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Khalilian S, Hosseini Imani SZ, Abedinlou H, Omrani MA, Ghafouri-Fard S. miR-196a in the carcinogenesis and other disorders with an especial focus on its biomarker capacity. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155433. [PMID: 38959626 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
miR-196a has important roles in the pathoetiology of different disorders ranging from non-malignant to malignant ones. This miRNA is transcribed from two genomic loci, namely HOXC and HOXB on human chromosomes 12 and 17, respectively. The current study aims to summarize the role of miR-196a in different disorders. In the most conducted studies in the framework of cancer, miR-196a has been identified as an oncogene. However, few studies are not conformed to this concept. In head and neck, lung, oral and pancreatic cancers, miR-196a is a possible diagnostic marker. In addition, it has a possible role in the pathoetiology of diabetic nephropathy, Huntington's disease, idiopathic male infertility, keloid, chronic kidney disease and spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy; and is regarded as a biomarker for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and chronic kidney disease. We aim to recapitulate the role of miR-196a in different malignant and non-malignant disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheyda Khalilian
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Zahra Hosseini Imani
- Division of Genetics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Abedinlou
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Amin Omrani
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center (UNRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Dental Research Center, Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Huang M, Li S, Zeng H, Zhu Y, Zhang F, Cai J. Exosomal miR-196a-5p contributes to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma malignant progression by inhibiting ITM2B. Pathol Int 2024. [PMID: 38940569 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes from cancer cells function as carriers to spread or transport specific microRNAs (miRNAs) to distant sites to exert their effects, but the mechanism of exosomal miRNA action in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not been fully explained. Therefore, in this study, we were interested in the impact of exosomal miR-196a-5p in ESCC progression. We found that miR-196a-5p was expressed enriched in clinical tissues, ESCC cells, and exosomes. Functionally, depletion of miR-196a-5p impeded ESCC cell growth, migration, and invasion, whereas overexpression of miR-196a-5p produced the opposite results. Moreover, enhancement of exosomal miR-196a-5p in recipient ESCC cells triggered more intense proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, we identified integral membrane protein 2B (ITM2B) as a direct target of miR-196a-5p. Silencing of ITM2B partially counteracted the inhibitory effect of miR-196a-5p inhibitors on the malignant phenotype of ESCC. Furthermore, in vivo, lower miR-196a-5p levels triggered by the introduction of antagomiR-196a-5p resulted in the generation of smaller volume and weight xenograft tumors. Thus, our results demonstrated novel mechanisms of exosomal and intracellular miR-196a-5p-mediated ESCC growth and migration and identify the interaction of miR-196a-5p with ITM2B. These works might provide new targets and basis for the development of clinical treatment options for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Hai Zeng
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
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Sun QH, Kuang ZY, Zhu GH, Ni BY, Li J. Multifaceted role of microRNAs in gastric cancer stem cells: Mechanisms and potential biomarkers. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:300-313. [PMID: 38425402 PMCID: PMC10900144 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i2.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have received much attention in the past decade as potential key epigenomic regulators of tumors and cancer stem cells (CSCs). The abnormal expression of miRNAs is responsible for different phenotypes of gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs). Some specific miRNAs could be used as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the identification of GCSCs. This review summarizes the coding process and biological functions of miRNAs and demonstrates their role and efficacy in gastric cancer (GC) metastasis, drug resistance, and apoptosis, especially in the regulatory mechanism of GCSCs. It shows that the overexpression of onco-miRNAs and silencing of tumor-suppressor miRNAs can play a role in promoting or inhibiting tumor metastasis, apart from the initial formation of GC. It also discusses the epigenetic regulation and potential clinical applications of miRNAs as well as the role of CSCs in the pathogenesis of GC. We believe that this review may help in designing novel therapeutic approaches for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Hui Sun
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zi-Yu Kuang
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guang-Hui Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Bao-Yi Ni
- Department of Oncology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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Qu J, Qiu B, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Wang Z, Guan Z, Qin Y, Sui T, Wu F, Li B, Han W, Peng X. The tumor-enriched small molecule gambogic amide suppresses glioma by targeting WDR1-dependent cytoskeleton remodeling. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:424. [PMID: 37935665 PMCID: PMC10630452 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01666-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most prevalent brain tumor, presenting with limited treatment options, while patients with malignant glioma and glioblastoma (GBM) have poor prognoses. The physical obstacle to drug delivery imposed by the blood‒brain barrier (BBB) and glioma stem cells (GSCs), which are widely recognized as crucial elements contributing to the unsatisfactory clinical outcomes. In this study, we found a small molecule, gambogic amide (GA-amide), exhibited the ability to effectively penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and displayed a notable enrichment within the tumor region. Moreover, GA-amide exhibited significant efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth across various in vivo glioma models, encompassing transgenic and primary patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. We further performed a genome-wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) knockout screen to determine the druggable target of GA-amide. By the combination of the cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), the drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) approach, molecular docking simulation and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis, WD repeat domain 1 (WDR1) was identified as the direct binding target of GA-amide. Through direct interaction with WDR1, GA-amide promoted the formation of a complex involving WDR1, MYH9 and Cofilin, which accelerate the depolymerization of F-actin to inhibit the invasion of patient-derived glioma cells (PDCs) and induce PDC apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. In conclusion, our study not only identified GA-amide as an effective and safe agent for treating glioma but also shed light on the underlying mechanisms of GA-amide from the perspective of cytoskeletal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaorong Qu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Bojun Qiu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixing Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiang Guan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Qin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Sui
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Boyang Li
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaozhong Peng
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Beijing, China.
- National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource Center, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Ryu Y, Hwang JS, Bo Noh K, Park SH, Seo JH, Shin YJ. Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote the Regeneration of Corneal Endothelium Through Ameliorating Senescence. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:29. [PMID: 37850944 PMCID: PMC10593138 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.13.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Human corneal endothelial cells (hCECs) have been considered unable to regenerate in vivo, resulting in corneal decompensation after significant loss of hCECs. adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ASC)-derived exosomes can regenerate tissues and organs. In this study, we investigated whether ASC-derived exosomes could protect and regenerate CECs. Methods We performed cell viability and cell-cycle analyses to evaluate the effect of ASC-derived exosomes on the regeneration capacity of cultured hCECs. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were used to induce biological stress in CECs. The effect of ASC-derived exosomes on CECs was investigated in vivo. ASC-derived exosomes were introduced into rat CECs using electroporation, and rat corneas were injured using cryoinjury. Next-generation sequencing analysis was performed to compare the differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) between ASC-derived and hCEC-derived exosomes. Results ASC-derived exosomes induced CEC proliferation and suppressed TGF-β- or H2O2-induced oxidative stress and senescence. ASC-derived exosomes protect hCECs against TGF-β- or H2O2-induced endothelial-mesenchymal transition and mitophagy. In an in vivo study, ASC-derived exosomes promoted wound healing of rat CECs and protected the corneal endothelium against cryoinjury-induced corneal endothelium damage. Next-generation sequencing analysis revealed differentially expressed miRNAs for ASC-derived and hCEC-derived exosomes. They are involved in lysine degradation, adherens junction, the TGF-β signaling pathway, the p53 signaling pathway, the Hippo signaling pathway, the forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathway, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and RNA degradation based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Conclusions ASC-derived exosomes promoted wound healing and regeneration of endothelial cells by inducing a shift in the cell cycle and suppressing senescence and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkyoung Ryu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sun Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Bo Noh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hie Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Hyun Seo
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Zhu Y, Tang Y, Fan Y, Wu D. MiR-196a-5p facilitates progression of estrogen-dependent endometrial cancer by regulating FOXO1. Histol Histopathol 2023; 38:1157-1168. [PMID: 36573636 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Estrogen-dependent endometrial cancer mainly occurs in younger pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women and threatens their health. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been considered as novel targets in endometrial cancer treatment. Therefore, we aimed to explore the effect of miRNA (miR)-196a-5p in estrogen-dependent endometrial cancer. METHODS 17β-estradiol (E2; 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 nM) was used to treat RL95-2, HEC-1B and ECC-1 cells followed by cell viability assessment using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). The level of miR-196a-5p was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). We then transfected miR-196a-5p mimic/inhibitor and Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) small interfering RNA (siRNA) into E2-treated cells. Apoptotic cells were measured by flow cytometry. Wound healing and Transwell assays were implemented to assess migration and invasion. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assays were applied to confirm the interaction between miR-196a-5p and FOXO1. Immunoblotting determined the levels of FOXO1, Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase 3. RESULTS E2 promoted cell viability and miR-196a-5p expression in RL95-2 and ECC-1 cells. miR-196a-5p mimic enhanced cell viability, migration and invasion but suppressed apoptosis and FOXO1, whilst miR-196a-5p inhibitor blocked these processes. In addition, miR-196a-5p upregulated Bcl-2, but down regulated Bax and Caspase 3 expression, an effect that was reversed by miR-196a-5p inhibitor. We determined that miR-196a-5p targeted FOXO1, and that si-FOXO1 blocked the effects of miR-196a-5p inhibitor on viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion of E2-treated RL95-2 and ECC-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications for miR-196a-5p and its FOXO1 target in patients suffering from estrogen-dependent endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhang Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing Second Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanfei Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing Second Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaohua Fan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing Second Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongjuan Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing Second Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China.
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Fathi D, Elballal MS, Elesawy AE, Abulsoud AI, Elshafei A, Elsakka EG, Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Elrebehy MA, Doghish AS. An emphasis on the interaction of signaling pathways highlights the role of miRNAs in the etiology and treatment resistance of gastric cancer. Life Sci 2023; 322:121667. [PMID: 37023952 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is 4th in incidence and mortality rates globally. Several genetic and epigenetic factors, including microRNAs (miRNAs), affect its initiation and progression. miRNAs are short chains of nucleic acids that can regulate several cellular processes by controlling their gene expression. So, dysregulation of miRNAs expressions is associated with GC initiation, progression, invasion capacity, apoptosis evasions, angiogenesis, promotion and EMT enhancement. Of important pathways in GC and controlled by miRNAs are Wnt/β-catenin signaling, HMGA2/mTOR/P-gp, PI3K/AKT/c-Myc, VEGFR and TGFb signaling. Hence, this review was conducted to review an updated view of the role of miRNAs in GC pathogenesis and their modulatory effects on responses to different GC treatment modalities.
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Tan WL, Subha ST, Mohtarrudin N, Cheah YK. An insight into the associations between microRNA expression and mitochondrial functions in cancer cell and cancer stem cell. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5395-5405. [PMID: 37074612 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08421-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
The self-renew ability of cancer stem cells (CSCs) continues to challenge our determination for accomplishing cancer therapy breakthrough. Ineffectiveness of current cancer therapies to eradicate CSCs has contributed to chemoresistance and tumor recurrence. Yet, the discoveries of highly effective therapies have not been thoroughly developed. Further insights into cancer metabolomics and gene-regulated mechanisms of mitochondria in CSCs can expedite the development of novel anticancer drugs. In cancer cells, the metabolism is reprogrammed from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis. This alteration allows the cancer cell to receive continuous energy supplies and avoid apoptosis. The pyruvate obtained from glycolysis produces acetyl-coenzyme A (Acetyl-CoA) via oxidative decarboxylation and enters the tricarboxylic acid cycle for adenosine triphosphate generation. Mitochondrial calcium ion (Ca2+) uptake is responsible for mitochondrial physiology regulation, and reduced uptake of Ca2+ inhibits apoptosis and enhances cell survival in cancer. There have been many discoveries of mitochondria-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) stimulating the metabolic alterations in mitochondria via gene regulation which promote cancer cell survival. These miRNAs are also found in CSCs where they regulate genes and activate different mechanisms to destroy the mitochondria and enhance CSCs survival. By targeting the miRNAs that induced mitochondrial destruction, the mitochondrial functions can be restored; thus, it triggers CSCs apoptosis and completely eliminates the CSCs. In general, this review article aims to address the associations between miRNAs with mitochondrial activities in cancer cells and cancer stem cells that support cancer cell survival and self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wee Lin Tan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sethu Thakachy Subha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norhafizah Mohtarrudin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yoke Kqueen Cheah
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Institute of Bioscience UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory (CANRES), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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miR-196a-5p Correlates with Chronic Atrophic Gastritis Progression to Gastric Cancer and Induces Malignant Biological Behaviors of Gastric Cancer Cells by Targeting ACER2. Mol Biotechnol 2022:10.1007/s12033-022-00589-8. [PMID: 36513872 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00589-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the prognosis of early gastric cancer (EGC) is significantly better than that of advanced gastric cancer (AGC), the development of biomarkers to monitor the progression of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) to gastric cancer (GC) is essential. METHODS Stomach tissue miRNA and mRNA sequences from patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis (CNAG), CAG, precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC), and GC were analyzed. A publicly available GC-related miRNA microarray dataset was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Spearman's correlation and differential gene analyses, and clinical validation were used to identify novel miRNAs correlating with CAG progression to GC. miRNA targets were predicted using weighted gene co-expression analysis and databases. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to check for direct interaction between miR-196a-5p and ACER2. The CCK-8 and wound healing assays, and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. RESULTS miR-196a-5p was correlated with CAG progression to GC. Overexpression of miR-196a-5p promoted GC cell proliferation and migration and inhibited apoptosis, whereas suppression of miR-196a-5p exerted the opposite effect. Based on the prediction and luciferase assays, ACER2 was identified as the target of miR-196a-5p. ACER2 was downregulated in GC cell lines. Knockdown of ACER2 increased GC cell proliferation rates and migration ability and inhibited apoptosis, while ACER2 overexpression led to the opposite effect. CONCLUSIONS miR-196a-5p correlated with CAG progression to GC and induced malignant biological behaviors of GC cells by targeting ACER2, providing a novel monitoring biomarker and target for GC prevention.
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Yang Y, Meng WJ, Wang ZQ. The origin of gastric cancer stem cells and their effects on gastric cancer: Novel therapeutic targets for gastric cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:960539. [PMID: 36185219 PMCID: PMC9520244 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.960539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies and the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Furthermore, the prognosis of advanced GC remains poor even after surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy. As a small group of cells with unlimited differentiation and self-renewal ability in GC, accumulating evidence shows that GC stem cells (GCSCs) are closely associated with the refractory characteristics of GC, such as drug resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. With the extensive development of research on GCSCs, GCSCs seem to be promising therapeutic targets for GC. However, the relationship between GCSCs and GC is profound and intricate, and its mechanism of action is still under exploration. In this review, we elaborate on the source and key concepts of GCSCs, systematically summarize the role of GCSCs in GC and their underlying mechanisms. Finally, we review the latest information available on the treatment of GC by targeting GCSCs. Thus, this article may provide a theoretical basis for the future development of the novel targets based on GCSCs for the treatment of GC.
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Rao X, Zhang C, Luo H, Zhang J, Zhuang Z, Liang Z, Wu X. Targeting Gastric Cancer Stem Cells to Enhance Treatment Response. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182828. [PMID: 36139403 PMCID: PMC9496718 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) was the fourth deadliest cancer in the world in 2020, and about 770,000 people died from GC that year. The death of patients with GC is mainly caused by the metastasis, recurrence, and chemotherapy resistance of GC cells. The cancer stem cell theory defines cancer stem cells (CSCs) as a key factor in the metastasis, recurrence, and chemotherapy resistance of cancer. It considers targeting gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) to be an effective method for the treatment of GC. For GCSCs, genes or noncoding RNAs are important regulatory factors. Many experimental studies have found that some drugs can target the stemness of gastric cancer by regulating these genes or noncoding RNAs, which may bring new directions for the clinical treatment of gastric cancer. Therefore, this review mainly discusses related genes or noncoding RNAs in GCSCs and drugs that target its stemness, thereby providing some information for the treatment of GC.
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LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 participates in ox-LDL-induced proliferation/apoptosis imbalance in vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the miR-196a-5p/FOXO1 axis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106622. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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miRNA Regulatory Networks Associated with Peripheral Vascular Diseases. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11123470. [PMID: 35743538 PMCID: PMC9224609 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence indicates a crucial role of miRNA regulatory function in a variety of mechanisms that contribute to the development of diseases. In our previous work, alterations in miRNA expression levels and targeted genes were shown in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with lower extremity artery disease (LEAD), abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), and chronic venous disease (CVD) in comparison with healthy controls. In this paper, previously obtained miRNA expression profiles were compared between the LEAD, AAA, and CVD groups to find either similarities or differences within the studied diseases. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified using the DESeq2 method implemented in the R programming software. Pairwise comparisons (LEAD vs. AAA, LEAD vs. CVD, and AAA vs. CVD) were performed and revealed 10, 8, and 17 differentially expressed miRNA transcripts, respectively. The functional analysis of the obtained miRNAs was conducted using the miRNet 2.0 online tool and disclosed associations with inflammation and cellular differentiation, motility, and death. The miRNet 2.0 tool was also used to identify regulatory interactions between dysregulated miRNAs and target genes in patients with LEAD, AAA, and CVD. The presented research provides new information about similarities and differences in the miRNA-dependent regulatory mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of LEAD, AAA, and CVD.
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14
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Xiang X, Ma HZ, Chen YQ, Zhang DZ, Ma SX, Wang HJ, Liu DM, Yuan Y, Cai H. GM-CSF-miRNA-Jak2/Stat3 Signaling Mediates Chemotherapy-Induced Cancer Cell Stemness in Gastric Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:855351. [PMID: 35600882 PMCID: PMC9117965 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.855351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy serves as the first choice in clinic to treat advanced gastric cancer. However, emerging evidence indicated the induction of drug resistance and cancer stem cells occasionally by chemotherapy, which seriously limit the therapeutic effects, but the regulatory mechanism remains unclear. Here we treated two human gastric cancer cell lines SGC7901 and BGC823 with 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) or Cisplatin (DDP) in vitro. The survived cells showed significant increase of drug resistance, cell stemness and cytokine GM-CSF expression and secretion. As such, GM-CSF was applied to stimulate gastric cancer cells, followed by the subpopulation of CD133+ CSC analysis, sphere formation assay and stemness genes expression analysis. As a result, CSCs showed induction by GM-CSF treatment. A gastric cancer animal model further indicated that the gastric cancer cells significantly promoted tumor growth after GM-CSF treatment in vivo. High-throughput miRNA and mRNA sequencing analyses identified a subset of miRNAs and mRNAs under regulation of both 5-Fu and GM-CSF in gastric cancer cells, including upregulation of miR-877-3p and downregulation of SOCS2. Targeted overexpression or knockdown of miR-877-3p in gastric cancer cells revealed the oncogenic function of miR-877-3p in regulating gastric cancer by suppressing target gene SOCS2. Jak2/Stat3 signaling pathway, as a downstream target of SOCS2, showed activation in vitro and in vivo after treatment with miR-877-3p or GM-CSF. Our findings not only revealed a novel mechanism through which chemotherapy induced CSCs in gastric cancer via GM-CSF-miRNA-Jak2/Stat3 signaling, but also provided an experimental evidence for appropriate dose reduction of adjuvant chemotherapy in treatment of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Xiang
- Gansu General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Hai-zhong Ma
- Gansu General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Ya-qiong Chen
- Gansu General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Dong-zhi Zhang
- Gansu General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Shi-xu Ma
- Gansu General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Hong-jing Wang
- Gansu General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - De-ming Liu
- Gansu General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Gansu General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Hui Cai
- Gansu General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Gansu, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Cai,
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15
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Koh MZ, Ho WY, Yeap SK, Ali NM, Yong CY, Boo L, Alitheen NB. Exosomal-microRNA transcriptome profiling of Parental and CSC-like MDA-MB-231 cells in response to cisplatin treatment. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 233:153854. [PMID: 35398617 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype with higher risk of metastasis and cancer reoccurrence. Cisplatin is one of the potential anticancer drugs for treating TNBC, where its effectiveness remains challenged by frequent occurrence of cisplatin resistance. Since acquirement of drug resistance often being associated with presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), investigation has been conducted, suggesting CSC-like subpopulation to be more resistant to cisplatin than their parental counterpart. On the other hand, plethora evidences showed the transmission of exosomal-miRNAs are capable of promoting drug resistance in breast cancers. In this study, we aim to elucidate the differential expression of exosomal-microRNAs profile and reveal the potential target genes in correlation to cisplatin resistance associated with CSC-like subpopulation by using TNBC cell line (MDA-MB-231). Utilizing next generation sequencing and Nanostring techniques, cisplatin-induced dysregulation of exosomal-miRNAs were evaluated in maximal for CSC-like subpopulation as compared to parental cells. Intriguingly, more oncogenic exosomal-miRNAs profile was detected from treated CSC-like subpopulation, which may correlate to enhancement of drug resistance and maintenance of CSCs. In treated CSC-like subpopulation, unique clusters of exosomal-miRNAs namely miR-221-3p, miR-196a-5p, miR-17-5p and miR-126-3p were predicted to target on six genes (ATXN1, LATS1, GSK3β, ITGA6, JAG1 and MYC), aligned with previous finding which demonstrated dysregulation of these genes in treated CSC-like subpopulation. Our results highlight the potential correlation of exosomal-miRNAs and their target genes as well as novel perspectives of the corresponding pathways that may be essential to contribute to the attenuated cytotoxicity of cisplatin in CSC-like subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Zie Koh
- Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Yong Ho
- Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia.
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang 43900, Malaysia.
| | - Norlaily Mohd Ali
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Cheras 43000, Malaysia.
| | - Chean Yeah Yong
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Lily Boo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Cheras 43000, Malaysia.
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
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16
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Evaluation of hydroalcoholic extract effects of Ferula assa-foetida on expression change of EMT and CD44-related genes in gastric cancer stem cell. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Dastmalchi N, Safaralizadeh R, Teimourian S. An updated review of the contribution of noncoding RNAs to the progression of gastric cancer stem cells: Molecular mechanisms of viability, invasion, and chemoresistance of gastric cancer stem cells. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 17:440-445. [PMID: 35081895 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x17666220126143302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of death and cancer mortality in the world, with poor survival for cases with higher stages of GC. During the past decade, GC stem cells (GCSCs) - a group of cancer cells- have been the focus of numerous cancer researches. GCSCs have the capability of self-renewal and are identified to be participated in GC development, invasion, chemoresistance, and tumor relapse. Research projects have indicated the main activities of noncoding RNAs in cellular pathways. Micro (mi)RNAs and lncRNAs play important functions in the modulation of different cellular pathways in the post-transcriptional form, through their dysregulated expression in several cancers, including GC. In this paper, we highlight the impact of dysregulated expression of micro-and lncRNAs and their downstream transcripts on GCSCs. Data collection about the progression of GCSCs may be beneficial for the introduction of new insights to the GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Dastmalchi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Teimourian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
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18
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Li R, Chen X, Li X, Huang G, Lu C, Wen Z, Chen Z, Lai Y. A four-miRNA signature in serum as a biomarker for bladder cancer diagnosis. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:4606-4616. [PMID: 35958461 PMCID: PMC9360833 DOI: pmid/35958461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary bladder cancer (BCa) is globally the 10th most frequent cancer. As a novel diagnostic tool, miRNA in serum screening is non-invasive. This project aimed to determine particular serum miRNAs as novel biomarkers for diagnosing urinary BCa. METHODS We designed a three-phase study with 122 healthy controls (HCs) and 132 BCa patients. The 30 miRNAs' expressions in serum from HCs and BCa patients were detected during the screening phase. The miRNAs with the most dysregulation were tested in the training (HCs vs. BCa, 30 each) and validation (80 HCs vs. 82 BCa) phase further. The diagnostic ability of these candidate miRNAs was estimated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves as well as the area under the ROC curve (AUC). The miRNAs' target genes and their annotations to functions were predicted utilizing bioinformatic assays. RESULTS Six serum miRNAs (miR-124-3p, miR-182-5p, miR-1-3p, miR-196a-5p, miR-23b-3p and miR-34a-5p) had significantly different expression between BCa patients and HCs in the training and validation phase. The four-microRNA panel improved the diagnostic value, with AUC =0.985. The result of bioinformatic analysis showed that these miRNAs' target genes in the panel may be related to the MAPK signaling pathway in bladder cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified a four-miRNA panel that is a non-invasive new biomarker for diagnosing BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongkang Li
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Clinical College of Anhui Medical UniversityShenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Clinical College of Anhui Medical UniversityShenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinji Li
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Clinical College of Anhui Medical UniversityShenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Guocheng Huang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Clinical College of Anhui Medical UniversityShenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Chong Lu
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Clinical College of Anhui Medical UniversityShenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Zhenyu Wen
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Clinical College of Anhui Medical UniversityShenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zebo Chen
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Clinical College of Anhui Medical UniversityShenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongqing Lai
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Clinical College of Anhui Medical UniversityShenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, Anhui, China
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19
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Liu Y, Ao X, Ji G, Zhang Y, Yu W, Wang J. Mechanisms of Action And Clinical Implications of MicroRNAs in the Drug Resistance of Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:768918. [PMID: 34912714 PMCID: PMC8667691 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.768918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of digestive systems worldwide, with high recurrence and mortality. Chemotherapy is still the standard treatment option for GC and can effectively improve the survival and life quality of GC patients. However, with the emergence of drug resistance, the clinical application of chemotherapeutic agents has been seriously restricted in GC patients. Although the mechanisms of drug resistance have been broadly investigated, they are still largely unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a large group of small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) widely involved in the occurrence and progression of many cancer types, including GC. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that miRNAs may play crucial roles in the development of drug resistance by regulating some drug resistance-related proteins as well as gene expression. Some also exhibit great potential as novel biomarkers for predicting drug response to chemotherapy and therapeutic targets for GC patients. In this review, we systematically summarize recent advances in miRNAs and focus on their molecular mechanisms in the development of drug resistance in GC progression. We also highlight the potential of drug resistance-related miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guoqiang Ji
- Clinical Laboratory, Linqu People's Hospital, Linqu, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wanpeng Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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20
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Chen D, Ping S, Xu Y, Wang M, Jiang X, Xiong L, Zhang L, Yu H, Xiong Z. Non-Coding RNAs in Gastric Cancer: From Malignant Hallmarks to Clinical Applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:732036. [PMID: 34805143 PMCID: PMC8595133 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.732036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying gastric carcinogenesis remain largely unknown. Over the past decades, advances in RNA-sequencing techniques have greatly facilitated the identification of various non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in cancer cells, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). Accumulating evidence has revealed that ncRNAs are essential regulators in GC occurrence and development. However, ncRNAs represent an emerging field of cancer research, and their complex functionality remains to be clarified. Considering the lack of viable biomarkers and therapeutic targets in GC, further studies should focus on elucidating the intricate relationships between ncRNAs and GC, which can be translated into clinical practice. In this review, we summarize recent research progress on how ncRNAs modulate the malignant hallmarks of GC, especially in tumor immune escape, drug resistance, and stemness. We also discuss the promising applications of ncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in GC, aiming to validate their practical value for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Ping
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yushuang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lina Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Honglu Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhifan Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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21
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Dong X, Cao R, Li Q, Yin L. The Long Noncoding RNA-H19 Mediates the Progression of Fibrosis from Acute Kidney Injury to Chronic Kidney Disease by Regulating the miR-196a/Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Nephron Clin Pract 2021; 146:209-219. [PMID: 34818249 DOI: 10.1159/000518756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in the occurrence and development of various diseases. This study was to investigate the role of lncRNA-H19 in the transition from acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its underlying mechanism. METHODS Bilateral renal pedicle ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) was used to establish the IRI-AKI model in C57BL/6 mice. The expression levels of lncRNA-H19, miR-196a-5p, α-SMA, collagen I, Wnt1, and β-catenin in mouse kidney tissues and fibroblasts were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. The degree of renal fibrosis was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The interaction between lncRNA-H19 and miR-196a-5p was verified by bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the expression of α-SMA and collagen I in kidney tissues and fibroblasts of mice. RESULTS lncRNA-H19 is upregulated, and miR-196a-5p is downregulated in kidney tissues of IRI mice. Moreover, miR-196a-5p is a direct target of lncRNA-H19. lncRNA-H19 overexpression promotes kidney fibrosis and activates fibroblasts during AKI-CKD development, while miR-196a-5p overexpression reversed these effects in vitro. Furthermore, lncRNA-H19 overexpression significantly upregulates Wnt1 and β-catenin expression in kidney tissues and fibroblasts of IRI mice, while miR-196a-5p overexpression downregulates Wnt1 and β-catenin expression in kidney tissues and fibroblasts of IRI mice. CONCLUSION lncRNA-H19 induces kidney fibrosis during AKI-CKD by regulating the miR-196a-5p/Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangnan Dong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Institute of Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Dongguan Hospital of Tradition Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China
| | - Lianghong Yin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangdong, China
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22
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Liu G, Guo W, Qin J, Lin Z. OTUB2 Facilitates Tumorigenesis of Gastric Cancer Through Promoting KDM1A-Mediated Stem Cell-Like Properties. Front Oncol 2021; 11:711735. [PMID: 34646768 PMCID: PMC8503518 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.711735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Otubain 2 (OTUB2), a deubiquitinating enzyme, overexpression is considered to predict poor outcome in various cancers. However, the function and potential regulatory mechanisms of OTUB2 in gastric cancer (GC) progression remains unclear. To determine how OTUB2 participate in GC progression, the gain and loss of-function experiments were conducted in vivo and in vitro. We found that OTUB2 was upregulated in GC samples (n=140) and cells. Moreover, the overall, first progression and post progression survival rates of GC patients with high OTUB2 expression showed a poorer prognosis than that in those patients with low OTUB2 expression. Down-regulation of OTUB2 suppressed sphere formation and reduced expression of stem cell markers in GC cells. Furthermore, OTUB2-silenced GC cells also showed a decreased proliferation, invasion, migration, and in vivo tumorigenic ability. However, OTUB2 overexpression showed the opposite effects. Notably, we demonstrated that OTUB2 increased lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A (KDM1A) expression through deubiquitination. KDM1A, a demethylase known to promote demethylation of downstream genes, was identified to promote the maintenance of cancer stem cell characteristics. Moreover, the alterations caused by OTUB2 overexpression were partly inversed by KDM1A knockdown and in turn KDM1A overexpression reversed the changes induced by OTUB2 shRNA. Taken together, we demonstrate that OTUB2 may serve as a vital driver in GC tumorigenesis by enhancing KDM1A-mediated stem cell-like properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junjie Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiliang Lin
- Department of Colorectal Disease Specialty, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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23
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Hajiesmaeili M, Shoorei H, Bahroudi Z, Taheri M, Sharifi G. The Impact of lncRNAs and miRNAs in Regulation of Function of Cancer Stem Cells and Progression of Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:696820. [PMID: 34368145 PMCID: PMC8339916 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.696820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have two important features, namely the ability for self-renewal and the capacity to differentiate into some cell kinds with specialized functions. These two features are also present in cancer stem cells (CSCs). These cells have been detected in almost all kinds of cancers facilitating their tumorigenicity. Molecular cascades that control self-renewal of stem cells, namely the Wnt, Notch, and Hedgehog pathways have been suggested to influence CSCs functions as well. Moreover, non-coding RNAs can regulate function of CSCs. Function of miRNAs in the regulation of CSCs has been mostly assessed in breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. miR-130a-3p, miR-600, miR-590-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-221, miR-222, miR-638, miR-375, miR-31, and miR-210 are among those regulating this feature in breast cancer. Moreover, miR-206, miR-192-5p, miR-500a-3p, miR-125, miR-125b, miR-613, miR-217, miR-194, and miR-494 regulate function of CSCs in hepatocellular carcinoma. DILC, lncTCF7, MUF, HAND2-AS1, MALAT1, DLX6-AS1, HOTAIR, and XIST are among lncRNAs that regulate function of CSCs. In the present paper, we explain the effects of these two classes of non-coding RNAs in the regulation of activity of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Hajiesmaeili
- Critical Care Quality Improvement Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahroudi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Guive Sharifi
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Liu X, Ma R, Yi B, Riker AI, Xi Y. MicroRNAs are involved in the development and progression of gastric cancer. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1018-1026. [PMID: 33037405 PMCID: PMC8208993 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00540-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are recognized as an essential component of the RNA family, exerting multiple and intricate biological functions, particularly in the process of tumorigenesis, proliferation, and metastatic progression. MiRNAs are altered in gastric cancer (GC), showing activity as both tumor suppressors and oncogenes, although their true roles have not been fully understood. This review will focus upon the recent advances of miRNA studies related to the regulatory mechanisms of gastric tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle. We hope to provide an in-depth insight into the mechanistic role of miRNAs in GC development and progression. In particular, we summarize the latest studies relevant to miRNAs' impact upon the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor microenvironment, and chemoresistance in GC cells. We expect to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involving miRNAs for better understanding the etiology of GC, and facilitating the development of new treatment regimens for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Liu
- Department of Genetics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Ruixia Ma
- Department of Genetics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Genetics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Adam I Riker
- Geaton and JoAnn DeCesaris Cancer Institute, Department of Surgery, Anne Arundel Medical Center, Cancer Service Line, Luminis Health, Annapolis, MD, USA.
| | - Yaguang Xi
- Department of Genetics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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25
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Zhan P, Shu X, Chen M, Sun L, Yu L, Liu J, Sun L, Yang Z, Ran Y. miR-98-5p inhibits gastric cancer cell stemness and chemoresistance by targeting branched-chain aminotransferases 1. Life Sci 2021; 276:119405. [PMID: 33798550 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) have been used as a therapeutic target. This study aims to estimate the role of miR-98-5p (termed miR-98) in the development of GCSCs. MAIN METHODS The expression of miR-98 in CD44+ GCSCs was verified by RT-PCR. The miR-98 was overexpressed in CD44+ GCSCs by Lentivirus. The ability of self-renewal, invasion, chemoresistance and tumorigenicity was detected in vitro or in vivo after overexpression of miR-98. The target genes of miR-98 were predicted and verified by luciferase reporter assays. The effects miR-98/BCAT1 signaling on the chemoresistance and tumorigenicity of CD44+ GCSCs were investigated in a xenograft model by rescue experiments. KEY FINDINGS We have shown that miR-98 was decreased in CD44+ GCSCs. The overexpression of miR-98 could inhibit the expression of stem-related genes and the ability of self-renewal, invasion, and tumorigenicity of GCSCs. Also, we found that miR-98 overexpression enhances the sensitivity to cisplatin treatment in vitro. Using a xenograft model, we showed that miR-98 overexpression reversed paclitaxel resistance to CD44+ GCSCs. Finally, we found that branched-chain aminotransferases 1 (BCAT1) is a target gene of miR-98. Overexpressed BCAT1 reversed xenograft tumor formation ability and attenuated the paclitaxel chemosensitivity induced by miR-98 downregulation. Furthermore, BCAT1 restoration affected the expression of invasion and drug resistance-related genes. SIGNIFICANCE This study revealed miR-98 inhibits gastric cancer cell stemness and chemoresistance by targeting BCAT1, suggesting that this miR-98/BCAT1 axis represents a potential therapeutic target in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, PR China
| | - Xiong Shu
- Beijing Research Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, Beijing 100035, PR China
| | - Meng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, PR China
| | - Lixin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, PR China
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, PR China
| | - Lichao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, PR China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, PR China
| | - Yuliang Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, PR China.
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Zhao W, Quansah E, Yuan M, Li P, Yi C, Cai X, Zhu J. Next-generation sequencing analysis reveals segmental patterns of microRNA expression in yak epididymis. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:1067-1083. [PMID: 32758354 DOI: 10.1071/rd20113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potent regulators of gene expression and are widely expressed in biological systems. In reproduction, they have been shown to have a significant role in the acquisition and maintenance of male fertility, whereby deletion of Dicer in mouse germ cells leads to infertility. Evidence indicates that this role of miRNAs extends from the testis into the epididymis, controlling gene expression and contributing to regional variations in gene expression. In this study, RNA sequencing technology was used to investigate miRNA expression patterns in the yak epididymis. Region-specific miRNA expression was found in the yak epididymis. In all, 683 differentially expressed known miRNAs were obtained; 190, 186 and 307 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified for caput versus corpus, corpus versus cauda and caput versus cauda region pairs respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes results showed endocytosis as the most enriched pathway across region pairs, followed by protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, phagosome, spliceosome and biosynthesis of amino acids in region pair-specific hierarchical order. Gene ontology results showed varied enrichment in terms including cell, biogenesis, localisation, binding and locomotion across region pairs. In addition, significantly higher miR-34c expression was seen in the yak caput epididymidis relative to the corpus and cauda epididymidis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangsheng Zhao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010 Sichuan, China
| | - Eugene Quansah
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010 Sichuan, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010 Sichuan, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010 Sichuan, China
| | - Chuanping Yi
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010 Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilisation (Southwest Minzu University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; and Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilisation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; and Corresponding authors. ;
| | - Jiangjiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilisation (Southwest Minzu University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; and Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilisation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; and Corresponding authors. ;
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27
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Dai ZT, Xiang Y, Duan YY, Wang J, Li JP, Zhang HM, Cheng C, Wang Q, Zhang TC, Liao XH. MiR-17-5p and MKL-1 modulate stem cell characteristics of gastric cancer cells. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2278-2293. [PMID: 34239355 PMCID: PMC8241736 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.57338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Effectively targeting cancer stem cells to treat cancer has great therapeutic prospects. However, the effect of microRNA miR-17/MKL-1 on gastric cancer stem cells has not been studied yet. This study preliminarily explored the mechanism of miR-17/MKL-1 in gastric cancer stem cells. Many previous reports have indicated that microRNA and EMT regulated cancer stem cell characteristics, and miR-17 and MKL-1 were involved as a critical gene in migration and invasion in the EMT pathway. Through RT-PCR, Western Blot, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, sphere formation xenograft tumor assays and drug resistance, the role of miR-17-5p and MKL-1 on promoting stem cell-like properties of gastric cancer were verified in vivo and vitro. Next, MKL-1 targets CD44, EpCAM, and miR -17-5p promoter verified by luciferase assay and ChIP. Besides, the TCGA database analysis found that both miR-17-5p and MKL-1 increased in gastric cancer, and the prognostic survival of the MKL-1 high expression group was reduced. It is found that MKL-1 promotes expression by targeting miR-17, CD44 and EpCAM promoters. Besides, the TCGA database analysis found that both miR-17-5p and MKL-1 increased in gastric cancer, and the prognostic survival of the MKL-1 high expression group was reduced. These findings reveal new regulatory signaling pathways for gastric cancer stem cells, thus it give new insights on potential early diagnosis and/or molecular therapy for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou-Tong Dai
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Xiang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430014, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Duan
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Jia Peng Li
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Min Zhang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Tong-Cun Zhang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tinajin, 300457, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Hua Liao
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China
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LncRNA KLK8 modulates stem cell characteristics in colon cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 224:153437. [PMID: 34271345 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer, one of the most common and aggressive human malignancies, is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Despite advances in systemic therapy, the 5-year survival rate of colon cancer patients remains at 30 % due to recurrence and metastasis. The poor prognosis is related to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a significant role in CSCs. Thus, understanding of the correlation between CSCs and lncRNA in colon cancer is of it is of great clinical significance. METHOD The expression of KLK8 expression in colon cancer tissues was determined by qRT-PCR. Colon cancer-derived CSCs could form sphere-like cell aggregates after 10 days of culturing in a serum-free medium. In addition, qRT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to assess the expression of CD44, Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog. RESULTS KLK8 was markedly upregulated in colon cancer tissues in comparison with normal tissues, and its expression was related to tumor size, TNM stage, and metastasis, and positively correlated with the expression of CSCs-related genes in colon cancer tissues. CONCLUSIONS Thus, KLK8 may serve as a potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarker in colon cancer patients.
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29
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Li X, Chen Z, Ni Y, Bian C, Huang J, Chen L, Xie X, Wang J. Tumor-associated macrophages secret exosomal miR-155 and miR-196a-5p to promote metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:1338-1354. [PMID: 33889514 PMCID: PMC8044469 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-1255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Understanding the molecular basis underlying metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may provide a new therapeutic modality for the treatment of NSCLC. However, the mechanisms by which tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) affect NSCLC metastasis remain undefined. In this study, we aimed to discover a novel regulatory pathway involved in NSCLC metastasis. Methods Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell, western blot assays were used to assess cell viability, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Exosomes from macrophages medium were characterized, and in vitro cell coculture was further conducted to investigate M2 derived exosomes mediated crosstalk between TAMs and tumor cells. Besides, miRNA microarray was used to analyze miRNA expression profiles of M0 and M2 derived exosomes. Luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the potential binding between miRNA and mRNA. Moreover, 6-week-old male BALB/c nude mice were performed to establish transplantation tumor model using tail vein injection. Hematoxylin & eosin staining was used to detect the metastasis of tumor tissues. Results We found that M2 TAMs were the main TAMs in metastatic tissues of NSCLC patients and exosomes derived from M2 TAMs were able to promote cell viability, cell migration, cell invasion and EMT in NSCLC. We demonstrated that miR-155 and miR-196a-5p were abundant in M2 TAMs and exosomes secreted by M2 TAMs. Functional experiments demonstrated that the deletion of miR-155 and miR-196a-5p in M2 TAMs significantly prevented NSCLC metastasis in vitro and in vivo. To clarify the mechanism governing miR-155 and miR-196a-5p from M2 TAMs, we carried out bioinformatics analysis to predict potential target genes. Mechanistically, miR-155 and miR-196a-5p directly bound to the 3'-UTR of Ras association domain family member 4 (RASSF4), and negatively regulating RASSF4 expression. At last, rescue assays demonstrated that miR-155 and miR-196a-5p exerted its performance by RASSF4. Conclusions Overall, we revealed a new regulatory pathway that was M2 TAMs secreted exosomal miR-155 and miR-196a-5p to promote NSCLC metastasis. This dynamic and reciprocal cross-talk between NSCLC and macrophages innovatively provided a potential opportunity for diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Province People's Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Province People's Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaojun Ni
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Province People's Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Chengyu Bian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Province People's Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Province People's Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Province People's Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Province People's Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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30
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Dinneen K, Baird AM, Ryan C, Sheils O. The Role of Cancer Stem Cells in Drug Resistance in Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:600373. [PMID: 33628765 PMCID: PMC7897661 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.600373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas (GEJA) have dramatically increased in incidence in the western world since the mid-20th century. Their prognosis is poor, and conventional anti-cancer therapies do not significantly improve survival outcomes. These tumours are comprised of a heterogenous population of both cancer stem cells (CSC) and non-CSCs, with the former playing a crucial role in tumorigenesis, metastasis and importantly drug resistance. Due to the ability of CSCs to self-replicate indefinitely, their resistance to anti-cancer therapies poses a significant barrier to effective treatment of GEJA. Ongoing drug development programmes aim to target and eradicate CSCs, however their characterisation and thus identification is difficult. CSC regulation is complex, involving an array of signalling pathways, which are in turn influenced by a number of entities including epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), microRNAs (miRNAs), the tumour microenvironment and epigenetic modifications. Identification of CSCs commonly relies on the expression of specific cell surface markers, yet these markers vary between different malignancies and indeed are often co-expressed in non-neoplastic tissues. Development of targeted drug therapies against CSCs thus requires an understanding of disease-specific CSC markers and regulatory mechanisms. This review details the current knowledge regarding CSCs in GEJA, with particular emphasis on their role in drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Dinneen
- School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Histopathology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne-Marie Baird
- School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ciara Ryan
- Department of Histopathology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Orla Sheils
- School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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31
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Hwang GR, Yuen JG, Ju J. Roles of microRNAs in Gastrointestinal Cancer Stem Cell Resistance and Therapeutic Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041624. [PMID: 33562727 PMCID: PMC7915611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to cancer treatment is one of the major challenges currently faced when treating gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. A major contributing factor to this resistance is the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in GI cancers (e.g., colorectal, pancreatic, gastric, liver cancer). Non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), have been found to regulate several key targets that are responsible for cancer stemness, and function as oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs) or tumor suppressor miRNAs. As a result, several miRNAs have been found to alter, or be altered by, the expression of CSC-defining markers and their related pathways. These miRNAs can be utilized to affect stemness in multiple ways, including directly targeting CSCs and enhancing the efficacy of cancer therapeutics. This review highlights current studies regarding the roles of miRNAs in GI CSCs, and efforts towards the development of cancer therapeutics.
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32
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Oncolytic Adenovirus CD55-Smad4 Suppresses Cell Proliferation, Metastasis, and Tumor Stemness in Colorectal Cancer by Regulating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120593. [PMID: 33322272 PMCID: PMC7763845 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During the past few decades, colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality have significantly increased, and CRC has become the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Thus, exploring novel effective therapies for CRC is imperative. In this study, we investigated the effect of oncolytic adenovirus CD55-Smad4 on CRC cell growth. Cell viability assay, animal experiments, flow cytometric analysis, cell migration, and invasion assays, and Western blotting were used to detect the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. The oncolytic adenovirus CD55-Smad4 was successfully constructed and effectively suppressed CRC cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro. Notably, CD55-Smad4 activated the caspase signaling pathway, inducing the apoptosis of CRC cells. Additionally, the generated oncolytic adenovirus significantly suppressed migration and invasion of CRC cells by overexpressing Smad4 and inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin/epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling pathway. Moreover, CRC cells treated with CD55-Smad4 formed less and smaller spheroid colonies in serum-free culture than cells in control groups, suggesting that CD55-Smad4 suppressed the stemness of CRC cells by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Together, the results of this study provide valuable information for the development of a novel strategy for cancer-targeting gene-virotherapy and provide a deeper understanding of the critical significance of Smad4 in gene therapy of CRC.
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33
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Huang G, Li H, Wang J, Peng X, Liu K, Zhao L, Zhang C, Chen X, Lai Y, Ni L. Combination of tumor suppressor miR-20b-5p, miR-30a-5p, and miR-196a-5p as a serum diagnostic panel for renal cell carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153152. [PMID: 32823234 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 3 % of cancer patients. Early detection influences the therapeutic strategy and significantly improves patients' survival rates. Stable existing circulating miRNAs could be a promising diagnostic biomarker. METHODS Previously our team demonstrated the anti-tumor effect of miR-20b-5p, miR-30a-5p and miR-196a-5p in RCC tissue and cell lines. Here, based on 110 RCC patients and 110 health control, we investigated serum expression of these three miRNAs in the testing set and the validation set separately by using quantitative real-time PCR. A three-miRNA panel with high diagnostic efficiency was constructed. Correlations between these miRNAs and clinical parameters were investigated. Additionally, the TCGA dataset and bioinformatic analysis are used for the functional exploration of these miRNAs. RESULTS Serum expression levels of miR-20b-5p, miR-30a-5p were significantly reduced in RCC patients, while miR-196a-5p expression level was up-regulated (p < 0.001). miR-20b-5p, miR-30a-5p and miR-196a-5p had moderate diagnostic ability for RCC (AUC = 0.807, 0.766 and 0.719 in the testing set, respectively). The AUC of the three-miRNA panel was 0.949 in the testing set and 0.938 in the validation set. Specifically, the serum expression level of miR-196a-5p was significantly down-regulated in RCC patients with higher Fuhrman grade (p = 0.051). TCGA dataset analysis showed that the three-miRNA panel probably participated in RCC by targeting ITGA4 and NRP2. CONCLUSION The three-miRNA panel could serve as a promising non-invasive biomarker for RCC detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocheng Huang
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Jingyao Wang
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Xiqi Peng
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Kaihao Liu
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Liwen Zhao
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Chunduo Zhang
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Yongqing Lai
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
| | - Liangchao Ni
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
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Wang S, Zhou D, Xu Z, Song J, Qian X, Lv X, Luan J. Anti-tumor Drug Targets Analysis: Current Insight and Future Prospect. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:1180-1202. [PMID: 30947670 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666190402145325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of malignant tumors are on the rise, which has become the second leading cause of death in the world. At present, anti-tumor drugs are one of the most common methods for treating cancer. In recent years, with the in-depth study of tumor biology and related disciplines, it has been gradually discovered that the essence of cell carcinogenesis is the infinite proliferation of cells caused by the disorder of cell signal transduction pathways, followed by a major shift in the concept of anti-tumor drugs research and development. The focus of research and development is shifting from traditional cytotoxic drugs to a new generation of anti-tumor drugs targeted at abnormal signaling system targets in tumor cells. In this review, we summarize the targets of anti-tumor drugs and analyse the molecular mechanisms of their effects, which lay a foundation for subsequent treatment, research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Dexi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jing Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xueyi Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiongwen Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Liver Disease of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiajie Luan
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
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35
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Nix JS, Yuan M, Imada EL, Ames H, Marchionni L, Gutmann DH, Rodriguez FJ. Global microRNA profiling identified miR-10b-5p as a regulator of neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1)-glioma migration. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2020; 47:96-107. [PMID: 32603552 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is an autosomal-dominant cancer predisposition syndrome caused by loss of function alterations involving the NF1 locus on chromosome 17. The most common brain tumours encountered in affected patients are low-grade gliomas (pilocytic astrocytomas), although high-grade gliomas are also observed at increased frequency. While bi-allelic NF1 loss characterizes these tumours, previous studies have suggested noncoding RNA molecules (microRNA, miR) may have important roles in dictating glioma biology. METHODS To explore the contributions of miRs in NF1-associated gliomas, we analysed five high-grade gliomas (NF1-HGG) and five PAs (NF1-PA) using global microRNA profiling with NanoString-based microarrays followed by functional experiments with glioma cell lines. RESULTS miR-10b-5p, miR-135b-5p, miR-196a-5p, miR-196b-5p, miR-1247-5p and miR-320a (adjusted P < 0.05) were increased> 3-fold in NF1-HGG relative to NF1-PA tumours. In addition, miR-378b and miR-1305 were decreased 6.8- and 6-fold, respectively, whereas miR-451a was increased 2.7-fold (adjusted P < 0.05) in NF1-PAs compared to non-neoplastic NF1 patient brain specimens (n = 2). As miR-10b-5p was the microRNA overexpressed the most in NF1-high-grade glioma compared to NF1-low-grade glioma (5.76 fold), we examined its levels in glioma cell lines. miR-10b-5p levels were highest in adult glioma cell lines and lowest in paediatric low-grade glioma lines (P = 0.02). miR-10b-5p knockdown resulted in decreased invasion in NF1-deficient LN229 high-grade glioma line, whereas its overexpression in the NF1-PA derived line (JHH-NF1-PA1) led to increased invasion. There was no change in cell growth (viability and proliferation). CONCLUSIONS These proof-of-concept experiments support a role for microRNA regulation in NF1-glioma biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Nix
- Departments of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - M Yuan
- Departments of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - E L Imada
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H Ames
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L Marchionni
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D H Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - F J Rodriguez
- Departments of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Departments of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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36
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Xin L, Liu L, Liu C, Zhou LQ, Zhou Q, Yuan YW, Li SH, Zhang HT. DNA-methylation-mediated silencing of miR-7-5p promotes gastric cancer stem cell invasion via increasing Smo and Hes1. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2643-2654. [PMID: 31517391 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells are undifferentiated cancer cells that have self-renewal ability, a high tumorigenic activity, and a multilineage differentiation potential. MicroRNAs play a critical role in regulating gene expression during carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated the role of miR-7 and the mechanism by which it is dysregulated in gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs). The stem cell marker, CD44, was used to sort GCSCs by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. We found that CD44 (+) cells have higher invasiveness and form more number of sphere colonies than CD44 (-) cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that the miR-7-5p expression was remarkably downregulated in GCSCs but was significantly increased in the methionine-deprived medium. The downregulation of miR-7-5p results from the increased DNA methylation in the promoter region using the methylation-specific PCR. Overexpression of miR-7-5p reduced the formation of colony and decreased the invasion of GCSCs through targeting Smo and Hes1 and subsequent repressing Notch and Hedgehog signaling pathways in vitro. Notably, upregulating miR-7-5p inhibited the growth of tumor in the xenograft model. Hence, these data demonstrated that miR-7-5p represses GCSC invasion through inhibition of Smo and Hes1, which provides a potential therapeutic target of gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xin
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Li-Qiang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi-Wu Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shi-Hao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hou-Ting Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Maghsudlu M, Farashahi Yazd E, Amiriani T. Expression Analysis of MicroRNA-196a in Esophageal Cancer. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND BASIC RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.29252/jcbr.3.3.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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38
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Li D, Tian Y, Hu Y, Qi Y, Tian N, Li S, Hu P, Wu F, Wei Q, Wei Z, Wang S, Yin B, Jiang T, Yuan J, Qiang B, Han W, Peng X. Glioma-associated human endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles specifically promote the tumourigenicity of glioma stem cells via CD9. Oncogene 2019; 38:6898-6912. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0903-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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39
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Pereira A, Moreira F, Vinasco-Sandoval T, Cunha A, Vidal A, Ribeiro-dos-Santos AM, Pinto P, Magalhães L, Assumpção M, Demachki S, Santos S, Assumpção P, Ribeiro-dos-Santos Â. miRNome Reveals New Insights Into the Molecular Biology of Field Cancerization in Gastric Cancer. Front Genet 2019; 10:592. [PMID: 31275362 PMCID: PMC6593062 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in gastric carcinogenesis and have been associated with gastric field cancerization; however, their role is not fully understood in this process. We performed the miRNome sequencing of non-cancerous, adjacent to tumor and gastric cancer samples to understand the involvement of these small RNAs in gastric field cancerization. METHODS We analyzed samples of patients without cancer as control (non-cancerous gastric samples) and adjacent to cancer and gastric cancer paired samples, and considered miRNAs with |log2(fold change)| > 2 and Padj < 0.05 to be statistically significant. The identification of target genes, functional analysis and enrichment in KEGG pathways were realized in the TargetCompare, miRTargetLink, and DAVID tools. We also performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and miRNAs that had an AUC > 0.85 were considered to be potential biomarkers. RESULTS We found 14 miRNAs exclusively deregulated in gastric cancer, of which six have potential diagnostic value for advanced disease. Nine miRNAs with known tumor suppressor activities (TS-miRs) were deregulated exclusively in adjacent tissue. Of these, five have potential diagnostic value for the early stages of gastric cancer. Functional analysis of these TS-miRs revealed that they regulate important cellular signaling pathways (PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, Ras, Rap1, ErbB, and MAPK signaling pathways), that are involved in gastric carcinogenesis. Seven miRNAs were differentially expressed in both gastric cancer and adjacent regarding to non-cancerous tissues; among them, hsa-miR-200a-3p and hsa-miR-873-5p have potential diagnostic value for early and advanced stages of the disease. Only hsa-miR-196a-5p was differentially expressed between adjacent to cancer and gastric cancer tissues. In addition, the other miRNAs identified in this study were not differentially expressed between adjacent to cancer and gastric cancer, suggesting that these tissues are very similar and that share these molecular changes. CONCLUSION Our results show that gastric cancer and adjacent tissues have a similar miRNA expression profile, indicating that studied miRNAs are intimately associated with field cancerization in gastric cancer. The overexpression of TS-miRs in adjacent tissues may be a barrier against tumorigenesis within these pre-cancerous conditions prior to the eventual formation or relapse of a tumor. Additionally, these miRNAs have a great accuracy in discriminating non-cancerous from adjacent to tumor and cancer tissues and can be potentially useful as biomarkers for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adenilson Pereira
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Moreira
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Vinasco-Sandoval
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Adenard Cunha
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Amanda Vidal
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - André M. Ribeiro-dos-Santos
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Pablo Pinto
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Leandro Magalhães
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Mônica Assumpção
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Samia Demachki
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Sidney Santos
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Paulo Assumpção
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Ândrea Ribeiro-dos-Santos
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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The Role of MicroRNAs in the Regulation of Gastric Cancer Stem Cells: A Meta-Analysis of the Current Status. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050639. [PMID: 31075910 PMCID: PMC6572052 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the major causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. As for other types of cancers, several limitations to the success of current therapeutic GC treatments may be due to cancer drug resistance that leads to tumor recurrence and metastasis. Increasing evidence suggests that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are among the major causative factors of cancer treatment failure. The research of molecular CSC mechanisms and the regulation of their properties have been intensively studied. To date, molecular gastric cancer stem cell (GCSC) characterization remains largely incomplete. Among the GCSC-targeting approaches to overcome tumor progression, recent studies have focused their attention on microRNA (miRNA). The miRNAs are short non-coding RNAs which play an important role in the regulation of numerous cellular processes through the modulation of their target gene expression. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent findings on the role of miRNAs in GCSC regulation. In addition, we perform a meta-analysis aimed to identify novel miRNAs involved in GCSC homeostasis.
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41
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Chen X, Mangala LS, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Kong X, Lopez-Berestein G, Sood AK. RNA interference-based therapy and its delivery systems. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2019; 37:107-124. [PMID: 29243000 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-017-9717-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is considered a highly specific approach for gene silencing and holds tremendous potential for treatment of various pathologic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, viral infections, and cancer. Although gene silencing approaches such as RNAi are widely used in preclinical models, the clinical application of RNAi is challenging primarily because of the difficulty in achieving successful systemic delivery. Effective delivery systems are essential to enable the full therapeutic potential of RNAi. An ideal nanocarrier not only addresses the challenges of delivering naked siRNA/miRNA, including its chemically unstable features, extracellular and intracellular barriers, and innate immune stimulation, but also offers "smart" targeted delivery. Over the past decade, great efforts have been undertaken to develop RNAi delivery systems that overcome these obstacles. This review presents an update on current progress in the therapeutic application of RNAi with a focus on cancer therapy and strategies for optimizing delivery systems, such as lipid-based nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhui Chen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lingegowda S Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xianchao Kong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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42
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Fu Y, Du P, Zhao J, Hu C, Qin Y, Huang G. Gastric Cancer Stem Cells: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches. Yonsei Med J 2018; 59:1150-1158. [PMID: 30450848 PMCID: PMC6240570 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2018.59.10.1150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. GC stem-like cells (GCSCs), with unlimited self-renewal, differentiation, and tumor-regenerating capacities, contribute significantly to the refractory features of GC and have gained increasing attention for their role in GC drug resistance, relapse, and metastasis. Therapies targeting GCSCs seem to be one of the most promising methods to improve the outcomes of GC patients. Extensive investigations have attempted to outline the regulatory mechanisms in GCSCs and to develop GCSCs-targeting therapies with which to diminish GC drug resistance, metastasis and relapse. To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of reviews summarizing these studies. In this review, we systematically recapitulated findings regarding the regulatory mechanisms of GCSCs, as well as therapies that target GCSCs, hoping to support the development of prognostic biomarkers and GCSCs-targeting anticancer therapies in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peizhun Du
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng'en Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunyun Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangjian Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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43
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Kashyap D, Tuli HS, Garg VK, Goel N, Bishayee A. Oncogenic and Tumor-Suppressive Roles of MicroRNAs with Special Reference to Apoptosis: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Mol Diagn Ther 2018; 22:179-201. [PMID: 29388067 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-018-0316-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the non-coding class of minute RNA molecules that negatively control post-transcriptional regulation of various functional genes. These miRNAs are transcribed from the loci present in the introns of functional or protein-coding genes, exons of non-coding genes, or even in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR). They have potential to modulate the stability or translational efficiency of a variety of target RNA [messenger RNA (mRNA)]. The regulatory function of miRNAs has been elucidated in several pathological conditions, including neurological (Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease) and cardiovascular conditions, along with cancer. Importantly, miRNA identification in cancer progression and invasion has evolved as an incipient era in cancer treatment. Several studies have shown the influence of miRNAs on various cancer processes, including apoptosis, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. In particular, apoptosis induction in tumor cells through miRNA has been extensively studied. The biphasic mode (up- and down-regulation) of miRNA expression in apoptosis and other cancer processes has already been determined. The findings of these studies could be utilized to develop potential therapeutic strategies for the management of various cancers. The present review critically describes the oncogenic and tumor suppressor role of miRNAs in apoptosis and other cancer processes, therapy resistance, and use of their presence in the body fluids as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharambir Kashyap
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, Punjab, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India.
| | - Vivek Kumar Garg
- Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, 160030, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Goel
- Department of Information Technology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, Punjab, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL, 33169, USA.
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Jiang P, Xu C, Chen L, Chen A, Wu X, Zhou M, Haq IU, Mariyam Z, Feng Q. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibited cancer stem cell-like properties by targeting hsa-mir-485-5p/RXRα in lung cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8623-8635. [PMID: 30058740 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) appears to be a significant threat to public health worldwide. MicroRNAs have been identified as significant regulators for the development of NSCLC. Previous reports have suggested that hsa-mir-485-5p is dysregulated in various cancers. RXRα, as a kind of nuclear receptor, is an effective target of cancer treatment. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are recognized as the main cause for tumor metastasis, recurrence, and chemotherapy resistance. However, the mechanism by which hsa-mir-485-5p and RXRα modulate CSCs in NSCLC remains unknown. Here, we found that hsa-mir-485-5p was decreased in serum samples from patients with NSCLC and NSCLC cells. Meanwhile, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), an effective anticancer compound extracted from green tea, can enhance hsa-mir-485-5p expression. Hsa-mir-485-5p mimics markedly inhibited NSCLC cell growth and induced cell apoptosis. However, inhibition of hsa-mir-485-5p significantly enriched CSC-like traits. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis predicted the binding correlation between hsa-mir-485-5p and RXRα, which was confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. We observed that RXRα was increased in NSCLC and EGCG could inhibit RXRα levels dose dependently. In addition, RXRα upregulation or activation expanded the CSC-like properties of NSCLC cells, whereas RXRα inhibition or inactivation could exert a reverse phenomenon. Consistently, in vivo experiments also validated that EGCG could repress the CSC-like characteristics by modulating the hsa-mir-485-5p/RXRα axis. Our findings may reveal a novel molecular mechanism for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuyue Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aochang Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ijaz Ul Haq
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zahula Mariyam
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Molina-Castro S, Pereira-Marques J, Figueiredo C, Machado JC, Varon C. Gastric cancer: Basic aspects. Helicobacter 2017; 22 Suppl 1. [PMID: 28891129 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most incident and deadliest malignancies in the world. Gastric cancer is a heterogeneous disease and the end point of a long and multistep process, which results from the stepwise accumulation of numerous (epi)genetic alterations, leading to dysregulation of oncogenic and tumor suppressor pathways. Gastric cancer stem cells have emerged as fundamental players in cancer development and as contributors to gastric cancer heterogeneity. For this special issue, we will report last year's update on the gastric cancer molecular classification, and in particular address the gastric cancer groups who could benefit from immune checkpoint therapy. We will also review the latest advances on gastric cancer stem cells, their properties as gastric cancer markers and therapeutic targets, and associated signaling pathways. The understanding of the molecular basis underlying gastric cancer heterogeneity and of the role played by gastric cancer stem cells in cancer development and heterogeneity is of major significance, not only for identifying novel targets for cancer prevention and treatment, but also for clinical management and patient stratification for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Molina-Castro
- INSERM, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Joana Pereira-Marques
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (Institute of Research and Innovation in Health), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Ipatimup - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ceu Figueiredo
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (Institute of Research and Innovation in Health), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Ipatimup - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jose C Machado
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (Institute of Research and Innovation in Health), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Ipatimup - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Christine Varon
- INSERM, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Mao S, Lu G, Lan X, Yuan C, Jiang W, Chen Y, Jin X, Xia Q. Valproic acid inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal cell carcinoma by decreasing SMAD4 expression. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6190-6199. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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