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Sakunrangsit N, Khuisangeam N, Inthanachai T, Yodsurang V, Taechawattananant P, Suppipat K, Tawinwung S. Incorporating IL7 receptor alpha signaling in the endodomain of B7H3-targeting chimeric antigen receptor T cells mediates antitumor activity in glioblastoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:98. [PMID: 38619641 PMCID: PMC11018726 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03685-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
CAR-T-cell therapy has shown promise in treating hematological malignancies but faces challenges in treating solid tumors due to impaired T-cell function in the tumor microenvironment. To provide optimal T-cell activation, we developed a B7 homolog 3 protein (B7H3)-targeting CAR construct consisting of three activation signals: CD3ζ (signal 1), 41BB (signal 2), and the interleukin 7 receptor alpha (IL7Rα) cytoplasmic domain (signal 3). We generated B7H3 CAR-T cells with different lengths of the IL7Rα cytoplasmic domain, including the full length (IL7R-L), intermediate length (IL7R-M), and short length (IL7R-S) domains, and evaluated their functionality in vitro and in vivo. All the B7H3-IL7Rα CAR-T cells exhibited a less differentiated phenotype and effectively eliminated B7H3-positive glioblastoma in vitro. Superiority was found in B7H3 CAR-T cells contained the short length of the IL7Rα cytoplasmic domain. Integration of the IL7R-S cytoplasmic domain maintained pSTAT5 activation and increased T-cell proliferation while reducing activation-induced cell death. Moreover, RNA-sequencing analysis of B7H3-IL7R-S CAR-T cells after coculture with a glioblastoma cell line revealed downregulation of proapoptotic genes and upregulation of genes associated with T-cell proliferation compared with those in 2nd generation B7H3 CAR-T cells. In animal models, compared with conventional CAR-T cells, B7H3-IL7R-S CAR-T cells suppressed tumor growth and prolonged overall survival. Our study demonstrated the therapeutic potential of IL7Rα-incorporating CAR-T cells for glioblastoma treatment, suggesting a promising strategy for augmenting the effectiveness of CAR-T cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithidol Sakunrangsit
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nattarika Khuisangeam
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary and International Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thananya Inthanachai
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary and International Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Varalee Yodsurang
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pasrawin Taechawattananant
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Koramit Suppipat
- Department of Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Cellular Immunotherapy Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Thailand Hub of Talents in Cancer Immunotherapy (TTCI), Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Supannikar Tawinwung
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Cellular Immunotherapy Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Thailand Hub of Talents in Cancer Immunotherapy (TTCI), Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Wang S, Zhang X, Ning H, Dong S, Wang G, Sun R. B7 homolog 3 induces lung metastasis of breast cancer through Raf/MEK/ERK axis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 193:405-416. [PMID: 35312883 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06520-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The essential action of B7 homolog 3 (B7-H3) in different diseases and cancers has been documented. We here focused on its role in breast cancer through the Raf/MEK/ERK axis regarding lung metastasis. METHODS Expression pattern of B7-H3 was determined in breast cancer tissues and cells with its correlation with prognosis analyzed. Then, through transfection of lentivirus vector expressing B7-H3-shRNA, overexpression vector of B7-H3 (B7-H3-LV), U0126 (small molecule inhibitor of MEK), or PD98059 (small molecule inhibitor of ERK), the in vitro and in vivo effects of B7-H3 in breast cancer cell biological processes, and lung metastasis were analyzed in relation to the Raf/MEK/ERK axis. RESULTS We discovered elevated B7-H3 in breast cancer and its elevation associated with poor prognosis. B7-H3 promoted the malignant properties of breast cancer cells, accompanied with increased N-cadherin and vimentin and reduced E-cadherin. Additionally, overexpression of B7-H3 accelerated the lung metastasis in breast cancer in vivo. All the above promoting action of B7-H3 was achieved through activation of the Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Taken together, B7-H3 can promote lung metastasis in breast cancer through activation of the Raf/MEK/ERK axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, No. 2428, Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xinyan Zhang
- Department of Intervention, The Affiliated Weihai Second Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Weihai, 264200, China
| | - Houfa Ning
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166, Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong Province, China
| | - Senyi Dong
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166, Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guangzhi Wang
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166, Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Ruimei Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, No. 2428, Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, Shandong Province, China.
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Gold M, Pachmann K, Kiani A, Schobert R. Monitoring of circulating epithelial tumor cells using the Maintrac ® method and its potential benefit for the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 15:201. [PMID: 34462657 PMCID: PMC8375047 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells are an important link between primary tumors and metastases. A longitudinal monitoring of their numbers and properties can provide valuable information on therapy response and disease progression for patients with colorectal cancer. As several techniques for the detection of circulating tumor cells are notorious for yielding low detection rates in patients with non-metastatic colorectal cancer, the present study aimed to perform a proof-of-principle study using the Maintrac® approach for an assessment of circulating epithelial tumor cells (CETCs) in patients with colorectal cancer receiving neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant radio/chemotherapy (R/CT). CETCs in the peripheral blood of 22 patients with colorectal cancer were quantified by fluorescence image analysis (Maintrac®) before and after the first cycle of a neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant R/CT, as well as before and after surgical resection of the primary tumor. To determine that blood-borne CETCs originate from tumor tissues, spheres were cultured from CETCs as well as from primary tumor tissue and compared with the expression of tumor-specific antigens. Within the scope of this study, it was demonstrated that the Maintrac® method allows for the precise detection and characterization of CETCs in the blood of patients with colorectal cancer independent of tumor stage. Furthermore, correlations between CETC parameters and patients' response to neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant R/CT that have been described in previous literature could be reproduced. Whether the observed trends are of a general nature and suitable as an auxiliary criterion for prognosis and treatment decisions remains to be shown. Patients with rectal cancer may benefit from CETC monitoring as a method to select suitable patients for adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Gold
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Katharina Pachmann
- Transfusion Centre Bayreuth, SIMFO GmbH Bayreuth, D-95448 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Alexander Kiani
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH, D-95445 Bayreuth, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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The complexity of tumour angiogenesis based on recently described molecules. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2021; 25:33-44. [PMID: 33911980 PMCID: PMC8063899 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2021.105075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour angiogenesis is a crucial factor associated with tumour growth, progression, and metastasis. The whole process is the result of an interaction between a wide range of different molecules, influencing each other. Herein we summarize novel discoveries related to the less known angiogenic molecules such as galectins, pentraxin-3, Ral-interacting protein of 76 kDa (RLIP76), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), B7-H3, and delta-like ligand-4 (DLL-4) and their role in the process of tumour angiogenesis. These molecules influence the most important molecular pathways involved in the formation of blood vessels in cancer, including the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor interaction (VEGFR), HIF1-a activation, or PI3K/Akt/mTOR and JAK-STAT signalling pathways. Increased expression of galectins, RLIP76, and B7H3 has been proven in several malignancies. Pentraxin-3, which appears to inhibit tumour angiogenesis, shows reduced expression in tumour tissues. Anti-angiogenic treatment based mainly on VEGF inhibition has proved to be of limited effectiveness, leading to the development of drug resistance. The newly discovered molecules are of great interest as a potential source of new anti-cancer therapies. Their role as targets for new drugs and as prognostic markers in neoplasms is discussed in this review.
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Prognostic value of immune checkpoint molecules in breast cancer. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:225643. [PMID: 32602545 PMCID: PMC7340863 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade treatments bring remarkable clinical benefits to fighting several solid malignancies. However, the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in breast cancer remains controversial. Several clinical trials of immune checkpoint blockades focused on the effect of CTLA4 and PD1/PDL1 checkpoint inhibitors on breast cancer. Only a small portion of patients benefited from these therapies. Here we systematically investigated the expression of 50 immune checkpoint genes, including ADORA2A, LAG-3, TIM-3, PD1, PDL1, PDL2, CTLA-4, IDO1, B7-H3, B7-H4, CD244, BTLA, TIGIT, CD80, CD86, VISTA, CD28, ICOS, ICOSLG, HVEM, CD160, LIGHT, CD137, CD137L, OX40, CD70, CD27, CD40, CD40LG, LGALS9, GITRL, CEACAM1, CD47, SIRPA, DNAM1, CD155, 2B4, CD48, TMIGD2, HHLA2, BTN2A1, DC-SIGN, BTN2A2, BTN3A1, BTNL3, BTNL9, CD96, TDO, CD200 and CD200R, in different subtypes of breast cancer and assessed their prognostic value. The results showed that the expression patterns of these 50 immune checkpoint genes were distinct in breast cancer. High expression of B7-H3 mRNA was significantly associated with worse overall survival (OS), especially in patients with luminal A and luminal B breast cancer. The mRNA expression levels of TIM-3, ADORA2A, LAG3, CD86, CD80, PD1 and IDO1 had no relationship with OS in breast cancer. High expression levels of CTLA-4 and TIGIT were correlated with favorable prognosis in breast cancer. Interestingly, we observed that B7-H3 expression was negatively correlated with the efficacy of cyclophosphamide (CTX). In summary, our study suggested that B7-H3 has potential prognostic value in breast cancer and is a promising target for immune therapy.
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B7-H3 regulates KIF15-activated ERK1/2 pathway and contributes to radioresistance in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:824. [PMID: 33011740 PMCID: PMC7532977 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As an important modality for the local control of colorectal cancer (CRC), radiotherapy or neoadjuvant radiotherapy is widely applied in the clinic, but radioresistance has become a major obstacle for CRC radiotherapy. Here we reported that B7-H3, an important costimulatory molecule, is associated with radioresistance in CRC. The expression of B7-H3 was obviously increased in CRC cells after irradiation. The enhanced expression of B7-H3 promoted, while the knockdown of B7-H3 inhibited, colony formation and cell activity in CRC cells following radiation treatment. B7-H3 overexpression reduced S phase arrest and protected cell apoptosis induced by radiation, whereas B7-H3 knockdown had the opposite effects. In addition, B7-H3 blockade by 3E8, a specific B7-H3 antibody, significantly sensitized CRC cells to irradiation in vivo. Mechanistic analysis revealed that B7-H3 regulated KIF15 via RNA sequencing, which was in dependent of NF-κB pathway. And small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated KIF15 silencing or KIF15 blockade by the inhibitor SB743921 abolished the effect of B7-H3 on radioresistance in vitro and in vivo. Similar to B7-H3, we find that the protein expression levels of KIF15, which showed a positive correlation with B7-H3, was abnormal upregulated in cancer tissues than in adjacent normal tissues and associated with TNM stage. Finally, B7-H3/KIF15 enhanced resistance against irradiation in CRC cells via activating ERK1/2 signaling, a key pathway involved in radioresistance in cancer. Our findings reveal an alternative mechanism by which CRC cells can acquire radioresistance via the B7-H3/KIF15/ERK axis.
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Flem-Karlsen K, Fodstad Ø, Nunes-Xavier CE. B7-H3 Immune Checkpoint Protein in Human Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4062-4086. [PMID: 31099317 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190517115515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
B7-H3 belongs to the B7 family of immune checkpoint proteins, which are important regulators of the adaptive immune response and emerging key players in human cancer. B7-H3 is a transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of tumor cells, antigen presenting cells, natural killer cells, tumor endothelial cells, but can also be present in intra- and extracellular vesicles. Additionally, B7-H3 may be present as a circulating soluble isoform in serum and other body fluids. B7-H3 is overexpressed in a variety of tumor types, in correlation with poor prognosis. B7-H3 is a promising new immunotherapy target for anti-cancer immune response, as well as a potential biomarker. Besides its immunoregulatory role, B7-H3 has intrinsic pro-tumorigenic activities related to enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, metastatic capacity and anti-cancer drug resistance. B7-H3 has also been found to regulate key metabolic enzymes, promoting the high glycolytic capacity of cancer cells. B7-H3 receptors are still not identified, and little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying B7-H3 functions. Here, we review the current knowledge on the involvement of B7-H3 in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Flem-Karlsen
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein Fodstad
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Caroline E Nunes-Xavier
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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Vafaizadeh V, Barekati Z. Immuno-Oncology Biomarkers for Personalized Immunotherapy in Breast Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:162. [PMID: 32258038 PMCID: PMC7089925 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune checkpoint blockade therapy has drastically advanced treatment of different types of cancer over the past few years. Female breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in the overall burden of cancers worldwide that is encouraging healthcare professionals to improve cancer care management. The checkpoint blockade therapies combined with novel agents become the recent focus of various clinical trials in breast cancer. However, identification of the patients who are responsive to these therapeutic strategies remained as a major issue for enhancing the efficacy of these treatments. This highlights the unmet need in discovery and development of novel biomarkers to add predictive values for prosperous personalized medicine. In this review we summarize the advances done in the era of biomarker studies and highlight their link in supporting breast cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Vafaizadeh
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zeinab Barekati
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Nicolini A, Ferrari P, Morganti R, Carpi A. Treatment of Metastatic or High-Risk Solid Cancer Patients by Targeting the Immune System and/or Tumor Burden: Six Cases Reports. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235986. [PMID: 31795079 PMCID: PMC6929121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This article summarizes the histories of six patients with different solid tumors treated with a new strategy based on tumor burden reduction and immune evasion as potential targets. All six patients were at a high risk of relapse and were likely to have a minimal residual disease following conventional therapy: biochemical recurrence (BCR) following radical prostatectomy (RP) (two prostate cancers patients), removal of distant metastases (one colorectal and one breast cancer), and complete response (CR) of distant metastases to conventional therapy (one breast cancer and one esophageal–gastric junction cancer). Four of the patients, two after RP and BCR, one after removal of a single pulmonary metastasis from breast cancer, and one after CR to chemotherapy of peritoneal metastases and ascites from an esophageal–gastric junction primary cancer, regularly received cycles of a new drug schedule with the aim of inhibiting immune suppression (IT). In these four patients, preliminary laboratory tests of peripheral blood suggested an interleukin (IL)-2/IL-12 mediated stimulation of cellular immune response with a concomitant decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immune suppression. The fifth case was a breast cancer patient with distant metastases in CR, while receiving beta-interferon and interleukin-2 in addition to conventional hormone therapy. To date, all five patients are alive and doing well and they have been unexpectedly disease-free for 201 and 78 months following BCR, 28 months following the removal of a single pulmonary metastases, 32 months following CR to chemotherapy of peritoneal metastases and ascites, and 140 months following diagnosis of multiple bone metastases, respectively. The sixth patient, who had colorectal cancer and multiple synchronous liver metastases and underwent nine surgical interventions for metastatic disease, although not disease-free, is doing well 98 months after primary surgery. Our six cases reports can be interpreted with the hypothesis that immune manipulation and/or a concomitant low tumor burden favored their clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nicolini
- Department of Oncology, Transplantation and New technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Paola Ferrari
- Department of Oncology, Transplantation and New technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Morganti
- Section of Statistics, University Hospital of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Angelo Carpi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
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Su H, Ren F, Jiang H, Chen Y, Fan X. Upregulation of microRNA-520a-3p inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion via spindle and kinetochore associated 2 in gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3323-3330. [PMID: 31452811 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miR) serve important roles in the development and progression of tumors by targeting different genes. miR-520a-3p reported in lung and breast cancers as a tumor suppressor gene. However, the expression and functional significance of miR-520a-3p is not completely understood in gastric cancer (GC). In the present study, it was demonstrated that the expression levels of miR-520a-3p were significantly downregulated in GC tissues and cells using RT-qPCR. In addition, downregulated expression of miR-520a-3p was associated with the clinical stage of the tumor and invasion in patients with GC. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-520a-3p significantly inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and migration in SGC-7901 and MGC-803 GC cell lines using proliferation, wound healing and cell invasion assays. Spindle and kinetochore associated 2 (SKA2) was upregulated in GC cells using western blot analysis and a target gene of miR-520a-3p; miR-520a-3p mimics significantly reduced SKA2 expression. In addition, upregulation of SKA2 protein expression SKA2 reversed the miR-520a-3p-mediated inhibition of SGC-7901 cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In conclusion, miR-520a-3p functioned as a tumor suppressor gene by targeting SKA2 in GC cell lines, and may serve as a novel prognostic and potential therapeutic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Su
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Feng Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Yunjie Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiang Fan
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
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Prospective molecular mechanism of COL5A1 in breast cancer based on a microarray, RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:151-175. [PMID: 31059074 PMCID: PMC6549075 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) has a complex etiology and pathogenesis, and is the most common malignant tumor type in females, in USA in 2018, yet its relevant molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. The collagen type V α-1 chain (COL5A1) gene is differentially expressed in renal and ovarian cancer. Using bioinformatics methods, COL5A1 was determined to also be a significant gene in BC, but its association with BC has not been sufficiently reported. COL5A1 microarray and relevant clinical data were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus, The Cancer Genome Atlas and other databases to summarize COL5A1 expression in BC and its subtypes at the mRNA and protein levels. All associated information was comprehensively analyzed by various software. The clinical significance of the mutation was obtained via the cBioPortal. Furthermore, Gene Ontology functional annotation and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were also performed to investigate the mechanism of COL5A1 in BC. Immunohistochemistry was also conducted to detect and confirm COL5A1 expression. It was determined that COL5A1 was highly expressed in BC tissues, compared with normal tissues at the mRNA level [standard mean difference, 0.84; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.60-1.07; P=0.108]. The area under the summary receiver operator characteristic curve for COL5A1 was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.84-0.90). COL5A1 expression was altered in 32/817 (4%) sequenced samples. KEGG analysis confirmed the most notable pathways, including focal adhesion, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Immunohistochemical detection was used to verify the expression of COL5A1 in 136 selected cases of invasive BC tissues and 55 cases of adjacent normal tissues, while the rate of high expression of COL5A1 in BC was up to 90.4%. These results indicated that COL5A1 is highly expressed at the mRNA and protein levels in BC, and the prognosis of patients with BC with high COL5A1 expression may be reduced; therefore, COL5A1 may be used independently or combined with other detection factors in BC diagnosis.
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Increased expression of FAK isoforms as potential cancer biomarkers in ovarian cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:4779-4786. [PMID: 31186683 PMCID: PMC6507456 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that is expressed in most human cell types (example: Epithelial cells, fibroblasts and endothelial), it serves a key role in the control of cell survival, proliferation and motility. The abnormal expression of FAK has been associated with poor prognosis in cancer, including ovarian cancer. However, although FAK isoforms with specific molecular and functional properties have been characterized, there are a limited number of published studies that examine FAK isoforms in ovarian cancer. The aim of the present study was to analyze the expression level of FAK and its isoforms in ovarian cancer. The expression of FAK kinase and focal adhesion targeting (FAT) domains was determined with immunohistochemistry in healthy ovary, and serous and mucinous cystadenoma, borderline tumor and carcinoma samples. Additionally, the expression of FAK and its isoforms were investigated in three ovarian cancer-derived cell lines with western blotting and reverse transcription-semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. An increased expression of FAK kinase domain was determined in serous tumor samples and was associated with advancement of the lesion. FAK kinase domain expression was moderate-to-low in mucinous tumor samples. The expression of the FAK FAT domain in tumor samples was reduced, compared with healthy ovary samples; however, the FAT domain was localized to the cellular nucleus. Expression of alternative transcripts FAK°, FAK28,6 and FAK28 was determined in all three cell lines investigated. In conclusion, FAK kinase and FAT domains are differentially expressed among ovarian tumor types. These results indicated the presence of at least two isoforms of FAK (FAK and the putative FAK-related non-kinase) in tumor tissue, which is supported by the cells producing at least three FAK alternative transcripts. These results may support the use of FAK and its isoforms as biomarkers for ovarian cancer.
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