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Liu F, Zhao L, Wu T, Yu W, Li J, Wang W, Huang C, Diao Z, Xu Y. Targeting autophagy with natural products as a potential therapeutic approach for diabetic microangiopathy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1364616. [PMID: 38659578 PMCID: PMC11039818 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1364616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
As the quality of life improves, the incidence of diabetes mellitus and its microvascular complications (DMC) continues to increase, posing a threat to people's health and wellbeing. Given the limitations of existing treatment, there is an urgent need for novel approaches to prevent and treat DMC. Autophagy, a pivotal mechanism governing metabolic regulation in organisms, facilitates the removal of dysfunctional proteins and organelles, thereby sustaining cellular homeostasis and energy generation. Anomalous states in pancreatic β-cells, podocytes, Müller cells, cardiomyocytes, and Schwann cells in DMC are closely linked to autophagic dysregulation. Natural products have the property of being multi-targeted and can affect autophagy and hence DMC progression in terms of nutrient perception, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. This review consolidates recent advancements in understanding DMC pathogenesis via autophagy and proposes novel perspectives on treating DMC by either stimulating or inhibiting autophagy using natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhao Liu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wenfei Yu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jixin Li
- Xi yuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenru Wang
- Xi yuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chengcheng Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zhihao Diao
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yunsheng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Li X, Chen K, Shi X, Dong S, Chen Y, Wang B. Notoginsenoside R1 restrains the proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells isolated from rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Inhal Toxicol 2024; 36:145-157. [PMID: 38411938 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2024.2319708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disorder that is characterized by systemic and lung inflammation. Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) displays anti-inflammatory properties in numerous diseases. We aimed to explore the function and mechanism of NGR1 in COPD. MATERIALS AND METHODS COPD rats were established through cigarette smoke exposure, lipopolysaccharide injection, and cold stimulation. Rat airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) were separated and identified. Then, ASMCs were treated with NGR1 (25 or 50 μM) and cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Thereafter, the vitality, proliferation, and migration of ASMCs were measured. Additionally, cell cycle, inflammation-related factors, α-SMA, and PI3K/AKT pathway-related marker expressions of the ASMCs were also detected. Molecular docking experiments were conducted to explore the interaction of NGR1 to PI3K, TGF-β, p65, and AKT. Moreover, 740 Y-P (a PI3K/Akt pathway agonist) were used to validate the mechanism of NGR1 on COPD. RESULTS NGR1 inhibited the proliferation and migration, but caused cell cycle arrest for CSE-triggered ASMCs. Furthermore, NGR1 not only decreased IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α contents, but also reduced α-SMA expression in CSE-stimulated ASMCs. Moreover, NGR1restrainedTGF-β1 expression, PI3K, p65, and AKT phosphorylation in CSE-stimulated ASMCs. Molecular docking experiments showed NGR1 exhibited a strong binding ability to PI3K, TGF-β1, p65, and AKT. Notably, the effects of NGR1 on the proliferation and migration of CSE-induced ASMCs were reversed by 740 Y-P. CONCLUSIONS NGR1 can restrain the proliferation and migration of CSE-induced ASMCs, indicating that NGR1 may be a therapeutic candidate for treating COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, PR China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Respiratory Diseases, Huzhou, PR China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, PR China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Respiratory Diseases, Huzhou, PR China
| | - Xuefei Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, PR China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Respiratory Diseases, Huzhou, PR China
| | - Shunli Dong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, PR China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Respiratory Diseases, Huzhou, PR China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, PR China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Respiratory Diseases, Huzhou, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, PR China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Respiratory Diseases, Huzhou, PR China
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Yang C, Zhang Z, Liu J, Chen P, Li J, Shu H, Chu Y, Li L. Research progress on multiple cell death pathways of podocytes in diabetic kidney disease. Mol Med 2023; 29:135. [PMID: 37828444 PMCID: PMC10571269 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00732-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the main cause of end-stage renal disease, and its clinical manifestations are progressive proteinuria, decreased glomerular filtration rate, and renal failure. The injury and death of glomerular podocytes are the keys to DKD. Currently, a variety of cell death modes have been identified in podocytes, including apoptosis, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, mitotic catastrophe, etc. The signaling pathways leading to these cell death processes are interconnected and can be activated simultaneously or in parallel. They are essential for cell survival and death that determine the fate of cells. With the deepening of the research on the mechanism of cell death, more and more researchers have devoted their attention to the underlying pathologic research and the drug therapy research of DKD. In this paper, we discussed the podocyte physiologic role and DKD processes. We also provide an overview of the types and specific mechanisms involved in each type of cell death in DKD, as well as related targeted therapy methods and drugs are reviewed. In the last part we discuss the complexity and potential crosstalk between various modes of cell death, which will help improve the understanding of podocyte death and lay a foundation for new and ideal targeted therapy strategies for DKD treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Yang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
- School of First Clinical Medical College, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
| | - Jieting Liu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
| | - Peijian Chen
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
| | - Jialing Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
| | - Haiying Shu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
| | - Yanhui Chu
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China.
| | - Luxin Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China.
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Wu C, Cao L, Liu M, Zhang W, Chen H, Wang R, Liu C, He Z. Exploring the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of the drug pair Rhubarb-Coptis in diabetic nephropathy using network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1343. [PMID: 36660658 PMCID: PMC9843313 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-5550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background To use network pharmacology to explore the mechanism of the drug pair Rhubarb-Coptis in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database was used to screen active ingredients of drug pair Rhubarb-Coptis. Targets were obtained using the TCMSP and SwissTargetPrediction databases. DN disease targets were extracted from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), GeneCards, and Therapeutic Target database (TTD) databases. A "drug-compound-target" network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were constructed and analyzed through the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database and Cytoscape software. Gene Ontology (GO) functional and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed in the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Vina and PyMOL software. Results A total of 30 active components and 609 targets of Rhubarb-Coptis were screened out, and 98 common targets of DN and Rhubarb-Coptis were obtained. Quercetin, berberine, epiruberine, epautin, and moupinamide were the main active components in the treatment of DN. The STAT3, CTNNB1, PIK3R1, PIK3CA, and TP53 genes were identified as the potential 5 key targets. The GO enrichment analysis showed that these 5 key targets mainly involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the pathways were mainly enriched in the AGE-RAGE and HIF-1 signaling pathways. Molecular docking revealed that the 5 key targets could combine well with their corresponding active compounds. Conclusions This study expounds the therapeutic effect of Rhubarb-Coptis on DN from a holistic perspective, and provides a valuable basis for clinical application and academic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunwei Wu
- Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Hailong Chen
- Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Ruolin Wang
- Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Ze He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Liu T, Jin Q, Ren F, Yang L, Mao H, Ma F, Wang Y, Li P, Zhan Y. Potential therapeutic effects of natural compounds targeting autophagy to alleviate podocyte injury in glomerular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113670. [PMID: 36116248 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury is a common cause of proteinuric kidney diseases. Uncontrollable progressive podocyte loss accelerates glomerulosclerosis and increases the risk of end-stage renal disease. To date, owing to the complex pathological mechanism, effective therapies for podocyte injury have been limited. Accumulating evidence supports the indispensable role of autophagy in the maintenance of podocyte homeostasis. A variety of natural compounds and their derivatives have been found to regulate autophagy through multiple targets, including promotes nuclear transfer of transcription factor EB and lysosomal repair. Here, we reviewed the recent studies on the use of natural compounds and their derivatives as autophagy regulators and discussed their potential applications in ameliorating podocyte injury. Several known natural compounds with autophagy-regulatory properties, such as quercetin, silibinin, kaempferol, and artemisinin, and their medical uses were also discussed. This review will help in improving the understanding of the podocyte protective mechanism of natural compounds and promote their development for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Jin
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feihong Ren
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Mao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyang Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongli Zhan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Zhang Q, Hu Y, Hu JE, Zhang M. Solasonine alleviates high glucose-induced podocyte injury through increasing Nrf2-medicated inhibition of NLRP3 activation. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1697-1706. [PMID: 36048966 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The worldwide high prevalence of diabetic nephropathy is one of the common causes of renal failure in diabetic patients. Hyperglycemia-caused podocyte injury is considered as a major contributor to diabetic kidney disease, accompanied by a chronic inflammatory condition. Pyroptosis, a characterized inflammatory form of programmed cell death, is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Solasonine (SS) is a natural alkaloid and received attention as a potential anticancer agent. However, its protective effect against hyperglycemia-caused podocyte injury remains to be determined. Our study found that SS alleviates cell apoptosis, and reduces pyroptosis and oxidative damage in high glucose (HG)-treated MPC5 podocytes. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, and caspase-1 activity were markedly suppressed by SS in HG-treated MPC5 podocytes. SS also reduced HG-induced oxidative damage in MPC5 podocytes. Nrf2 expression was activated by SS in vitro under a HG condition. In addition, Nrf2 silencing attenuated the protective effect of SS against apoptosis, pro-inflammatory cytokines release, caspase-1 activity, and oxidative damage in MPC5 podocytes under a HG condition. Taken together, our findings revealed for the first time that SS alleviated high glucose-induced podocyte apoptosis, pyroptosis, and oxidative damage via regulating the Nrf2/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Our results indicate that SS has the potential as a therapeutic agent for podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yichuan Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jin-E Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, China
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Ning C, Jiao Y, Wang J, Li W, Zhou J, Lee YC, Ma DL, Leung CH, Zhu R, David Wang HM. Recent advances in the managements of type 2 diabetes mellitus and natural hypoglycemic substances. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jin D, Liu F, Yu M, Zhao Y, Yan G, Xue J, Sun Y, Zhao D, Li X, Qi W, Wang X. Jiedu Tongluo Baoshen formula enhances podocyte autophagy and reduces proteinuria in diabetic kidney disease by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115246. [PMID: 35398500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been applied to diabetic kidney disease (DKD). A large number of animal trials each year focus on TCM for DKD, but the evidence for these preclinical studies is not clear. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to study the therapeutic effect of Jiedu Tongluo Baoshen formula (JTBF) on DKD proteinuria and renal protection. At the same time, it is verified that JTBF can reduce podocyte injury by enhancing autophagy function, and then achieve the effect of proteinuria. MATERIALS AND METHODS We use high performance liquid chromatography to detect and analyze the fingerprint of JTBF to find the chemical composition. Subsequently, we constructed a DKD rat model induced by high-fat diet and streptozocin (HFD + STZ). Urine and blood biochemical automatic analyzer were used to detect 24-h urine protein quantification (24 h-UP) and renal function. The renal pathological changes were observed by H&E and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the levels of autophagy-related proteins and mRNA in podocytes were detected by immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR and Western Blot. The chemical composition of JTBF was screened from traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacol (TCMSP) and PubChem databases, and the potential targets and associated pathways of JTBF were predicted using kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis in network pharmacology, and confirmed in animal experiments and histopathological methods. RESULTS We discovered 77 active ingredients of JTBF. Through animal experiments, it was found that JTBF reduced 24 h-UP and promoted the expression of podocin, nephrin, and WT-1 in podocytes, thereby reducing podocyte damage. At the same time, JTBF activates the expression of podocyte autophagy-related proteins (beclin-1, LC3 and P62). Subsequently, through network pharmacology predictions, 208 compounds were obtained from JTBF, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) was a potential signal pathway. JTBF was obtained in DKD rat kidney tissue to inhibit the expression of PI3K, Akt and mTOR related proteins. CONCLUSIONS JTBF enhance podocyte autophagy to reduce podocyte damage, thereby effectively treating DKD proteinuria and protecting kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Jin
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jinlin, China
| | - Feng Liu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jinlin, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Endocrinology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yunyun Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jinlin, China
| | - Guanchi Yan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jinlin, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xue
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jinlin, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- Endocrinology Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Xiangyan Li
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Wenxiu Qi
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China.
| | - Xiuge Wang
- Endocrinology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Lei W, Yan Y, Ma Y, Jiang M, Zhang B, Zhang H, Li Y. Notoginsenoside R1 Regulates Ischemic Myocardial Lipid Metabolism by Activating the AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:905092. [PMID: 35814216 PMCID: PMC9257227 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.905092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart diseases are responsible for more than one-third of all deaths worldwide. Radix notoginseng is widely used to treat ischemic heart disease in China and other Asian countries, and notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) is its characteristic and large-amount ingredient. However, the potential molecular mechanisms of NGR1 in improving ischemic heart diseases are unclear. In this study, we combined pharmacological evaluation with network pharmacology, myocardial proteomics, and conventional molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to explore the cardio-protection mechanisms of NGR1. Our results revealed that NGR1 improved the echocardiographic, tissue pathological, and serum biochemical perturbations in myocardial ischemic rats. The network pharmacology studies indicated that NGR1 mainly regulated smooth muscle cell proliferation, vasculature development, and lipid metabolism signaling, especially in the PI3K/AKT pathway. Myocardial proteomics revealed that the function of NGR1 was focused on regulating metabolic and energy supply processes. The research combined reverse-docked targets with differential proteins and demonstrated that NGR1 modulated lipid metabolism in ischemic myocardia by interacting with mTOR and AKT. Conventional MD simulation was applied to investigate the influence of NGR1 on the structural stabilization of the mTOR and AKT complex. The results suggested that NGR1 can strengthen the affinity stabilization of mTOR and AKT. Our study first revealed that NGR1 enhanced the affinity stabilization of mTOR and AKT, thus promoting the activation of the AKT/mTOR pathway and improving lipid metabolic abnormity in myocardial ischemic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lei
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiqi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaolei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Boli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Yuhong Li,
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Wang M, Liu H, Xu L, Li M, Zhao M. The Protective Effect of Notoginsenoside R1 on Isoflurane-Induced Neurological Impairment in the Rats via Regulating miR-29a Expression and Neuroinflammation. Neuroimmunomodulation 2022; 29:70-76. [PMID: 34515180 DOI: 10.1159/000518215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Isoflurane inhalation leads to apoptotic neurodegeneration and further results in learning and cognitive dysfunction. Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), a major ingredient from Radix notoginseng, has been reported to exert neuroprotective effect during brain or neuron injury. This study aimed to investigate the effect of NGR1 on neurological impairment. METHODS Sixty-four male Sprague Dawley rat pups (15-20 g) of postnatal day 7 were recruited. Spatial learning and memory were assessed by the Morris water maze test, and the neurological severity score was determined. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression levels of microRNA (miR)-29a. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to estimate the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the hippocampal tissues. RESULTS NGR1 attenuated neurological impairment induced by isoflurane, shown by the decrease in neurological function score and escape latency and the increase in staying time in the original quadrant in rats. NGR1 reversed the downregulation of miR-29a expression induced by isoflurane treatment. After the treatment of NGR1, the elevated levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β induced by isoflurane were all decreased significantly in the hippocampal tissues of rats. Additionally, the repressive action of NGR1 in neurological impairment and neuroinflammation was eliminated by downregulating miR-29a in rats. CONCLUSION NGR1 protects against isoflurane-induced neurological impairment. The protective effect of NGR1 might be achieved by promoting the expression of miR-29a and preventing inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Lufeng Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China
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HOU D, SHANG S, LV J, WANG S. Tripterygium glycoside ameliorates kidney injury in diabetic rats by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.124721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Tang K, Su W, Huang C, Wu Y, Wu X, Lu H. Notoginsenoside R1 suppresses inflammatory response and the pyroptosis of nucleus pulposus cells via inactivating NF-κB/NLRP3 pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:107866. [PMID: 34588155 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the main cause of low back pain. Notoginsenoside R1 (NR1) is widely applied in the treatment of bone disorders, including IVDD. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of NR1 on the development of IVDD and the potential mechanisms. AF puncture was performed to establish IVDD rat model. Histology changes were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. mRNA expressions were determined using qRT-PCR. Protein expressions were detected with western blot. Cellular functions were detected by MTT, EdU, flow cytometry, and TUNEL assays. The results showed that NR1 suppressed AF puncture induced IVDD, restored intervertebral disc (IVD) function, and suppressed mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia. Moreover, NR1 promoted the release of extracellular matrix (ECM) in vivo and in vitro, and decreased the mRNA expressions of proinflammation cytokines. Additionally, NR1 inactivated NF-κB/NLRP3 pathways, improved cellular functions of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), and suppressed cell pyroptosis, which was reversed by NLRP3 activation. Taken together, NR1 may protect against IVDD via suppressing NF-κB/NLRP3 pathways. This may provide a novel therapy for IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Tang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian Province 364000, China
| | - Wanhan Su
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian Province 364000, China
| | - Chunhui Huang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian Province 364000, China
| | - Yiqi Wu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian Province 364000, China
| | - Xiuming Wu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian Province 364000, China
| | - Haichuan Lu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian Province 364000, China.
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13
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Ou Y, Zhang W, Chen S, Deng H. Baicalin improves podocyte injury in rats with diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:1286-1298. [PMID: 34541327 PMCID: PMC8415539 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of baicalin on diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats and podocytes and its mechanism. Methods The rat models with DN were established by high-fat and high-sugar diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The fasting blood glucose (FBG) and weight of rats in each group were measured at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. Their biochemical indicators, expression of inflammatory, and antioxidant factors were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer together with ELISA. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and periodic acid-schiff staining were used to observe the morphological changes in the kidneys of rats in each group. Finally, the expressions of related molecules and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway proteins in renal tissues and podocytes were examined by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Results Compared with the DN group, the FBG and weight, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, microalbumin, and albumin/creatinine ratio were all significantly decreased in the Baicalin treatment groups in a concentration-dependent manner. The levels of inflammatory factors in kidney tissue and podocytes were decreased. In addition, the activities of lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde in tissue were decreased, while the superoxide dismutase was increased. The pathological sections showed that glomerular atrophy and glomerular basement membrane thickening caused by hyperglycemia were improved in the Baicalin treatment groups. Meanwhile, baicalin inhibited the downregulation of Nephrin and Podocin expressions and upregulation of Desmin expression caused by DN, and inhibited the expressions of p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-mTOR proteins. Conclusion Baicalin slows down podocyte injury caused by DN by inhibiting the activity of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Fuyong People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518103, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Shaopeng Chen
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518061, China
| | - Haihua Deng
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Fuyong People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518103, China
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14
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Notoginsenoside R1 alleviates TEGDMA-induced mitochondrial apoptosis in preodontoblasts through activation of Akt/Nrf2 pathway-dependent mitophagy. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 417:115482. [PMID: 33689844 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Incomplete polymerization or biodegradation of dental resin materials results in the release of resin monomers such as triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), causing severe injury of dental pulp cells. To date, there has been no efficient treatment option for this complication, in part due to the lack of understanding of the mechanism underlying these phenomena. Here, for the first time, we found that notoginsenoside R1 (NR1), a bioactive ingredient extracted from Panax notoginseng, exerted an obvious protective effect on TEGDMA-induced mitochondrial apoptosis in the preodontoblast mDPC6T cell line. In terms of the mechanism of action, NR1 enhanced the level of phosphorylated Akt (protein kinase B), resulting in the activation of a transcriptional factor, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and eventually upregulating cellular ability to resist TEGDMA-related toxicity. Inhibiting the Akt/Nrf2 pathway by pharmaceutical inhibitors significantly decreased NR1-mediated cellular antioxidant properties and aggravated mitochondrial oxidative damage in TEGDMA-treated cells. Interestingly, NR1 also promoted mitophagy, which was identified as the potential downstream of the Akt/Nrf2 pathway. Blocking the Akt/Nrf2 pathway inhibited mitophagy and abolished the protection of NR1 on cells exposed to TEGDMA. In conclusion, these findings reveal that the activation of Akt/Nrf2 pathway-mediated mitophagy by NR1 might be a promising approach for preventing resin monomer-induced dental pulp injury.
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15
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Tian R, Wang P, Huang L, Li C, Lu Z, Lu Z, Wu A, Bao K, Mao W, Huang Q, Xu P. Sanqi Oral Solution Ameliorates Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Reducing Apoptosis and Enhancing Autophagy: Involvement of ERK/mTOR Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:537147. [PMID: 33041791 PMCID: PMC7525120 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.537147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant health problem with high morbidity and mortality, yet prophylaxis strategies and effective drugs are limited. Sanqi oral solution (SQ) is a formulated medicine widely used in clinical settings to treat various renal diseases via enriching qi and activating blood circulation while its role on I/R-AKI remains unclear. Herein, by establishing rat I/R-AKI models, we intended to investigate the effect of SQ on the prevention of I/R-AKI and explore its underlying mechanisms. We demonstrated that SQ treatment significantly attenuated renal dysfunction of I/R-AKI, alleviated histological damages, inhibited renal apoptosis, and enhanced autophagy. Further investigation proved that SQ could significantly inhibit the activation of ERK and mTOR signaling pathways. Moreover, its renoprotective effect can be abolished by autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). Collectively, our results suggest that SQ exerts renoprotective effects on renal I/R injury via reducing apoptosis and enhancing autophagy, which are associated with regulating ERK/mTOR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinchao Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhisheng Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aijun Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingming Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Wang Q, Li R, Xiao Z, Hou C. Lycopene attenuates high glucose-mediated apoptosis in MPC5 podocytes by promoting autophagy via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:2870-2878. [PMID: 32765784 PMCID: PMC7401945 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury serves an important role during the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN), and lycopene (Lyc) may display a potential protective effect against DN progression. The effects of Lyc on high glucose (HG)-induced podocyte apoptosis and the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood; therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of Lyc on HG-induced MPC5 podocyte apoptosis and the underlying mechanism. In the present study, MPC5 podocytes were exposed to HG and different doses of Lyc. MPC5 podocyte viability and apoptosis were assessed by performing the MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. To explore the effects of Lyc on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and autophagy, LY294002 (LY) and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) were used as PI3K and autophagy inhibitors, respectively. The expression levels of nephrin, podocin, apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3), autophagy-related proteins [Beclin-1 and microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)II/LC3I] and certain key proteins involved in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were measured via western blotting. The results suggested that Lyc reversed the inhibitory effect of HG on cell viability, and the protein expression levels of nephrin and podocin, as well as the promoting effect of HG on MPC5 podocyte apoptosis. In addition, under HG conditions, Lyc upregulated the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT, and reduced HG- and LY-mediated MPC5 podocyte apoptosis. Moreover, Lyc further increased HG-induced protein expression levels of Beclin-1 and LC3II/LC3I, and attenuated LY-mediated inhibition of HG-induced MPC5 podocyte autophagy. In addition, the effects of Lyc on HG-mediated MPC5 podocyte apoptosis were alleviated by 3-MA. Therefore, the present study suggested that Lyc may protect against HG-induced MPC5 podocyte apoptosis by promoting autophagy activity via activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 255610, P.R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Nephrology, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 255610, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 255610, P.R. China
| | - Cun Hou
- Department of Nephrology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272011, P.R. China
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17
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Nie X, Zhao J, Ling H, Deng Y, Li X, He Y. Exploring microRNAs in diabetic chronic cutaneous ulcers: Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:4077-4095. [PMID: 32449793 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic chronic cutaneous ulcers (DCU) are one of the serious complications of diabetes mellitus, occurring mainly in diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy. Recent studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) and their target genes are essential regulators of cell physiology and pathology including biological processes that are involved in the regulation of diabetes and diabetes-related microvascular complications. in vivo and in vitro models have revealed that the expression of some miRNAs can be regulated in the inflammatory response, cell proliferation, and wound remodelling of DCU. Nevertheless, the potential application of miRNAs to clinical use is still limited. Here, we provide a contemporary overview of the miRNAs as well as their associated target genes and pathways (including Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, TGF-β/Smad, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR) related to DCU healing. We also summarize the current development of drugs for DCU treatment and discuss the therapeutic challenges of DCU treatment and its future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqiang Nie
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiufeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hua Ling
- School of Pharmacy, Georgia Campus - Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Suwanee, GA, USA
| | - Youcai Deng
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuqi He
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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18
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Martinez-Arroyo O, Ortega A, Perez-Hernandez J, Chaves FJ, Redon J, Cortes R. The Rab-Rabphilin system in injured human podocytes stressed by glucose overload and angiotensin II. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 319:F178-F191. [PMID: 32567349 PMCID: PMC7473899 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00077.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney injury in hypertension and diabetes entails, among in other structures, damage in a key cell of the glomerular filtration barrier, the podocyte. Podocytes are polarized and highly differentiated cells in which vesicular transport, partly driven by Rab GTPases, is a relevant process. The aim of the present study was to analyze Rab GTPases of the Rab-Rabphilin system in human immortalized podocytes and the impact of high glucose and angiotensin II. Furthermore, alterations of the system in urine cell pellets from patients with hypertension and diabetes were studied. Apoptosis was analyzed in podocytes, and mRNA level quantification, Western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence were developed to quantify podocyte-specific molecules and Rab-Rabphilin components (Rab3A, Rab27A, and Rabphilin3A). Quantitative RT-PCR was performed on urinary cell pellet from patients. The results showed that differentiated cells had reduced protein levels of the Rab-rabphillin system compared with undifferentiated cells. After glucose overload and angiotensin II treatment, apoptosis was increased and podocyte-specific proteins were reduced. Rab3A and Rab27A protein levels were increased under glucose overload, and Rabphilin3A decreased. Furthermore, this system exhibited higher levels under stress conditions in a manner of angiotensin II dose and time treatment. Immunofluorescence imaging indicated different expression patterns of podocyte markers and Rab27A under treatments. Finally, Rab3A and Rab27A were increased in patient urine pellets and showed a direct relationship with albuminuria. Collectively, these results suggest that the Rab-Rabphilin system could be involved in the alterations observed in injured podocytes and that a mechanism may be activated to reduce damage through the vesicular transport enhancement directed by this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Martinez-Arroyo
- Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk Research Group, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Ortega
- Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk Research Group, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Perez-Hernandez
- Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk Research Group, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Felipe J Chaves
- Genomics and Diabetes Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Health Carlos III, Minister of Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Redon
- Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk Research Group, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Internal Medicine Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain.,CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Minister of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Cortes
- Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk Research Group, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
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19
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Liu H, Yang J, Yang W, Hu S, Wu Y, Zhao B, Hu H, Du S. Focus on Notoginsenoside R1 in Metabolism and Prevention Against Human Diseases. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:551-565. [PMID: 32103897 PMCID: PMC7012233 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s240511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Notoginsenoside (NG)-R1 is one of the main bioactive compounds from Panax notoginseng (PN) root, which is well known in the prescription for mediating the micro-circulatory hemostasis in human. In this article, we mainly discuss NG-R1 in metabolism and the biological activities, including cardiovascular protection, neuro-protection, anti-diabetes, liver protection, gastrointestinal protection, lung protection, bone metabolism regulation, renal protection, and anti-cancer. The metabolites produced by deglycosylation of NG-R1 exhibit higher permeability and bioavailability. It has been extensively verified that NG-R1 may ameliorate ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced injury in cardiovascular and neuronal systems mainly by upregulating the activity of estrogen receptor α-dependent phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathways and downregulating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. However, no specific targets for NG-R1 have been identified. Expectedly, NG-R1 has been used as a main bioactive compound in many Traditional Chinese Medicines clinically, such as Xuesaitong, Naodesheng, XueShuanTong, ShenMai, and QSYQ. These suggest that NG-R1 exhibits a significant potency in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiong Yang
- Department of Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanqing Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaonan Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouying Du
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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20
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Kaushal GP, Chandrashekar K, Juncos LA, Shah SV. Autophagy Function and Regulation in Kidney Disease. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010100. [PMID: 31936109 PMCID: PMC7022273 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a dynamic process by which intracellular damaged macromolecules and organelles are degraded and recycled for the synthesis of new cellular components. Basal autophagy in the kidney acts as a quality control system and is vital for cellular metabolic and organelle homeostasis. Under pathological conditions, autophagy facilitates cellular adaptation; however, activation of autophagy in response to renal injury may be insufficient to provide protection, especially under dysregulated conditions. Kidney-specific deletion of Atg genes in mice has consistently demonstrated worsened acute kidney injury (AKI) outcomes supporting the notion of a pro-survival role of autophagy. Recent studies have also begun to unfold the role of autophagy in progressive renal disease and subsequent fibrosis. Autophagy also influences tubular cell death in renal injury. In this review, we reported the current understanding of autophagy regulation and its role in the pathogenesis of renal injury. In particular, the classic mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent signaling pathway and other mTOR-independent alternative signaling pathways of autophagy regulation were described. Finally, we summarized the impact of autophagy activation on different forms of cell death, including apoptosis and regulated necrosis, associated with the pathophysiology of renal injury. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of autophagy would identify important targets for therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gur P. Kaushal
- Renal Section, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System Little Rock, Arkansas and Division of Nephrology, 4300 W 7th St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (L.A.J.); (S.V.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-501-257-5834; Fax: +1-501-257-5827
| | - Kiran Chandrashekar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Luis A. Juncos
- Renal Section, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System Little Rock, Arkansas and Division of Nephrology, 4300 W 7th St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (L.A.J.); (S.V.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Sudhir V. Shah
- Renal Section, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System Little Rock, Arkansas and Division of Nephrology, 4300 W 7th St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (L.A.J.); (S.V.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
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21
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Method and its Composition for encapsulation, stabilization, and delivery of siRNA in Anionic polymeric nanoplex: An In vitro- In vivo Assessment. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16047. [PMID: 31690769 PMCID: PMC6831632 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) are synthetic RNA duplex designed to specifically knockdown the abnormal gene to treat a disease at cellular and molecular levels. In spite of their high potency, specificity, and therapeutic potential, the full-fledged utility of siRNA is predominantly limited to in vitro set-up. Till date, Onpattro is the only USFDA approved siRNA therapeutics available in the clinic. The lack of a reliable in vivo siRNA delivery carrier remains a foremost obstacle towards the clinical translation of siRNA therapeutics. To address the obstacles associated with siRNA delivery, we tested a dendrimer-templated polymeric approach involving a USFDA approved carrier (albumin) for in vitro as well as in vivo delivery of siRNA. The developed approach is simple in application, enhances the serum stability, avoids in vivo RNase-degradation and mediates cytosolic delivery of siRNA following the endosomal escape process. The successful in vitro and in vivo delivery of siRNA, as well as targeted gene knockdown potential, was demonstrated by HDAC4 inhibition in vitro diabetic nephropathy (DN) podocyte model as well as in vivo DN C57BL/6 mice model. The developed approach has been tested using HDAC4 siRNA as a model therapeutics, while the application can also be extended to other gene therapeutics including micro RNA (miRNA), plasmids oligonucleotides, etc.
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22
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Wang W, Hao Y, Li F. Notoginsenoside R1 alleviates high glucose-evoked damage in RSC96 cells through down-regulation of miR-503. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:3947-3954. [PMID: 31581849 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1671434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Hao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
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Sun Y, Liu B, Zheng X, Wang D. Notoginsenoside R1 alleviates lipopolysaccharide-triggered PC-12 inflammatory damage via elevating microRNA-132. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:1808-1814. [PMID: 31062615 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1610414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delayed inflammatory response is closely associated with the severity of Spinal cord injury (SCI). Herein, the function and molecular mechanism of notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) in the in vitro model of SCI inflammation injury were explored. METHODS PC-12 neuronal cells were subjected with LPS to construct a cell-based model of SCI inflammatory injury. NGR1 was applied in this cell model. miR-132 was silenced by transfection with miR-132 inhibitor. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed, respectively. Then, the expression changes of pro-inflammatory cytokines and JNK pathway were examined. RESULTS In this model, LPS was neurotoxic, with inhibiting PC-12 cell viability, inducing apoptosis, and enhancing concentrations of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α. However, NGR1 weakened the influence of LPS on PC-12 cells via elevating cell viability, decreasing apoptosis, decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, and suppressing activation of JNK signalling pathway. miR-132 was up-regulated by NGR1 treatment. Silence of miR-132 eliminated the influence of NGR1 on LPS-stimulated PC-12 cells. CONCLUSION NGR1 relieved PC-12 cells from LPS-triggered inflammatory damage via elevating miR-132 and hereafter suppressing JNK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanliang Sun
- a Department of Spine Surgery , The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Bing Liu
- b Department of Critical Care Medicine , The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Xiujun Zheng
- a Department of Spine Surgery , The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Dechun Wang
- c Department of Spine Surgery , Qingdao Municipal Hospital , Qingdao , China
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Wu T, Kwaku OR, Li HZ, Yang CR, Ge LJ, Xu M. Sense Ginsenosides From Ginsengs: Structure-Activity Relationship in Autophagy. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19858223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The term ginseng refers to the dried roots of several plants belonging to the genus Panax of the Araliaceae family. The 3 major commercial ginsengs are Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen (Notoginseng), P. ginseng C.A. Meyer (Ginseng), and P. quinquefolius L. (American ginseng), which have been used as herbal medicines. Over 18,000 papers on ginsengs have been published on the basis of their structural diversity and biological activities. Many reviews have summarized the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical use of ginsengs, but the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of ginsenosides from ginsengs in autophagy is unavailable. Herein, we review the structural diversity of ginsenosides, especially the ones in notoginseng, and the SAR in autophagic activity is discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, P.R. China
| | - Osafo Raymond Kwaku
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Zhou Li
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, P.R. China
| | - Chong-Ren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources of West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.R. China
| | - Long-Jiao Ge
- Translational Lab of Primate Brain Research, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.R. China
| | - Min Xu
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, P.R. China
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Notoginsenoside R1 protects human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory damage by up-regulation of miR-26a. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 308:364-371. [PMID: 31158334 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) is the main saponin isolated from the roots of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen (Araliaceae). This study explored the protective effects of NGR1 on human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell inflammatory damage caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as possible internal molecular mechanisms. METHODS Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed using CCK-8 assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection kit, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was tested using DCFH-DA staining. qRT-PCR was used to measure microRNA-26a (miR-26a), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) expressions. miRNA transfection was conducted to knock down miR-26a. The protein expression levels of key molecules related to cell apoptosis, inflammatory response and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway were detected using western blotting. RESULTS LPS stimulation caused human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell viability reduction, apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines expression. NGR1 treatment protected human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells from LPS-caused viability reduction, ROS level elevation, apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines expression. Mechanistically, NGR1 enhanced miR-26a expression in LPS-treated human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Knockdown of miR-26a reversed the protective effect of NGR1 on LPS-treated cells. Besides, NGR1 inactivated NF-κB pathway in LPS-treated human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells via up-regulating miR-26a. CONCLUSION NGR1 protected human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells from LPS-caused inflammatory damage at least partially via up-regulating miR-26a and then inactivating NF-κB pathway.
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FBW7 Regulates the Autophagy Signal in Mesangial Cells Induced by High Glucose. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6061594. [PMID: 31119177 PMCID: PMC6500712 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6061594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Aims Abnormal regulation of autophagy participates in the development of diabetic nephropathy. mTOR is the most common negative regulator of the autophagy signaling pathway. FBW7 constitutes the SCF (Skp1-Cullin1-F-box protein) recognition subunit of E3 ubiquitin ligase, and mTOR is a substrate of FBW7 that can be modified by ubiquitination and be degraded via proteasomes. In this study, we explored the relationship between FBW7 and autophagy and examined the effects of FBW7 on the occurrence of diabetic nephropathy in vitro. Materials and Methods We cultured mesangial cells induced by high glucose in vitro and used rapamycin as a specific mTOR inhibitor, performed FBW7 gene overexpression, and detected the expression of autophagy signal and inflammatory factors by WB, ELISA, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence. Results High glucose can downregulate the expression of FBW7 and activate mTOR signal, which leads to diminished autophagy in renal mesangial cells, as well as renal inflammatory cytokines and fibrotic factors. RAPA, as a specifically inhibitor of mTOR, can decrease inflammatory cytokines and fibrotic factors by inhibiting mTOR. Moreover, FBW7 gene overexpression can increase autophagy by inhibiting mTOR signal; at the same time, the inflammatory cytokines and fibrotic factors were decreased in mesangial cells. Conclusions FBW7 was decreased in renal mesangial cells induced by high glucose, and FBW7 gene overexpression can increase autophagy by inhibiting mTOR signaling and ameliorate inflammation and fibrosis.
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Ha TS, Ha DS. Ginseng Total Saponin Attenuates Podocyte Apoptosis Induced by Diabetic Conditions Through the Recovery of CD2-Associated Protein. J Med Food 2019; 22:170-177. [PMID: 30601089 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.4139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CD2-associated protein (CD2AP), an adaptor protein, plays several important roles in podocyte function, linking slit diaphragms to actin-based cytoskeleton and sending survival signals. Here, we investigated whether ginseng total saponin (GTS) had a protective role in the changes of podocyte CD2AP protein and podocyte apoptosis under in vitro diabetic conditions. Conditionally immortalized mouse podocytes cultured with normal glucose (5 mM) or high glucose (30 mM) and with or without advanced glycosylation end products were treated with GTS. We found that CD2AP co-localized with the F-actin fibers in podocyte cytoplasm using confocal imaging; however, diabetic conditions caused the podocytes to diminish and conglomerate CD2AP stainings in the peripheral cytoplasm, which were recovered by GTS. Diabetic conditions also suppressed CD2AP protein levels at 6 and 24 h in western blotting. These phenotypical changes of CD2AP protein were mitigated by GTS. Diabetic conditions also induced podocyte apoptosis at 24 h, which were attenuated by GTS. These findings provide a novel mechanism that diabetic conditions induce quantitative and qualitative changes of podocyte CD2AP protein and apoptosis, which would be restored by GTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Sun Ha
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.,2 Department of Pediatrics, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Dong-Soo Ha
- 3 Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
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Liu J, Jiang C, Ma X, Feng L, Wang J. Notoginsenoside Fc Accelerates Reendothelialization following Vascular Injury in Diabetic Rats by Promoting Endothelial Cell Autophagy. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:9696521. [PMID: 31565658 PMCID: PMC6745117 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9696521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Interventional therapies, such as percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and endovascular stent implantation, are used widely for the treatment of diabetic peripheral vascular complications. Reendothelialization is an essential process in vascular injury following interventional therapy, and hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus (DM) plays an important role in damaging endothelial layer integrity, leading to the retardance of reendothelialization and excessive neointimal formation. Notoginsenoside Fc (Fc), a novel saponin isolated from Panax notoginseng, effectively counteracts platelet aggregation. Nevertheless, the potential effects and molecular mechanisms of Fc on reendothelialization have yet to be explored. In this study, we present novel findings that show the benefit of Fc in accelerating reendothelialization and alleviating excessive neointimal formation following carotid artery injury in diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo. Simultaneously, the decreased autophagy of the injured carotid artery in diabetic rats was restored by Fc treatment. Our in vitro results also demonstrated that Fc promoted endothelial cell proliferation and migration under high-glucose treatment by increasing autophagy. In summary, this study supported the notion that Fc could accelerate reendothelialization following vascular injury in diabetic rats by promoting autophagy, suggesting that Fc may exert therapeutic benefits for early endothelial injury and restenosis following intervention in diabetes-associated vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Chunyu Jiang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Lishuai Feng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
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Wang T, Gao Y, Wang X, Shi Y, Xu J, Wu B, He J, Li Y. Calpain-10 drives podocyte apoptosis and renal injury in diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:1811-1820. [PMID: 31571956 PMCID: PMC6750010 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s217924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a progressive microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), driven largely by podocyte apoptosis. The cysteine protease Calpain 10 is known to augment apoptosis and necrosis, and is a potential therapeutic target in DN. METHODS Type 2 diabetes was induced in SD rats by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding and streptozotocin (STZ) injections, and simulated in vitro by culturing conditionally immortalized mouse podocytes in hyperlipidemic (PA, 100 μM) conditions. The rate of apoptosis in the renal tissues and cultured podocytes was determined by TUNEL assay. The expression of Calpain 10 and its biological effects were assayed by real-time PCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. RESULTS Calpain 10 was up-regulated in the kidneys of DN rats, as well as immortalized mouse podocytes. High levels of Calpain 10 was associated with renal dysfunction and tissue destruction, and podocyte injury and apoptosis. Knockdown of Calpain 10 protected podocytes by decreasing apoptosis rate, and upregulated nephrin. CONCLUSION Calpain 10 is a pro-apoptotic factor in DN, and can be targeted for treating glomerular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanbin Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yanbin GaoSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Youanmenwai, Xitoutiao, Fengtai District, Beijing100069, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 108 391 1720Email
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yimin Shi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bingjie Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yimeng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang B, Zhou WJ, Gu CJ, Wu K, Yang HL, Mei J, Yu JJ, Hou XF, Sun JS, Xu FY, Li DJ, Jin LP, Li MQ. The ginsenoside PPD exerts anti-endometriosis effects by suppressing estrogen receptor-mediated inhibition of endometrial stromal cell autophagy and NK cell cytotoxicity. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:574. [PMID: 29760378 PMCID: PMC5951853 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0581-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis (EMS) is an estrogen-dependent gynecological disease with a low autophagy level of ectopic endometrial stromal cells (eESCs). Impaired NK cell cytotoxic activity is involved in the clearance obstruction of the ectopic endometrial tissue in the abdominopelvic cavity. Protopanaxadiol (PPD) and protopanaxatriol (PPT) are two metabolites of ginsenosides, which have profound biological functions, such as anti-cancer activities. However, the role and mechanism of ginsenosides and metabolites in endometriosis are completely unknown. Here, we found that the compounds PPD, PPT, ginsenoside-Rg3 (G-Rg3), ginsenoside-Rh2 (G-Rh2), and esculentoside A (EsA) led to significant decreases in the viability of eESCs, particularly PPD (IC50 = 30.64 µM). In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that PPD promoted the expression of progesterone receptor (PR) and downregulated the expression of estrogen receptor α (ERα) in eESCs. Treatment with PPD obviously induced the autophagy of eESCs and reversed the inhibitory effect of estrogen on eESC autophagy. In addition, eESCs pretreated with PPD enhanced the cytotoxic activity of NK cells in response to eESCs. PPD decreased the numbers and suppressed the growth of ectopic lesions in a mouse EMS model. These results suggest that PPD plays a role in anti-EMS activation, possibly by restricting estrogen-mediated autophagy regulation and enhancing the cytotoxicity of NK cells. This result provides a scientific basis for potential therapeutic strategies to treat EMS by PPD or further structural modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhou
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Jie Gu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Li Yang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Jun Yu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Hou
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Song Sun
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 330022, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Feng-Yuan Xu
- Wallace H.Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech College of Engineering and Emory School of Medicine, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, GA, USA
| | - Da-Jin Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Ping Jin
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200040, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ming-Qing Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 200011, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, 200011, Shanghai, China.
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Tu L, Wang Y, Chen D, Xiang P, Shen J, Li Y, Wang S. Protective Effects of Notoginsenoside R1 via Regulation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR/JNK Pathway in Neonatal Cerebral Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:1210-1226. [PMID: 29696512 PMCID: PMC5996020 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2538-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) is a predominant phytoestrogen extracted from Panax notoginseng that has recently been reported to play important roles in the treatment of cardiac dysfunction, diabetic kidney disease, and acute liver failure. Studies have suggested that NGR1 may be a viable treatment of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in neonates by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress via estrogen receptors (ERs). However, whether NGR1 has other neuroprotective mechanisms or long-term neuroprotective effects is unclear. In this study, oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in primary cortical neurons and unilateral ligation of the common carotid artery (CCL) in 7-day-old postnatal Sprague Dawley (SD) rats followed by exposure to a hypoxic environment were used to mimic an HIBD episode. We assessed the efficacy of NGR1 by measuring neuronal damage with MTT assay and assessed brain injury by TTC staining and brain water content detection 24–48 h after OGD/HIE. Simultaneously, we measured the long-term neurophysiological effects using the beam walking test (5 weeks after HI) and Morris water maze test 5–6 weeks after HI. Expression of PI3K-Akt-mTOR/JNK (24 h after HI or OGD/R) proteins was detected by Western blotting after stimulation with HI, NGR1, LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor), 740Y-P (PI3K agonist), or ICI 182780(estrogen receptors inhibitor). The results indicated that NGR1 exerted neuroprotective effects by inhibiting neuronal apoptosis and promoting cell survival via the PI3K-Akt-mTOR/JNK signaling pathways by targeting ER in neonatal hypoxic–ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Tu
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Di Chen
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ping Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingjing Shen
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yingbo Li
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shali Wang
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Zhang G, Li D, Chen H, Zhang J, Jin X. Vitexin induces G2/M‑phase arrest and apoptosis via Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in human glioblastoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:4599-4604. [PMID: 29328424 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guangning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Dongyuan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Junchen Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Xingyi Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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Shi S, Lin S, Li Y, Zhang T, Shao X, Tian T, Zhou T, Li Q, Lin Y. Effects of tetrahedral DNA nanostructures on autophagy in chondrocytes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:1327-1330. [PMID: 29349457 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09397g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) have gathered great attention and are being widely used in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Hospital of Stomatology
- Southwest Medical University
- Luzhou 646000
- China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoru Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Taoran Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Tengfei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Qianshun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
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Jiang Y, Wang W, Liu ZY, Xie Y, Qian Y, Cai XN. Overexpression of miR-130a-3p/301a-3p attenuates high glucose-induced MPC5 podocyte dysfunction through suppression of TNF-α signaling. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1021-1028. [PMID: 29434693 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α has been reported to be important in glomerulonephritis, which is closely associated with podocyte dysfunction and apoptosis. However, the precise mechanisms by which TNF-α expression are regulated remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of microRNA (miR)-130a-3p/301a-3p in the post-transcriptional control of TNF-α expression and high glucose (HG)-induced podocyte dysfunction. Mice MPC5 podocytes were incubated with HG and transfected with miR-130a-3p/301a-3p mimics or inhibitors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured by flow cytometry assay, and the mRNA and protein levels were assayed by using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. The targeted genes were predicted by a bioinformatics algorithm and verified using a dual luciferase reporter assay. It was observed that miR-130a-3p/301a-3p was a novel regulator of TNF-α in mouse podocytes. miR-130a-3p/301a-3p mimics inhibited TNF-α 3'-untranslated region luciferase reporter activity, in addition to endogenous TNF-α protein expression. Furthermore, forced expression of miR-130a-3p or miR-301a-3p resulted in the downregulation of ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) and the upregulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1 in the presence of HG. Inhibition of TNF-α level prevented a remarkable reduction in SOD activity and a marked increase in ROS and MDA levels in HG-treated podocytes. Furthermore, TNF-α loss-of-function significantly reversed HG-induced podocyte apoptosis. These data demonstrated a novel up-stream role for miR-130a-3p/301a-3p in TNF-α-mediated podocyte dysfunction and apoptosis in the presence of HG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The Cancer Hospital of Guizhou, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The 455 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Nephrology Center of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Shanghai 200052, P.R. China
| | - Zong-Yang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Cancer Hospital of Guizhou, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Nephrology, The Cancer Hospital of Guizhou, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Qian
- Department of Nephrology, The Cancer Hospital of Guizhou, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Ni Cai
- Department of Nephrology, The Cancer Hospital of Guizhou, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
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