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Wang YX, Reyes-García J, Di Mise A, Zheng YM. Role of ryanodine receptor 2 and FK506-binding protein 12.6 dissociation in pulmonary hypertension. J Gen Physiol 2023; 155:213798. [PMID: 36625865 PMCID: PMC9836826 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a devastating disease characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary arterial pressure leading to right ventricular failure and death. A major cellular response in this disease is the contraction of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of the pulmonary vasculature. Cell contraction is determined by the increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), which is generated and regulated by various ion channels. Several studies by us and others have shown that ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2), a Ca2+-releasing channel in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), is an essential ion channel for the control of [Ca2+]i in pulmonary artery SMCs (PASMCs), thereby mediating the sustained vasoconstriction seen in PH. FK506-binding protein 12.6 (FKBP12.6) strongly associates with RyR2 to stabilize its functional activity. FKBP12.6 can be dissociated from RyR2 by a hypoxic stimulus to increase channel function and Ca2+ release, leading to pulmonary vasoconstriction and PH. More specifically, dissociation of the RyR2-FKBP12.6 complex is a consequence of increased mitochondrial ROS generation mediated by the Rieske iron-sulfur protein (RISP) at the mitochondrial complex III after hypoxia. Overall, RyR2/FKBP12.6 dissociation and the corresponding signaling pathway may be an important factor in the development of PH. Novel drugs and biologics targeting RyR2, FKBP12.6, and related molecules may become unique effective therapeutics for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA,Correspondence to Yong-Xiao Wang:
| | - Jorge Reyes-García
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA,Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,Ciudad de México, México
| | - Annarita Di Mise
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA,Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA,Yun-Min Zheng:
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Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamic-Based Investigation on the Mechanism of Compound Chrysanthemum in the Treatment of Asthenopia. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3444277. [PMID: 36619789 PMCID: PMC9822747 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3444277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
As a clinical empirical prescription for ophthalmology, compound chrysanthemum has been used gradually and has a good effect on eye fatigue. However, the detailed mechanisms of antiasthenopia have not been studied. In order to clarify the mechanisms of the compound chrysanthemum in the treatment of asthenopia, network pharmacology was combined with experimental study in this paper. A total of 593 genes and 39 active chemicals were identified, and both were considered to be essential to the advancement of asthenopia research. The results of the molecular docking analysis demonstrated a certain affinity between PRKACA, PRKCA, PRKCB, and their related compounds; molecular dynamic simulations assessed the stability of these receptors and ligands. The effects of compound chrysanthemum extract on ciliary muscle were studied in vitro and in vivo. By using the MTT assay, compound chrysanthemum extracts (50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 g·mL-1) showed no effect on the proliferation of rCSMCs for 24 and 48 hours. It raised nitric oxide and decreased Ca2+ in ciliary muscle cells isolated from the eyeballs of rats. Besides, compound chrysanthemum extract had a direct relaxing effect on the isolated gastric smooth muscle of rats by reducing the contractile tension. Furthermore, in vivo experiment results showed that, compared to the incandescent lamp-irradiated rats (model group), SD rats treated with compound chrysanthemum extracts (660 mg·kg-1 and 1320 mg·kg-1, orally) displayed considerably retracted pupils and increased NO content. It is also found that compound chrysanthemum extract can downregulate the mRNA expression of PKA and PKC in the calcium signaling pathway. Overall, our results suggested that compound chrysanthemum extract may lessen visual fatigue through multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways.
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Gu W, Lei J, Zhu H, Xiao Y, Zhang Z, Zhao L. Effect of the BMPR-II-SMAD3/MRTF pathway on proliferation and migration of ASMCs and the mechanism in asthma. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9283-9296. [PMID: 36008606 PMCID: PMC9515032 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07764-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background A variety of smooth muscle-specific genes and proteins, including SMAD3, BMPR-II, and MRTF, are involved in airway remodeling in asthma. As a receptor of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, BMPR-II has important roles in airway remodeling in asthma. However, the underlying mechanism of BMPR-II in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) in asthma remains incomplete. Methods Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with ovalbumin antigen suspension and aluminium hydroxide and, stimulated with ovalbumin nebulized inhalation to constructed asthma model. Primary ASMCs were isolated with collagenase I and identified by testing the α-SMA expression. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot assay were employed to detect the gene expression. CCK8, Transwell and Fluo-4 A assays were introduced to measure the cell viability, migration and intracellular Ca2+. Co-Immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay was applied to test the interaction among proteins. Results First, we observed significant increases in BMPR-II in asthmatic rat model and ASMCs at both the mRNA and protein levels. Second, we observed that silencing of siBMPR-II inhibited proliferation, migratory capacity and intracellular Ca2+ concentration in ASMCs. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that siBMPR-II inhibited the Smad3 expression and overexpression promoted the bioactivity of ASMCs. In addition, this study showed that p-Smad3 could interacted with MRTF and siMRTF inhibits the bioactivity of ASMCs. Finally, our results revealed BMPR-II-SMAD3/MRTF pathway affected the bioactivity of ASMCs. Conclusions This study indicates that the BMPR-II-SMAD3/MRTF signaling pathway is involved in the process of ASMCs remodeling, providing novel avenues for the identification of new therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Gu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Lei
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - He Zhu
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yali Xiao
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenping Zhang
- People's Hospital of Zhongmu, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Limin Zhao
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China. .,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China. .,Henan Univerity People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China. .,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (Zhengzhou University People's Hospital), No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Could Lower Testosterone in Older Men Explain Higher COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortalities? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020935. [PMID: 35055119 PMCID: PMC8781054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The health scourge imposed on humanity by the COVID-19 pandemic seems not to recede. This fact warrants refined and novel ideas analyzing different aspects of the illness. One such aspect is related to the observation that most COVID-19 casualties were older males, a tendency also noticed in the epidemics of SARS-CoV in 2003 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome in 2012. This gender-related difference in the COVID-19 death toll might be directly involved with testosterone (TEST) and its plasmatic concentration in men. TEST has been demonstrated to provide men with anti-inflammatory and immunological advantages. As the plasmatic concentration of this androgen decreases with age, the health benefit it confers also diminishes. Low plasmatic levels of TEST can be determinant in the infection’s outcome and might be related to a dysfunctional cell Ca2+ homeostasis. Not only does TEST modulate the activity of diverse proteins that regulate cellular calcium concentrations, but these proteins have also been proven to be necessary for the replication of many viruses. Therefore, we discuss herein how TEST regulates different Ca2+-handling proteins in healthy tissues and propose how low TEST concentrations might facilitate the replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus through the lack of modulation of the mechanisms that regulate intracellular Ca2+ concentrations.
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Reyes-García J, Montaño LM, Carbajal-García A, Wang YX. Sex Hormones and Lung Inflammation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1304:259-321. [PMID: 34019274 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68748-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a characteristic marker in numerous lung disorders. Several immune cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, eosinophils, as well as T and B lymphocytes, synthetize and release cytokines involved in the inflammatory process. Gender differences in the incidence and severity of inflammatory lung ailments including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis (PF), lung cancer (LC), and infectious related illnesses have been reported. Moreover, the effects of sex hormones on both androgens and estrogens, such as testosterone (TES) and 17β-estradiol (E2), driving characteristic inflammatory patterns in those lung inflammatory diseases have been investigated. In general, androgens seem to display anti-inflammatory actions, whereas estrogens produce pro-inflammatory effects. For instance, androgens regulate negatively inflammation in asthma by targeting type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and T-helper (Th)-2 cells to attenuate interleukin (IL)-17A-mediated responses and leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis pathway. Estrogens may promote neutrophilic inflammation in subjects with asthma and COPD. Moreover, the activation of estrogen receptors might induce tumorigenesis. In this chapter, we summarize the most recent advances in the functional roles and associated signaling pathways of inflammatory cellular responses in asthma, COPD, PF, LC, and newly occurring COVID-19 disease. We also meticulously deliberate the influence of sex steroids on the development and progress of these common and severe lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Reyes-García
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Luis M Montaño
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Abril Carbajal-García
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
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Wang L, Ginnan RG, Wang YX, Zheng YM. Interactive Roles of CaMKII/Ryanodine Receptor Signaling and Inflammation in Lung Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1303:305-317. [PMID: 33788199 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-63046-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a multifunctional protein kinase and has been recently recognized to play a vital role in pathological events in the pulmonary system. CaMKII has diverse downstream targets that promote vascular disease, asthma, and cancer, so improved understanding of CaMKII signaling has the potential to lead to new therapies for lung diseases. Multiple studies have demonstrated that CaMKII is involved in redox modulation of ryanodine receptors (RyRs). CaMKII can be directly activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) which then regulates RyR activity, which is essential for Ca2+-dependent processes in lung diseases. Furthermore, both CaMKII and RyRs participate in the inflammation process. However, their role in the pulmonary physiology in response to ROS is still an ambiguous one. Because CaMKII and RyRs are important in pulmonary biology, cell survival, cell cycle control, and inflammation, it is possible that the relationship between ROS and CaMKII/RyRs signal complex will be necessary for understanding and treating lung diseases. Here, we review roles of CaMKII/RyRs in lung diseases to understand with how CaMKII/RyRs may act as a transduction signal to connect prooxidant conditions into specific downstream pathological effects that are relevant to rare and common forms of pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.,Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Roman G Ginnan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
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Okonski R, Zheng YM, Di Mise A, Wang YX. Reciprocal Correlations of Inflammatory and Calcium Signaling in Asthma Pathogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1303:319-331. [PMID: 33788200 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-63046-1_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, which can be caused by exposure to an allergen, spasmogen, or be induced by exercise. Despite its prevalence, the exact mechanisms by which the airway becomes hyperresponsive in asthma are not fully understood. There is evidence that myosin light-chain kinase is overexpressed, with a concomitant downregulation of myosin light-chain phosphatase in the airway smooth muscle, leading to sustained contraction. Additionally, the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum ATPase may be affected by inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and TNF-α, which are all associated with asthmatic airway inflammation. IL-13 and TNF-α seem to promote sodium/calcium exchanger 1 overexpression as well. Anyhow, the exact mechanisms beyond these dysregulations need to be clarified. Of note, multiple studies show an association between asthma and the ORMLD3 gene, opening new perspectives to future potential gene therapies. Currently, several treatments are available for asthma, although many of them have systemic side effects, or are not effective in patients with severe asthma. Furthering our knowledge on the molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms of asthma plays a pivotal role for the development of new and more targeted treatments for patients who cannot totally benefit from the current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Okonski
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Annarita Di Mise
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA. .,Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies e Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA.
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Fuentes N, McCullough M, Panettieri RA, Druey KM. RGS proteins, GRKs, and beta-arrestins modulate G protein-mediated signaling pathways in asthma. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 223:107818. [PMID: 33600853 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a highly prevalent disorder characterized by chronic lung inflammation and reversible airways obstruction. Pathophysiological features of asthma include episodic and reversible airway narrowing due to increased bronchial smooth muscle shortening in response to external and host-derived mediators, excessive mucus secretion into the airway lumen, and airway remodeling. The aberrant airway smooth muscle (ASM) phenotype observed in asthma manifests as increased sensitivity to contractile mediators (EC50) and an increase in the magnitude of contraction (Emax); collectively these attributes have been termed "airways hyper-responsiveness" (AHR). This defining feature of asthma can be promoted by environmental factors including airborne allergens, viruses, and air pollution and other irritants. AHR reduces airway caliber and obstructs airflow, evoking clinical symptoms such as cough, wheezing and shortness of breath. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have a central function in asthma through their impact on ASM and airway inflammation. Many but not all treatments for asthma target GPCRs mediating ASM contraction or relaxation. Here we discuss the roles of specific GPCRs, G proteins, and their associated signaling pathways, in asthma, with an emphasis on endogenous mechanisms of GPCR regulation of ASM tone and lung inflammation including regulators of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins, G-protein coupled receptor kinases (GRKs), and β-arrestin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Fuentes
- Lung and Vascular Inflammation Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Morgan McCullough
- Lung and Vascular Inflammation Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University School of Medicine, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
| | - Kirk M Druey
- Lung and Vascular Inflammation Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
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Zhang YH, Li Z, Zeng T, Chen L, Li H, Huang T, Cai YD. Detecting the Multiomics Signatures of Factor-Specific Inflammatory Effects on Airway Smooth Muscles. Front Genet 2021; 11:599970. [PMID: 33519902 PMCID: PMC7838645 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.599970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscles are a specific muscle subtype that is widely identified in the tissues of internal passageways. This muscle subtype has the capacity for controlled or regulated contraction and relaxation. Airway smooth muscles are a unique type of smooth muscles that constitute the effective, adjustable, and reactive wall that covers most areas of the entire airway from the trachea to lung tissues. Infection with SARS-CoV-2, which caused the world-wide COVID-19 pandemic, involves airway smooth muscles and their surrounding inflammatory environment. Therefore, airway smooth muscles and related inflammatory factors may play an irreplaceable role in the initiation and progression of several severe diseases. Many previous studies have attempted to reveal the potential relationships between interleukins and airway smooth muscle cells only on the omics level, and the continued existence of numerous false-positive optimal genes/transcripts cannot reflect the actual effective biological mechanisms underlying interleukin-based activation effects on airway smooth muscles. Here, on the basis of newly presented machine learning-based computational approaches, we identified specific regulatory factors and a series of rules that contribute to the activation and stimulation of airway smooth muscles by IL-13, IL-17, or the combination of both interleukins on the epigenetic and/or transcriptional levels. The detected discriminative factors (genes) and rules can contribute to the identification of potential regulatory mechanisms linking airway smooth muscle tissues and inflammatory factors and help reveal specific pathological factors for diseases associated with airway smooth muscle inflammation on multiomics levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Zhandong Li
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Li
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Dong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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Caspofungin induces the release of Ca 2+ ions from internal stores by activating ryanodine receptor-dependent pathways in human tracheal epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11723. [PMID: 32678179 PMCID: PMC7367263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68626-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimycotic drug caspofungin is known to alter the cell function of cardiomyocytes and the cilia-bearing cells of the tracheal epithelium. The objective of this study was to investigate the homeostasis of intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) after exposure to caspofungin in isolated human tracheal epithelial cells. The [Ca2+]i was measured using the ratiometric fluoroprobe FURA-2 AM. We recorded two groups of epithelial cells with distinct responses to caspofungin exposure, which demonstrated either a rapid transient rise in [Ca2+]i or a sustained elevation of [Ca2+]i. Both patterns of Ca2+ kinetics were still observed when an influx of transmembraneous Ca2+ ions was pharmacologically inhibited. Furthermore, in extracellular buffer solutions without Ca2+ ions, caspofungin exposure still evoked this characteristic rise in [Ca2+]i. To shed light on the origin of the Ca2+ ions responsible for the elevation in [Ca2+]i we investigated the possible intracellular storage of Ca2+ ions. The depletion of mitochondrial Ca2+ stores using 25 µM 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) did not prevent the caspofungin-induced rise in [Ca2+]i, which was rapid and transient. However, the application of caffeine (30 mM) to discharge Ca2+ ions that were presumably stored in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) prior to caspofungin exposure completely inhibited the caspofungin-induced changes in [Ca2+]i levels. When the ER-bound IP3 receptors were blocked by 2-APB (40 µM), we observed a delayed transient rise in [Ca2+]i as a response to the caspofungin. Inhibition of the ryanodine receptors (RyR) using 40 µM ryanodine completely prevented the caspofungin-induced elevation of [Ca2+]i. In summary, caspofungin has been shown to trigger an increase in [Ca2+]i independent from extracellular Ca2+ ions by liberating the Ca2+ ions stored in the ER, mainly via a RyR pathway.
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Carbajal-García A, Reyes-García J, Montaño LM. Androgen Effects on the Adrenergic System of the Vascular, Airway, and Cardiac Myocytes and Their Relevance in Pathological Processes. Int J Endocrinol 2020; 2020:8849641. [PMID: 33273918 PMCID: PMC7676939 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8849641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Androgen signaling comprises nongenomic and genomic pathways. Nongenomic actions are not related to the binding of the androgen receptor (AR) and occur rapidly. The genomic effects implicate the binding to a cytosolic AR, leading to protein synthesis. Both events are independent of each other. Genomic effects have been associated with different pathologies such as vascular ischemia, hypertension, asthma, and cardiovascular diseases. Catecholamines play a crucial role in regulating vascular smooth muscle (VSM), airway smooth muscle (ASM), and cardiac muscle (CM) function and tone. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is an updated analysis of the role of androgens in the adrenergic system of vascular, airway, and cardiac myocytes. Body. Testosterone (T) favors vasoconstriction, and its concentration fluctuation during life stages can affect the vascular tone and might contribute to the development of hypertension. In the VSM, T increases α1-adrenergic receptors (α 1-ARs) and decreases adenylyl cyclase expression, favoring high blood pressure and hypertension. Androgens have also been associated with asthma. During puberty, girls are more susceptible to present asthma symptoms than boys because of the increment in the plasmatic concentrations of T in young men. In the ASM, β 2-ARs are responsible for the bronchodilator effect, and T augments the expression of β 2-ARs evoking an increase in the relaxing response to salbutamol. The levels of T are also associated with an increment in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk. In the CM, activation of α 1A-ARs and β 2-ARs increases the ionotropic activity, leading to the development of contraction, and T upregulates the expression of both receptors and improves the myocardial performance. CONCLUSIONS Androgens play an essential role in the adrenergic system of vascular, airway, and cardiac myocytes, favoring either a state of health or disease. While the use of androgens as a therapeutic tool for treating asthma symptoms or heart disease is proposed, the vascular system is warmly affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abril Carbajal-García
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Jorge Reyes-García
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Luis M. Montaño
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico
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Zhang J, Wei Y, Bai S, Ding S, Gao H, Yin S, Chen S, Lu J, Wang H, Shen Y, Shen B, Du J. TRPV4 Complexes With the Na +/Ca 2+ Exchanger and IP 3 Receptor 1 to Regulate Local Intracellular Calcium and Tracheal Tension in Mice. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1471. [PMID: 31866874 PMCID: PMC6910018 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ is critical for regulating airway smooth muscle (ASM) tension. A rapid rise in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) of ASM cells is crucial for modulating the intensity and length of the ASM contraction. Because this rapid increase in [Ca2+]i largely depends on the balance between Ca2+ released from intracellular Ca2+ stores and extracellular Ca2+ entry, exploring the mechanisms mediating Ca2+ transport is critical for understanding ASM contractility and the pathogenesis of bronchial contraction disorders. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a highly Ca2+-permeable non-selective cation channel that mediates Ca2+ influx to increase [Ca2+]i, which then directly or indirectly regulates the contraction and relaxation of ASM. The [Ca2+]i returns to basal levels through several uptake and extrusion pumps, such as the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), the plasmalemmal Ca2+ ATPase, and the plasma membrane Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX). Thus, to further understand ASM tension regulation in normal and diseased tissue, the present study examined whether an interaction exists among TRPV4, IP3Rs, and NCX. The TRPV4-specific and potent agonist GSK1016790A increased [Ca2+]i in mouse ASM cells, an effect that was completely blocked by the TRPV4-specific antagonist HC067047. However, GSK1016790A induced relaxation in mouse tracheal rings precontracted with carbachol in vitro. To determine the mechanism underlying this TRPV4-induced relaxation of ASM, we blocked specific downstream molecules. We found that the GSK1016790A-induced relaxation was abolished by the NCX inhibitors KB-R7943 and LiCl but not by specific inhibitors of the Ca2+-activated large-, intermediate-, or small-conductance K+ channels (BKCa, IK, and SK3, respectively). The results of co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays showed an interaction of TRPV4 and IP3R1 with NCXs. Taken together, these findings support a physical and functional interaction of TRPV4 and IP3R1 with NCXs as a novel TRPV4-mediated Ca2+ signaling mechanism and suggest a potential target for regulation of ASM tension and treatment of respiratory diseases, especially tracheal spasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Suwen Bai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shenggang Ding
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Huiwen Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Sheng Yin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinsen Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yonggang Shen
- Nursing Faculty, Anhui Health College, Chizhou, China
| | - Bing Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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13
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Bhallamudi S, Connell J, Pabelick CM, Prakash YS, Sathish V. Estrogen receptors differentially regulate intracellular calcium handling in human nonasthmatic and asthmatic airway smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 318:L112-L124. [PMID: 31617730 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00206.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is defined as chronic inflammation of the airways and is characterized by airway remodeling, hyperresponsiveness, and acute bronchoconstriction of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. Clinical findings suggest a higher incidence and severity of asthma in adult women, indicating a concrete role of sex steroids in modulating the airway tone. Estrogen, a major female sex steroid mediates its role through estrogen receptors (ER) ERα and ERβ, which are shown to be expressed in human ASM, and their expression is upregulated in lung inflammation and asthma. Previous studies suggested rapid, nongenomic signaling of estrogen via ERs reduces intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i), thereby promoting relaxation of ASM. However, long-term ER activation on [Ca2+]i regulation in human ASM during inflammation or in asthma is still not known. In Fura-2-loaded nonasthmatic and asthmatic human ASM cells, we found that prolonged (24 h) exposure to ERα agonist (PPT) increased [Ca2+]i response to histamine, whereas ERβ activation (WAY) led to decreased [Ca2+] compared with vehicle. This was further confirmed by ER overexpression and knockdown studies using various bronchoconstrictor agents. Interestingly, ERβ activation was more effective than 17β-estradiol in reducing [Ca2+]i responses in the presence of TNF-α or IL-13, while no observable changes were noticed with PPT in the presence of either cytokine. The [Ca2+]i-reducing effects of ERβ were mediated partially via L-type calcium channel inhibition and increased Ca2+ sequestration by sarcoplasmic reticulum. Overall, these data highlight the differential signaling of ERα and ERβ in ASM during inflammation. Specific ERβ activation reduces [Ca2+]i in the inflamed ASM cells and is likely to play a crucial role in regulating ASM contractility, thereby relaxing airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Bhallamudi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Jennifer Connell
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Venkatachalem Sathish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
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14
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Chen C, Yang Y, Yu MF, Shi S, Han S, Liu QH, Cai C, Shen J. Relaxant Action of Diclofenac Sodium on Mouse Airway Smooth Muscle. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:608. [PMID: 31275141 PMCID: PMC6591797 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diclofenac sodium (DCF) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and is widely used as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent. Herein, we found that DCF could relax high K+ (80 mM K+)-/ACh-precontracted tracheal rings (TRs) in mice. This study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of DCF-induced relaxations. The effects of DCF on airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells were explored using multiple biophysiological techniques, such as isometric tension measurement and patch-clamping experiments. Both high K+- and ACh-evoked contraction of TRs in mice were relaxed by DCF in a dose-dependent manner. The results of isometric tension and patch-clamping experiments demonstrated that DCF-induced relaxation in ASM cells was mediated by cytosolic free Ca2+, which was decreased via inhibition of voltage-dependent L-type Ca2+ channels (VDLCCs), nonselective cation channels (NSCCs), and Na+/Ca2+ exchange. Meanwhile, DCF also enhanced large conductance Ca2+ activated K+ (BK) channels, which led to the relaxation of ASMs. Our data demonstrated that DCF relaxed ASMs by decreasing the intracellular Ca2+ concentration via inhibition of Ca2+ influx and Na+/Ca2+ exchange. Meanwhile, the enhanced BK channels also played a role in DCF-induced relaxation in ASMs. These results suggest that DCF is a potential candidate for antibronchospasmic drugs used in treating respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfa Chen
- Institute for Medical Biology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongle Yang
- Institute for Medical Biology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng-Fei Yu
- Institute for Medical Biology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Shunbo Shi
- Institute for Medical Biology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuhui Han
- Institute for Medical Biology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing-Hua Liu
- Institute for Medical Biology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Congli Cai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Wuhan Youzhiyou Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Jinhua Shen
- Institute for Medical Biology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
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