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Santos TS, Bahia MO, Guimarães AC, Souza CRT, Muto NA, Rogez H, Burbano RMR. In vitro assessment of the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of clarified açai (Euterpe oleracea MART) extract in a gastric cancer cell line (AGP01 cells). Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 99:105873. [PMID: 38851601 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2024.105873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Açaí (Euterpe oleracea MART) is a fruit of great importance for the Amazon region in nutritional, cultural and socioeconomic terms. In recent years, açaí has been the subject of several studies due to its beneficial properties for health, including effects against tumor cells. Therefore, the present work aimed to evaluate in vitro the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of the clarified extract of açaí juice in a human metastatic gastric cancer cell line (AGP01 cells). For comparison purposes, a non-transformed cell line of African green monkey renal epithelial cells (VERO cells) was used. The viability assay by resazurin reduction, the comet assay, the determination of cell death by differential fluorescent dyes and the wound healing migration assay were performed. A reduction in viability was observed only in the AGP01 line within 72 h. There was no genotoxic damage or cell death (through apoptosis or necrosis) in any of the cell lines. However, açaí extract induced motility reduction in both cell lines. The reduction in cell viability and the induction of the anti-migratory effect in the AGP01 cell line opens perspectives for exploring the potential of açaí as an adjuvant in the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago S Santos
- Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Genética Toxicológica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém-Pará, Brazil
| | - Marcelo O Bahia
- Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Genética Toxicológica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém-Pará, Brazil.
| | - Adriana C Guimarães
- Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Genética Toxicológica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém-Pará, Brazil
| | - Carolina R T Souza
- Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Genética Toxicológica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém-Pará, Brazil
| | - Nilton A Muto
- Centro de Valorização de Compostos Bioativos da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém-Pará, Brazil
| | - Hervé Rogez
- Centro de Valorização de Compostos Bioativos da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém-Pará, Brazil
| | - Rommel M R Burbano
- Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Genética Toxicológica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém-Pará, Brazil
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2
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Wang Y, Chen SJ, Ma T, Long Q, Chen L, Xu KX, Cao Y. Promotion of apoptosis in melanoma cells by taxifolin through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway: Screening of natural products using WGCNA and CMAP platforms. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112517. [PMID: 38924866 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma is a skin cancer originating from melanocytes. The global incidence rate of melanoma is rapidly increasing, posing significant public health challenges. Identifying effective therapeutic agents is crucial in addressing this growing problem. Natural products have demonstrated promising anti-tumor activity. In this study, a plant flavonoid, taxifolin, was screened using Weighted Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) in combination with the Connectivity Map (CMAP) platform. Taxifolin was confirmed to inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of melanoma A375 and MV-3 cells by promoting apoptosis. Additionally, it suppressed the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) process of melanoma cells. Cyber pharmacological analysis revealed that taxifolin exerts its inhibitory effect on melanoma through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, specifically by downregulating the protein expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT. Notably, the addition of SC-79, an activator of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, reversed the effects of taxifolin on cell migration and apoptosis. Furthermore, in vivo experiments demonstrated that taxifolin treatment slowed tumor growth in mice without significant toxic effects. Based on these findings, taxifolin holds promise as a potential drug for melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No.9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Shao-Jie Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No.9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No.28 Gui Medical Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Ting Ma
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No.9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Qiu Long
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No.9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Lan Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No.9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Ke-Xin Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No.9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yu Cao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No.9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No.28 Gui Medical Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China.
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3
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Smorodin E, Chuzmarov V, Veidebaum T. The Potential of Integrative Cancer Treatment Using Melatonin and the Challenge of Heterogeneity in Population-Based Studies: A Case Report of Colon Cancer and a Literature Review. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:1994-2023. [PMID: 38668052 PMCID: PMC11049198 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31040149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a multifunctional hormone regulator that maintains homeostasis through circadian rhythms, and desynchronization of these rhythms can lead to gastrointestinal disorders and increase the risk of cancer. Preliminary clinical studies have shown that exogenous melatonin alleviates the harmful effects of anticancer therapy and improves quality of life, but the results are still inconclusive due to the heterogeneity of the studies. A personalized approach to testing clinical parameters and response to integrative treatment with nontoxic and bioavailable melatonin in patient-centered N-of-1 studies deserves greater attention. This clinical case of colon cancer analyzes and discusses the tumor pathology, the adverse effects of chemotherapy, and the dynamics of markers of inflammation (NLR, LMR, and PLR ratios), tumors (CEA, CA 19-9, and PSA), and hemostasis (D-dimer and activated partial thromboplastin time). The patient took melatonin during and after chemotherapy, nutrients (zinc, selenium, vitamin D, green tea, and taxifolin), and aspirin after chemotherapy. The patient's PSA levels decreased during CT combined with melatonin (19 mg/day), and melatonin normalized inflammatory markers and alleviated symptoms of polyneuropathy but did not help with thrombocytopenia. The results are analyzed and discussed in the context of the literature on oncostatic and systemic effects, alleviating therapy-mediated adverse effects, association with survival, and N-of-1 studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugeniy Smorodin
- Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Health Development, Paldiski mnt 80, 10617 Tallinn, Estonia;
| | - Valentin Chuzmarov
- 2nd Surgery Department, General Surgery and Oncology Surgery Centre, North Estonia Medical Centre, J. Sütiste Str. 19, 13419 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Health Development, Paldiski mnt 80, 10617 Tallinn, Estonia;
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Chen H, King FJ, Zhou B, Wang Y, Canedy CJ, Hayashi J, Zhong Y, Chang MW, Pache L, Wong JL, Jia Y, Joslin J, Jiang T, Benner C, Chanda SK, Zhou Y. Drug target prediction through deep learning functional representation of gene signatures. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1853. [PMID: 38424040 PMCID: PMC10904399 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46089-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Many machine learning applications in bioinformatics currently rely on matching gene identities when analyzing input gene signatures and fail to take advantage of preexisting knowledge about gene functions. To further enable comparative analysis of OMICS datasets, including target deconvolution and mechanism of action studies, we develop an approach that represents gene signatures projected onto their biological functions, instead of their identities, similar to how the word2vec technique works in natural language processing. We develop the Functional Representation of Gene Signatures (FRoGS) approach by training a deep learning model and demonstrate that its application to the Broad Institute's L1000 datasets results in more effective compound-target predictions than models based on gene identities alone. By integrating additional pharmacological activity data sources, FRoGS significantly increases the number of high-quality compound-target predictions relative to existing approaches, many of which are supported by in silico and/or experimental evidence. These results underscore the general utility of FRoGS in machine learning-based bioinformatics applications. Prediction networks pre-equipped with the knowledge of gene functions may help uncover new relationships among gene signatures acquired by large-scale OMICs studies on compounds, cell types, disease models, and patient cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Novartis Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
- Computational Biology Department, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Frederick J King
- Novartis Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Bin Zhou
- Novartis Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Novartis Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Carter J Canedy
- Novartis Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Joel Hayashi
- Novartis Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Yang Zhong
- Novartis Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Max W Chang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Lars Pache
- NCI Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Julian L Wong
- Novartis Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Yong Jia
- Novartis Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - John Joslin
- Novartis Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Christopher Benner
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Sumit K Chanda
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Yingyao Zhou
- Novartis Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
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Ocak M, Usta DD, Arik Erol GN, Kaplanoglu GT, Konac E, Yar Saglam AS. Determination of In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of Taxifolin and Epirubicin on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Mouse Breast Cancer Cells. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241241245. [PMID: 38515396 PMCID: PMC10958820 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241241245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: One of the most significant characteristics of cancer is epithelial-mesenchymal transition and research on the relationship between phenolic compounds and anticancer medications and epithelial-mesenchymal transition is widespread. Methods: In order to investigate the potential effects of Taxifolin on enhancing the effectiveness of Epirubicin in treating breast cancer, specifically in 4T1 cells and an allograft BALB/c model, the effects of Taxifolin and Epirubicin, both individually and in combination, were examined. Cell viability assays and cytotoxicity assays in 4T1 cells were performed. In addition, 4T1 cells were implanted into female BALB/c mice to conduct in vivo studies and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Taxifolin and Epirubicin alone or in combination. Tumor volumes and histological analysis were also assessed in mice. To further understand the mechanisms involved, we examined the messenger RNA and protein levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes, as well as active Caspase-3/7 levels, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. Results: In vitro results demonstrated that the coadministration of Taxifolin and Epirubicin reduced cell viability and cytotoxicity in 4T1 cell lines. In vivo, coadministration of Taxifolin and Epirubicin suppressed tumor growth in BALB/c mice with 4T1 breast cancer cells. Additionally, this combination treatment significantly increased the levels of active caspase-3/7 and downregulated the messenger RNA and protein levels of N-cadherin, β-catenin, vimentin, snail, and slug, but upregulated the E-cadherin gene. It significantly decreased the messenger RNA levels of the Zeb1 and Zeb2 genes. Conclusion: The in vitro and in vivo results of our study indicate that the concurrent use of Epirubicin with Taxifolin has supportive effects on breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Ocak
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Deniz Usta
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gokce Nur Arik Erol
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gulnur Take Kaplanoglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ece Konac
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Atiye Seda Yar Saglam
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Jia Q, Ding Q, Shao K, Dang J, Zhang F. Research progress regarding CYP3A gene family in gastric cancer. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:1874-1881. [PMID: 38448381 PMCID: PMC10930750 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.230150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A (CYP3A), a major member of cytochrome P450 (CYP) family, is one of the most important drug metabolizing enzymes in human. CYP3A includes 4 gene subtypes (CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP3A7, and CYP3A43), which is involved in 60% of drug metabolism in the human. It is not only widely distributed in normal tissues, but also significantly overexpressed in various tumor tissues. Recently, CYP3A has attracted great attention due to its involvement in the progression from chronic atrophic gastritis to gastric cancer, as well as the differential metabolism and resistance of chemotherapeutic drugs. Targeting CYP3A gene mediated-prodrug provides new ideas for the treatment of gastric cancer and is expected to become a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jia
- Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030.
| | - Qingsong Ding
- Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030
| | - Kangmei Shao
- Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030
| | - Jianzhong Dang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030.
- Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Chu S, Fei B, Yu M. Molecular Mechanism of Circ_0088300-BOLL Interaction Regulating Mitochondrial Metabolic Reprogramming and Involved in Gastric Cancer Growth and Metastasis. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:3793-3810. [PMID: 37953520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of the interaction between circRNA circ_0088300 and the RNA binding protein (RBP) BOLL on the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer. A prognostic risk model was established by screening differentially expressed RBP genes from the TCGA database, and BOLL was identified as a critical RBP. Gene Set Enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that BOLL was associated with mitochondrial function. The upregulation fold change of circ_0088300 was the highest in the GSE93541 data set, and the RPISeq database confirmed its binding relationship with BOLL. In vitro experiments showed that BOLL regulates mitochondrial metabolism and cancer cell function and circ_0088300 upregulates the expression level of BOLL. In vivo experiments demonstrated that knocking down circ_0088300 can inhibit tumor growth and metastasis, whereas overexpression of BOLL can reverse this effect. In conclusion, we have reached a preliminary conclusion that upregulation of BOLL by circ_0088300 promotes gastric cancer growth and metastasis by promoting mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Chu
- Department of Forensic Medicine of Basic Medical College, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Bingyuan Fei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal. Surgery, the Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, P.R. China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal. Surgery, the Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, P.R. China
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Cerrah S, Akbas N, Ozcicek F, Mammadov R, Altuner D, Suleyman H, Bulut S. Effects of taxifolin on aspirin-induced gastric damage in rats: macroscopic and biochemical evaluation. Exp Anim 2023; 72:513-519. [PMID: 37331803 PMCID: PMC10658090 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.22-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) is a flavanonol isolated from various plants and has antioxidant effects. The aim of our study was to macroscopically and biochemically investigate the effects of taxifolin on aspirin-induced oxidative gastric damage in rats and to evaluate them by comparison with those of famotidine. Rats were divided into four drug administration groups: a healthy control group, an aspirin-only group (ASG), a taxifolin + aspirin group (TASG), and a famotidine + aspirin group (FASG). The results revealed that in light of the results that we obtained, 50 mg/kg taxifolin had anti-ulcer effects. At this dose, taxifolin was able to bring COX-1 activities to a level close to those seen in healthy rats with appropriate macroscopic, oxidant/antioxidant, and biochemical parameters. Based on these results, it can be said that taxifolin may be successfully used as a more potent alternative to famotidine, which is the currently accepted treatment for aspirin-induced ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Cerrah
- Department of Gastroenterology, Erzurum City Hospital, Ataturk neighborhood, Çat Yolu Street, No: 36, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Nergis Akbas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Başbağlar neighborhood 1429. Street No:2/1 24100, Erzincan, Türkiye
| | - Fatih Ozcicek
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Başbağlar neighborhood 1429. Street No:2/1 24100, Erzincan, Türkiye
| | - Renad Mammadov
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Başbağlar neighborhood 1429. Street No:2/1 24100, Erzincan, Türkiye
| | - Durdu Altuner
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Başbağlar neighborhood 1429. Street No:2/1 24100, Erzincan, Türkiye
| | - Halis Suleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Başbağlar neighborhood 1429. Street No:2/1 24100, Erzincan, Türkiye
| | - Seval Bulut
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Başbağlar neighborhood 1429. Street No:2/1 24100, Erzincan, Türkiye
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Lin X, Dong Y, Gu Y, Wei F, Peng J, Su Y, Wang Y, Yang C, Neira SV, Kapoor A, Tang D. Taxifolin Inhibits the Growth of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer via Downregulating Genes Displaying Novel and Robust Associations with Immune Evasion Factors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4818. [PMID: 37835514 PMCID: PMC10571863 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Using an LL2 cell-based syngeneic mouse LC model, taxifolin suppressed allografts along with the appearance of 578 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). These DEGs were associated with enhancement of processes related to the extracellular matrix and lymphocyte chemotaxis as well as the reduction in pathways relevant to cell proliferation. From these DEGs, we formulated 12-gene (TxflSig) and 7-gene (TxflSig1) panels; both predicted response to ICB (immune checkpoint blockade) therapy more effectively in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) than numerous well-established ICB biomarkers, including PD-L1. In both panels, the mouse counterparts of ITGAL, ITGAX, and TMEM119 genes were downregulated by taxifolin. They were strongly associated with immune suppression in LC, evidenced by their robust correlations with the major immunosuppressive cell types (MDSC, Treg, and macrophage) and multiple immune checkpoints in NSCLC and across multiple human cancer types. ITGAL, ITGAX, and IIT (ITGAL-ITGAX-TMEM119) effectively predicted NSCLC's response to ICB therapy; IIT stratified the mortality risk of NSCLC. The stromal expressions of ITGAL and ITGAX, together with tumor expression of TMEM119 in NSCLC, were demonstrated. Collectively, we report multiple novel ICB biomarkers-TxflSig, TxflSig1, IIT, ITGAL, and ITGAX-and taxifolin-derived attenuation of immunosuppressive activities in NSCLC, suggesting the inclusion of taxifolin in ICB therapies for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozeng Lin
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Ying Dong
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Fengxiang Wei
- The Genetics Laboratory, Longgang District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Longgang District, Shenzhen 518174, China;
| | - Jingyi Peng
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Yingying Su
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Jilin Jianwei Songkou Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Changchun 510664, China;
| | - Chengzhi Yang
- Benda International Inc., Ottawa, ON K1X 0C1, Canada;
| | - Sandra Vega Neira
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Anil Kapoor
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Damu Tang
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
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Lin X, Dong Y, Gu Y, Kapoor A, Peng J, Su Y, Wei F, Wang Y, Yang C, Gill A, Neira SV, Tang D. Taxifolin Inhibits Breast Cancer Growth by Facilitating CD8+ T Cell Infiltration and Inducing a Novel Set of Genes including Potential Tumor Suppressor Genes in 1q21.3. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3203. [PMID: 37370814 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Taxifolin inhibits breast cancer (BC) via novel mechanisms. In a syngeneic mouse BC model, taxifolin suppressed 4T-1 cell-derived allografts. RNA-seq of 4T-1 tumors identified 36 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) upregulated by taxifolin. Among their human homologues, 19, 7, and 2 genes were downregulated in BCs, high-proliferative BCs, and BCs with high-fatality risks, respectively. Three genes were established as tumor suppressors and eight were novel to BC, including HNRN, KPRP, CRCT1, and FLG2. These four genes exhibit tumor suppressive actions and reside in 1q21.3, a locus amplified in 70% recurrent BCs, revealing a unique vulnerability of primary and recurrent BCs with 1q21.3 amplification with respect to taxifolin. Furthermore, the 36 DEGs formed a multiple gene panel (DEG36) that effectively stratified the fatality risk in luminal, HER2+, and triple-negative (TN) equivalent BCs in two large cohorts: the METABRIC and TCGA datasets. 4T-1 cells model human TNBC cells. The DEG36 most robustly predicted the poor prognosis of TNBCs and associated it with the infiltration of CD8+ T, NK, macrophages, and Th2 cells. Of note, taxifolin increased the CD8+ T cell content in 4T-1 tumors. The DEG36 is a novel and effective prognostic biomarker of BCs, particularly TNBCs, and can be used to assess the BC-associated immunosuppressive microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozeng Lin
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Ying Dong
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Anil Kapoor
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Jingyi Peng
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Yingying Su
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Fengxiang Wei
- The Genetics Laboratory, Longgang District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen 518174, China
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Jilin Jianwei Songkou Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Changchun 510664, China
| | - Chengzhi Yang
- Benda International INC., Ottawa, ON K1X 0C1, Canada
| | - Armaan Gill
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Sandra Vega Neira
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Damu Tang
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
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11
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Liu Y, Shi X, Tian Y, Zhai S, Liu Y, Xiong Z, Chu S. An insight into novel therapeutic potentials of taxifolin. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1173855. [PMID: 37261284 PMCID: PMC10227600 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1173855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Taxifolin is a flavonoid compound, originally isolated from the bark of Douglas fir trees, which is often found in foods such as onions and olive oil, and is also used in commercial preparations, and has attracted the interest of nutritionists and medicinal chemists due to its broad range of health-promoting effects. It is a powerful antioxidant with excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and other pharmacological activities. This review focuses on the breakthroughs in taxifolin for the treatment of diseases from 2019 to 2022 according to various systems of the human body, such as the nervous system, immune system, and digestive system, and on the basis of this review, we summarize the problems of current research and try to suggest solutions and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaolu Shi
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shaobo Zhai
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuyan Liu
- Department of Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhengrong Xiong
- Polymer Composites Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Changchun, China
| | - Shunli Chu
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Liu Y, Nie X, Wang J, Zhao Z, Wang Z, Ju F. Visualizing the distribution of flavonoids in litchi ( Litchi chinenis) seeds through matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1144449. [PMID: 36909412 PMCID: PMC9998689 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1144449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are one of the most important bioactive components in litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) seeds and have broad-spectrum antiviral and antitumor activities. Litchi seeds have been shown to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells and induce apoptosis, particularly effective against breast and liver cancers. Elucidating the distribution of flavonoids is important for understanding their physiological and biochemical functions and facilitating their efficient extraction and utilization. However, the spatial distribution patterns and expression states of flavonoids in litchi seeds remain unclear. Herein, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) was used for in situ detection and imaging of the distribution of flavonoids in litchi seed tissue sections for the first time. Fifteen flavonoid ion signals, including liquiritigenin, apigenin, naringenin, luteolin, dihydrokaempferol, daidzein, quercetin, taxifolin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, myricetin, catechin, quercetin 3-β-d-glucoside, baicalin, and rutin, were successfully detected and imaged in situ through MALDI-MSI in the positive ion mode using 2-mercaptobenzothiazole as a matrix. The results clearly showed the heterogeneous distribution of flavonoids, indicating the potential of litchi seeds for flavonoid compound extraction. MALDI-MS-based multi-imaging enhanced the visualization of spatial distribution and expression states of flavonoids. Thus, apart from improving our understanding of the spatial distribution of flavonoids in litchi seeds, our findings also facilitate the development of MALDI-MSI-based metabolomics as a novel effective molecular imaging tool for evaluating the spatial distribution of endogenous compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Disease Center, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaofei Nie
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jilong Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenqi Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhimei Wang
- Department of Gynecological Neoplasms, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fang Ju
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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13
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Zhao J, Shi Y, Ma Y, Pan L, Wang Y, Yuan L, Dong J, Ying J. Chebulagic acid suppresses gastric cancer by inhibiting the AURKA/β-catenin/Wnt pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1143427. [PMID: 36937887 PMCID: PMC10014572 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1143427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant neoplasm that poses a serious threat to human health. Overexpression of Aurora A (AURKA) is frequently associated with the self-renewal and tumorigenicity of various cancers. Chebulagic acid (CA) has been examined as a potential tumor suppressor based on its ability against numerous tumor biological activities. However, the possible mechanisms of CA inhibition of the progression of GC by mediating the AURKA/β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathway have not been investigated. The present study investigated the level of AURKA expression in GC. We further examined the effect of CA on cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis in the MKN1 and NUGC3 GC cell lines, and its efficacy in suppressing tumor growth was assessed in tumor bearing mice model. We demonstrated that AURKA was highly expressed in GC and associated with poor prognosis. We demonstrated that treatment with CA significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of GC cells and induced apoptosis. Compared to the vehicle group, CA treatment severely diminished the volume and weight and the metastasis of tumors. CA also inhibited the expression of AURKA and the AURKA/β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, the present results demonstrated that high expression of AURKA may be an independent factor of poor prognosis in patients with GC, and CA significantly suppressed the tumor biological functions of GC and inhibited the AURKA/β-catenin/Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunfu Shi
- Oncology Department, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yubo Ma
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Libin Pan
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Li Yuan, ; Jinyun Dong, ; Jieer Ying,
| | - Jinyun Dong
- Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Li Yuan, ; Jinyun Dong, ; Jieer Ying,
| | - Jieer Ying
- Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Gastric Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Li Yuan, ; Jinyun Dong, ; Jieer Ying,
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Yang R, Yang X, Zhang F. New Perspectives of Taxifolin in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:2097-2109. [PMID: 36740800 PMCID: PMC10556370 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230203101107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), and Huntington's disease (HD) are characterized by cognitive and motor dysfunctions and neurodegeneration. These diseases have become more severe over time and cannot be cured currently. Until now, most treatments for these diseases are only used to relieve the symptoms. Taxifolin (TAX), 3,5,7,3,4-pentahydroxy flavanone, also named dihydroquercetin, is a compound derived primarily from Douglas fir and Larix gemelini. TAX has been confirmed to exhibit various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, anti-virus, and regulation of oxidative stress effects. In the central nervous system, TAX has been demonstrated to inhibit Aβ fibril formation, protect neurons and improve cerebral blood flow, cognitive ability, and dyskinesia. At present, TAX is only applied as a health additive in clinical practice. This review aimed to summarize the application of TAX in neurodegenerative diseases and the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms, such as suppressing inflammation, attenuating oxidative stress, preventing Aβ protein formation, maintaining dopamine levels, and thus reducing neuronal loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xinxing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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15
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Kang C, Jia L, Hao L, Zhang N, Liu Y, Zhang L. POM121 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer via PI3K/AKT/MYC pathway. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:485-497. [PMID: 36895982 PMCID: PMC9989611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear pore membrane protein 121 (POM121) is a part of the nuclear pore complex, which regulates intracellular signaling and maintains normal cellular functions. However, the role of POM121 in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect POM121 mRNA in 36 pairs of GC and adjacent non-tumor tissues. POM121 protein expression was determined by immunohistochemistry in 648 GC tissues and 121 normal gastric tissues. Connections between POM121 levels, clinicopathological parameters, and the prognosis of GC patients were explored. The influence of POM121 on proliferation, migration, and invasion was detected in vitro and vivo. The mechanism underlying the involvement of POM121 in GC progression was demonstrated via bioinformatics analysis and Western blot. Both the mRNA and protein levels of POM121 in GC tissues were higher than those in normal gastric tissues. High POM121 expression in GC was associated with deep invasion, advanced distant metastases and TNM stage, and positive HER2 expression. A negative connection was found between POM121 expression and the overall survival (OS) of GC patients. Downregulation of POM121 inhibited the proliferation, clone formation, migration, and invasion of GC cells, and overexpression of POM121 showed the opposite trend. POM121 promoted the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT pathway and increased the expression of MYC. In conclusion, this study suggested that POM121 has the potential to act as an independent prognostic factor for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyuan Kang
- Basic Medical Sciences College, Inner Mongolia Medical University Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lizhou Jia
- Central Laboratory, Bayannur Hospital Bayannur 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lei Hao
- Basic Medical Sciences College, Inner Mongolia Medical University Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Bayannur Hospital Bayannur 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Central Laboratory, Bayannur Hospital Bayannur 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lingli Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital Hohhot 010017, Inner Mongolia, China
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Isoquercitrin Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Immunogenic Cell Death in Gastric Cancer Cells. Biochem Genet 2022; 61:1128-1142. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10309-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Eriodictyol Suppresses Gastric Cancer Cells via Inhibition of PI3K/AKT Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121477. [PMID: 36558929 PMCID: PMC9788236 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is among the five most common malignancies worldwide. Traditional chemotherapy cannot efficiently treat the disease and faces the problems of side effects and chemoresistance. Polygoni orientalis Fructus (POF), with flavonoids as the main bioactive compounds, exerts anti-cancer potential. In this study, we compared the anti-GC effects of the main flavonoids from POF and investigated the anti-cancer effects of eriodictyol towards GC both in vitro and in vivo. CCK-8 assays were performed to examine the inhibitory effects of common flavonoids from POF on GC cell viability. Colony formation assays were used to determine cell proliferation after eriodictyol treatment. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed using flow cytometry. Induction of apoptosis was assessed with Annexin V/PI staining and measurement of related proteins. Anti-cancer effects in vivo were investigated using a xenograft mouse model. Potential targets of eriodictyol were clarified by network pharmacological analysis, evaluated by molecular docking, and validated with Western blotting. We found that eriodictyol exhibited the most effective inhibitory effect on cell viability of GC cells among the common flavonoids from POF including quercetin, taxifolin, and kaempferol. Eriodictyol suppressed colony formation of GC cells and induced cell apoptosis. The inhibitory effects of eriodictyol on tumor growth were also validated using a xenograft mouse model. Moreover, no obvious toxicity was identified with eriodictyol treatment. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that PI3K/AKT signaling ranked first among the anti-GC targets. The molecular docking model of eriodictyol and PI3K was constructed, and the binding energy was evaluated. Furthermore, efficient inhibition of phosphorylation and activation of PI3K/AKT by eriodictyol was validated in GC cells. Taken together, our results identify eriodictyol as the most effective anti-GC flavonoids from POF and the potential targets of eriodictyol in GC. These findings suggest that eriodictyol has the potential to be a natural source of anti-GC agents.
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COL8A1 Predicts the Clinical Prognosis of Gastric Cancer and Is Related to Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7567447. [PMID: 35774273 PMCID: PMC9239809 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7567447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common malignant tumor and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Because GC has the characteristics of high heterogeneity, unclear mechanism, limited treatment methods, and low five-year survival rate, it is necessary to find the prognostic biomarkers of GC and explore the mechanism of GC. Methods We first identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between gastric cancer and normal gastric cells through expression analysis. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to find tightly connected modules. We performed survival analysis on the DEGs in the modules to identify genes with prognostic significance. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to identify gene enrichment pathways. Finally, we used our own collected clinical samples of 119 gastric adenocarcinoma (STAD) tissues and 40 normal gastric tissues to perform immunohistochemical (IHC) staining to verify the differential expression of COL8A1 in STAD tissues and normal gastric tissues and its correlation with epithelial-mesenchymal transition- (EMT-) related factors. Results We identified 356 DEGs through differential expression analysis. Through PPI analysis and survival analysis, we determined that the collagen type VII alpha-1 chain (COL8A1) gene has prognostic significance. GSEA analysis showed that COL8A1 was significantly enriched in the EMT. IHC results showed that COL8A1 was upregulated in STAD tissues and could be used as an independent prognostic factor and was related to EMT. Conclusion This study shows that COL8A1 is related to the prognosis of GC patients and might affect the progress of GC through the EMT pathway. Therefore, COL8A1 may be a biomarker for predicting the prognosis of GC.
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