, and maintaining overall health in humans, although their mechanisms of action have not yet been fully identified. Autophagy is a conserved mechanism present in organisms that maintains basal cellular homeostasis and is essential in mediating the pathogenesis of several diseases, including cancer, type II diabetes, obesity, and Alzheimer’s disease. The increasing prevalence of these diseases, which could be attributed to the imbalance in the level of autophagy, presents a considerable challenge in the healthcare industry. Natural medicine stands as an effective, safe, and economical alternative in balancing autophagy and maintaining homeostasis. Tea is a part of the diet for many people, and it could mediate autophagy as well. Here, we aim to provide an updated overview of popular herbal teas’ health-promoting and disease healing properties and in-depth information on their relation to autophagy and its related signaling molecules. The present review sheds more light on the significance of herbal teas in regulating autophagy, thereby improving overall health.
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Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing Calcium Overload and Apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6643615. [PMID: 34093960 PMCID: PMC8163549 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6643615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI) is an urgent problem with a great impact on health globally. However, its pathological mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) has a protective effect against MI/RI. This study is aimed at further clarifying the relationship between HSYA cardioprotection and calcium overload as well as the underlying mechanisms. We verified the protective effect of HSYA on neonatal rat primary cardiomyocytes (NPCMs) and human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) from hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) injury. To explore the cardioprotective mechanism of HSYA, we employed calcium fluorescence, TUNEL assay, JC-1 staining, and western blotting. Finally, cardio-ECR and patch-clamp experiments were used to explain the regulation of L-type calcium channels (LTCC) in cardioprotection mediated by HSYA. The results showed that HSYA reduced the levels of myocardial enzymes and protected NPCMs from HR injury. HSYA also restored the contractile function of hiPSC-CMs and field potential signal abnormalities caused by HR and exerted a protective effect on cardiac function. Further, we demonstrated that HSYA protects cardiomyocytes from HR injury by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibiting apoptosis and calcium overload. Patch-clamp results revealed that MI/RI caused a sharp increase in calcium currents, which was inhibited by pretreatment with HSYA. Furthermore, we found that HSYA restored contraction amplitude, beat rate, and field potential duration of hiPSC-CMs, which were disrupted by the LTCC agonist Bay-K8644. Patch-clamp experiments also showed that HSYA inhibits Bay-K8644-induced calcium current, with an effect similar to that of the LTCC inhibitor nisoldipine. Therefore, our data suggest that HSYA targets LTCC to inhibit calcium overload and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, thereby exerting a cardioprotective effect and reducing MI/RI injury.
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Syed AM, Ram C, Murty US, Sahu BD. A review on herbal Nrf2 activators with preclinical evidence in cardiovascular diseases. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5068-5102. [PMID: 33894007 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are an ever-growing problem and are the most common cause of death worldwide. The uncontrolled production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation of ROS associated with various cell signaling pathways with oxidative cellular damage are the most common pathological conditions connected with CVDs including endothelial dysfunction, hypercontractility of vascular smooth muscle, cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. The nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a basic leucine zipper redox transcription factor, together with its negative regulator, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), which serves as a key regulator of cellular defense mechanisms to combat oxidative stress and associated diseases. Multiple lines of evidence described here support the cardiac protective property of Nrf2 in various experimental models of cardiac related disease conditions. In this review, we emphasized the molecular mechanisms of Nrf2 and described the detailed outline of current findings on the therapeutic possibilities of the Nrf2 activators specifically from herbal origin in various CVDs. Based on evidence from various preclinical experimental models, we have highlighted the activation of Nrf2 pathway as a budding therapeutic option for the prevention and treatment of CVDs, which needs further investigation and validation in the clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Mohammad Syed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Chetan Ram
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Upadhyayula Suryanarayana Murty
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Bidya Dhar Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Tavakoli R, Tabeshpour J, Asili J, Shakeri A, Sahebkar A. Cardioprotective Effects of Natural Products via the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 19:525-541. [PMID: 33155913 DOI: 10.2174/1570161119999201103191242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Due to its poor regenerative capacity, the heart is specifically vulnerable to xenobiotic- induced cardiotoxicity, myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury and other pathologies. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is considered as an essential factor in protecting cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress resulting from free radicals and reactive oxygen species. It also serves as a key regulator of antioxidant enzyme expression via the antioxidant response element, a cis-regulatory element, which is found in the promoter region of several genes encoding detoxification enzymes and cytoprotective proteins. It has been reported that a variety of natural products are capable of activating Nrf2 expression, and in this way, increase the antioxidant potential of cardiomyocytes. In the present review, we consider the cardioprotective activities of natural products and their possible therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasool Tavakoli
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jamshid Tabeshpour
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Damghan Bransh, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Javad Asili
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Shakeri
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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21
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Li F, Li J, Li S, Guo S, Li P. Modulatory Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicines on Energy Metabolism in Ischemic Heart Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:995. [PMID: 32719602 PMCID: PMC7348053 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD), a major global public health problem, is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although the very best of modern approaches have proven effective in reducing morbidity and mortality, the poor prognosis of patients with IHD remains a major clinical concern. Cardiac energy metabolism is increasingly recognized as having a role in the pathogenesis of IHD, inducing metabolic substrate alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired function of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and deprivation of cardiac energy. Factors involved in cardiac energy metabolism provide potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of IHD. Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) have a long history of use in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases with multi-component, multi-target, and multi-signaling. Increasing evidence suggests that Chinese herbal medicines may improve myocardial ischemia through modulating cardiac energy metabolism. Here, we describe the possible targets and pathways of cardiac energy metabolism for CHMs, and appraise the modulatory effects of CHMs on energy metabolism in IHD. Especially, this review focuses on summarizing the metabolic effects and the underlying mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicines (including herbs, major bioactive components, and formulas) in IHD. In addition, we also discuss the current limitations and the major challenges for research investigating the use of CHMs in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghe Li
- The 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinmao Li
- The 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Saisai Li
- The 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuwen Guo
- Fangshan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- The 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Chen W, Li T, Yu H, Ma C, Wang X, Qayum A, Hou J, Jiang Z. Structure and emulsifying properties of whey protein isolate: Effect of safflower yellow concentration. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Jiang X, Liu Y, Zhang G, Lin S, Yuan N, Wu J, Yan X, Ma Y, Ma M. Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic Acid Inhibits Precancerous Breast Lesion MCF-10AT Cells via Regulation of LINC00707/miR-206 that Reduces Estrogen Receptor-α. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2301-2314. [PMID: 32273767 PMCID: PMC7108719 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s238051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) has therapeutic effects on a range of diseases, including tumours. lncRNAs, as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), can interact with miRNAs to regulate the expression of target genes, which can affect the development of tumors. Here, we examined the effects of AKBA on breast precancerous lesions MCF-10AT cells. Methods The expression profiles of breast cancer (BC) tissue were collated from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network was constructed. AKBA targets were predicted by network pharmacology. The expression of long intergenic nonprotein-coding RNA 707 (LINC00707), miR-206 and ER-α was determined by qRT-PCR. Cell viability, apoptosis and cycle were assessed by CCK-8 and flow cytometry. Protein levels were measured by Western blotting. Results A total of 3205 differentially expressed mRNAs, 104 miRNAs, and 605 lncRNAs were identified. The ceRNA network consisting of 9 lncRNAs, 15 miRNAs and 82 mRNAs was constructed. We found that LINC00707 was up-regulated and miR-206 was down-regulated in MCF-10AT cells. Transfected si-LINC00707 could inhibit cell proliferation, induce cell apoptosis and cycle arrest of MCF-10AT cells. In addition, network pharmacology predicted that AKBA may regulate the ESR1 in the treatment of BC. Our research demonstrated that AKBA could induce cell apoptosis and G1-phase arrest and inhibit ER-α expression via LINC00707/miR-206 in MCF-10AT cells. Conclusion AKBA inhibited MCF-10AT cells via regulation of LINC00707/miR-206 that reduces ER-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Jiang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yusheng Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guijuan Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujun Lin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Naijun Yuan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieyan Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianxin Yan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Ma
- Institute of Biomedicine and Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Protective Effect of Hydroxysafflor Yellow A on Nephropathy by Attenuating Oxidative Stress and Inhibiting Apoptosis in Induced Type 2 Diabetes in Rat. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7805393. [PMID: 32256962 PMCID: PMC7091558 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7805393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus, and its prevalence has been increasing all over the world, which is also the leading cause of end-stage renal failure. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is the main active chemical component of Carthamus tinctorius L., and it is commonly used in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the renal protective effects and molecular mechanisms of HSYA on high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced DN in rats. The DN rats were treated with HSYA for eight weeks. We assessed creatinine (CR), urea nitrogen (UN), glomerular volume, podocyte number, renal inflammation, oxidative stress, and cells apoptosis markers after HSYA treatment. The number of apoptotic cells was measured by the TUNEL assay, and apoptosis-related proteins BAX, caspase-3, and BCL-2 in the renal tissue were analyzed by western blot. The treatment with HSYA significantly decreased fasting blood glucose, CR, UN, and blood lipid profile, including triglyceride and total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, even though it did not change the rats' body weights. The western blot results indicated that HSYA reversed the upregulation of BAX and caspase-3 and significantly increased BCL-2 in renal tissue. Moreover, the levels of TNF-α and the inflammatory products, including free fatty acids (FFA) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in the HSYA group, were significantly decreased. For the oxidative stress marker, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) markedly increased in the HSYA treatment group, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum and kidney tissue evidently decreased. In conclusion, HSYA treatment preserved kidney function in diabetic nephropathy in the HFD- and STZ-induced rats. The potential mechanism of renal protective effect of HSYA might be through inhibiting oxidative stress, reducing inflammatory reaction, and attenuating renal cell apoptosis. Our studies present a promising use for Hydroxysafflor yellow A in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Zhi W, Li K, Wang H, Lei M, Guo Y. Melatonin elicits protective effects on OGD/R‑insulted H9c2 cells by activating PGC‑1α/Nrf2 signaling. Int J Mol Med 2020; 45:1294-1304. [PMID: 32323734 PMCID: PMC7138270 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (Mel) elicits beneficial effects on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the underlying mechanism of Mel against oxygen-glucose deprivation/ reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced H9c2 cardiomyocyte damage remains largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the biological roles and the potential mechanisms of Mel in OGD/R-exposed H9c2 cardiomyocytes. The results of the present study demonstrated that Mel significantly elevated the viability and reduced the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase myocardial band in a doseand time-dependent manner in OGD/R-insulted H9c2 cells. In addition, Mel suppressed OGD/R-induced oxidative stress in H9c2 cells, as demonstrated by the decreased reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels, as well as the increased activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Mel exerted an antioxidant effect by activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling. Mel reduced the expression of OGD/R-enhanced pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-8 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1. Mel also abolished the OGD/R-induced increase in H9c2 apoptosis, as evidenced by mitochondrial membrane potential restoration and caspase-3 and caspase-9 inactivation, as well as the upregulation of Bcl-2 and down-regulation of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax. The Mel-induced antiapoptotic effects were dependent on PGC-1α/TNF-α signaling. Overall, the results of the present study demonstrated that Mel alleviated OGD/R-induced H9c2 cell injury via the inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation by regulating the PGC-1α/Nrf2 and PGC-1α/TNF-α signaling pathways, suggesting a promising role for Mel in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhi
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, P.R. China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, P.R. China
| | - Hongbing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, P.R. China
| | - Ming Lei
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, P.R. China
| | - Yingqiang Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, P.R. China
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Qu C, Xu DQ, Yue SJ, Shen LF, Zhou GS, Chen YY, Wang XP, Bai JQ, Liu F, Tang YP, Zhao BC, Duan JA. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of Danshen in isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial ischemic injury combined with Honghua. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 247:112284. [PMID: 31604137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Herb pair, the most fundamental and simplest form of herb compatibility, serves as the basic building block of traditional Chinese medicine formulae. The Danshen-Honghua herb pair (DH), composed of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Danshen in Chinese) and Carthami Flos (Honghua in Chinese), has remarkable clinical efficacy to cure cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. This study was designed to investigate the pharmacodynamics of DH in comparison with single herbs and pharmacokinetics of DH relative to Danshen in acute myocardial ischemic injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into control, model and drug treated groups. The acute myocardial ischemia rat model was induced by administering 85 mg/kg/d isoproterenol (ISO) subcutaneously for two consecutive days. For pharmacodynamic study, histopathological and biochemical analysis were performed to assess the anti-myocardial ischemic effects. While for pharmacokinetic study, a UPLC-MS/MS method was developed for determination of nine main active ingredients, namely danshensu, protocatechuic acid, protocatechualdehyde, caffeic acid, lithospermic acid, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B, salvianolic acid A and salvianolic acid C in rat plasma. RESULTS The histopathological and biochemical analysis revealed that DH exerted enhanced anti-myocardial ischemic effects against the ISO-induced myocardial ischemia compared with single herbs. The pharmacokinetic study indicated that DH could significantly increase the t1/2z of danshensu, Tmax, AUC0-∞ and MRT0-t of protocatechuic acid in comparison with Danshen alone in normal rats, but more importantly elevate systemic exposure level and prolong t1/2z of protocatechualdehyde, caffeic acid, Tmax of danshensu in acute myocardial ischemia rats. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated the greater effects of DH after the compatibility in ISO-induced acute myocardial ischemia rats at pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic levels and provided valuable information for clinical application of herb pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ding-Qiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China
| | - Shi-Jun Yue
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China
| | - Le-Fei Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Gui-Sheng Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yan-Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China
| | - Ji-Qing Bai
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shaanxi Buchang Pharmaceutical Limited Company, Xi'an, 710075, China
| | - Yu-Ping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Bu-Chang Zhao
- Shaanxi Buchang Pharmaceutical Limited Company, Xi'an, 710075, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Rajabian A, Sadeghnia HR, Hosseini A, Mousavi SH, Boroushaki MT. 3‐Acetyl‐11‐keto‐β‐boswellic acid attenuated oxidative glutamate toxicity in neuron‐like cell lines by apoptosis inhibition. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1778-1789. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Rajabian
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Sadeghnia
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Azar Hosseini
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Seyed Hadi Mousavi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Mohammad Taher Boroushaki
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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Roy NK, Parama D, Banik K, Bordoloi D, Devi AK, Thakur KK, Padmavathi G, Shakibaei M, Fan L, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. An Update on Pharmacological Potential of Boswellic Acids against Chronic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174101. [PMID: 31443458 PMCID: PMC6747466 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds, in recent years, have attracted significant attention for their use in the prevention and treatment of diverse chronic diseases as they are devoid of major toxicities. Boswellic acid (BA), a series of pentacyclic triterpene molecules, is isolated from the gum resin of Boswellia serrata and Boswellia carteri. It proved to be one such agent that has exhibited efficacy against various chronic diseases like arthritis, diabetes, asthma, cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s, etc. The molecular targets attributed to its wide range of biological activities include transcription factors, kinases, enzymes, receptors, growth factors, etc. The present review is an attempt to demonstrate the diverse pharmacological uses of BA, along with its underlying molecular mechanism of action against different ailments. Further, this review also discusses the roadblocks associated with the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of this promising compound and strategies to overcome those limitations for developing it as an effective drug for the clinical management of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nand Kishor Roy
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Centre for Translational and Environmental Research(DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Centre for Translational and Environmental Research(DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Centre for Translational and Environmental Research(DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Devivasha Bordoloi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Centre for Translational and Environmental Research(DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Amrita Khwairakpam Devi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Centre for Translational and Environmental Research(DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Krishan Kumar Thakur
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Centre for Translational and Environmental Research(DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Ganesan Padmavathi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Centre for Translational and Environmental Research(DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumour Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Lu Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Centre for Translational and Environmental Research(DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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Hydroxysafflor Yellow A: A Promising Therapeutic Agent for a Broad Spectrum of Diseases. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:8259280. [PMID: 30356354 PMCID: PMC6176289 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8259280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is one of the major bioactive and water-soluble compounds isolated from Carthami Flos, the flower of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). As a natural pigment with favorable medical use, HSYA has gained extensive attention due to broad and effective pharmacological activities since first isolation in 1993. In clinic, the safflor yellow injection which mainly contains about 80% HSYA was approved by the China State Food and Drug Administration and used to treat cardiac diseases such as angina pectoris. In basic pharmacology, HSYA has been proved to exhibit a broad spectrum of biological effects that include, but not limited to, cardiovascular effect, neuroprotection, liver and lung protection, antitumor activity, metabolism regulation, and endothelium cell protection. Although a great number of studies have been carried out to prove the pharmacological effects and corresponding mechanisms of HYSA, a systemic review of HYSA has not yet been seen. Here, we provide a comprehensive summarization of the pharmacological effects of HYSA. Together with special attention to mechanisms of actions, this review can serve as the basis for further researches and developments of this medicinal compound.
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30
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The Keap1/Nrf2-ARE Pathway as a Pharmacological Target for Chalcones. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071803. [PMID: 30037040 PMCID: PMC6100069 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chalcones have shown a broad spectrum of biological activities with clinical potential against various diseases. The biological activities are mainly attributed to the presence in the chalcones of the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl system, perceived as a potential Michael acceptor. Chalcones could activate the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway through a Michael addition reaction with the cysteines of Keap1, which acts as a redox sensor and negative regulator of Nrf2. This modification allows the dissociation of Nrf2 from the cytoplasmic complex with Keap1 and its nuclear translocation. At this level, Nrf2 binds to the antioxidant response element (ARE) and activates the expression of several detoxification, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory genes as well as genes involved in the clearance of damaged proteins. In this regard, the Keap1/Nrf2–ARE pathway is a new potential pharmacological target for the treatment of many chronic diseases. In this review we summarize the current progress in the study of Keap1/Nrf2–ARE pathway activation by natural and synthetic chalcones and their potential pharmacological applications. Among the pharmacological activities highlighted, anti-inflammatory activity was more evident than others, suggesting a multi-target Michael acceptor mechanism for the chalcones involving key regulators of the Nrf2 and nuclear factor- κB (NF-κB) pathways.
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31
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Xu Y, Hu M, Chen S, Chen F, Wang C, Tang Y, Du C, Wang X, Zeng H, Shen M, Chen M, Wu S, Zeng D, Wang A, Chen G, Su Y, Wang S, Wang J. Tannic acid attenuated irradiation-induced apoptosis in megakaryocytes. Exp Cell Res 2018; 370:409-416. [PMID: 30146064 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) triggers the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which shows potential roles in damaging the DNA and proteins at the nucleus, and eventually results in apoptosis and even cell death. Antioxidant agents can inhibit the generation of ROS after IR exposure. Tannic acid (TA), has an antioxidant activity involving in preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, little is known about the effects of TA on irradiation-induced apoptosis in megakaryocytes. Here, we evaluated the anti-radiation activity of TA in megakaryocytes. Our results showed that TA protected megakaryocytes from apoptosis induced by IR, attenuated IR-induced increases in the production of ROS, and inhibited the changes of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Moreover, TA down-regulated NAPDH oxidase 1 (Nox1) expression, and decreased the phosphorylated levels of JNK and p38. Furthermore, JNK inhibitor could reduce apoptosis induced by X-irradiation in M07e cells. In vivo experiments confirmed that TA could promote the platelet recovery, reduce the percentage of apoptosis CD41+ megakaryocytes in bone marrow and raise survival during 30 days in mice by total body irradiation. In conclusion, TA can protecte the megakaryocytes from apoptosis caused by IR through inhibiting Nox1 expression to reduce ROS generation and repressing JNK/p38 MAPK pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mengjia Hu
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shilei Chen
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Changhong Du
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xinmiao Wang
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mingqiang Shen
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mo Chen
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Sunan Wu
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Dongfeng Zeng
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Department of Hematology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400036, China
| | - Aiping Wang
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Guangwei Chen
- Department of Health Service, Army Health Training Base, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400036, China
| | - Yongping Su
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Song Wang
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Junping Wang
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Yu Y, Jin L, Zhuang Y, Hu Y, Cang J, Guo K. Cardioprotective effect of rosuvastatin against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction injury in rats. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:3509-3516. [PMID: 29568858 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosuvastatin, a member of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, exerts various pharmacological activities. This study evaluated the cardioprotective effect of rosuvastatin on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction injury in rats. A rat model of myocardial infarction injury was induced by isoproterenol (ISO) for 2 consecutive days, rosuvastatin was administered for 8 weeks. The levels of myocardial infarct size, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT) activities and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations were determined. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe cardiac histological changes. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 levels in heart tissues were detected with ELISA kits. The mRNA and protein levels of NOD-like receptor superfamily, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. Our results showed that treatment with rosuvastatin reduced myocardial infract area, ameliorated histopathological alterations in myocardium, and decreased activities of myocardial injury marker enzymes in ISO-induced rats. In addition, rosuvastatin remarkably restored ISO-induced elevation of lipid peroxidation and decrease of antioxidants, significantly reduced myocardial pro-inflammatory cytokines concentrations in this animal model. Furthermore, rosuvastatin significantly inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in this animal model. This study demonstrates that rosuvastatin significantly alleviates ISO-induced myocardial infarction injury. The mechanism is associated with attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation, via the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lin Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yamin Zhuang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jing Cang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Kefang Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Pan R, Zhang Y, Zheng M, Zang B, Jin M. Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Suppresses MRC-5 Cell Activation Induced by TGF-β1 by Blocking TGF-β1 Binding to TβRII. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:264. [PMID: 28553231 PMCID: PMC5425600 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is an active ingredient of Carthamus tinctorius L.. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of HSYA on transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced changes in proliferation, migration, differentiation, and extracellular matrix accumulation and degradation in human fetal lung fibroblasts (MRC-5), to explore the mechanisms whereby HSYA may alleviate pulmonary fibrosis. MRC-5 cells were incubated with various doses of HSYA and/or the TGF-β receptor type I kinase inhibitor SB431542 and then stimulated with TGF-β1. Cell proliferation was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfo-phenyl)-2H-tetrazolium inner salt assay. Cell migration was detected by wound-healing assay. Protein levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I α 1 (COL1A1), and fibronectin (FN) were measured by immunofluorescence. Protein levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2, TGF-β type II receptor (TβRII), and TGF-β type I receptor were detected by western blotting. TβRII knockdown with siRNA interfered with the inhibitory effect of HSYA on α-SMA, COL1A1, and FN expression, and TGF-β1-induced Sma and Mad protein (Smad), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway activation. The antagonistic effect of HSYA on the binding of fluorescein isothiocyanate-TGF-β1 to MRC-5 cell cytoplasmic receptors was measured by flow cytometry. HSYA significantly suppressed TGF-β1-induced cell proliferation and migration. HSYA could antagonize the binding of FITC-TGF-β1 to MRC-5 cell cytoplasmic receptors. Also HSYA inhibited TGF-β1-activated cell expression of α-SMA, COL1A1, and FN and phosphorylation level of Smad2, Smad3, and ERK by targeting TβRII in MRC-5 cells. These findings suggest that TβRII might be the target responsible for the inhibitory effects of HSYA on TGF-β1-induced pathological changes in pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyan Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijing, China
| | - Yadan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijing, China
| | - Meng Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijing, China
| | - Baoxia Zang
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijing, China
| | - Ming Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijing, China
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Min J, Wei C. Hydroxysafflor yellow A cardioprotection in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury mainly via Akt/hexokinase II independent of ERK/GSK-3β pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 87:419-426. [PMID: 28068632 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is the main active component of Carthamus tinctorius L which has been used for hundreds of years in Chinese folk medicine in the treatment cardiovascular disease. This study was designed to investigate whether HSYA exerts cardioprotection in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury heart and the mechanisms involved. The protective effect and mechanisms in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury of HSYA was evaluated by hypoxia-recover (H/R) injury cell model which induced by hypoxia and recovered with oxygen in H9c2 cells. PI3K/Akt and ERK as the reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) pathway and Hexokinase II (HKII) were both examined. In H/R cell model, HSYA significantly reduced dehydrogenase (LDH), Caspase 3 level, alleviated oxidative stress injury and apoptosis, meanwhile restored mitochondrial energy metabolism. Pretreatment with PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) or hexokinase II inhibitor (3-BrPA), the protective effect of HSYA was significantly attenuated. On the contrary, pretreatment with ERK inhibitor (PD98059), the protective effect of HSYA on myocardial cells was decreased slightly, not as significant as PI3K inhibitor or hexokinase II inhibitor. ERK play a protective role in myocardial protection by phosphorylation of GSK3-β, but the effect of HSYA on phosphorylation of GSK3-β is weakly, however the effect of HSYA on Akt and hexokinase II were significantly up-regulated. Meanwhile, the phosphorylation of GSK3-β by HSYA was significantly reduced after gave the ERK inhibitor and had no significant difference between the model group. The cardioprotection effect of HSYA appears to be mainly mediated via the PI3K/Akt/hexokinase II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Min
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Cui Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei, China.
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Forouzanfar F, Hosseinzadeh H, Ebrahimzadeh Bideskan A, Sadeghnia HR. Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts ofBoswellia serrataProtect Against Focal Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1954-1967. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | | | - Hamid R. Sadeghnia
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Neurocognitive Research Center, Faculty of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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