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Huang H, Yang Y, Zhu Y, Chen H, Yang Y, Zhang L, Li W. Blood protein biomarkers in lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2022; 551:215886. [PMID: 35995139 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer has consistently ranked first as the cause of cancer-associated mortality. The 5-year survival rate has risen slowly, and the main obstacle to improving the prognosis of patients has been that lung cancer is usually diagnosed at an advanced or incurable stage. Thus, early detection and timely intervention are the most effective ways to reduce lung cancer mortality. Tumor-specific molecules and cellular elements are abundant in circulation, providing real-time information in a noninvasive and cost-effective manner during lung cancer development. These circulating biomarkers are emerging as promising tools for early detection of lung cancer and can be used to supplement computed tomography screening, as well as for prognosis prediction and treatment response monitoring. Serum and plasma are the main sources of circulating biomarkers, and protein biomarkers have been most extensively studied. In this review, we summarize the research progress on three most common types of blood protein biomarkers (tumor-associated antigens, autoantibodies, and exosomal proteins) in lung cancer. This review will potentially guide researchers toward a more comprehensive understanding of candidate lung cancer protein biomarkers in the blood to facilitate their translation to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Huang
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplantation Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yongfeng Yang
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yihan Zhu
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplantation Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplantation Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Ying Yang
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Weimin Li
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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2
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Wang Y, Huang P, Wang BG, Murdock T, Cope L, Hsu FC, Wang TL, Shih IM. Spatial Transcriptomic Analysis of Ovarian Cancer Precursors Reveals Reactivation of IGFBP2 during Pathogenesis. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4528-4541. [PMID: 36206311 PMCID: PMC9808976 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the earliest pathogenic steps in cancer development is fundamental to improving its early detection and prevention. Ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), a highly aggressive cancer, mostly originates from the fallopian tube epithelium through a precursor stage, serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC). In this study, we performed spatial transcriptomic analysis to compare STICs, carcinoma, and their matched normal fallopian tube epithelium. Several differentially expressed genes in STICs and carcinomas were involved in cancer metabolism and detected in a larger independent transcriptomic dataset of ovarian HGSCs. Among these, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP2) was found to undergo DNA hypomethylation and to be increased at the protein level in STICs. Pyrosequencing revealed an association of IGFBP2 expression with the methylation state of its proximal enhancer, and 5-azacytidine treatment increased IGFBP2 expression. In postmenopausal fallopian tubes, where most STICs are detected, IGFBP2 immunoreactivity was detected in all 38 proliferatively active STICs but was undetectable in morphologically normal tubal epithelia, including those with TP53 mutations. In premenopausal fallopian tubes, IGFBP2 expression was limited to the secretory epithelium at the proliferative phase, and estradiol treatment increased IGFBP2 expression levels. IGFBP2 knockdown suppressed the growth of IGFBP2-expressing tubal epithelial cells via inactivation of the AKT pathway. Taken together, demethylation of the proximal enhancer of IGFBP2 drives tumor development by maintaining the increased IGFBP2 required for proliferation in an otherwise estrogen-deprived, proliferation-quiescent, and postmenopausal tubal microenvironment. SIGNIFICANCE Molecular studies of the earliest precursor lesions of ovarian cancer reveal a role of IGFBP2 in propelling tumor initiation, providing new insights into ovarian cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeh Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peng Huang
- Biostatistics Division, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Brant G. Wang
- Department of Pathology, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - Tricia Murdock
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Leslie Cope
- Biostatistics Division, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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3
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Pohlman AW, Moudgalya H, Jordano L, Lobato GC, Gerard D, Liptay MJ, Seder CW, Borgia JA. The role of IGF-pathway biomarkers in determining risks, screening, and prognosis in lung cancer. Oncotarget 2022; 13:393-407. [PMID: 35198099 PMCID: PMC8858079 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Detection rates of early-stage lung cancer are traditionally low, which contributes to inconsistent treatment responses and high rates of annual cancer deaths. Currently, low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening produces a high false discovery rate. This limitation has prompted research to identify biomarkers to more clearly define eligible patients for LDCT screening, differentiate indeterminate pulmonary nodules, and select individualized cancer therapy. Biomarkers within the Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) family have come to the forefront of this research. Main Body: Multiple biomarkers within the IGF family have been investigated, most notably IGF-I and IGF binding protein 3. However, newer studies seek to expand this search to other molecules within the IGF axis. Certain studies have demonstrated these biomarkers are useful when used in combination with lung cancer screening, but other findings were not as conclusive, possibly owing to measurement bias and non-standardized assay techniques. Research also has suggested IGF biomarkers may be beneficial in the prognostication and subsequent treatment via systemic therapy. Despite these advances, additional knowledge of complex regulatory mechanisms inherent to this system are necessary to more fully harness the potential clinical utility for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Conclusions: The IGF system likely plays a role in multiple phases of lung cancer; however, there is a surplus of conflicting data, especially prior to development of the disease and during early stages of detection. IGF biomarkers may be valuable in the screening, prognosis, and treatment of lung cancer, though their exact application requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hita Moudgalya
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Lia Jordano
- Department of General Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Gabriela C. Lobato
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - David Gerard
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Michael J. Liptay
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Christopher W. Seder
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Borgia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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4
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Cecil DL, Liao JB, Dang Y, Coveler AL, Kask A, Yang Y, Childs JS, Higgins DM, Disis ML. Immunization with a Plasmid DNA Vaccine Encoding the N-Terminus of Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-2 in Advanced Ovarian Cancer Leads to High-level Type I Immune Responses. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:6405-6412. [PMID: 34526360 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-1579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer vaccines targeting nonmutated proteins elicit limited type I T-cell responses and can generate regulatory and type II T cells. Class II epitopes that selectively elicit type I or type II cytokines can be identified in nonmutated cancer-associated proteins. In mice, a T-helper I (Th1) selective insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) N-terminus vaccine generated high levels of IFNγ secreting T cells, no regulatory T cells, and significant antitumor activity. We conducted a phase I trial of T-helper 1 selective IGFBP-2 vaccination in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. METHODS Twenty-five patients were enrolled. The IGFBP-2 N-terminus plasmid-based vaccine was administered monthly for 3 months. Toxicity was graded by NCI criteria and antigen-specific T cells measured by IFNγ/IL10 ELISPOT. T-cell diversity and phenotype were assessed. RESULTS The vaccine was well tolerated, with 99% of adverse events graded 1 or 2, and generated high levels of IGFBP-2 IFNγ secreting T cells in 50% of patients. Both Tbet+ CD4 (P = 0.04) and CD8 (P = 0.007) T cells were significantly increased in immunized patients. There was no increase in GATA3+ CD4 or CD8, IGFBP-2 IL10 secreting T cells, or regulatory T cells. A significant increase in T-cell clonality occurred in immunized patients (P = 0.03, pre- vs. post-vaccine) and studies showed the majority of patients developed epitope spreading within IGFBP-2 and/or to other antigens. Vaccine nonresponders were more likely to have preexistent IGFBP-2 specific immunity and demonstrated defects in CD4 T cells, upregulation of PD-1, and downregulation of genes associated with T-cell activation, after immunization. CONCLUSIONS IGFBP-2 N-terminus Th1 selective vaccination safely induces type I T cells without evidence of regulatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise L Cecil
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - John B Liao
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yushe Dang
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Andrew L Coveler
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Angela Kask
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yi Yang
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jennifer S Childs
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Doreen M Higgins
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mary L Disis
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
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5
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Zhang X, Liu M, Zhang X, Wang Y, Dai L. Autoantibodies to tumor-associated antigens in lung cancer diagnosis. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 103:1-45. [PMID: 34229848 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) accounts for the majority of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although screening the high-risk population by low-dose CT (LDCT) has reduced mortality, the cost and high false positivity rate has prevented its general diagnostic use. As such, better and more specific minimally invasive biomarkers are needed in general and for early LC detection, specifically. Autoantibodies produced by humoral immune response to tumor-associated antigens (TAA) are emerging as a promising noninvasive biomarker for LC. Given the low sensitivity of any one single autoantibody, a panel approach could provide a more robust and promising strategy to detect early stage LC. In this review, we summarize the background of TAA autoantibodies (TAAb) and the techniques currently used for identifying TAA, as well as recent findings of LC specific antigens and TAAb. This review provides guidance toward the development of accurate and reliable TAAb as immunodiagnostic biomarkers in the early detection of LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Man Liu
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences & Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences & Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences & Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liping Dai
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences & Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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6
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Li T, Zhang C, Zhao G, Zhang X, Hao M, Hassan S, Zhang M, Zheng H, Yang D, Liu L, Mehraein-Ghomi F, Bai X, Chen K, Zhang W, Yang J. IGFBP2 regulates PD-L1 expression by activating the EGFR-STAT3 signaling pathway in malignant melanoma. Cancer Lett 2020; 477:19-30. [PMID: 32120023 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 receptor has achieved great success in melanoma patients. Although many studies have addressed the underlying mechanisms involved in the blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 and the consequent modulation of the immune system, the mechanisms of PD-L1 upregulation and reliable biomarkers to predict the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy remain unknown. The present study demonstrates the correlation between IGFBP2 and PD-L1, revealing a novel immune-associated tumor function of IGFBP2 in facilitating nuclear accumulation of EGFR and activation of the EGFR/STAT3/PD-L1 signaling pathway in melanoma cells. Our results also suggest that combined IGFBP2 and PD-L1 expression has the potential to predict the efficacy of anti-PD-1 treatment for malignant melanoma; because the combination of high IGFBP2 and PD-L1 expression characterizes melanoma patients with worse overall survival and is associated with a better immune ecosystem. These characteristics have been confirmed by both in vitro and in vivo data. Consequently, IGFBP2 regulates PD-L1 expression by activating the EGFR-STAT3 signaling pathway and its function as a PD-L1 regulator might suggest novel therapeutic approach for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengze Hao
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China; Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 30060, People's Republic of China
| | - Shafat Hassan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Hong Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Liang Liu
- Center for Cancer Genomics and Precision Oncology, Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Farideh Mehraein-Ghomi
- Center for Cancer Genomics and Precision Oncology, Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Xu Bai
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China; Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center for Cancer Genomics and Precision Oncology, Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
| | - Jilong Yang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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Prognostic Value of Circulating IGFBP2 and Related Autoantibodies in Children with Metastatic Rhabdomyosarcomas. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10020115. [PMID: 32093404 PMCID: PMC7168276 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) is a tumor-associated protein measurable in patients’ biopsies and blood samples. Increased IGFBP2 expression correlates with tumor severity in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Thus, we examined the plasmatic IGFBP2 levels in 114 RMS patients and 15 healthy controls by ELISA assay in order to evaluate its value as a plasma biomarker for RMS. Additionally, we looked for the presence of a humoral response against IGBFP2 protein measurable by the production of anti-IGFBP2 autoantibodies. We demonstrated that both circulating IGFBP2 protein and autoantibodies were significantly higher in RMS patients with respect to controls and their combination showed a better discriminative capacity. IGFBP2 protein identified metastatic patients with worse event-free survival, whereas both IGFBP2 and anti-IGFBP2 antibodies negatively correlated with overall survival. Our study suggests that IGFBP2 and anti-IGFBP2 antibodies are useful for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, mainly as independent negative prognostic markers in metastatic patients. This is the first study that reports a specific humoral response in RMS plasma samples and proves the value of blood-based biomarkers in improving risk assessment and outcome of metastatic RMS patients.
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8
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Yang B, Ren N, Guo B, Xin H, Yin Y. Measuring serum human epididymis secretory protein autoantibody as an early biomarker of lung cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:735-741. [PMID: 35117419 PMCID: PMC8797310 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2019.11.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most common types of malignant tumors and is the most prominent cause of tumor-related death worldwide. LC is a heterogeneous disease caused by somatic cell mutations and dysregulation in several signaling pathways. Understanding these pathways provides the basis for detecting LC. LC screening and diagnosis in current clinic still rely on computed tomography (CT), but its high false positive rates and cost may prevent it from being a routine screening method. Therefore, the discovery of new non-invasive and more valuable biomarkers may present an improved diagnostic approach for LC, and potentially provide more useful information for the prognosis and treatment of LC in patients. This study investigated the potential of detecting serum autoantibodies produced against human epididymis secretory protein 4 (HE4) for LC diagnosis in high-risk groups. METHODS Serum samples from 61 patients with LC were included in this study, and another 53 serum samples from healthy donors or benign lung diseases (BLD) patients were collected as the control group. The samples were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). RESULTS ELISA results showed significantly higher levels of serum autoantibodies against HE4 in samples from LC patients compared to the control group (P<0.001). Analysis of HE4 autoantibodies showed a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve indicating 67.21% sensitivity, 96.23% specificity, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.848. Levels of HE4 autoantibodies can discriminate early-stage LC patients from the control group with a 54.76% sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS Detecting serum HE4 autoantibody levels may be a potential biomarker in high-risk groups of LC. We present a new method for the diagnosis of LC in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Na Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Bo Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Hua Xin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Yiyu Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
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9
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IGFBP2: integrative hub of developmental and oncogenic signaling network. Oncogene 2020; 39:2243-2257. [PMID: 31925333 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) was discovered and identified as an IGF system regulator, controlling the distribution, function, and activity of IGFs in the pericellular space. IGFBP2 is a developmentally regulated gene that is highly expressed in embryonic and fetal tissues and markedly decreases after birth. Studies over the last decades have shown that in solid tumors, IGFBP2 is upregulated and promotes several key oncogenic processes, such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cellular migration, invasion, angiogenesis, stemness, transcriptional activation, and epigenetic programming via signaling that is often independent of IGFs. Growing evidence indicates that aberrant expression of IGFBP2 in cancer acts as a hub of an oncogenic network, integrating multiple cancer signaling pathways and serving as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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10
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Qiu C, Wang P, Wang B, Shi J, Wang X, Li T, Qin J, Dai L, Ye H, Zhang J. Establishment and validation of an immunodiagnostic model for prediction of breast cancer. Oncoimmunology 2019; 9:1682382. [PMID: 32002291 PMCID: PMC6959442 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1682382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum autoantibodies that react with tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) can be used as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of cancer. This study aims to evaluate the immunodiagnostic value of 11 anti-TAAs autoantibodies for detection of breast cancer (BC) and establish a diagnostic model for distinguishing BC from normal human controls (NHC) and benign breast diseases (BBD). Sera from 10 BC patients and 10 NHC were used to detect 11 anti-TAAs autoantibodies by western blotting. The 11 anti-TAAs autoantibodies were further assessed in 983 sera by relative quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Binary logistic regression and Fisher linear discriminant analysis were conducted to establish a prediction model by using 184 BC and 184 NHC (training cohort, n = 568) and validated by leave-one-out cross-validation. Logistic regression model was selected to establish the prediction model. Results were validated using an independent validation cohort (n = 415). The five anti-TAAs (p53, cyclinB1, p16, p62, 14-3-3ξ) autoantibodies were selected to construct the model with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.943 (95% CI, 0.919–0.967) in training cohort and 0.916 (95% CI, 0.886–0.947) in the validation cohort. In the identification of BC and BBD, AUCs were 0.881 (95% CI, 0.848–0.914) and 0.849 (95% CI, 0.803–0.894) in training and validation cohort, respectively. In summary, our study indicates that the immunodiagnostic model can distinguish BC from NHC and BC from BBD and this model may have a potential application in immunodiagnosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuipeng Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,College of Public Health, Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,College of Public Health, Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bofei Wang
- College of Public Health, Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- College of Public Health, Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- College of Public Health, Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tiandong Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,College of Public Health, Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiejie Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,College of Public Health, Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liping Dai
- College of Public Health, Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,College of Public Health, Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,College of Public Health, Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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11
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Wang J, Hu ZG, Li D, Xu JX, Zeng ZG. Gene expression and prognosis of insulin‑like growth factor‑binding protein family members in non‑small cell lung cancer. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:1981-1995. [PMID: 31545451 PMCID: PMC6787967 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases are classified as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Currently, there is no standard method to predict the survival of patients with NSCLC. Insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) function as modulators of IGF signaling and are attracting increasing attention for their role in NSCLC. However, the prognostic values of individual IGFBPs in NSCLC, particularly at the mRNA level, remain unknown. In the present study, the distinct expression patterns and prognostic values of IGFBP family members in patients with NSCLC through bioinformatics analysis were reported using a series of databases, including Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA, and the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. In patients with NSCLC, IGFBP2 and IGFBP3 were significantly upregulated, while IGFBP6 was downregulated. High IGFBP1/2/4 expression was correlated with poor overall survival (OS) in all NSCLC types, especially adenocarcinoma; however, high IGFBP2/5 expression was significantly correlated with favorable OS only in patients with squamous cell carcinoma. In addition, aberrant IGFBP1/2/3/4/5 mRNA levels were associated with the prognosis of subsets of NSCLC with different clinicopathological features. These results indicated that various IGFBPs can serve as useful prognostic biomarkers and as potential targets for NSCLC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Guo Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010017, P.R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Xion Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Guo Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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12
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Dong J, Zeng Y, Zhang P, Li C, Chen Y, Li Y, Wang K. Serum IGFBP2 Level Is a New Candidate Biomarker of Severe Malnutrition in Advanced Lung Cancer. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:858-863. [PMID: 32286106 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1656755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to analyze and evaluate serum insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) levels as a new biomarker of severe malnutrition in patients with advanced lung cancer.Design and methods: This prospective study involved 59 patients with advanced lung cancer. We detected serum IGFBP2 level by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and analyzed its relationship to clinical characteristics, nutritional status, Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), and survival. Serum albumin and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured, and nutritional status was assessed using Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). The best cutoff point value for serum IGFBP2 level was established using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Kaplan-Meier method was utilized to analyze the survival curves.Results: Serum IGFBP2 levels were elevated in patients with advanced lung cancer and severe malnutrition. The best cutoff value for serum IGFBP2 level was determined at 363 ng/ml, which could diagnose severe malnutrition with 73.3% sensitivity and 70.5% specificity and was found to be related to albumin, CRP, and GPS. Patients whose serum IGFBP2 levels were higher than 363 ng/ml had poor survival outcome.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the remarkably association between higher serum level of IGFBP2 and severe malnutrition, albumin, CRP, GPS, and survival. Hence, serum IGFBP2 level can be used as a potential biomarker for diagnosis of severe malnutrition in patients with advanced lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Dong
- Department of Nutritional Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaqi Zeng
- Department of Nutritional Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Nutritional Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Department of Nutritional Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajun Chen
- Department of Nutritional Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yueying Li
- Department of Nutritional Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Nutritional Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
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13
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Yang B, Li X, Ren T, Yin Y. Autoantibodies as diagnostic biomarkers for lung cancer: A systematic review. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:126. [PMID: 31396403 PMCID: PMC6683200 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0207-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) accounts for the largest number of tumor-related deaths worldwide. As the overall 5-year survival rate of LC is associated with its stages at detection, development of a cost-effective and noninvasive cancer screening method is necessary. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the diagnostic values of single and panel tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAbs) in patients with LC. This review included 52 articles with 64 single TAAbs and 19 with 20 panels of TAAbs. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were the most common detection method. The sensitivities of single TAAbs for all stages of LC ranged from 3.1% to 92.9% (mean: 45.2%, median: 37.1%), specificities from 60.6% to 100% (mean: 88.1%, median: 94.9%), and AUCs from 0.416 to 0.990 (mean: 0.764, median: 0.785). The single TAAb with the most significant diagnostic value was the autoantibody against human epididymis secretory protein (HE4) with the maximum sensitivity 91% for NSCLC. The sensitivities of the panel of TAAbs ranged from 30% to 94.8% (mean: 76.7%, median: 82%), specificities from 73% to 100% (mean: 86.8%, median: 89.0%), and AUCs from 0.630 to 0.982 (mean: 0.821, median: 0.820), and the most significant AUC value in a panel (M13 Phage 908, 3148, 1011, 3052, 1000) was 0.982. The single TAAb with the most significant diagnostic calue for early stage LC, was the autoantibody against Wilms tumor protein 1 (WT1) with the maximum sensitivity of 90.3% for NSCLC and its sensitivity and specificity in a panel (T7 Phage 72, 91, 96, 252, 286, 290) were both above 90.0%. Single or TAAbs panels may be useful biomarkers for detecting LC patients at all stages or an early-stage in high-risk populations or health people, but the TAAbs panels showed higher detection performance than single TAAbs. The diagnostic value of the panel of six TAAbs, which is higher than the panel of seven TAAbs, may be used as potential biomarkers for the early detection of LC and can probably be used in combination with low-dose CT in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianyi Ren
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)), Bethesda, USA
| | - Yiyu Yin
- China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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14
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Singh RD, Shandilya R, Bhargava A, Kumar R, Tiwari R, Chaudhury K, Srivastava RK, Goryacheva IY, Mishra PK. Quantum Dot Based Nano-Biosensors for Detection of Circulating Cell Free miRNAs in Lung Carcinogenesis: From Biology to Clinical Translation. Front Genet 2018; 9:616. [PMID: 30574163 PMCID: PMC6291444 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most frequently occurring malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related death for men in our country. The only recommended screening method is clinic based low-dose computed tomography (also called a low-dose CT scan, or LDCT). However, the effect of LDCT on overall mortality observed in lung cancer patients is not statistically significant. Over-diagnosis, excessive cost, risks associated with radiation exposure, false positive results and delay in the commencement of the treatment procedure questions the use of LDCT as a reliable technique for population-based screening. Therefore, identification of minimal-invasive biomarkers able to detect malignancies at an early stage might be useful to reduce the disease burden. Circulating nucleic acids are emerging as important source of information for several chronic pathologies including lung cancer. Of these, circulating cell free miRNAs are reported to be closely associated with the clinical outcome of lung cancer patients. Smaller size, sequence homology between species, low concentration and stability are some of the major challenges involved in characterization and specific detection of miRNAs. To circumvent these problems, synthesis of a quantum dot based nano-biosensor might assist in sensitive, specific and cost-effective detection of differentially regulated miRNAs. The wide excitation and narrow emission spectra of these nanoparticles result in excellent fluorescent quantum yields with a broader color spectrum which make them ideal bio-entities for fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based detection for sequential or simultaneous study of multiple targets. In addition, photo-resistance and higher stability of these nanoparticles allows extensive exposure and offer state-of-the art sensitivity for miRNA targeting. A major obstacle for integrating QDs into clinical application is the QD-associated toxicity. However, the use of non-toxic shells along with surface modification not only overcomes the toxicity issues, but also increases the ability of QDs to quickly detect circulating cell free miRNAs in a non-invasive mode. The present review illustrates the importance of circulating miRNAs in lung cancer diagnosis and highlights the translational prospects of developing QD-based nano-biosensor for rapid early disease detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha D. Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Ruchita Shandilya
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Arpit Bhargava
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Rajat Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Rajnarayan Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Koel Chaudhury
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Rupesh K. Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Irina Y. Goryacheva
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
| | - Pradyumna K. Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
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15
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Wang P, Qin J, Ye H, Li L, Wang X, Zhang J. Using a panel of multiple tumor-associated antigens to enhance the autoantibody detection in the immunodiagnosis of ovarian cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:3091-3100. [PMID: 30484895 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) is a major malignancy affecting a large population over the world, and a biomarker that holds diagnostic potential is of critical importance. Recently, autoantibodies have been indicated as biomarkers in multiple cancer research. The current study was designed to explore the practice of using autoantibodies in diagnostic settings by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of sera with a panel of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). METHODS A panel of 12 TAAs was selected to detect the corresponding autoantibodies in sera sampled from 132 OC patients as case group and 147 normal healthy individuals as the control group. The diagnostic potential of this panel was evaluated by conventional evaluation, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, and classification tree analysis. RESULTS When the cutoff values were set as mean ± 2 SD for normal healthy individuals, the positive rates of antibodies to any single TAA were less than 20% both in OC and in normal healthy individuals. In a parallel screening approach, a panel of nine TAAs (p53, C-myc, p90, p62, AHSG, 14-3-3zeta, RalA, Koc, and p16), obtained optimal diagnostic performance in OC with the sensitivity of 61.4% at the 85.0% specificity. In addition, when the nine TAAs were combined with CA125, the sensitivity and specificity were improved to 94.7% and 78.2%, respectively. The ROC curve analyses showed that only the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) of antibodies against C-myc, Koc, and RalA was beyond 0.6, which were 0.732, 0.668, and 0.665, respectively. The AUC of the combination was up to 0.914 (P < 0.05). Decision tree analysis showed that C-myc, HCC1.3, RalA, and CA125 held high potential in the detection of OC. The panel of nine TAAs also identified 78.8% of OC patients who had normal CA125 levels in their serum samples, indicating that elevated CA125 and anti-TAA antibodies appeared to be independent but supplementary biomarkers for diagnosing OC. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the current study further supports that a customized TAA panel can serve as a promising and powerful tool for immunodiagnosis of OC and may be particularly useful in patients with normal CA125 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiejie Qin
- Department of epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Department of epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liuxia Li
- Department of obstetrics and gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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16
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Li P, Shi JX, Xing MT, Dai LP, Li JT, Zhang JY. Evaluation of serum autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens as biomarkers in lung cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317711662. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428317711662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Li
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Jian-Xiang Shi
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng-Tao Xing
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Li-Ping Dai
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ji-Tian Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Jian-Ying Zhang
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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17
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IGFBP, a novel target of lung cancer? Clin Chim Acta 2017; 466:172-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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18
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Tang ZM, Ling ZG, Wang CM, Wu YB, Kong JL. Serum tumor-associated autoantibodies as diagnostic biomarkers for lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182117. [PMID: 28750095 PMCID: PMC5547718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We performed a comprehensive review and meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic values of serum single and multiplex tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAbs) in patients with lung cancer (LC). METHODS We searched the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for relevant studies investigating serum TAAbs for the diagnosis of LC. The primary outcomes included sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the test. RESULTS The systematic review and meta-analysis included 31 articles with single autoantibody and 39 with multiplex autoantibodies. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was the most common detection method. For the diagnosis of patients with all stages and early-stage LC, different single or combinations of TAAbs demonstrated different diagnostic values. Although individual TAAbs showed low diagnostic sensitivity, the combination of multiplex autoantibodies offered relatively high sensitivity. For the meta-analysis of a same panel of autoantibodies in patients at all stages of LC, the pooled results of the panel of 6 TAAbs (p53, NY-ESO-1, CAGE, GBU4-5, Annexin 1 and SOX2) were: sensitivity 38% (95% CI 0.35-0.40), specificity 89% (95% CI 0.86-0.91), diagnostic accuracy 65.9% (range 62.5-81.8%), AUC 0.52 (0.48-0.57), while the summary estimates of 7 TAAbs (p53, CAGE, NY-ESO-1, GBU4-5, SOX2, MAGE A4 and Hu-D) were: sensitivity 47% (95% CI 0.34-0.60), specificity 90% (95% CI 0.89-0.92), diagnostic accuracy 78.4% (range 67.5-88.8%), AUC 0.90 (0.87-0.93). For the meta-analysis of the same panel of autoantibodies in patients at early-stage of LC, the sensitivities of both panels of 7 TAAbs and 6 TAAbs were 40% and 29.7%, while their specificities were 91% and 87%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Serum single or combinations of multiplex autoantibodies can be used as a tool for the diagnosis of LC patients at all stages or early-stage, but the combination of multiplex autoantibodies shows a higher detection capacity; the diagnostic value of the panel of 7 TAAbs is higher than the panel of 6 TAAbs, which may be used as potential biomarkers for the early detection of LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Ming Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Zhou-Gui Ling
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
- * E-mail: (ZGL); (JLK)
| | - Chun-Mei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the People's Hospital of Shenzhen Guangming New District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan-Bin Wu
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jin-Liang Kong
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- * E-mail: (ZGL); (JLK)
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19
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Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 is a new predictor of radiosensitivity on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17336. [PMID: 26670461 PMCID: PMC4680797 DOI: 10.1038/srep17336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) plays an essential role in radiosensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the underlying mechanism is not completely understood. Here, we observed that IGFBP-3 had favorable impact on the tumorigenicity of ESCC cells in nude mice by using an in vivo imaging system (IVIS) to monitor tumor growth treated with ionizing radiation (IR). Downregulation of IGFBP-3 expression enhanced tumor growth, inhibited anti-proliferative and apoptotic activity and result in IR resistance in vivo. Cell cycle antibody array suggested that silencing IGFBP-3 promoted transition from G0/G1 to S phase, perhaps though influencing Smad3 dephosphorylation and retinoblastoma protein (Rb) phosphorylation. Downregulation of P21 and P27, and upregulation of p-P27 (phospho-Thr187), cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), and cyclin E1 might contribute to the G0/G1 to S phase transition promoted by IGFBP-3. Our results suggest that Smad3-P27/P21-cyclin E1/CDK2-phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein pathways might be involved in this IGFBP-3 mediated radiosensitivity transition in ESCC.
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20
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Yao X, Sun S, Zhou X, Guo W, Zhang L. IGF-binding protein 2 is a candidate target of therapeutic potential in cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:1451-9. [PMID: 26662106 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein 2(IGFBP2), a key member of IGF family, has been reported as a notable oncogene in most human epithelium cancers. Increasing evidences suggested that IGFBP2 might be a candidate target of therapuetic potential by regulating key cancer metastasis and invasion-associated signaling networks, but there is still confusion about the mechanism on how IGFBP2 takes part in these processes. In this review, we summarized the current points of view that IGFBP2 functions in signaling pathways during tumorigenesis and tumor progression and discussed its potential clinical applications as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Yao
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Guo
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lun Zhang
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China. .,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Pfirschke C, Gebhardt C, Zörnig I, Pritsch M, Eichmüller SB, Jäger D, Enk A, Beckhove P. T cell responses in early-stage melanoma patients occur frequently and are not associated with humoral response. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:1369-81. [PMID: 26160687 PMCID: PMC11028448 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-015-1739-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous tumor-specific T cells are detectable in patients with different tumor types including malignant melanoma (MM). They can control tumor growth, have impact on patient survival and correlate with improved clinical response to immune checkpoint therapy. Thus, they may represent a potent biomarker for respective treatment decisions. So far, major target antigens of endogenous MM-reactive T cells have not been determined systematically. Instead, autoantibodies are discussed as surrogate parameter for MM-specific T cells. Throughout a period of more than 60 days after tumor resection, we therefore determined in 38 non-metastasized primary MM patients and in healthy individuals by IFNγ ELISpot and bead-based fluorescent multiplex assay major target antigens of spontaneous T cell and humoral responses using a broad panel of MM antigens and assessed the presence and suppressive impact of MM-reactive regulatory T cells (Tregs). We show that MM-reactive T cells are frequent in MM patients, transiently increase after tumor removal and are mostly directed against Melan-A/MART-1, Tyrosinase, NA17-A and p53. MM-specific Tregs were only detected in few patients and inhibited MM-reactive T cells particularly early after tumor resection. Tumor-specific autoantibodies occurred in most patients, but did not correlate with T cell responses. Thus, endogenous antibodies may not be reliable surrogate parameters of MM-reactive T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Pfirschke
- Division of Translational Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christoffer Gebhardt
- Skin Cancer Unit, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Ruperto-Carola University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruperto-Carola University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Inka Zörnig
- Department of Medical Oncology, NCT, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Pritsch
- Division of Translational Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan B Eichmüller
- Division of Translational Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Jäger
- Department of Medical Oncology, NCT, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Enk
- Department of Dermatology, Ruperto-Carola University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Beckhove
- Division of Translational Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
- University Clinic of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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Zhu H, Yun F, Shi X, Wang D. Inhibition of IGFBP-2 improves the sensitivity of bladder cancer cells to cisplatin via upregulating the expression of maspin. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:595-601. [PMID: 26080829 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to reveal the association between insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) and the sensitivity of bladder cancer cells to cisplatin, and determine the underlying mechanism involving maspin. A total of 32 bladder cancer tissue samples were collected for analysis. Cells of the BIU87 human bladder cancer cell line were cultured and a cisplatin-resistant subline (BIU87-CisR) was established by continuous exposure of the cells to cisplatin. Targeted inhibition of IGFBP-2 in the BIU87-CisR cells was performed using small interfering RNA technology. The expression levels of IGFBP-2 and maspin in the tissue samples and cells were analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. Cell viability following treatment in each group was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay subsequent to treatment with 3 μM cisplatin. The cell cycle and apoptotic rate of the BIU87-CisR cells were analyzed using flow cytometry. Finally, maspin-overexpressing BIU87-CisR cells were used to confirm the effect of maspin on the sensitivity of the cells to cisplatin. The expression levels of IGFBP-2 in chemoresistant patients and BIU87-CisR cells were significantly increased, compared with those in the chemosensitive patients and BIU87 cells, respectively. However, the expression levels of maspin were lower in the cisplatin-resistant tissue and cells, and was enhanced by IGFBP-2 inhibition. Cisplatin (3 μM) caused marked proliferation inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of the BIU87-CisR cells, the effect of which was enhanced by IGFBP-2 silencing. Overexpression of maspin also improved the sensitivity of the BIU87-CisR cells to cisplatin. In conclusion, inhibition of IGFBP-2 improved the sensitivity of bladder cancer cells to cisplatin by elevating the expression of maspin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Zhu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Feng Yun
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Shi
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
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Yau SW, Azar WJ, Sabin MA, Werther GA, Russo VC. IGFBP-2 - taking the lead in growth, metabolism and cancer. J Cell Commun Signal 2015; 9:125-42. [PMID: 25617050 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-015-0261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of the Insulin-like Growth Factors (IGFs) ligands elicited via their receptors and transduced by various intracellular signal pathways is modulated by the IGF Binding Proteins (IGFBPs). Among all the IGFBPs, IGFBP-2 has been implicated in the regulation of IGF activity in most tissue and organs. Besides binding to IGFs in the circulation these IGF-regulatory activities of IGFBP-2 involve interactions with components of the extracellular matrix, cell surface proteoglycans and integrin receptors. In addition to these local peri-cellular activities, IGFBP-2 exerts other key functions within the nucleus, where IGFBP-2 directly or indirectly promotes transcriptional activation of specific genes. All of these IGFBP-2 activities, intrinsic or dependent on IGFs, contribute to its functional roles in growth/development, metabolism and malignancy as evidenced by studies in IGFBP-2 animal models and also by many in vitro studies. Finally, preclinical studies have demonstrated that IGFBP-2 administration can be beneficial in improving metabolic responses (inhibition of adipogenesis and enhanced insulin sensitivity), while blockade of IGFBP-2 appears to be an effective approach to inhibiting tumour growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven W Yau
- Deparment of Cell Biology, Hormone Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Abstract
Lung cancer is the most frequently occurring cancer in the world and continually leads in mortality among cancers. The overall 5-year survival rate for lung cancer has risen only 4% (from 12% to 16%) over the past 4 decades, and late diagnosis is a major obstacle in improving lung cancer prognosis. Survival of patients undergoing lung resection is greater than 80%, suggesting that early detection and diagnosis of cancers before they become inoperable and lethal will greatly improve mortality. Lung cancer biomarkers can be used for screening, detection, diagnosis, prognosis, prediction, stratification, therapy response monitoring, and so on. This review focuses on noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. For that purpose, our discussion in this review will focus on biological fluid-based biomarkers. The body fluids include blood (serum or plasma), sputum, saliva, BAL, pleural effusion, and VOC. Since it is rich in different cellular and molecular elements and is one of the most convenient and routine clinical procedures, serum or plasma is the main source for the development and validation of many noninvasive biomarkers. In terms of molecular aspects, the most widely validated ones are proteins, some of which are used in the clinical sector, though in limited accessory purposes. We will also discuss the lung cancer (protein) biomarkers in clinical trials and currently in the validation phase with hundreds of samples. After proteins, we will discuss microRNAs, methylated DNA, and circulating tumor cells, which are being vigorously developed and validated as potential lung cancer biomarkers. The main aim of this review is to provide researchers and clinicians with an understanding of the potential noninvasive lung cancer biomarkers in biological fluids that have recently been discovered.
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Ying X, Zhao Y, Wang JL, Zhou X, Zhao J, He CC, Guo XJ, Jin GH, Wang LJ, Zhu Q, Han SX. Serum anti-osteopontin autoantibody as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:1550-6. [PMID: 25109745 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted phosphorylated and glycosylated protein, which plays an important role in carcinogenesis and metastasis. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), OPN is being investigated either as a therapeutic target gene or as a biomarker for diagnosis. Yet, the role of the anti-OPN autoantibody in HCC remains unclear. In the present study, the level of serum anti-OPN autoantibody in HCC was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was also performed to analyze protein expression profiles and the prognostic significance of OPN in HCC. In this study, the prevalence and titer of anti-OPN autoantibodies in HCC were significantly higher than these values in normal human serum (NHS) (P=0.001, P=0.000, respectively). When both α-fetoprotein and the autoantibody against OPN were used simultaneously as diagnostic biomarkers, the sensitivity was up to 65%. In IHC, 59 of the 83 (65.6%) HCC specimens expressed OPN with cytoplasmic positive staining. The overall survival (OS) of HCC patients with OPN-positive tumors was 28.81 months compared to 39.37 months for HCC patients with OPN-negative tumors (P<0.01). Furthermore, multivariate analysis showed that OPN overexpression was the strongest independent adverse prognostic factor for OS (P=0.02). Taken together, our data indicate that the anti-OPN autoantibody may be a supplementary serological biomarker for HCC, and is correlated with poor prognosis in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Ying
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Lan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Chen He
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Jing Guo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Hua Jin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Li-Juan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Su-Xia Han
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Kendrick ZW, Firpo MA, Repko RC, Scaife CL, Adler DG, Boucher KM, Mulvihill SJ. Serum IGFBP2 and MSLN as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for pancreatic cancer. HPB (Oxford) 2014; 16:670-6. [PMID: 24308545 PMCID: PMC4105906 DOI: 10.1111/hpb.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is a research priority for the improved management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) and mesothelin (MSLN) have shown potential as serum biomarkers in other cancers, but have not been adequately studied in PDAC. METHODS Serum IGFBP2 and MSLN levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a cohort of 84 PDAC patients, 84 healthy control subjects and 40 chronic pancreatitis (ChPT) patients. Regression models related IGFBP2 and MSLN levels to diagnosis, gender, age, stage and survival. RESULTS IGFPB2 and MSLN serum levels were diagnostic for PDAC in age-adjusted models (P = 0.032 and P = 0.002, respectively) when compared with ChPT and healthy control samples. At a 95% specificity threshold, the sensitivity for IGFBP2 was 22% and the sensitivity for MSLN was 17%. Neither protein approached the diagnostic accuracy of CA 19-9. However, IGFBP2 or MSLN or both correctly identified 18 of the 28 samples misidentified by CA 19-9. In age-adjusted models, neither serum IGFBP2 (P = 0.36) nor MSLN (P = 0.29) were significant predictors of survival. DISCUSSION Serum IGFBP2 and MSLN are weak diagnostic classifiers individually, but may be useful in a diagnostic biomarker panel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary W Kendrick
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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27
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Elevated expression of Cripto-1 correlates with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8673-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2039-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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28
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Wu CC, Chang YT, Chang KP, Liu YL, Liu HP, Lee IL, Yu JS, Chiang WF. Salivary auto-antibodies as noninvasive diagnostic markers of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:1569-78. [PMID: 24859869 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and its incidence is still increasing. Approximately 50% of patients with OSCC die within 5 years after diagnosis, mostly ascribed to the fact that the majority of patients present advanced stages of OSCC at the time of diagnosis. METHODS To discover salivary biomarkers for ameliorating the detection of OSCC, herein, we developed a multiplexed bead-based platform to simultaneously detect auto-antibodies (auto-Abs) in salivary samples. RESULTS Compared with healthy individuals, the salivary levels of anti-p53, anti-survivin, anti-Hsp60, and anti-RPLP0 were significantly elevated in patients with OSCC. Noteworthily, the elevated levels of anti-p53, anti-survivin, and anti-Hsp60 were already observed in individuals with oral potentially malignant disorder. Moreover, the salivary levels of anti-p53, anti-survivin, anti-Hsp60, anti-RPLP0, and anti-CK8 were significantly elevated in patients with early-stage OSCC compared with those in healthy individuals. Most importantly, the use of a combined panel of salivary anti-p53, anti-survivin, anti-Hsp60, and anti-RPLP0 largely improves the detection of OSCC. CONCLUSION Collectively, our results reveal that the salivary auto-Abs are effective OSCC biomarkers and the four-auto-Ab panel provides a novel and practicable approach for OSCC screening. IMPACT This study provides the first evidence for the potential clinical application of salivary auto-Abs in OSCC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ching Wu
- Departments of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, and Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan;
| | - Ya-Ting Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-Kou
| | - Yu-Ling Liu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan
| | - Hao-Ping Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung
| | - I-Ling Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying; and
| | - Jau-Song Yu
- Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan
| | - Wei-Fan Chiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying; and School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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29
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Jia J, Wang W, Meng W, Ding M, Ma S, Wang X. Development of a multiplex autoantibody test for detection of lung cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95444. [PMID: 24755629 PMCID: PMC3995760 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths for both men and women. Early diagnosis of lung cancer has a 5-year survival rate of 48.8%, however, nearly 35% of stage I patients relapses after surgical resection, thus portending a poor prognosis. Therefore, detecting lung cancer in early stage and further identifying the high-risk patients would allow the opportunity to provide adjuvant therapy and possibly increase survival. There is considerable evidence that the immune system produces an autoantibody response to neoplastic cells. The detection of such autoantibodies has been shown to have diagnostic and prognostic value. Here we took advantage of the high-throughput Luminex technique to multiplex a total of 14 tumor-associated autoantigens to detect the autoantibody from the patients sera. The 14 antigens were expressed by in vitro transcription/translation system with HaloTag at N-terminus. The fusion proteins were then covalently immobilized onto the Luminex microspheres conjugated by the halo-link ligand, thus eliminating the protein purification procedure. Sera samples from cancer patients and healthy controls were interacted with the microsphere-antigen complex to measure the autoantibodies. We have developed a quick multiplex detection system for measuring autoantibody signature from patient sera with minimal cross-reaction. A panel of seven autoantibody biomarkers has generated an AUC>80% in distinguishing the lung cancers from healthy controls. This study is the first report by combining Luminex platform and HaloTag technology to detect humoral immune response in cancer patients. Due to the flexibility of the Luminex technology, this approach can be applied to others conditions such as infectious, neurological, and metabolic diseases. One can envision that this multiplex Luminex system as well as the panel of seven biomarkers could be used to screen the high-risk population with subsequent CT test based on the blood test result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jia
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhe Wang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Wen Meng
- Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Mingjian Ding
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Shenglin Ma
- Institute of Lung Cancer, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (XW); (SM)
| | - Xiaoju Wang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Institute of Lung Cancer, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (XW); (SM)
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Abstract
The worldwide clinical and scientific interest in peptides belonging to the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has brought along a call for standardization of assays used to quantify the different IGF related proteins. This relates in particular to the measurement of IGF-I, which has stood the test of time as an important biochemical tool in the diagnosis and treatment of growth hormone (GH) related disorders. The first international consensus statement on the measurement of IGF-I in 2011 represents an important milestone and will undoubtedly improve commutability of reference ranges for IGF-I and clinically applicable cut-off values. By contrast, there is no consensus addressing the measurements of the other IGF-related peptides. Nevertheless, measurement of these peptides may be of interest, either as additional tools in GH disorders or as prognostic biomarkers of various diseases. Therefore, standardization of assays for the other IGF-related peptides is highly relevant. This chapter discusses the recent consensus on IGF-I measurements and how this approach may be applied to measurement of the other IGF-related peptides. In addition, assay pitfalls, pre- and post-analytical challenges, alternative methods for IGF-I measurements and potential assays of tomorrow will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Hjortebjerg
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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31
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Guo C, Lu H, Gao W, Wang L, Lu K, Wu S, Pataer A, Huang M, El-Zein R, Lin T, Roth JA, Mehran R, Hofstetter W, Swisher SG, Wu X, Fang B. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 level is increased in blood of lung cancer patients and associated with poor survival. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74973. [PMID: 24069370 PMCID: PMC3775736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We recently showed that IGFBP2 is overexpressed in primary lung cancer tissues. This study aims to determine whether IGFBP2 is elevated in blood samples of lung cancer patients and whether its level is associated with clinical outcomes. Methodology/Principal Findings Plasma IGFBP2 levels were determined blindly by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 80 lung cancer patients and 80 case-matched healthy controls for comparison. We analyzed blood samples for IGFBP2 levels from an additional 84 patients with lung cancer and then tested for associations between blood IGFBP2 levels and clinical parameters in all 164 lung cancer patients. All statistical tests were two-sided and differences with p<0.05 were considered significant. The mean plasma concentration of IGFBP2 in lung cancer patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (388.12±261.00 ng/ml vs 219.30±172.84 ng/ml, p<0.001). IGFBP2 was increased in all types of lung cancer, including adenocarcinoma, squamous cell cancer, and small-cell cancer, regardless of patients’ age, sex, or smoking status. IGFBP2 levels were mildly but significantly associated with tumor size and were significantly higher in stage IV than stage I or III disease. A multivariate analysis showed that lung cancer patients whose blood IGFBP2 was higher than 160.9 ng/ml had a poor survival outcome, with a hazard ratio of 8.76 (95% CI 1.12-68.34, p=0.038 after adjustment for tumor size, pathology, and stage). The median survival time for patients with blood IGFBP2 >160.9 ng/ml is 15.1 months; whereas median survival time was 128.2 months for the patients whose blood IGFBP2 was ≤160.9 ng/ml (p =0.0002). Conclusions/Significance Blood IGFBP2 is significantly increased in lung cancer patients. A high circulating level of IGFBP2 is significantly associated with poor survival, suggesting that blood IGFBP2 levels could be a prognostic biomarker for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Guo
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haibo Lu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- The 8 Department of Internal Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wen Gao
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kaihua Lu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Shuhong Wu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Apar Pataer
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Maosheng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Randa El-Zein
- Department of Epidemiology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tongyu Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jack A. Roth
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Reza Mehran
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Wayne Hofstetter
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Stephen G. Swisher
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bingliang Fang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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