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Hou C, Xie L, Wang T, Zheng J, Zhao Y, Qiu Q, Yang Y, Xiao T. Comparative transcription profiling of mRNA and lncRNA in pulmonary arterial hypertension after C75 treatment. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:46. [PMID: 36717804 PMCID: PMC9887911 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02334-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate mRNA and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression profiles in monocrotaline (MCT)- mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lung tissues (Control-Vehicle, MCT-Vehicle, and MCT-C75) were examined by high-throughput sequencing (HTS). Aberrantly expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs were analyzed by bioinformatics. Cell proliferation and cell cycle analysis were performed to detect the potential protective effects of C75, an inhibitor of fatty acid synthase. The signaling pathways associated with inflammatory responses were verified by real time-PCR. RESULTS RNA sequencing data reveals 285 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 147 lncRNAs in the MCT-Vehicle group compared to the control. After five-week of C75 treatment, 514 DEGs and 84 lncRNAs are aberrant compared to the MCT-Vehicle group. Analysis of DEGs and lncRNA target genes reveals that they were enriched in pathways related to cell cycle, cell division, and vascular smooth muscle contraction that contributes to the PAH pathological process. Subsequently, the expression of eight DEGs and three lncRNAs is verified using RT-PCR. Differentially expressed lncRNAs (ENSMUSG00000110393.2, Gm38850, ENSMUSG00000100465.1, ENSMUSG00000110399.1) may associate in PAH pathogenesis as suggested by co-expression network analysis. C75 can protect against MCT-induced PAH through its anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferation. CONCLUSIONS These DEGs and lncRNAs can be considered as novel candidate regulators of PAH pathogenesis. We propose that C75 treatment can partially reverse PAH pathogenesis through modulating cell cycle, cell proliferation, and anti-inflammatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuilan Hou
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062 China ,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Embryogenesis and Developmental Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering, Shanghai, 200062 China
| | - Lijian Xie
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Pediatrics, JinShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingxia Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062 China
| | - Junmin Zheng
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062 China
| | - Yuqi Zhao
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji-Xi Road, Hefei, 230022 Anhui China
| | - Qingzhu Qiu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062 China
| | - Yi Yang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XThe Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310052 China
| | - Tingting Xiao
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062 China ,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Embryogenesis and Developmental Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering, Shanghai, 200062 China
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Sun QW, Sun Z. Stem Cell Therapy for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: An Update. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022; 41:692-703. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Hudson J, Farkas L. Epigenetic Regulation of Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212098. [PMID: 34829978 PMCID: PMC8617605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Once perceived as a disorder treated by vasodilation, pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) has emerged as a pulmonary vascular disease with severe endothelial cell dysfunction. In the absence of a cure, many studies seek to understand the detailed mechanisms of EC regulation to potentially create more therapeutic options for PAH. Endothelial dysfunction is characterized by complex phenotypic changes including unchecked proliferation, apoptosis-resistance, enhanced inflammatory signaling and metabolic reprogramming. Recent studies have highlighted the role of epigenetic modifications leading to pro-inflammatory response pathways, endothelial dysfunction, and the progression of PAH. This review summarizes the existing literature on epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs, which can lead to aberrant endothelial function. Our goal is to develop a conceptual framework for immune dysregulation and epigenetic changes in endothelial cells in the context of PAH. These studies as well as others may lead to advances in therapeutics to treat this devastating disease.
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Wu Y, Cai C, Yang L, Xiang Y, Zhao H, Zeng C. Inhibitory effects of formononetin on the monocrotaline‑induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:1192-1200. [PMID: 31922224 PMCID: PMC7003019 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal syndrome resulting from enhanced pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vessel resistance. Perivascular inflammation and extracellular matrix deposition are considered to be the crucial pathophysiologic bases of PAH. Formononetin (FMN), a natural phytoestrogen isolated from red clover (Trifolium pratense), has a variety of proapoptotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. However, the therapeutic effectiveness of FMN for PAH remains unclear. In the present study, 60 mg/kg monocrotaline (MCT) was first used to induce PAH in rats, and then all rats were treated with different concentrations of FMN (10, 30 and 60 mg/kg/day). At the end of this study, the hemodynamics and pulmonary vascular morphology of rats were evaluated. Specifically, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2, transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) and MMP9 were measured using western blot and immunohistochemical staining. Collagen type I, collagen type III, fibronectin, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, ERK and NF-κB were quantified using western blotting. The results demonstrated that FMN significantly alleviated the changes of hemodynamics and pulmonary vascular morphology, and decreased the MCT-induced upregulations of TGFβ1, MMP2 and MMP9 expression levels. Meanwhile, the expression levels of collagen type I, collagen type III and fibronectin in rat lungs decreased after FMN treatment. Furthermore, the phosphorylated ERK and NF-κB also decreased after FMN treatment. Taken together, the present study indicated that FMN serves a therapeutic role in the MCT-induced PAH in rats via suppressing pulmonary vascular remodeling, which may be partially related to ERK and NF-κB signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Changhong Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Lebing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Yijia Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Huan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Chunlai Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
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PCPA protects against monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial remodeling in rats: potential roles of connective tissue growth factor. Oncotarget 2017; 8:111642-111655. [PMID: 29340081 PMCID: PMC5762349 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) and determine whether 4-chloro-DL-phenylalanine (PCPA) could inhibit pulmonary arterial remodeling associated with connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression and downstream signal pathway. MCT was administered to forty Sprague Dawley rats to establish the PAH model. PCPA was administered at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg once daily for 3 weeks via intraperitoneal injection. On day 22, the pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), right ventricle hypertrophy index (RVI) and pulmonary artery morphology were assessed and the serotonin receptor-1B (SR-1B), CTGF, p-ERK/ERK were measured by western blot or immunohistochemistry. The concentration of serotonin in plasma was checked by ELISA. Apoptosis and apoptosis-related indexes were detected by TUNEL and western blot. In the MCT-induced PAH models, the PAP, RVI, pulmonary vascular remodeling, SR-1B index, CTGF index, anti-apoptotic factors bcl-xl and bcl-2, serotonin concentration in plasma were all increased and the pro-apoptotic factor caspase-3 was reduced. PCPA significantly ameliorated pulmonary arterial remodeling induced by MCT, and this action was associated with accelerated apoptosis and down-regulation of CTGF, SR-1B and p-ERK/ERK. The present study suggests that PCPA protects against the pathogenesis of PAH by suppressing remodeling and inducing apoptosis, which are likely associated with CTGF and downstream ERK signaling pathway in rats.
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