1
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Feinberg AP, Levchenko A. Epigenetics as a mediator of plasticity in cancer. Science 2023; 379:eaaw3835. [PMID: 36758093 PMCID: PMC10249049 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw3835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The concept of an epigenetic landscape describing potential cellular fates arising from pluripotent cells, first advanced by Conrad Waddington, has evolved in light of experiments showing nondeterministic outcomes of regulatory processes and mathematical methods for quantifying stochasticity. In this Review, we discuss modern approaches to epigenetic and gene regulation landscapes and the associated ideas of entropy and attractor states, illustrating how their definitions are both more precise and relevant to understanding cancer etiology and the plasticity of cancerous states. We address the interplay between different types of regulatory landscapes and how their changes underlie cancer progression. We also consider the roles of cellular aging and intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli in modulating cellular states and how landscape alterations can be quantitatively mapped onto phenotypic outcomes and thereby used in therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Feinberg
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University Schools of Medicine, Biomedical Engineering, and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Andre Levchenko
- Yale Systems Biology Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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2
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Ballout F, Lu H, Chen Z, Hu T, Chen L, Washington MK, El-Rifai W, Peng D. Targeting NRF2 Sensitizes Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cells to Cisplatin through Induction of Ferroptosis and Apoptosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1859. [PMID: 36290582 PMCID: PMC9598457 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), the predominant type of esophageal cancer in the United States, develops through Barrett's esophagus (BE)-dysplasia-carcinoma cascade. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, where acidic bile salts refluxate into the esophagus, is the main risk factor for the development of BE and its progression to EAC. The NFE2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is the master cellular antioxidant regulator. We detected high NRF2 protein levels in the EAC cell lines and primary tissues. Knockdown of NRF2 significantly enhanced acidic bile salt-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inhibited EAC cell growth. Brusatol, an NRF2 inhibitor, significantly inhibited NRF2 transcriptional activity and downregulated the NRF2 target genes. We discovered that in addition to inducing apoptosis, Brusatol alone or in combination with cisplatin (CDDP) induced significant lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis, as evidenced by reduced xCT and GPX4 expression, two known ferroptosis markers. The combination of Brusatol and CDDP significantly inhibited EAC tumor xenograft growth in vivo and confirmed the in vitro data showing ferroptosis as an important mechanism in the tumors treated with Brusatol or Brusatol and CDDP combination. Our data support the role of NRF2 in protecting against stress-induced apoptosis and ferroptosis in EACs. Targeting NRF2 in combination with platinum therapy can be an effective strategy for eliminating cancer cells in EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Ballout
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Heng Lu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Tianling Hu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Mary Kay Washington
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Dunfa Peng
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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3
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Kuo YZ, Kang YR, Chang WL, Sim LCL, Hsieh TC, Chang CH, Wang YC, Tsai CJ, Huang LC, Tsai ST, Wu LW. YAP1 acts as a negative regulator of pro-tumor TAZ expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Oncol 2022; 45:893-909. [PMID: 35930163 PMCID: PMC9579103 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although YAP1 and TAZ are believed to be equivalent downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, differential expression of YAP1 or TAZ suggests distinct functions during cancer progression. The exact role of YAP1 and TAZ in esophageal cancer, the 6th leading cancer-related mortality in the world, remains elusive. Methods Following single or double manipulation of YAP1 or TAZ expression, we subjected these manipulated cells to proliferation, migration, invasion, and xenograft tumorigenesis assays. We used RT-qPCR and Western blotting to examine their expression in the manipulated cells with or without inhibition of transcription or translation. We also examined the impact of YAP1 or TAZ deregulation on clinical outcome of esophageal cancer patients from the TCGA database. Results We found that YAP1 functions as a tumor suppressor whereas TAZ exerts pro-tumor functions in esophageal cancer cells. We also found a significant increase in TAZ mRNA expression upon YAP1 depletion, but not vice versa, despite the downregulation of CTGF and CYR61, shared targets of YAP1 and TAZ, in xenografted tissue cells. In addition to transcriptional regulation, YAP1-mediated TAZ expression was found to occur via protein synthesis. Restored TAZ expression mitigated YAP1-mediated suppression of cellular behavior. By contrast, TAZ silencing reduced the promoting effect exerted by YAP1 depletion on cellular behaviors. The observed anti-tumor function of YAP1 was further supported by a better overall survival among esophageal cancer patients with a high YAP1 expression. Conclusion From our data we conclude that YAP1 functions as a suppressor and negatively regulates pro-tumor TAZ expression via transcriptional and translational control in esophageal cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13402-022-00695-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zih Kuo
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Rong Kang
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Lun Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Lydia Chin-Ling Sim
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tzu-Chin Hsieh
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chu-Han Chang
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ching Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Jung Tsai
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Li-Chun Huang
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Sen-Tien Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Li-Wha Wu
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Department of Laboratory Science and Technology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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4
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Davoodvandi A, Fallahi F, Tamtaji OR, Tajiknia V, Banikazemi Z, Fathizadeh H, Abbasi-Kolli M, Aschner M, Ghandali M, Sahebkar A, Taghizadeh M, Mirzaei H. An Update on the Effects of Probiotics on Gastrointestinal Cancers. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:680400. [PMID: 34992527 PMCID: PMC8724544 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.680400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of their increasing prevalence, gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are regarded as an important global health challenge. Microorganisms residing in the human GI tract, termed gut microbiota, encompass a large number of living organisms. The role of the gut in the regulation of the gut-mediated immune responses, metabolism, absorption of micro- and macro-nutrients and essential vitamins, and short-chain fatty acid production, and resistance to pathogens has been extensively investigated. In the past few decades, it has been shown that microbiota imbalance is associated with the susceptibility to various chronic disorders, such as obesity, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, psychiatric disorders, and various types of cancer. Emerging evidence has shown that oral administration of various strains of probiotics can protect against cancer development. Furthermore, clinical investigations suggest that probiotic administration in cancer patients decreases the incidence of postoperative inflammation. The present review addresses the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of action of probiotics against GI cancers. The safety of the most commercial probiotic strains has been confirmed, and therefore these strains can be used as adjuvant or neo-adjuvant treatments for cancer prevention and improving the efficacy of therapeutic strategies. Nevertheless, well-designed clinical studies are still needed for a better understanding of the properties and mechanisms of action of probiotic strains in mitigating GI cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Davoodvandi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Fallahi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Omid Reza Tamtaji
- Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vida Tajiknia
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zarrin Banikazemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hadis Fathizadeh
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan Faculty of Medicine Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbasi-Kolli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Maryam Ghandali
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Taghizadeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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5
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Huët MAL, Lee CZ, Rahman S. A review on association of fungi with the development and progression of carcinogenesis in the human body. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2021; 3:100090. [PMID: 34917994 PMCID: PMC8666644 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role and impact of commensal and pathogenic fungi in different parts of the human body are being increasingly appreciated, unveiling the importance of such microorganisms in human health. A key function is the involvement of the mycobiota in cross-kingdom interactions within the microbiome. Any disturbance in the functionality of the microbiota could alter metabolic reactions, have a negative impact on homeostasis or induce diseases. The association of fungi with cancer development is the focus of this review. Several studies have reported direct or indirect involvement of fungal pathogens and mycobiome dysbiosis in induction of carcinogenesis. Most studies focused on cancers of the gastrointestinal tract. However, researchers are now investigating other organs, such as the skin, where the significant results obtained confirm the involvement of fungal pathogens and administration of antifungal drugs in development of cancer. This review gives an overview of the different organs affected and describes the mechanisms used by these eukaryotes or antifungals to induce oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Andrea Laetitia Huët
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway,Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Chuen Zhang Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway,Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Sadequr Rahman
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway,Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia.,Tropical Medicine and Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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6
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Guo CR, Mao Y, Jiang F, Juan CX, Zhou GP, Li N. Computational detection of a genome instability-derived lncRNA signature for predicting the clinical outcome of lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Med 2021; 11:864-879. [PMID: 34866362 PMCID: PMC8817082 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence has been emerging of the importance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in genome instability. However, no study has established how to classify such lncRNAs linked to genomic instability, and whether that connection poses a therapeutic significance. Here, we established a computational frame derived from mutator hypothesis by combining profiles of lncRNA expression and those of somatic mutations in a tumor genome, and identified 185 candidate lncRNAs associated with genomic instability in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Through further studies, we established a six lncRNA-based signature, which assigned patients to the high- and low-risk groups with different prognosis. Further validation of this signature was performed in a number of separate cohorts of LUAD patients. In addition, the signature was found closely linked to genomic mutation rates in patients, indicating it could be a useful way to quantify genomic instability. In summary, this research offered a novel method by through which more studies may explore the function of lncRNAs and presented a possible new way for detecting biomarkers associated with genomic instability in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Rui Guo
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yan Mao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Neonatology,, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen-Xia Juan
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guo-Ping Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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7
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Marabotto E, Pellegatta G, Sheijani AD, Ziola S, Zentilin P, De Marzo MG, Giannini EG, Ghisa M, Barberio B, Scarpa M, Angriman I, Fassan M, Savarino V, Savarino E. Prevention Strategies for Esophageal Cancer-An Expert Review. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092183. [PMID: 34062788 PMCID: PMC8125297 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In the last decades, there has been a rapid increase in the incidence and prevalence of esophageal cancer in many countries around the world. Although several important risk factors have been identified, strong evidence-based preventive strategies are still lacking, and the prognosis of patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer remains poor, with an average survival rate of 5 years for only 20%. This review is an attempt to summarize the epidemiology and risk factors of EC and to highlight the unresolved aspects of current prevention strategies in order to plan more fruitful future initiatives aimed at ameliorating the disappointing prognosis of this kind of digestive tumor. Abstract In the last 30 years, we have witnessed a rapid increase in the incidence and prevalence of esophageal cancer in many countries around the word. However, despite advancements in diagnostic technologies, the early detection of this cancer is rare, and its prognosis remains poor, with only about 20% of these patients surviving for 5 years. The two major forms are the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), which is particularly frequent in the so-called Asian belt, and the esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), which prevails in Western populations. This review provides a summary of the epidemiological features and risk factors associated with these tumors. Moreover, a major focus is posed on reporting and highlighting the various preventing strategies proposed by the most important international scientific societies, particularly in high-risk populations, with the final aim of detecting these lesions as early as possible and therefore favoring their definite cure. Indeed, we have conducted analysis with attention to the current primary, secondary and tertiary prevention guidelines in both ESCC and EAC, attempting to emphasize unresolved research and clinical problems related to these topics in order to improve our diagnostic strategies and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Marabotto
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.M.); (A.D.S.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.); (M.G.D.M.); (E.G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Gaia Pellegatta
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | - Afscin Djahandideh Sheijani
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.M.); (A.D.S.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.); (M.G.D.M.); (E.G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Sebastiano Ziola
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.M.); (A.D.S.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.); (M.G.D.M.); (E.G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Patrizia Zentilin
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.M.); (A.D.S.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.); (M.G.D.M.); (E.G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Maria Giulia De Marzo
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.M.); (A.D.S.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.); (M.G.D.M.); (E.G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Edoardo Giovanni Giannini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.M.); (A.D.S.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.); (M.G.D.M.); (E.G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Matteo Ghisa
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Brigida Barberio
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Marco Scarpa
- Clinica Chirurgica 1, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Imerio Angriman
- Clinica Chirurgica 1, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Savarino
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.M.); (A.D.S.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.); (M.G.D.M.); (E.G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Edoardo Savarino
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.G.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Ahmed S, Kreft A, Chowdhury EH, Hossain SM, Galle PR, Neumann H. Molecular endoscopic imaging for the detection of Barrett's metaplasia using biodegradable inorganic nanoparticles: An ex-vivo pilot study on human tissue. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239814. [PMID: 33002048 PMCID: PMC7529275 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Despite major technical advancements, endoscopic surveillance for detecting premalignant lesions in Barrett's esophagus is challenging because of their flat appearance with only subtle morphological changes. Molecular endoscopic imaging (MEI) using nanoparticles (NPs), coupled with fluorescently labeled antibody permits visualization of disease-specific molecular alterations. The aim of this ex vivo study was to assess the diagnostic applicability of MEI with NPs to detect Barrett's metaplasia. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seven patients undergoing endoscopic surveillance of known Barrett's esophagus were recruited. Freshly resected biopsy specimens were incubated with NPs coupled with FITC labeled Muc-2 antibodies and examined with MEI. Fluorescence intensity from Barrett's mucosa and control specimens were compared, followed by histological confirmation. RESULTS Fluorescence signals, indicating the presence of goblet cells, were noted for traditional MEI using Muc-2 antibodies in Barrett's intestinal metaplasia. Significantly stronger fluorescence signals were achieved with NPs coupled with FITC-conjugated Muc-2 antibodies. The results of MEI with NPs for the prediction of Barrett's metaplasia correlated with the final histopathological examination in all the cases. CONCLUSIONS Highly-specific NPs detected Barrett's metaplasia more efficiently than conventional MEI in this first feasibility study. MEI was as effective as standard histopathology for identifying Muc-2 containing goblet cells for diagnosis of Barrett's metaplasia. (DRKS-ID: DRKS00017747).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakil Ahmed
- Inner Medicine, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Kreft
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ezharul Hoque Chowdhury
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Sultana Mehbuba Hossain
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Peter R. Galle
- Inner Medicine, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Helmut Neumann
- Inner Medicine, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
- * E-mail:
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9
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Correia ACP, Calpe S, Mostafavi N, Hoefnagel SJM, Sancho-Serra MDC, de Koning PS, Krishnadath KK. Detection of circulating BMP5 as a risk factor for Barrett's esophagus. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15579. [PMID: 32968094 PMCID: PMC7511298 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70760-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Barrett's esophagus (BE) predisposes for the malignant condition of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Since BE patients have few or no symptoms, most of these patients are not identified and not included in surveillance programs. These BE patients are at risk of developing advanced-stage EAC. At present, non-invasive tests to identify BE patients from the general population are lacking. We and others showed that Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP4), and other BMPs are upregulated in BE. We aimed to determine if circulating BMPs can be identified and used as blood biomarkers to identify BE patients at high risk in the general population. In this study, we could detect the different BMPs in the blood of 112 BE patients and 134 age- and sex-matched controls. Concentration levels of BMP2, BMP4, and BMP5 were elevated in BE patients, with BMP2 and BMP5 significantly increased. BMP5 remained significant after multivariate analysis and was associated with an increased risk for BE with an OR of 1.49 (p value 0.01). Per log (pg/mL) of BMP5, the odds of having BE increased by 50%. Future optimization and validation studies might be needed to prove its utility as a non-invasive method for the detection of BE in high-risk populations and screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C P Correia
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia Calpe
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nahid Mostafavi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Subdivision Statistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Johanna Maria Hoefnagel
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Del Carmen Sancho-Serra
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Patricia S de Koning
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kausilia K Krishnadath
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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10
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FANCD2 Confers a Malignant Phenotype in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Regulating Cell Cycle Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092545. [PMID: 32906798 PMCID: PMC7565464 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia patients with germline genetic defects in FANCD2 are highly susceptible to cancers. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a deadly cancer. Little is known about the function of FANCD2 in ESCC. For detailed molecular and mechanistic insights on the functional role of FANCD2 in ESCC, in vivo and in vitro assays and RNA sequencing approaches were used. Utilizing Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR) technology, FANCD2 knockout models were established to examine the functional impact in mouse models for tumor growth and metastasis and in vitro assays for cell growth, cell cycle, and cellular localization. Our RNA sequence analyses were integrated with public datasets. FANCD2 confers a malignant phenotype in ESCC. FANCD2 is significantly upregulated in ESCC tumors, as compared to normal counterparts. Depletion of FANCD2 protein expression significantly suppresses the cancer cell proliferation and tumor colony formation and metastasis potential, as well as cell cycle progression, by involving cyclin-CDK and ATR/ATM signaling. FANCD2 translocates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm during cell cycle progression. We provide evidence of a novel role of FANCD2 in ESCC tumor progression and its potential usefulness as a biomarker for ESCC disease management.
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Lindenmann J, Fediuk M, Fink-Neuboeck N, Porubsky C, Pichler M, Brcic L, Anegg U, Balic M, Dandachi N, Maier A, Smolle M, Smolle J, Smolle-Juettner FM. Hazard Curves for Tumor Recurrence and Tumor-Related Death Following Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082066. [PMID: 32726927 PMCID: PMC7466063 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The knowledge of both patterns and risk of relapse following resection for esophageal cancer is crucial for establishing appropriate surveillance schedules. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pattern of hazards for tumor recurrence and tumor-related death in the postoperative long-term follow-up after esophagectomy. METHODS Retrospective single-center analysis of 362 patients, with resected esophageal cancer. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used. RESULTS A total of 192 (53%) had postoperative tumor recurrence. The relapse patterns of adenocarcinoma and squamous-cell carcinoma showed that each had a single peak, 12 months after surgery. After induction there was one peak at 5 months, the non-induced patients peaked 11 months, postoperatively. At 18 months, the recurrence hazard declined sharply in all cases. The hazard curves for tumor-related death were bimodal for adenocarcinoma, with two peaks at 6 and 22 months and one single peak for squamous-cell carcinoma at 18 months after surgery, showing pronounced decline later on. CONCLUSION In curatively resected esophageal cancer, both tumor recurrence hazard and hazard for tumor-related death showed distinct, partly bimodal patterns. It could be justified to intensify the surveillance during the first two postoperative years by initiating a close-meshed follow-up to detect and treat tumor recurrence, as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Lindenmann
- Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.F.); (N.F.-N.); (C.P.); (U.A.); (A.M.); (F.M.S.-J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-316-385-13302; Fax: +43-316-385-14679
| | - Melanie Fediuk
- Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.F.); (N.F.-N.); (C.P.); (U.A.); (A.M.); (F.M.S.-J.)
| | - Nicole Fink-Neuboeck
- Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.F.); (N.F.-N.); (C.P.); (U.A.); (A.M.); (F.M.S.-J.)
| | - Christian Porubsky
- Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.F.); (N.F.-N.); (C.P.); (U.A.); (A.M.); (F.M.S.-J.)
| | - Martin Pichler
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.B.); (N.D.)
| | - Luka Brcic
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Udo Anegg
- Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.F.); (N.F.-N.); (C.P.); (U.A.); (A.M.); (F.M.S.-J.)
| | - Marija Balic
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.B.); (N.D.)
| | - Nadia Dandachi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.B.); (N.D.)
| | - Alfred Maier
- Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.F.); (N.F.-N.); (C.P.); (U.A.); (A.M.); (F.M.S.-J.)
| | - Maria Smolle
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Josef Smolle
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Freyja Maria Smolle-Juettner
- Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.F.); (N.F.-N.); (C.P.); (U.A.); (A.M.); (F.M.S.-J.)
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12
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Sang C, Chao C, Wang M, Zhang Y, Luo G, Zhang X. Identification and validation of hub microRNAs dysregulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:9807-9824. [PMID: 32412911 PMCID: PMC7288914 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide, and its morbidity is exacerbated by the lack of early symptoms. Bioinformatics analyses enable discovery of differentially expressed genes and non-protein-coding RNAs of potential prognostic and/or therapeutic relevance in ESCC and other cancers. Using bioinformatics tools, we searched for dysregulated miRNAs in two ESCC microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After identification of three upregulated and five downregulated miRNAs shared between databases, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was used to identify the top 10 hub-gene targets. Thereafter, a miRNA-gene interaction network predicted that most hub genes are regulated by miR-196a-5p and miR-1-3p, which are respectively upregulated and downregulated in ESCC. Functional enrichment analyses in the GO and KEGG databases indicated the potential involvement of these miRNAs in tumorigenesis-related processes and pathways, while both differential expression and correlation with T stage were demonstrated for each miRNA in a cohort of ESCC patients. Overexpression showed that miR-196a-5p increased, whereas miR-1-3p attenuated, proliferation and invasion in human ESCC cell lines grown in vitro. These findings suggest miR-196a-5p and miR-1-3p jointly contribute to ESCC tumorigenesis and are potential targets for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Sang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Ce Chao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Youpu Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Guanghua Luo
- Comprehensive Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
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HERES, a lncRNA that regulates canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling pathways via interaction with EZH2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:24620-24629. [PMID: 31732666 PMCID: PMC6900598 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1912126116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant lncRNA expression is responsible for cancer progression and metastasis, positioning lncRNAs not only as biomarkers but also as promising therapeutic targets for curing cancer. A number of lncRNAs have been reported in ESCC but their mechanistic roles largely remain unknown. Wnt signaling pathways are often dysregulated in ESCC; however, the role of lncRNAs in such dysregulation was also undetermined. We found 6 lncRNAs that are significantly dysregulated and correlated with outcomes in ESCC patients. The most upregulated lncRNA, HERES, promotes cancer progression and epigenetically regulates canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling pathways simultaneously through interaction with EZH2. These results show that HERES represents an early diagnostic and therapeutic target for squamous-cell-type cancers caused by defects in Wnt signaling pathways. Wnt signaling through both canonical and noncanonical pathways plays a core role in development. Dysregulation of these pathways often causes cancer development and progression. Although the pathways independently contribute to the core processes, a regulatory molecule that commonly activates both of them has not yet been reported. Here, we describe a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), HERES, that epigenetically regulates both canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling pathways in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). For this study, we performed RNA-seq analysis on Korean ESCC patients and validated these results on a larger ESCC cohort to identify lncRNAs commonly dysregulated in ESCCs. Six of the dysregulated lncRNAs were significantly associated with the clinical outcomes of ESCC patients and defined 4 ESCC subclasses with different prognoses. HERES reduction repressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation in ESCC cell lines and tumor growth in xenograft models. HERES appears to be a transacting factor that regulates CACNA2D3, SFRP2, and CXXC4 simultaneously to activate Wnt signaling pathways through an interaction with EZH2 via its G-quadruple structure-like motif. Our results suggest that HERES holds substantial potential as a therapeutic target for ESCC and probably other cancers caused by defects in Wnt signaling pathways.
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14
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Zhao Y, Wang N, Zhang X, Liu H, Yang S. LncRNA ZEB1-AS1 down-regulation suppresses the proliferation and invasion by inhibiting ZEB1 expression in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:8206-8218. [PMID: 31638344 PMCID: PMC6850966 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies have unveiled that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a pivotal role in tumour progression and metastasis. However, the biological role of lncRNA ZEB1‐AS1 in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains under investigation, and thus, the current study was to investigate the functions of ZEB1‐AS1 in proliferation and invasion of ESCC. Here, we discovered that ZEB1‐AS1 and ZEB1 were markedly up‐regulated in ESCC tissues and cells relative to their corresponding normal control. ZEB1‐AS1 and ZEB1 overexpressions were both related to TNM staging and lymph node metastasis as well as poor prognosis in ESCC. The hypomethylation of ZEB1‐AS1 promoter triggered ZEB1‐AS1 overexpression in ESCC tissues and cells. In addition, ZEB1‐AS1 knockdown mediated by siRNA markedly suppressed the proliferation and invasion in vitro in EC9706 and TE1 cells, which was similar with ZEB1 siRNA treatment, coupled with EMT alterations including the up‐regulation of E‐cadherin level as well as the down‐regulation of N‐cadherin and vimentin levels. Notably, ZEB1‐AS1 depletion dramatically down‐regulated ZEB1 expression in EC9706 and TE1 cells, and ZEB1 overexpression obviously reversed the inhibitory effects of proliferation and invasion triggered by ZEB1‐AS1 siRNA. ZEB1‐AS1 shRNA evidently inhibited tumour growth and weight, whereas ZEB1 elevation partly recovered the tumour growth in ESCC EC9706 and TE1 xenografted nude mice. In conclusion, ZEB1‐AS1 overexpression is tightly involved in the development and progression of ESCC, and it exerts the antitumour efficacy by regulating ZEB1 level in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaosan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shujun Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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15
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Suo C, Qing T, Liu Z, Yang X, Yuan Z, Yang YJ, Fan M, Zhang T, Lu M, Jin L, Chen X, Ye W. Differential Cumulative Risk of Genetic Polymorphisms in Familial and Nonfamilial Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 28:2014-2021. [PMID: 31562207 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the relationship between family history of esophageal cancer, SNPs, and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), we performed a population-based case-control study and developed a genetic family history-related risk (GFR) score and non-family history-related risk (GnFR) score to quantify the cumulative number of risk genotypes carried by each individual. METHODS We used data of 700 patients with nonfamilial ESCC, 341 patients with familial ESCC, 1,445 controls without a family history of esophageal cancer, and 319 controls with a family history. We genotyped 87 genetic variants associated with the risk for ESCC, and constructed GFR and GnFR scores for cases and controls. RESULTS Our results show that ESCC risk increased with higher GFR score (P trend = 0.0096). Among the familial subgroup, we observed a nearly 7-fold [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.92-24.77] higher risk of ESCC in the highest GFR score group. The corresponding estimate was only 2-fold (95% CI, 1.41-3.93) higher risk of ESCC, in the stratum without a reported family history of esophageal cancer. Certain cell signaling pathways and immune-related pathways were enriched, specifically in familial ESCC. Results from a reconstructed cohort analysis demonstrated that cumulative risk to get esophageal cancer by age 75 years was 13.3%, 10.2%, 8.2%, and 5.1%, respectively, in four subgroups as defined by first-degree relatives of cases or controls with high or low genetic risk score. In particular, the cohort of relatives of ESCC cases with low genetic risk score exhibit a higher cumulative risk than the cohort of relatives of controls with high genetic risk score. It demonstrates that environmental factors play a major role in esophageal cancer. CONCLUSIONS Further studies are warranted to dissect the mechanisms of shared environmental and genetic susceptibility affecting the risk of getting ESCC. IMPACT Our study highlights that the need of preventive strategies to screen certain genetic polymorphisms, especially in individuals whose relatives had ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Suo
- Department of Epidemiology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China
| | - Tao Qing
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhenqiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ziyu Yuan
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China
| | - Ya-Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China
| | - Min Fan
- Taixing Disease Control and Prevention Center, Taizhou, China
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China. .,Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingdong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weimin Ye
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Burden of Esophageal Cancer According to World Health Organization Regions: Review of Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. HEALTH SCOPE 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/jhealthscope.64984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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NRF2 antioxidant response protects against acidic bile salts-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage in esophageal cells. Cancer Lett 2019; 458:46-55. [PMID: 31132430 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the main risk factor for Barrett's tumorigenesis. In this study, we investigated the role of NRF2 in response to exposure to acidic bile salts (ABS), in conditions that mimic GERD, using Barrett's esophagus cell models. We detected an increase in NRF2 protein levels, following exposure to ABS. We found oxidization of cysteines (cysteines with oxidized thiol groups) in KEAP1 protein with a weaker interaction between NRF2 and KEAP1, following ABS exposure. Treatment with bile salts increased nuclear NRF2 levels, enhancing its transcription activity, as measured by an ARE (antioxidant response element) luciferase reporter assay. The mRNA expression levels of NRF2 target genes, HO-1 and GR, were increased in response to ABS exposure. Using genetic overexpression and knockdown of NRF2, we found that NRF2 has a critical role in suppressing ABS-induced ROS levels, oxidative DNA damage, DNA double strand breaks, and apoptosis. Collectively, our results suggest that transient induction of NRF2 in response to ABS plays a pivotal role in protecting esophageal cells by maintaining the levels of oxidative stress and DNA damage below lethal levels under GERD conditions.
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Naffouje SA, Salloum RH, Khalaf Z, Salti GI. Outcomes of Open Versus Minimally Invasive Ivor-Lewis Esophagectomy for Cancer: A Propensity-Score Matched Analysis of NSQIP Database. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:2001-2010. [PMID: 30927192 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-07319-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We conducted this analysis to compare the outcomes of open transthoracic esophagectomy (OTTE) and minimally invasive transthoracic esophagectomy (MITTE) when performed for oncologic indications. METHODS The NSQIP esophagectomy-targeted database during 2-year period was used. Only patients who underwent elective TTE for oncologic indications were included. Patients were matched per a propensity score for the likelihood of receiving OTTE versus MITTE. RESULTS Overall, 2098 esophagectomies were reported; 576 met the inclusion criteria. A total of 161 purely OTTE patients were matched 1:1 with patients who received purely MITTE. OTTE was associated with higher reported rates of abdominal and mediastinal lymphadenectomies (LAD) (26.7% vs. 3.1% and 38.5% vs. 16.1%, respectively; p < 0.001) and had shorter mean operative time (329 vs. 414 min; p < 0.001). However, OTTE patients had higher rates of wound infection (7.5% vs. 1.9%), longer median hospitalization (10 vs. 8 days), more non-home discharges (18.0 vs. 8.1%), and a tendency toward higher rates of postoperative transfusion (13.0% vs. 6.8%; p = 0.092). The overall complications rate was higher in OTTE (46.0% vs. 33.5%; p = 0.028). No difference was noted in the rates of anastomotic leak, negative margins, reoperation, readmission, or mortality. Laparoscopic versus robotic approaches were uniformly comparable, except for higher rates of reported abdominal LAD in laparoscopic and higher rates of reported mediastinal LAD in robotic approach. CONCLUSIONS MITTE is comparable to OTTE for oncologic indications in immediate postoperative outcomes. A concern is raised regarding the oncologic outcome given the lower reported rates of lymphadenectomies. Comparison of long-term outcomes is essential to address this concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer A Naffouje
- Department of General Surgery, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Rony H Salloum
- Department of General Surgery, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zaynab Khalaf
- University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - George I Salti
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Edward Hospital Cancer Center, Naperville, IL, USA
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Complex structural rearrangements are present in high-grade dysplastic Barrett's oesophagus samples. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:31. [PMID: 30717762 PMCID: PMC6360790 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) incidence is increasing and has a poor survival rate. Barrett’s oesophagus (BE) is a precursor condition that is associated with EAC and often occurs in conjunction with chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux, however many individuals diagnosed with BE never progress to cancer. An understanding of the genomic features of BE and EAC may help with the early identification of at-risk individuals. Methods In this study, we assessed the genomic features of 16 BE samples using whole-genome sequencing. These included non-dysplastic samples collected at two time-points from two BE patients who had not progressed to EAC over several years. Seven other non-dysplastic samples and five dysplastic BE samples with high-grade dysplasia were also examined. We compared the genome profiles of these 16 BE samples with 22 EAC samples. Results We observed that samples from the two non-progressor individuals had low numbers of somatic single nucleotide variants, indels and structural variation events compared to dysplastic and the remaining non-dysplastic BE. EAC had the highest level of somatic genomic variations. Mutational signature 17, which is common in EAC, was also present in non-dysplastic and dysplastic BE, but was not present in the non-progressors. Many dysplastic samples had mutations in genes previously reported in EAC, whereas only mutations in CDKN2A or in the fragile site genes appeared common in non-dysplastic samples. Rearrangement signatures were used to identify a signature associated with localised complex events such as chromothripsis and breakage fusion-bridge that are characteristic of EACs. Two dysplastic BE samples had a high contribution of this signature and contained evidence of localised rearrangements. Two other dysplastic samples also had regions of localised structural rearrangements. There was no evidence for complex events in non-dysplastic samples. Conclusions The presence of complex localised rearrangements in dysplastic samples indicates a need for further investigations into the role such events play in the progression from BE to EAC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12920-019-0476-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Smith CI, Siggel-King MRF, Ingham J, Harrison P, Martin DS, Varro A, Pritchard DM, Surman M, Barrett S, Weightman P. Application of a quantum cascade laser aperture scanning near-field optical microscope to the study of a cancer cell. Analyst 2019; 143:5912-5917. [PMID: 30191233 DOI: 10.1039/c8an01183d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the first images obtained by combining an infrared aperture scanning near-field optical microscope (SNOM) with a quantum cascade laser (QCL). The future potential of this set-up is demonstrated by a preliminary study on an OE33 human oesophageal adenocarcinoma cell in which the cell is imaged at 1751 cm-1, 1651 cm-1, 1539 cm-1 and 1242 cm-1. In addition to the 1651 cm-1 image, three other images were acquired within the Amide I band (1689 cm-1, 1675 cm-1 and 1626 cm-1) chosen to correspond to secondary structures of proteins. The four images obtained within the Amide I band show distinct differences demonstrating the potential of this approach to reveal subtle changes in the chemical composition of a cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline I Smith
- Department of Physics, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, UK.
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The Comparison of the Advantages of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy versus Postoperative Chemoradiotherapy: Outcomes in Esophageal Cancer Patients. J Gastrointest Cancer 2018; 49:50-56. [PMID: 28025816 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-016-9899-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common type of cancer worldwide. For the treatment of which, surgical intervention alone or with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy is recommended. In this study, we aimed to compare the benefits of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS We collected data regarding 325 patients admitted for esophageal cancer to Qaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, during 2006-2016. The participants were divided into two groups of neoadjuvant and postoperative adjuvant therapies. Chi-square, McNemar, Kaplan-Mayer, and multivariate regression tests were performed using SPSS. RESULTS Gender, age, stage of the disease, tumor grade and location, disease histopathology, and the recurrence showed no significant differences between the two groups (P ˃ 0.05), but there was a significant association between the two types of treatment in terms of postoperative complications (P = 0.03). We followed up 147 patients postoperatively and found no significant differences between the groups (P ˃ 0.05). CONCLUSION No conclusion can be drawn on whether there are any advantages in adjuvant chemoradiotherapy over neoadjuvant approaches. Further confirmatory trials, particularly randomized trials, are necessary before any recommendations can be made.
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Burden of esophageal cancer in Iran during 1995-2015: Review of findings from the Global Burden of Disease studies. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2018; 32:55. [PMID: 30175081 PMCID: PMC6113580 DOI: 10.14196/mjiri.32.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Iran is located in Asian esophageal cancer belt, with age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) of approximately 7 per 100,000 for both men and women. To provide potential solution recommendations for achieving accurate estimations regarding the burden of the disease in Iran, we designed a study to assess the burden of esophageal cancer in Iran during 1995-2015 by collecting data from the Global Burden of Disease studies.
Methods: Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) during 1995-2015, which were published by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. For this purpose, disability adjusted life years (DALYs), incidence, and prevalence rate were applied to report burden of esophageal cancer based on gender and age group in Iran during 1995-2015. The Cochran-Armitage and t test were used to assess statistical significance. Stata Version 13 and Excel 2016 were used for data analysis.
Results: During 1995-2015, in total, 304 102 DALYs (179 562 for males vs. 124 540 for females) were attributed to esophageal cancer in Iran. In both genders and all ages, the number of DALYs increased significantly from 45 018 in 1995 to 74 399 in 2015.
Conclusion: Esophageal cancer is still a public health issue in Iran. Most of DALYs were due to years of life lost (YLL), suggesting the need for prevention, early detection, and screening programs. P-value was statistically significant just between male and female groups (p<0.05).
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Zhao Y, Ma K, Yang S, Zhang X, Wang F, Zhang X, Liu H, Fan Q. MicroRNA-125a-5p enhances the sensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells to cisplatin by suppressing the activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:644-658. [PMID: 29767234 PMCID: PMC6017156 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) play a variety of roles in tumor development, progression and chemosensitivity in a wide range of tumors. In this study, we found that miR-125a-5p exhibited a low expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues and cells, and that its low expression was associated with higher tumor staging and shorter a survival time of patients with ESCC. Moreover, miR-125a-5p overexpression contributed to the suppression of cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, cell apoptosis and a decrease in cell migratory and invasive abilities, whereas the downregulation of miR-125a-5p promoted cell proliferation, accelerated cell cycle progression, suppressed apoptosis and enhanced the migratory and invasive abilities of ESCC EC1 and TE1 cells, which may be tightly associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in ESCC. Importantly, miR-125a-5p enhanced the cytotoxic effects of cisplatin on EC1 and TE1 cells, and co-treatment with miR-125a-5p and cisplatin significantly induced cell apoptosis and reduced the cell migratory and invasive abilities of EC1 and TE1 cells, coupled with an increase in the E-cadherin level and a decrease in the N-cadherin and Vimentin levels. Most notably, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) was found to be a direct target of miR-125a-5p in ESCC cells, and miR-125a-5p overexpression significantly reduced the protein levels of t-STAT3, p-STAT3 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in EC1 and TE1 cells. Furthermore, the combination of miR-125a-5p and cisplatin markedly inactivated the STAT3 signaling pathway; however, interleukin (IL)-6, a widely reported activator of the STAT3 signaling pathway, reversed the suppressive effects of miR-125a-5p/cisplatin in ESCC cells on the activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway. Of note, we found that IL-6 markedly reversed the altered cell phenotype mediated by the combination of miR-125a-5p and cisplatin in ESCC cells. These findings suggest that miR-125a-5p may play a pivotal role in the development and progression of ESCC, which may be achieved via the manipulation of the STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Ke Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Shujun Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaosan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xiaqing Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Qingxia Fan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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He H, Buehler A, Bozhko D, Jian X, Cui Y, Ntziachristos V. Importance of Ultrawide Bandwidth for Optoacoustic Esophagus Imaging. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2018; 37:1162-1167. [PMID: 29727279 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2017.2777891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Optoacoustic (photoacoustic) endoscopy has shown potential to reveal complementary contrast to optical endoscopy methods, indicating clinical relevance. However operational parameters for accurate optoacoustic endoscopy must be specified for optimal performance. Recent support from the EU Horizon 2020 program ESOTRAC to develop a next-generation optoacoustic esophageal endoscope directs the interrogation of the optimal frequency required for accurate implementation. We simulated the frequency response of the esophagus wall and then validated the simulation results with experimental measurements of pig esophagus. Phantoms and fresh pig esophagus samples were measured using two detectors with central frequencies of 15 or 50 MHz, and the imaging performance of both detectors was compared. We analyzed the frequency bandwidth of optoacoustic signals in relation to morphological layer structures of the esophagus and found the 50 MHz detector to differentiate layer structures better than the 15 MHz detector. Furthermore, we identify the necessary detection bandwidth for visualizing esophagus morphology and selecting ultrasound transducers for future optoacoustic endoscopy of the esophagus.
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Zhang GJ, Zhao J, Jiang ML, Zhang LC. ING5 inhibits cell proliferation and invasion in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through regulation of the Akt/NF-κB/MMP-9 signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:387-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Zou S, Shang ZF, Liu B, Zhang S, Wu J, Huang M, Ding WQ, Zhou J. DNA polymerase iota (Pol ι) promotes invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 7:32274-85. [PMID: 27057634 PMCID: PMC5078012 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA polymerase iota (Pol ι) is an error-prone DNA polymerase involved in translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) that contributes to the accumulation of DNA mutations. We recently showed that Pol ι is overexpressed in human esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) tissues which promotes ESCC' progression. The present study was aimed at investigating the molecular mechanisms by which Pol ι enhances the invasiveness and metastasis of ESCC cells. We found that the expression of Pol ι is significantly higher in ESCCs with lymph node metastasis compared to those without lymph node metastasis. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed an inverse correlation between Pol ι expression and patient prognosis. The expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), two essential regulators of cells' invasiveness, were positively associated with Pol ι expression in ESCC tissues. Ectopic expression of Pol ι enhanced the motility and invasiveness of ESCC cells as evaluated by wound-healing and transwell assays, respectively. A xenograft nude mouse model showed that Pol ι promotes the colonization of ESCC cells in the liver, lung and kidney. Signaling pathway analysis identified the JNK-AP-1 cascade as a mediator of the Pol ι-induced increase in the expression of MMP-2/9 and enhancement of ESCC progression. These data demonstrate the underlying mechanism by which Pol ι promotes ESCC progression, suggesting that Pol ι is a potential novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitao Zou
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215001, P.R. China
| | - Zeng-Fu Shang
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Biao Liu
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215001, P.R. China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jinchang Wu
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215001, P.R. China
| | - Min Huang
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215001, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Qun Ding
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Jundong Zhou
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215001, P.R. China
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Wu D, Chen X, Xu Y, Wang H, Yu G, Jiang L, Hong Q, Duan S. Prognostic value of MLH1 promoter methylation in male patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2745-2750. [PMID: 28454461 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene MutL homolog 1 (MLH1) is critical for the maintenance of genomic integrity. Methylation of the MLH1 gene promoter was identified as a prognostic marker for numerous types of cancer including glioblastoma, colorectal, ovarian and gastric cancer. The present study aimed to determine whether MLH1 promoter methylation was associated with survival in male patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded ESCC tissues were collected from 87 male patients. MLH1 promoter methylation was assessed using the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction approach. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests were used to evaluate the association between MLH1 promoter methylation and overall survival (OS) in patients with ESCC. Cox regression analysis was used to obtain crude and multivariate hazard ratios (HR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The present study revealed that MLH1 promoter methylation was observed in 53/87 (60.9%) of male patients with ESCC. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that MLH1 promoter hypermethylation was significantly associated with poorer prognosis in patients with ESCC (P=0.048). Multivariate survival analysis revealed that MLH1 promoter hypermethylation was an independent predictor of poor OS in male patients with ESCC (HR=1.716; 95% CI=1.008-2.921). Therefore, MLH1 promoter hypermethylation may be a predictor of prognosis in male patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongping Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Yan Xu
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Haiyong Wang
- Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 312000. P.R. China
| | - Guangmao Yu
- Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 312000. P.R. China
| | - Luping Jiang
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Qingxiao Hong
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
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Yu X, Zhang J, Zhong H, Liu F, Liang N, Wang Y, Meng X, Du J. Decreased Tumor Suppressor Candidate 3 Predicts Poor Prognosis of Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Med Sci 2016; 13:963-969. [PMID: 27994502 PMCID: PMC5165690 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.16381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
TUSC3 was recently identified as a potential tumor suppressor gene in a variety of human malignancies. However, no data are currently available regarding the expressions of TUSC3 in esophageal cancer (ESCC).The purposes of this study was to investigated the expressions of TUSC3 in ESCC tissues and assess the relationship between TUSC3 levels and clinico-pathological characteristics of ESCC patients. TUSC3 protein expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue microarray slides in esophageal cancer, which included 95 esophageal squamous carcinoma specimens (ESCC), and 75 normal esophageal mucosa (NEM). We found that TUSC3 in ESCC was significant lower than that in NEM (P=0.000). According to multi-clinical classifications, TUSC3 level varied significantly with TNM stage, T stage, and N stage (p<0.001, p=0.0368, p<0.0001, respectively). Univariate analysis showed that gender, TNM stage, T stage, N stage, TUSC3 expression were prognostic factors for survival. Multivariate analysis showed that in our study, only TUSC3 expression was independent prognostic factors for ESCC. Our results indicated for the first time, a combined analysis of TUSC3 expressions as well as the clinical variables will help predict the prognosis of ESCC patients. Further large-sample validation and functional analysis should be performed to evaluate its potential prognostic and therapeutic values for ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinshuang Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, P. R.China
| | - Jiandong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, P. R.China
| | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, P. R.China
- Department of Oncology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan, 250355, P. R.China
| | - Fengjun Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, P. R.China
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, P. R.China
| | - Yao Wang
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, P. R.China
| | - Xiangjiao Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan, 250117, P. R.China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, P. R.China
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, P. R.China
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Hong Y, Chen W, Du X, Ning H, Chen H, Shi R, Lin S, Xu R, Zhu J, Wu S, Zhou H. Upregulation of sex-determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9) promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenicity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:31241-54. [PMID: 26384302 PMCID: PMC4741601 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex-determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9), a vital transcription factor, play important roles in numerous biological and pathological processes. However, the clinical significance and biological role of SOX9 expression has not been characterized in human esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). Herein, we found that SOX9 was markedly upregulated, at both mRNA and protein level, in ESCC cell lines and ESCC tissues and that SOX9 expression was significantly correlated with tumor clinical stage, T classification, N classification, M classification, pathological differentiation, and shorter overall survival. The proliferation and tumorigenicity of ESCC cells were dramatically induced by SOX9 overexpression but were inhibited by SOX9 knockdown both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we demonstrated that upregulation of SOX9 increased the expression of phosphorylated Akt, the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) regulator cyclin D1, phosphorylated forkhead box O (FOXO)1, and phosphorylated FOXO3, but SOX9 downregulation decreased their expression, whereas the levels of the CDK inhibitors p21Cip1 and p27Kip1 were attenuated in SOX9-transduced cells. Taken together, our results suggest that SOX9 plays an important role in promoting the proliferation and tumorigenesis of ESCC and may represent a novel prognostic marker for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingcai Hong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 510000, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Xiaojun Du
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Huiwen Ning
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Huaisheng Chen
- Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen People's Hospital, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 510000, China
| | - Ruiqing Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shaolin Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 510000, China
| | - Rongyu Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Jinrong Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Shu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Haiyu Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Su H, Lin F, Deng X, Shen L, Fang Y, Fei Z, Zhao L, Zhang X, Pan H, Xie D, Jin X, Xie C. Profiling and bioinformatics analyses reveal differential circular RNA expression in radioresistant esophageal cancer cells. J Transl Med 2016; 14:225. [PMID: 27465405 PMCID: PMC4964270 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0977-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acquired radioresistance during radiotherapy is considered as the most important reason for local tumor recurrence or treatment failure. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently been identified as microRNA sponges and involve in various biological processes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of circRNAs in the radioresistance of esophageal cancer. Methods Total RNA was isolated from human parental cell line KYSE-150 and self-established radioresistant esophageal cancer cell line KYSE-150R, and hybridized to Arraystar Human circRNA Array. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to confirm the circRNA expression profiles obtained from the microarray data. Bioinformatic tools including gene ontology (GO) analysis, KEGG pathway analysis and network analysis were done for further assessment. Results Among the detected candidate 3752 circRNA genes, significant upregulation of 57 circRNAs and downregulation of 17 circRNAs in human radioresistant esophageal cancer cell line KYSE-150R were observed compared with the parental cell line KYSE-150 (fold change ≥2.0 and P < 0.05). There were 9 out of these candidate circRNAs were validated by real-time PCR. GO analysis revealed that numerous target genes, including most microRNAs were involved in the biological processes. There were more than 400 target genes enrichment on Wnt signaling pathway. CircRNA_001059 and circRNA_000167 were the two largest nodes in circRNA/microRNA co-expression network. Conclusions Our study revealed a comprehensive expression and functional profile of differentially expressed circRNAs in radioresistant esophageal cancer cells, indicating possible involvement of these dysregulated circRNAs in the development of radiation resistance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-016-0977-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafang Su
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Fuqiang Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xia Deng
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Lanxiao Shen
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Ya Fang
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Zhenghua Fei
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Lihao Zhao
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xuebang Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Huanle Pan
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Deyao Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xiance Jin
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Congying Xie
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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Li YF, Yang PZ, Li HF. Functional polymorphisms in the IL-10 gene with susceptibility to esophageal, nasopharyngeal, and oral cancers. Cancer Biomark 2016; 16:641-51. [PMID: 27002767 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fen Li
- Department of ENT, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Pei-Zhen Yang
- Department of ENT, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Hua-Feng Li
- Linyi Women and Children's Hospital, Genetic Experiment Center, Linyi, Shandong, China
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32
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Su H, Jin X, Shen L, Fang Y, Fei Z, Zhang X, Xie C, Chen X. Inhibition of cyclin D1 enhances sensitivity to radiotherapy and reverses epithelial to mesenchymal transition for esophageal cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:5355-63. [PMID: 26561473 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4393-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired radioresistance during radiotherapy has significantly affected the treatment efficacy in esophageal cancer. Many of radioresistant cancer cells demonstrated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).We found in previous study that a radioresistant cell line (KYSE-150R) possessed EMT characteristic with cyclin D1 overexpression. Cyclin D1 has been demonstrated to affect the radiation sensitivity in cancer cells. To elucidate the molecular functions of cyclin D1 on EMT phenotypes and esophageal cancer radiosensitivity, we treated the radioresistant esophageal cancer cells (KYSE-150R) and parental cells (KYSE-150) with cyclin D1 small interfering RNA (siRNA). The cell proliferation rate of KYSE-150R and the radiation survival fraction were significantly decreased in cyclin D1 siRNA treatment group. Knocking down cyclin D1 resulted in G0/G1 arrest in KYSE-150R cells. The average number of irradiation-induced γ-H2AX foci increased in the cells treated with cyclin D1 siRNA, indicating impaired DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in KYSE-150R cells. Cyclin D1 also reversed EMT phenotypes with significantly increased expression of E-cadherin in KYSE-150R cells. However, cyclin D1 siRNA have no radiosensitizing effects on KYSE-150 cells, with no obvious change in EMT marker expression .Our work showed that EMT phenotypes can be reduced and the radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer cells can be enhanced by inhibiting cyclin D1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafang Su
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xiance Jin
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Lanxiao Shen
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Ya Fang
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Zhenghua Fei
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xuebang Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Congying Xie
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Xiaolei Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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Sokic-Milutinovic A, Alempijevic T, Milosavljevic T. Role of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric carcinogenesis: Current knowledge and future directions. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:11654-11672. [PMID: 26556993 PMCID: PMC4631967 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i41.11654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) plays a role in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. The outcome of the infection depends on environmental factors and bacterial and host characteristics. Gastric carcinogenesis is a multistep process that is reversible in the early phase of mucosal damage, but the exact point of no return has not been identified. Therefore, two main therapeutic strategies could reduce gastric cancer incidence: (1) eradication of the already present infection; and (2) immunization (prior to or during the course of the infection). The success of a gastric cancer prevention strategy depends on timing because the prevention strategy must be introduced before the point of no return in gastric carcinogenesis. Although the exact point of no return has not been identified, infection should be eradicated before severe atrophy of the gastric mucosa develops. Eradication therapy rates remain suboptimal due to increasing H. pylori resistance to antibiotics and patient noncompliance. Vaccination against H. pylori would reduce the cost of eradication therapies and lower gastric cancer incidence. A vaccine against H. pylori is still a research challenge. An effective vaccine should have an adequate route of delivery, appropriate bacterial antigens and effective and safe adjuvants. Future research should focus on the development of rescue eradication therapy protocols until an efficacious vaccine against the bacterium becomes available.
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Sharan RN, Vaiphei ST, Nongrum S, Keppen J, Ksoo M. Consensus reference gene(s) for gene expression studies in human cancers: end of the tunnel visible? Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2015; 38:419-31. [PMID: 26384826 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-015-0244-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gene expression studies are increasingly used to provide valuable information on the diagnosis and prognosis of human cancers. Also, for in vitro and in vivo experimental cancer models gene expression studies are widely used. The complex algorithms of differential gene expression analyses require normalization of data against a reference or normalizer gene, or a set of such genes. For this purpose, mostly invariant housekeeping genes are used. Unfortunately, however, there are no consensus (housekeeping) genes that serve as reference or normalizer for different human cancers. In fact, scientists have employed a wide range of reference genes across different types of cancer for normalization of gene expression data. As a consequence, comparisons of these data and/or data harmonizations are difficult to perform and challenging. In addition, an inadequate choice for a reference gene may obscure genuine changes and/or result in erroneous gene expression data comparisons. METHODS In our effort to highlight the importance of selecting the most appropriate reference gene(s), we have screened the literature for gene expression studies published since the turn of the century on thirteen of the most prevalent human cancers worldwide. CONCLUSIONS Based on the analysis of the data at hand, we firstly recommend that in each study the suitability of candidate reference gene(s) should carefully be evaluated in order to yield reliable differential gene expression data. Secondly, we recommend that a combination of PPIA and either GAPDH, ACTB, HPRT and TBP, or appropriate combinations of two or three of these genes, should be employed in future studies, to ensure that results from different studies on different human cancers can be harmonized. This approach will ultimately increase the depth of our understanding of gene expression signatures across human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Sharan
- Radiation and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, North-Eastern Hill University (NEHU), Shillong, 793022, India.
| | - S Thangminlal Vaiphei
- Radiation and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, North-Eastern Hill University (NEHU), Shillong, 793022, India
| | - Saibadaiahun Nongrum
- Radiation and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, North-Eastern Hill University (NEHU), Shillong, 793022, India
| | - Joshua Keppen
- Radiation and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, North-Eastern Hill University (NEHU), Shillong, 793022, India
| | - Mandahakani Ksoo
- Radiation and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, North-Eastern Hill University (NEHU), Shillong, 793022, India
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Su H, Jin X, Zhang X, Zhao L, Lin B, Li L, Fei Z, Shen L, Fang Y, Pan H, Xie C. FH535 increases the radiosensitivity and reverses epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of radioresistant esophageal cancer cell line KYSE-150R. J Transl Med 2015; 13:104. [PMID: 25888911 PMCID: PMC4384308 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0464-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquired radioresistance has significantly compromised the efficacy of radiotherapy for esophageal cancer. The purpose of this study is to investigate the roles of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the acquirement of radioresistance during the radiation treatment of esophageal cancer. METHODS We previously established a radioresistant cell line (KYSE-150R) from the KYSE-150 cell line (a human cell line model for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma) with a gradient cumulative irradiation dose. In this study, the expression of EMT phenotypes and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway proteins were examined by real-time PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence in the KYSE-150R cells. The KYSE-150R cells were then treated with a β-Catenin/Tcf inhibitor FH535. The expressions of nuclear and cytoplasmic β-catenin and EMT markers in KYSE-150R cells were assessed at both mRNA and protein level after FH535 treatment. The radiosensitization effect of FH535 on KYSE-150R was evaluated by CCK8 analysis and a colony forming assay. DNA repair capacities was detected by the neutral comet assays. RESULTS KYSE-150R cell line displayed obvious radiation resistance and had a stable genetic ability. EMT phenotype was presented in the KYSE-150R cells with decreased E-cadherin and increased snail and twist expressions. The up-regulated expressions of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway proteins (Wnt1, FZD1-4, GSK3β, CTNNB1 and Cyclin D1), the increased phosphorylation of GSK3β, and the decreased phosphorylation of β-catenin were observed in KYSE-150R cells compared with KYSE-150 cells, implicating the activation of the Wnt pathway in KYSE-150R cells. The expression of nuclear β-catenin and nuclear translocation of β-catenin from the cytoplasm was decreased after FH535 treatment. FH535 also reversed EMT phenotypes by increasing E-cadherin expression. The cell proliferation rates of KYSE-150R were dose-dependent and the radiation survival fraction was significantly decreased upon FH535 treatment. Neutral comet assays indicated that FH535 impairs DNA double stranded break repair in KYSE-150R cells. CONCLUSIONS Acquisition of radioresistance and EMT in esophageal cancer cells is associated with the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. EMT phenotypes can be reduced and the radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer cells can be enhanced by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway with FH535 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafang Su
- Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Deparment, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 Fuxue Lane, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Xiance Jin
- Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Deparment, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 Fuxue Lane, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Xuebang Zhang
- Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Deparment, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 Fuxue Lane, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Lihao Zhao
- Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Deparment, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 Fuxue Lane, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Baochai Lin
- Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Deparment, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 Fuxue Lane, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Lili Li
- Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Deparment, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 Fuxue Lane, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Zhenghua Fei
- Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Deparment, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 Fuxue Lane, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Lanxiao Shen
- Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Deparment, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 Fuxue Lane, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Ya Fang
- Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Deparment, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 Fuxue Lane, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Huanle Pan
- Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Deparment, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 Fuxue Lane, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Congying Xie
- Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Deparment, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 Fuxue Lane, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
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Singh R, Jayanna M, Wong J, Lim LG, Zhang J, Lv J, Liu D, Lee YC, Han ML, Tseng PH, Namasivayam V, Banerjee R, Uedo N, Chan WK, Ho SH, Chen SY, Bhatia S, Funasaka K, Ando T, Wu J, Lesmana C, Tam W, Wang WL, Chang CY, Jung HY, Jung KW, Bestari MB, Yao K, Chong VH, Sharma P, Ho KY. Narrow-band imaging and white-light endoscopy with optical magnification in the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus: results of the Asia-Pacific Barrett's Consortium. Endosc Int Open 2015; 3:E14-8. [PMID: 26134765 PMCID: PMC4423324 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1377610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The advent and utility of new endoscopic imaging modalities for predicting the histology of Barrett's esophagus (BE) in real time with high accuracy appear promising and could potentially obviate the need to perform random biopsies where guidelines are poorly adhered to. We embarked on evaluating the performance characteristics of white-light endoscopy with magnification (WLE-z), narrow-band imaging with magnification (NBI-z) and a combination of both modalities. DESIGN This was a prospective online study with 28 endoscopists from 11 countries (Asia-Pacific region) participating as assessors. In total, 35 patients with BE were assessed using 150 slides from WLE-z and NBI-z randomly arranged using a simple classification with corresponding histology. The overall Accuracy (Acc), Sensitivity (Sn), Specificity (Sp), Positive Predictive Value (PPV), and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of WLE-z, NBI-z and a combination of both were calculated. RESULTS The overall Acc for WLE-z and NBI-z images was 87.1 % and 88.7 %, respectively. When images from the two modalities were placed side by side, the Acc increased to 90.3 %. The Sn, Sp, PPV, and NPV of WLE-z were 48 %, 92 %, 45 %, and 93 % while with NBI-z, these improved to 89 %, 89 %, 56 %, and 98 %, respectively. When both imaging modalities were viewed together, they improved further to 93 %, 90 %, 61 %, and 99 %. CONCLUSION The high NPV (99 %) when both WLE-z and NBI-z were used simultaneously indicates that areas with regular appearance that are diagnosed with confidence can effectively be left alone and not biopsied when performed at a skilled resourced center. This approach could potentially lead to a paradigm shift of how patients with BE are assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajvinder Singh
- Lyell McEwin Hospital, Adelaide, Australia,University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia,Corresponding author Rajvinder Singh, MBBS MRCP MPhil FRACP AM FRCP Clinical Associate ProfessorHead of EndoscopyLyell McEwin Hospital & University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia+61-8-81829837
| | | | - Jennie Wong
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lee Guan Lim
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Lv
- Division of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yi-Chia Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lun Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Huei Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Rupa Banerjee
- Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Noriya Uedo
- Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Wah Kheong Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shiaw Hooi Ho
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shi-yao Chen
- Institute of Endoscopy, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shobna Bhatia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Kohei Funasaka
- Department of Endoscopy, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takafumi Ando
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Justin Wu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Cosmas Lesmana
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - William Tam
- Lyell McEwin Hospital, Adelaide, Australia,University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Wen-Lun Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohshiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yang Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohshiung, Taiwan
| | - Hwoon-Yong Jung
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee Wook Jung
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Kenshi Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukuoka University, Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Vui Heng Chong
- Department of Gastroenterology, RIPAS Hospital, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Prateek Sharma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veterans Affairs Medical Centre and University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Khek-Yu Ho
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Li H, Zhen H, Han L, Yan B, Yu J, Zhu S, Cao B. Association between the genetic variations within TBX21 gene promoter and the clinicopathological characteristics of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a high-risk Chinese population. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:3985-93. [PMID: 25577251 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3042-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The correlation between TBX21 gene (T-box transcription factor protein 21; T-bet), which was a pivotal transcriptional regulation gene for Th1/Th2 polarization, and the development risk of esophagus squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) was assessed in a high-risk Chinese population. A total of 302 ESCC cases and 311 normal controls coming from the highest incidence area of China were enrolled in this study. Three polymorphisms at -1499, -1514, and -1993 located in the TBX21 promoter were identified by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Logistic regression was used to determine whether the inherited variations of the TBX21 gene would associate with the risk and the clinicopathological characteristics of ESCC. Among the ESCC patients, an association between the TBX21 -1514T/C or -1993T/C polymorphisms and the lymph node or distant metastasis was found (odds ratios (ORs) were 9.46 and 4.35, respectively, all P < 0.01). By the log-additive model analysis, the results exhibited that three haplotypes, ACC, ACT, and ATC, were significantly related to the development risk of ESCC (OR = 11.81, 3.44, 2.37, respectively, all P < 0.05). TBX21 gene -1514 and -1993 polymorphisms might be counted as the influential factors for lymph node and distant metastasis to ESCC. Especially, the ACC, ACT, and ATC haplotypes derived from the TBX21 gene would increase the susceptibility to ESCC in the high-risk Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Li
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050, Beijing, China
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Kailasam A, Mittal SK, Agrawal DK. Epigenetics in the Pathogenesis of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Clin Transl Sci 2014; 8:394-402. [PMID: 25388215 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic influences, such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and up-regulation/down-regulation of genes by microRNAs, change the genetic makeup of an individual without affecting DNA base-pair sequences. Indeed, epigenetic changes play an integral role in the progression from normal esophageal mucosa to Barrett's esophagus to esophageal adenocarcinoma via dysplasia-metaplasia-neoplasia sequence. Many genes involved in esophageal adenocarcinoma display hypermethylation, leading to their down-regulation. The classes of these genes include cell cycle control, DNA and growth factor repair, tumor suppressors, antimetastasis, Wnt-related genes, and proapoptotic genes. Histone acetylation in the pathophysiology of esophageal diseases has not been thoroughly investigated, and its critical role in the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma is less defined. Many microRNAs have been associated with the development of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Here, we critically addressed the specific steps most closely influenced by microRNAs in the progression from Barrett's esophagus to esophageal adenocarcinoma. However, microRNAs can target up to hundreds of genes, making it difficult to correlate directly with a given phenotype of the disease. Esophageal adenocarcinoma progressing from premalignant condition of Barrett's esophagus carries an extremely poor prognosis. Risk stratification for patients based on their epigenetic profiles may be useful in providing more targeted and directed treatment to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Kailasam
- School of Medicine, Center for Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sumeet K Mittal
- School of Medicine, Center for Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- School of Medicine, Center for Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
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Behrens G, Jochem C, Keimling M, Ricci C, Schmid D, Leitzmann MF. The association between physical activity and gastroesophageal cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Epidemiol 2014; 29:151-70. [PMID: 24705782 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-014-9895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity may decrease gastroesophageal cancer risk through a reduction of oxidative stress and decreased chronic inflammation, yet few epidemiologic studies have been able to report a clear inverse association between physical activity and gastroesophageal cancer. Because no meta-analysis has investigated the relation of physical activity to gastroesophageal cancer, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis according to the PRISMA guidelines based on 24 studies with a total of 15,745 cases. When we compared high versus low physical activity levels and summarized associations according to anatomic site and tumor histology, risk reductions were evident for esophageal adenocarcinoma [relative risk (RR) = 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.66-0.94], gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (RR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.69-0.99) and gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma (RR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.62-0.84). The risk reduction for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (RR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.41-2.16) became statistically significant (RR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.46-0.96) after excluding an influential study. The test for heterogeneity by gastroesophageal cancer subtype was statistically non-significant (p-difference = 0.71). The RR of total gastroesophageal cancer for high versus low physical activity was 0.82 (95% CI = 0.74-0.90). A dose-response analysis of frequency of physical activity and total gastroesophageal cancer risk revealed that the greatest risk reduction was achieved among those engaging in moderate to vigorous physical activity five times per week (RR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.58-0.79). Our results provide support for an inverse relation of physical activity, in particular exercise frequency, to gastroesophageal cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gundula Behrens
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany,
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Andreollo NA, Tercioti V, Lopes LR, de Souza Coelho-Neto J. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery compared with surgery alone in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2013; 50:101-6. [PMID: 23903618 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-28032013000200016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Despite progress in recent years in methods of diagnosis and surgical treatment of esophageal cancer, there is still controversy about the benefits from neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. OBJECTIVE To analise the survival of patients submitted to esophagectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus with or without neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. METHOD A retrospective, non-randomized study conducted using the medical charts of patients operated for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus at the School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil between 1979 and 2006. The Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to calculate survival curves and the log-rank test to compare data in each group. The significance level was settled as 5%. RESULTS A total of 123 patients were evaluated in this study, divided into three groups: I-26 (21.2%) patients submitted to esophagectomy alone; II-81 (65.8%) patients submitted to neoadjuvant radiotherapy plus esophagectomy and III-16 (13%) patients submitted to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus esophagectomy. A statistically significant survival was recorded between the groups (log rank=6.007; P=0.05), survival being greatest in the group submitted to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, followed by the group submitted to neoadjuvant radiotherapy compared to the group submitted to esophagectomy alone as the initial treatment of choice. CONCLUSION Radiotherapy and chemotherapy neoadjuvants in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus offers benefits and increases survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Adami Andreollo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Abstract
This article describes the normal patterns of thoracic (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) biodistribution, and expands on the role of FDG-PET/computed tomography (CT) for the evaluation of patients suffering from a spectrum of benign pathologic conditions that affect the chest. The discussion addresses the applications of FDG-PET/CT imaging in a wide variety of chest-related disorders. Familiarity with the normal thoracic biodistribution of FDG, coupled with knowledge of the potential nonmalignant causes of increased FDG uptake in the chest, is essential to minimize the incidence of incorrect interpretation of FDG-PET images in daily clinical practice.
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Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EsC) is one of the least studied and deadliest cancers worldwide because of its extremely aggressive nature and poor survival rate. It ranks sixth among all cancers in mortality. In retrospective studies of EsC, smoking, hot tea drinking, red meat consumption, poor oral health, low intake of fresh fruit and vegetables, and low socioeconomic status have been associated with a higher risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Barrett’s esophagus is clearly recognized as a risk factor for EsC, and dysplasia remains the only factor useful for identifying patients at increased risk, for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma in clinical practice. Here, we investigated the epidemiologic patterns and causes of EsC. Using population based cancer data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program of the United States; we generated the most up-to-date stage distribution and 5-year relative survival by stage at diagnosis for 1998-2009. Special note should be given to the fact that esophageal cancer, mainly adenocarcinoma, is one of the very few cancers that is contributing to increasing death rates (20%) among males in the United States. To further explore the mechanism of development of EsC will hopefully decrease the incidence of EsC and improve outcomes.
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Conteduca V, Sansonno D, Russi S, Dammacco F. Precancerous colorectal lesions (Review). Int J Oncol 2013; 43:973-84. [PMID: 23900573 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common and often lethal tumor. Over the last 25 years, remarkable progress has been made in understanding its biological and molecular features and in elucidating the steps involved in colon carcinogenesis. This, in turn, has led to a more rational and effective clinical approach to the treatment of CRC. While colorectal adenoma is the most frequent precancerous lesion, other potentially premalignant conditions, including chronic inflammatory bowel diseases and hereditary syndromes, such as familial adenomatous polyposis, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and juvenile polyposis, involve different sites of the gastrointestinal tract with an overall incidence of less than 5%. In all such cases, disease recognition at an early stage is essential to devise suitable preventive cancer strategies. These topics are addressed in this review, along with the most important epidemiological, pathogenetic and clinical features that lead to malignant transformation. Novel biomarkers for early cancer prediction, detection, prognostic evolution, and the response to treatment are critically assessed as well. Continued improvements in our knowledge of the molecular basis of CRC and the transfer of this information into daily clinical practice will reduce the burden of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Conteduca
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola, FC, Italy
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KANO YOSHIHIRO, KONNO MASAMITSU, OHTA KATSUYA, HARAGUCHI NAOTSUGU, NISHIKAWA SHIMPEI, KAGAWA YOSHINORI, HAMABE ATSUSHI, HASEGAWA SHINICHIRO, OGAWA HISATAKA, FUKUSUMI TAKAHITO, NOGUCHI YUKO, OZAKI MIYUKI, KUDO TOSHIHIRO, SAKAI DAISUKE, SATOH TAROH, ISHII MASARU, MIZOHATA EIICHI, INOUE TAKESHI, MORI MASAKI, DOKI YUICHIRO, ISHII HIDESHI. Jumonji/Arid1b (Jarid1b) protein modulates human esophageal cancer cell growth. Mol Clin Oncol 2013; 1:753-757. [PMID: 24649241 PMCID: PMC3915624 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2013.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although esophageal cancer is highly heterogeneous and the involvement of epigenetic regulation of cancer stem cells is highly suspected, the biological significance of epigenetically modified molecules that regulate different subpopulations remains to be firmly established. Using esophageal cancer cells, we investigated the functional roles of the H3K4 demethylase Jumonji/Arid1b (Jarid1b) (Kdm5b/Plu-1/Rbp2-h1), an epigenetic factor that is required for continuous cell growth in melanoma. JARID1B knockdown resulted in the suppression of esophageal cancer cell growth, sphere formation and invasion ability and was associated with loss of epithelial marker expression. However, these inhibitory effects observed on tumor formation were reverted subsequent to subcutaneous inoculation of these cells into immune-deficient mice. These results indicated that JARID1B plays a role in maintaining cancer stem cells in the esophagus and justifies the rationale for studying the effects of continuous inhibition of this epigenetic factor in esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- YOSHIHIRO KANO
- Departments of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - MASAMITSU KONNO
- Departments of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - KATSUYA OHTA
- Departments of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - NAOTSUGU HARAGUCHI
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - SHIMPEI NISHIKAWA
- Departments of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - YOSHINORI KAGAWA
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - ATSUSHI HAMABE
- Departments of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - SHINICHIRO HASEGAWA
- Departments of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - HISATAKA OGAWA
- Departments of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - TAKAHITO FUKUSUMI
- Departments of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - YUKO NOGUCHI
- Departments of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - MIYUKI OZAKI
- Departments of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - TOSHIHIRO KUDO
- Departments of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - DAISUKE SAKAI
- Departments of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - TAROH SATOH
- Departments of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - MASARU ISHII
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, WPI-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-0075
| | - EIICHI MIZOHATA
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Technology, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| | - TAKESHI INOUE
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Technology, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| | - MASAKI MORI
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - YUICHIRO DOKI
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - HIDESHI ISHII
- Departments of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
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Kim JJ. Upper gastrointestinal cancer and reflux disease. J Gastric Cancer 2013; 13:79-85. [PMID: 23844321 PMCID: PMC3705136 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2013.13.2.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing evidence that gastroesophageal reflux disease is related to several upper gastrointestinal cancers, mainly the esophageal adenocarcinoma and a certain type of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Currently, the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease is rapidly increasing in Korea. Therefore, there is a possibility of such increasing cancerous incidents, similar to the western worlds. In this article, the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and several upper gastrointestinal cancers, the components of refluxate which has possible causal relationship with carcinogenesis, and the clinical implications of such relationship in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease patients are discussed through the review of literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jo Kim
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Korea
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46
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Abstract
Barrett’s esophagus is a condition resulting from chronic gastro-esophageal reflux disease with a documented risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Current strategies for improved survival in patients with Barrett's adenocarcinoma focus on detection of dysplasia. This can be obtained by screening programs in high-risk cohorts of patients and/or endoscopic biopsy surveillance of patients with known Barrett’s esophagus (BE). Several therapies have been developed in attempts to reverse BE and reduce cancer risk. Aggressive medical management of acid reflux, lifestyle modifications, antireflux surgery, and endoscopic treatments have been recommended for many patients with BE. Whether these interventions are cost-effective or reduce mortality from esophageal cancer remains controversial. Current treatment requires combinations of endoscopic mucosal resection techniques to eliminate visible lesions followed by ablation of residual metaplastic tissue. Esophagectomy is currently indicated in multifocal high-grade neoplasia or mucosal Barrett’s carcinoma which cannot be managed by endoscopic approach.
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47
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CONTEDUCA VINCENZA, SANSONNO DOMENICO, LAULETTA GIANFRANCO, RUSSI SABINO, INGRAVALLO GIUSEPPE, DAMMACCO FRANCO. H. pylori infection and gastric cancer: State of the art. Int J Oncol 2012; 42:5-18. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2012.1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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