1
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Sharma S. Unraveling the role of long non-coding RNAs in therapeutic resistance in acute myeloid leukemia: New prospects & challenges. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:1203-1221. [PMID: 39036603 PMCID: PMC11259994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a fatal hematological disease characterized by the unchecked proliferation of immature myeloid blasts in different tissues developed by various mutations in hematopoiesis. Despite intense chemotherapeutic regimens, patients often experience poor outcomes, leading to substandard remission rates. In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have increasingly become important prognostic and therapeutic hotspots, due to their contributions to dysregulating many functional epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-translational mechanisms leading to alterations in cell expressions, resulting in increased chemoresistance and reduced apoptosis in leukemic cells. Through this review, I highlight and discuss the latest advances in understanding the major mechanisms through which lncRNAs confer therapy resistance in AML. In addition, I also provide perspective on the current strategies to target lncRNA expressions. A better knowledge of the critical role that lncRNAs play in controlling treatment outcomes in AML will help improve existing medications and devise new ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhant Sharma
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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2
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Tendulkar R, Tendulkar M. Current Update of Research on Exosomes in Cancer. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:26-39. [PMID: 37461337 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230717105000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are vesicles secreted by the plasma membrane of the cells delimited by a lipid bilayer membrane into the extracellular space of the cell. Their release is associated with the disposal mechanism to remove unwanted materials from the cells. Exosomes released from primary tumour sites migrate to other parts of the body to create a metastatic environment for spreading the tumour cells. We have reviewed that exosomes interfere with the tumour progression by (i) promoting angiogenesis, (ii) initiating metastasis, (iii) regulating tumour microenvironment (TME) and inflammation, (iv) modifying energy metabolism, and (v) transferring mutations. We have found that EVs play an important role in inducing tumour drug resistance against anticancer drugs. This review discusses the potential of exosomes to generate a significant therapeutic effect along with improved diagnosis, prognosis, insights on the various research conducted and their significant findings of our interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Tendulkar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vivekanand Education Society's College of Pharmacy, India
| | - Mugdha Tendulkar
- Faculty of Science, Sardar Vallabhbhai College of Science, India
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3
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Sun L, Liu J, Bao D, Hu C, Zhao Y, Chen S. Progress in the study of FOXO3a interacting with microRNA to regulate tumourigenesis development. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1293968. [PMID: 37965449 PMCID: PMC10641706 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1293968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
FOXO3a is a protein of the forkhead box family that inhibits tumour cell growth. One of the regulatory modes affecting the role of FOXO3a is microRNA targeting and degradation of its mRNA expression, and conversely, aberrant expression of FOXO3a as a transcription factor also influences microRNA levels. We summarized the results of the regulatory interactions of twenty-five microRNAs with FOXO3a in five types of malignant tumours and found that dual microRNAs synergize with FOXO3a to inhibit breast cancer cell growth including two groups; Three individual microRNAs collaborated with FOXO3a to restrain hepatocellular carcinoma progression; Twelve individual microRNAs antagonized FOXO3a to promote the development of a single tumour cell, respectively; and five microRNAs antagonized FOXO3a to contribute to the progression of more than two types of tumours. The above findings demonstrated the tumour suppressor effect of FOXO3a, but another result revealed that miR-485-5p and miR-498 inhibited the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by antagonizing FOXO3a when acting in combination with other long-stranded non-coding RNAs, respectively, suggesting that FOXO3a at this moment plays the function of promoting the tumour progression. The PI3K/AKT, Snail, VEGF-NRP1, and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathways perform crucial roles in the above process. It is anticipated that the above studies will assist in understanding the effects of FOXO3a-MicroRNA interactions in cancer genesis and development, and provide new perspectives in the treatment of malignant tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Sun
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
- College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
| | - Dongbo Bao
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
| | - Yundong Zhao
- College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
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4
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Ždralević M, Raonić J, Popovic N, Vučković L, Rovčanin Dragović I, Vukčević B, Todorović V, Vukmirović F, Marzano F, Tullo A, Guaragnella N, Giannattasio S, Radunović M. The role of miRNA in colorectal cancer diagnosis: A pilot study. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:267. [PMID: 37216163 PMCID: PMC10193376 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most common cancer worldwide, and has both a poor prognosis and a high recurrence rate, thus indicating the need for new, sensitive and specific biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are important regulators of gene expression, which are involved in numerous biological processes implicated in tumorigenesis. The objective of the present study was to investigate the expression of miRNAs in plasma and tissue samples from patients with CRC, and to examine their potential as CRC biomarkers. Using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, it was revealed that miR-29a, miR-101, miR-125b, miR-146a and miR-155 were dysregulated in the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of patients with CRC, compared with the surrounding healthy tissue, and these miRNAs were associated with several pathological features of the tumor. Bioinformatics analysis of overlapping target genes identified AGE-RAGE signaling as a putative joint regulatory pathway. miR-146a was also upregulated in the plasma of patients with CRC, compared with the healthy control group, and had a fair discriminatory power (area under the curve, 0.7006), with 66.7% sensitivity and 77.8% specificity. To the best of our knowledge, this distinct five-miRNA deregulation pattern in tumor tissue, and upregulation of plasma miR-146a, were shown for the first time in patients with CRC; however, studies on larger patient cohorts are warranted to confirm their potential to be used as CRC diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maša Ždralević
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Janja Raonić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
- Center for Pathology, Clinical Center of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Natasa Popovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Ljiljana Vučković
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
- Center for Pathology, Clinical Center of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | | | - Batrić Vukčević
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
- Center for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Vladimir Todorović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
- Institute for Oncology, Clinical Center of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Filip Vukmirović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
- Center for Pathology, Clinical Center of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Flaviana Marzano
- Institute for Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Apollonia Tullo
- Institute for Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Guaragnella
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Sergio Giannattasio
- Institute for Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Miodrag Radunović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
- Center for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
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5
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Luo ZD, Wang YF, Zhao YX, Yu LC, Li T, Fan YJ, Zeng SJ, Zhang YL, Zhang Y, Zhang X. Emerging roles of non-coding RNAs in colorectal cancer oxaliplatin resistance and liquid biopsy potential. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:1-18. [PMID: 36683709 PMCID: PMC9850945 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies of the digestive tract, with the annual incidence and mortality increasing consistently. Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy is a preferred therapeutic regimen for patients with advanced CRC. However, most patients will inevitably develop resistance to oxaliplatin. Many studies have reported that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, are extensively involved in cancer progression. Moreover, emerging evidence has revealed that ncRNAs mediate chemoresistance to oxaliplatin by transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, and by epigenetic modification. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms by which ncRNAs regulate the initiation and development of CRC chemoresistance to oxaliplatin. Furthermore, we investigate the clinical application of ncRNAs as promising biomarkers for liquid CRC biopsy. This review provides new insights into overcoming oxaliplatin resistance in CRC by targeting ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Dong Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yi-Feng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu-Xiao Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Long-Chen Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying-Jing Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shun-Jie Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan-Li Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
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6
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Volovat SR, Augustin I, Zob D, Boboc D, Amurariti F, Volovat C, Stefanescu C, Stolniceanu CR, Ciocoiu M, Dumitras EA, Danciu M, Apostol DGC, Drug V, Shurbaji SA, Coca LG, Leon F, Iftene A, Herghelegiu PC. Use of Personalized Biomarkers in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer and the Impact of AI. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194834. [PMID: 36230757 PMCID: PMC9562853 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide and is correlated with genetic and epigenetic alterations in the colonic epithelium. Genetic changes play a major role in the pathophysiology of colorectal cancer through the development of gene mutations, but recent research has shown an important role for epigenetic alterations. In this review, we try to describe the current knowledge about epigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, as well as the role of non-coding RNAs as epigenetic regulators and the prognostic and predictive biomarkers in metastatic colorectal disease that can allow increases in the effectiveness of treatments. Additionally, the intestinal microbiota’s composition can be an important biomarker for the response to strategies based on the immunotherapy of CRC. The identification of biomarkers in mCRC can be enhanced by developing artificial intelligence programs. We present the actual models that implement AI technology as a bridge connecting ncRNAs with tumors and conducted some experiments to improve the quality of the model used as well as the speed of the model that provides answers to users. In order to carry out this task, we implemented six algorithms: the naive Bayes classifier, the random forest classifier, the decision tree classifier, gradient boosted trees, logistic regression and SVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona-Ruxandra Volovat
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Iolanda Augustin
- Department of Medical Oncology, AI.Trestioreanu Institute of Oncology, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Zob
- Department of Medical Oncology, AI.Trestioreanu Institute of Oncology, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Diana Boboc
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Florin Amurariti
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Constantin Volovat
- Department of Medical Oncology, “Euroclinic” Center of Oncology, 2 Vasile Conta Str., 700106 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.V.); (C.S.)
| | - Cipriana Stefanescu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics-Nuclear Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.V.); (C.S.)
| | - Cati Raluca Stolniceanu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics-Nuclear Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Manuela Ciocoiu
- Department of Pathophysiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Eduard Alexandru Dumitras
- Department of Pathophysiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Danciu
- Pathology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | | | - Vasile Drug
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Gastroenterology Clinic, Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, ‘St. Spiridon’ Clinical Hospital, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Sinziana Al Shurbaji
- Gastroenterology Clinic, Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, ‘St. Spiridon’ Clinical Hospital, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Lucia-Georgiana Coca
- Faculty of Computer Science, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Florin Leon
- Faculty of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Adrian Iftene
- Faculty of Computer Science, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Paul-Corneliu Herghelegiu
- Faculty of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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7
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Datta B, Paul D, Dey T, Pal S, Rakshit T. Importance of Extracellular Vesicle Derived RNAs as
Critical Colorectal Cancer Biomarkers. ACS BIO & MED CHEM AU 2022; 2:222-235. [PMID: 37101571 PMCID: PMC10114864 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.1c00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Colorectal cancer
typically begins from a nonmalignant polyp formation
in the large intestine that, over time, develops into colorectal cancer.
The growth of benign polyps can be checked if detected in the early
stages of the disease. Doctors usually recommend colonoscopy to average
and high-risk individuals for colorectal cancer screening. Elevated
carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a broadly used biomarker for colorectal
cancer. The genetic and epigenetic alteration of genes such as p53,
BRAF, APC, and PIK3CA is also correlated with colorectal cancer in
various clinical studies. In general, tissue biopsy is most frequently
used for colorectal cancer diagnosis, but the whole tumor heterogeneity
cannot be accessed by this technique. Furthermore, such a highly invasive
technique is not suitable for repeated testing. Recently, extracellular
vesicles (EVs), lipid bilayer enclosed sacs secreted from colorectal
cancer cells, are emerging as a diagnostic tool for colon cancer detection.
The major advantages of using EVs for colon cancer diagnosis are (i)
EVs can be isolated in a noninvasive manner from the body fluid and
(ii) EV incorporated cargoes (mostly RNAs) reveal various aspects
of colorectal cancer. EV-RNAs are also implicated in tumor invasion
and influence the immune system for the further spread of tumors.
However, due to the lack of standardized EV detection strategies,
diagnostic applicability is limited. Herein, we review the recent
literature on the pathobiological dependence of colorectal cancer
on EV-RNAs. Further, we present the advantages of identification and
characterization of EV-RNAs to explore the connection between differential
expression of extracellular vesicle incorporated RNAs and colorectal
cancer. How this approach may potentially translate into point of
care colorectal cancer diagnostics is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brateen Datta
- School
of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
- Department
of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Debashish Paul
- Department
of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India
- Department
of Chemistry, Shiv Nadar University, Delhi-NCR, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Tina Dey
- Department
of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Suchetan Pal
- Department
of Chemistry, IIT Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 492015, India
| | - Tatini Rakshit
- Department
of Chemistry, Shiv Nadar University, Delhi-NCR, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
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8
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Tang L, Yuan Y, Zhai H, Wang J, Zhang D, Liang H, Shi Y, Duan L, Jiang X. MicroRNA-125b-5p Correlates With Prognosis and Lung Adenocarcinoma Progression. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:788690. [PMID: 35187068 PMCID: PMC8851393 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.788690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies have focused on investigating microRNAs as crucial regulators in the progression of multiple cancer types. Nevertheless, the biological effects and immunological role of miR-125b-5p in non-small cell lung cancer (lung adenocarcinoma, LUAD) have not been determined. The present study aimed to examine the function of miR-125b-5p on cell proliferation and the outcomes of LUAD patients. We utilized diverse public databases in the analysis of the expression, prognosis, diagnostic value, and immune role of miR-125b-5p in non-small cell lung cancer. The growth curve, colony formation, flow cytometry, and Transwell and invasion assays were utilized to determine the function of miR-125b-5p in LUAD progression. In this study, we found that miR-125b-5p was decreased in LUAD and correlated with poor prognosis. Pathway analyses revealed that miR-125b-5p was mainly involved in cell proliferation and immune regulation. Moreover, in vitro experiments indicated that the overexpression of miR-125b-5p significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced cell apoptosis of LUAD. Finally, we discovered that miR-125b-5p correlated with immune cell infiltration. In summary, these results demonstrated that miR-125b-5p serves as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yixiao Yuan
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Haoqing Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Wang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Dahang Zhang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Huasu Liang
- Department of Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yulin Shi
- Department of Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lincan Duan
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Lincan Duan, ; Xiulin Jiang,
| | - Xiulin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lincan Duan, ; Xiulin Jiang,
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9
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Lampropoulou DI, Pliakou E, Aravantinos G, Filippou D, Gazouli M. The Role of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer Drug Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031473. [PMID: 35163397 PMCID: PMC8835818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer diagnosed worldwide with high morbidity; drug resistance is often responsible for treatment failure in CRC. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play distinct regulatory roles in tumorigenesis, cancer progression and chemoresistance. Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed database in order to sum up and discuss the role of exosomal ncRNAs (ex-ncRNAs) in CRC drug resistance/response and their possible mechanisms. Results: Thirty-six (36) original research articles were identified; these included exosome or extracellular vesicle (EV)-containing microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) and small-interfering (siRNAs). No studies were found for piwi-interacting RNAs. Conclusions: Exosomal transfer of ncRNAs has been documented as a new mechanism of CRC drug resistance. Despite being in its infancy, it has emerged as a promising field for research in order to (i) discover novel biomarkers for therapy monitoring and/or (ii) reverse drug desensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Ioanna Lampropoulou
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, General Oncology Hospital of Kifissia “Agioi Anargiroi”, 14564 Athens, Greece; (D.I.L.); (E.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Evangelia Pliakou
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, General Oncology Hospital of Kifissia “Agioi Anargiroi”, 14564 Athens, Greece; (D.I.L.); (E.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Gerasimos Aravantinos
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, General Oncology Hospital of Kifissia “Agioi Anargiroi”, 14564 Athens, Greece; (D.I.L.); (E.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Dimitrios Filippou
- Department of Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence:
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10
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Bhattacharya S. The Incredible Potential of Exosomes as Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer. Curr Drug Res Rev 2022; 14:188-202. [PMID: 35490434 DOI: 10.2174/2665998002666220501164429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is common cancer that is one of the leading causes of cancerrelated deaths around the world. The creation of new biomarkers for this disease is an important public health strategy for lowering the disease's mortality rate. According to new research, exosomes may be important sources of biomarkers in CRC. Exosomes are nanometer-sized membrane vesicles (30-200 nm) secreted by normal and cancer cells that transport RNA and proteins between cells and are thought to help with intercellular communication. Exosomes have been linked to CRC initiation and progression, and some differentially expressed RNAs and proteins in exosomes have been identified as potential cancer detection candidates. As a result, studying the relationship between exosomes and CRC may aid in the development of new biomarkers for the disease. This article discusses the importance of exosomes as biomarkers in the diagnosis of CRC, as well as their use in the treatment of CRC metastasis, chemoresistance, and recrudescence. The benefits and drawbacks of using exosomes as tumour markers are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankha Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NMIM'S School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India
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11
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Gastrointestinal cancer drug resistance: the role of exosomal miRNAs. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:2421-2432. [PMID: 34850336 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07007-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Resistance of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer cells to therapeutic agents are one of the major problems in treating this type of cancer. Although the exact mechanism of drug resistance has not yet been fully elucidated, various factors have been identified as contributing factors involved in this process. Several studies have revealed the role of exosomes, especially exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs), in GI tumorigenesis, invasion, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. Exosomes, a type of small extracellular vesicles (EVs), are originated from endosomes and are released into the extracellular environment and body fluids by different cell types. Exosomes mediate cell-cell communication by transferring different cargos, including miRNAs, between parent and recipient cells. Therefore, identifying these exosomal miRNAs and their functions in GI cancers might provide new clues to further explore the secret of this process and thus help in drug-resistance management. This review article will discuss the roles of exosomal miRNAs and their mechanisms of action in drug resistance of different types of GI cancer cells (e.g., stomach, esophagus, liver, pancreas, and colon) to therapeutic agents.
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12
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Yang H, Xie S, Liang B, Tang Q, Liu H, Wang D, Huang G. Exosomal IDH1 increases the resistance of colorectal cancer cells to 5-Fluorouracil. J Cancer 2021; 12:4862-4872. [PMID: 34234856 PMCID: PMC8247374 DOI: 10.7150/jca.58846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance challenges the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer and requires an urgent solution. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is a key enzyme involved in glucose metabolism that mediates the malignant transformation of tumors. However, the mechanisms by which IDH1 is involved in colorectal cancer cell proliferation and drug resistance induction remain unclear. In this study, we found that IDH1 was highly expressed in human colorectal cancer tissues and could be used to indicate a high-grade tumor. In vitro gene overexpression and knockdown were used to determine whether IDH1 promoted the proliferation of the colorectal cancer cell line HCT8 and resistance to 5-Fluorouracil (5FU). Further studies have shown that the 5FU-resistant cell line, HCT8FU, secreted exosomes that contained a high level of IDH1 protein. The exosomal IDH1 derived from 5FU-resistant cells enhanced the resistance of 5FU-sensitive cells. Metabolic assays revealed that exosomes derived from 5FU-resistant cells promoted a decrease in the level of IDH1-mediated NADPH, which is associated with the development of 5FU resistance in colorectal cancer cells. Therefore, exosomal IDH1 may be the transmitter and driver of chemoresistance in colorectal cancer and a potential chemotherapy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Sha Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Beibei Liang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Qiqi Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Huanchen Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Dongliang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
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13
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Sur D, Balacescu L, Cainap SS, Visan S, Pop L, Burz C, Havasi A, Buiga R, Cainap C, Irimie A, Balacescu O. Predictive Efficacy of MiR-125b-5p, MiR-17-5p, and MiR-185-5p in Liver Metastasis and Chemotherapy Response Among Advanced Stage Colorectal Cancer Patients. Front Oncol 2021; 11:651380. [PMID: 34084747 PMCID: PMC8167052 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.651380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs represent potential biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC). The study hypothesized that miRNAs associated with liver metastases may also contribute to assessing treatment response when associated to plasma exosomes. In this study, we used two sets of biological samples, a collection of tumor tissues harvested from patients with CRC with and without liver metastases, and a collection of plasma from CRC patients with and without response to FOLFOX4/FOLFIRI regimens. We investigated 10 target miRNAs in the tissue of 28 CRC patients and identified miR-125b-5p, miR-17-5p, and miR-185-5p to be associated with liver metastasis. Further, we investigated the three miRNAs at the exosomal level in a plasma collection to test their association with chemotherapy response. Our data suggest that the elevated plasma levels of miR-17-5p and miR-185-5p could be predictive of treatment response. Overexpression of miR-17-5p and underexpression of miR-125b-5p and miR-185-5p in CRC tissue seem to be associated with metastatic potential. On the other hand, an increased expression of miR-125b-5p in plasma exosomes was potentially correlated with a more aggressive CRC phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sur
- 11th Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Loredana Balacescu
- 11th Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Genetics, Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona S Cainap
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Emergency County Hospital for Children, Pediatric Clinic no 2, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Mother and Child, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona Visan
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laura Pop
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudia Burz
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Immunology and Allergology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Havasi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rares Buiga
- Department of Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Pathology, "Iuliu Hatieganu", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Calin Cainap
- 11th Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Irimie
- 11th Department of Oncological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Surgery, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Balacescu
- 11th Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Genetics, Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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14
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Mostafazadeh M, Samadi N, Kahroba H, Baradaran B, Haiaty S, Nouri M. Potential roles and prognostic significance of exosomes in cancer drug resistance. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:1. [PMID: 33407894 PMCID: PMC7789218 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00515-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a major impediment in cancer therapy which strongly reduces the efficiency of anti-cancer drugs. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with cup or spherical shape with a size range of 40-150 nm released by eukaryotic cells that contain genetic materials, proteins, and lipids which mediate a specific cell-to-cell communication. The potential roles of exosomes in intrinsic and acquired drug resistance have been reported in several studies. Furthermore, a line of evidence suggested that the content of exosomes released from tumor cells in biological samples may be associated with the clinical outcomes of cancer patients. In this review, we highlighted the recent studies regarding the potential roles of exosomes in tumor initiation, progression, and chemoresistance. This study suggests the possible role of exosomes for drug delivery and their contents in prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Mostafazadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Samadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Houman Kahroba
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanya Haiaty
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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15
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Alves dos Santos K, Clemente dos Santos IC, Santos Silva C, Gomes Ribeiro H, de Farias Domingos I, Nogueira Silbiger V. Circulating Exosomal miRNAs as Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010346. [PMID: 33396209 PMCID: PMC7795745 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the gastrointestinal tract. It is a multifactorial disease that involves environmental factors, genetic factors, and lifestyle factors. Due to the absence of specific and sensitive biomarkers, CRC patients are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and consequently suffer from a low 5-year overall survival rate. Despite improvements in surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy, the prognosis of patients with CRC remains unfavorable due to local and distant metastases. Several studies have shown that small noncoding RNAs, such as microRNAs packed in exosomes, are potential biomarkers in various types of cancers, including CRC, and that they can be detected in a stable form in both serum and plasma. In this review, we report the potential of circulating exosomal miRNAs to act as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiusse Alves dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN 59012-570 Natal, Brazil; (K.A.d.S.); (I.C.C.d.S.); (I.d.F.D.)
- Bioanalysis and Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN 59012-570 Natal, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (H.G.R.)
| | - Isabelle Cristina Clemente dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN 59012-570 Natal, Brazil; (K.A.d.S.); (I.C.C.d.S.); (I.d.F.D.)
- Bioanalysis and Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN 59012-570 Natal, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (H.G.R.)
| | - Carollyne Santos Silva
- Bioanalysis and Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN 59012-570 Natal, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (H.G.R.)
| | - Hériks Gomes Ribeiro
- Bioanalysis and Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN 59012-570 Natal, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (H.G.R.)
| | - Igor de Farias Domingos
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN 59012-570 Natal, Brazil; (K.A.d.S.); (I.C.C.d.S.); (I.d.F.D.)
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN 59012-570 Natal, Brazil
| | - Vivian Nogueira Silbiger
- Bioanalysis and Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN 59012-570 Natal, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (H.G.R.)
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN 59012-570 Natal, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-84-99939-4224
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16
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Peng B, Theng PY, Le MTN. Essential functions of miR-125b in cancer. Cell Prolif 2020; 54:e12913. [PMID: 33332677 PMCID: PMC7848968 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small and highly conserved non-coding RNAs that silence target mRNAs, and compelling evidence suggests that they play an essential role in the pathogenesis of human diseases, especially cancer. miR-125b, which is the mammalian orthologue of the first discovered miRNA lin-4 in Caenorhabditis elegans, is one of the most important miRNAs that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. The role of miR-125b in many types of cancer has been well established, and so here we review the current knowledge of how miR-125b is deregulated in different types of cancer; its oncogenic and/or tumour-suppressive roles in tumourigenesis and cancer progression; and its regulation with regard to treatment response, all of which are underlined in multiple studies. The emerging information that elucidates the essential functions of miR-125b might help support its potentiality as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker as well as an effective therapeutic tool against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boya Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Poh Ying Theng
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Minh T N Le
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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17
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Chen Z, Guo X, Sun S, Lu C, Wang L. Serum miR-125b levels associated with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) development and treatment responses. Bioengineered 2020; 11:311-317. [PMID: 32107956 PMCID: PMC7161537 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1736755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Downexpression of miRs was associated with tumor development, progression, and metastasis. This study explored the serum levels of miR-125b in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and to assess its diagnostic value and monitor treatment responses for patients with EOC. A total of 379 individuals were recruited and assigned to the study groups. RT-qPCR analysis was performed to confirm the association of serum miR-125b levels with tumor stages and treatment responses. The median serum levels of miR-125b in patients with EOC were significantly lower than that of other controls (P < 0.0001). Serum miR-125b in patients with high FIGO stage (III+IV), lymph node metastasis, and chemoresistance were lower than that in patients with early-stage (stage I+ II; P < 0.001), without lymph metastasis (p = 0.032) and chemosensitivity (P < 0.001). Low levels of miR-125b had a poor prognosis in patients with EOC. Using a median value of 0.748 to separate EOC from other controls, the sensitivity and specificity reached 0.76 (95% CI 0.75 to 0.85) and 0.416 (95% CI 0.26 to 0.55), respectively. Serum miR-125b showed a statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative patients in surgical patient groups (P = 0.003). Serum miR-125b levels were lower in patients with chemoresistance than that in patients with chemosensitivity (P < 0.0001). Serum miR-125b in combination with serum CA125 improved both sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of EOC (P < 0.001). This study demonstrated that serum miR-125b levels were a useful diagnostic biomarker and biomarker to predict the responses to chemotherapy in patients with EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology II, People's Hospital of Gaotang County, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoli Guo
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shukai Sun
- Department of Clinical Lab, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Caixia Lu
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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18
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MicroRNA Profiling in Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines and Patient Serum Samples Reveals a Role for miR-451a in Radiation Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238898. [PMID: 33255413 PMCID: PMC7727862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many patients with Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma (OAC) do not benefit from chemoradiotherapy treatment due to therapy resistance. To better understand the mechanisms involved in resistance and to find potential biomarkers, we investigated the association of microRNAs, which regulate gene expression, with the response to individual treatments, focusing on radiation. Intrinsic radiation resistance and chemotherapy drug resistance were assessed in eight OAC cell lines, and miRNA expression profiling was performed via TaqMan OpenArray qPCR. miRNAs discovered were either uniquely associated with resistance to radiation, cisplatin, or 5-FU, or were common to two or all three of the treatments. Target mRNA pathway analyses indicated several potential mechanisms of treatment resistance. miRNAs associated with the in vitro treatment responses were then investigated for association with pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in pre-treatment serums of patients with OAC. miR-451a was associated uniquely with resistance to radiation treatment in the cell lines, and with the response to nCRT in patient serums. Inhibition of miR-451a in the radiation resistant OAC cell line OE19 increased radiosensitivity (Survival Fraction 73% vs. 87%, p = 0.0003), and altered RNA expression. Pathway analysis of effected small non-coding RNAs and corresponding mRNA targets suggest potential mechanisms of radiation resistance in OAC.
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19
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Laschos K, Lampropoulou DI, Aravantinos G, Piperis M, Filippou D, Theodoropoulos G, Gazouli M. Exosomal noncoding RNAs in cholangiocarcinoma: Laboratory noise or hope? World J Gastrointest Surg 2020; 12:407-424. [PMID: 33194090 PMCID: PMC7642347 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v12.i10.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, extracellular vesicles and particularly exosomes have gained a lot of research interest due to their unique roles in several biological processes. Noncoding RNAs (microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs and circular RNAs) represent a class of functional RNA with distinct regulatory roles in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare but highly aggressive type of malignancy that is very challenging to diagnose, especially in early stages; surgical resection still represents the sole potentially curative treatment option. Hence, there is an urgent need for the discovery of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Hereby, we provide a comprehensive review of the most recent discoveries that focus on exosomal noncoding RNAs in cholangio-carcinoma with the aim to identify new molecular players that could be used as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Laschos
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, General Oncology Hospital of Kifissia “Agioi Anargiroi”, Athens 14564, Greece
| | - Dimitra Ioanna Lampropoulou
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, General Oncology Hospital of Kifissia “Agioi Anargiroi”, Athens 14564, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Aravantinos
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, General Oncology Hospital of Kifissia “Agioi Anargiroi”, Athens 14564, Greece
| | - Maria Piperis
- Radiation Therapy Department, Iatropolis, Athens 15231, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Filippou
- Department of Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - George Theodoropoulos
- 1st Propaedeutic University Surgery Clinic, Hippocratio General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
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20
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Han J, Sun W, Liu R, Zhou Z, Zhang H, Chen X, Ba Y. Plasma Exosomal miRNA Expression Profile as Oxaliplatin-Based Chemoresistant Biomarkers in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1495. [PMID: 33072545 PMCID: PMC7531016 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chemotherapy is one of the most common therapies used in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), but chemoresistance inevitably occurs. It is challenging to obtain an immediate and accurate diagnosis of chemoresistance. The potential of circulating exosomal miRNAs as oxaliplatin-based chemoresistant biomarkers in CRC patients was investigated in this study. Methods: Plasma exosomal miRNAs in sensitive and resistant patients were analyzed by miRNA microarray analysis, followed by verification with a quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay in two independent cohorts. The diagnostic accuracy was determined by ROC curve analysis. Logistic regression analysis and Spearman's rank correlation test were also performed. Finally, bioinformatics was used to preliminarily explore the potential molecular mechanism of the selected miRNAs in chemoresistance. Results: miRNA microarray analysis identified four upregulated miRNAs and 20 downregulated miRNAs in chemoresistant patients compared to chemosensitive patients. Twelve markedly dysregulated miRNAs were selected for further investigation, of which six (miR-100, miR-92a, miR-16, miR-30e, miR-144-5p, and let-7i) were verified to be significantly and consistently dysregulated (>1.5-fold, P < 0.05). The combination of the six miRNAs had the highest AUC (0.825, 95% CI, 0.753–0.897). The expression level of these 6 miRNAs was not correlated with tumor location, stage, or chemotherapy program. Only miR-100 was significantly upregulated in low histological grade. GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis showed that miRNAs were related to RNA polymerase II transcription and enriched in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, and FoxO signaling pathway. Conclusions: We identified a panel of plasma exosomal miRNAs, containing miR-100, miR-92a, miR-16, miR-30e, miR-144-5p, and let-7i, that could significantly distinguish chemoresistant patients from chemosensitive patients. The detection of circulating exosomal miRNAs may serve as an effective way to monitor CRC patient responses to chemotherapy. Targeting these miRNAs may also be a promising strategy for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Han
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wu Sun
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University and Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Ba
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Vacante M, Ciuni R, Basile F, Biondi A. The Liquid Biopsy in the Management of Colorectal Cancer: An Overview. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E308. [PMID: 32858879 PMCID: PMC7555636 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is a crucial need for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity in patients with colorectal cancer. A "liquid biopsy" is characterized by the isolation of cancer-derived components, such as circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA, microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and proteins, from peripheral blood or other body fluids and their genomic or proteomic assessment. The liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive and repeatable technique that could play a significant role in screening and diagnosis, and predict relapse and metastasis, as well as monitoring minimal residual disease and chemotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer patients. However, there are still some practical issues that need to be addressed before liquid biopsy can be widely used in clinical practice. Potential challenges may include low amounts of circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA in samples, lack of pre-analytical and analytical consensus, clinical validation, and regulatory endorsement. The aim of this review was to summarize the current knowledge of the role of liquid biopsy in the management of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vacante
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (R.C.); (F.B.); (A.B.)
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22
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Mehrgou A, Ebadollahi S, Seidi K, Ayoubi-Joshaghani MH, Ahmadieh Yazdi A, Zare P, Jaymand M, Jahanban-Esfahlan R. Roles of miRNAs in Colorectal Cancer: Therapeutic Implications and Clinical Opportunities. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 11:233-247. [PMID: 33880345 PMCID: PMC8046386 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most disseminated diseases across the globe engaging the digestive system. Various therapeutic methods from traditional to the state-of-the-art ones have been applied in CRC patients, however, the attempts have been unfortunate to lead to a definite cure. MiRNAs are a smart group of non-coding RNAs having the capabilities of regulating and controlling coding genes. By utilizing this stock-in-trade biomolecules, not only disease’s symptoms can be eliminated, there may also be a good chance for the complete cure of the disease in the near future. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review delineating the therapeutic relationship between miRNAs and CRC. To this, various clinical aspects of miRNAs which act as a tumor suppressor and/or an oncogene, their underlying cellular processes and clinical outcomes, and, in particular, their effects and expression level changes in patients treated with chemo- and radiotherapy are discussed. Finally, based on the results deducted from scientific research studies, therapeutic opportunities based on targeting/utilizing miRNAs in the preclinical as well as clinical settings are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mehrgou
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Ebadollahi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Khaled Seidi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 9841 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Ayoubi-Joshaghani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 9841 Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committees, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 9841 Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Peyman Zare
- Dioscuri Center of Chromatin Biology and Epigenomics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Medicine, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mehdi Jaymand
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rana Jahanban-Esfahlan
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 9841 Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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23
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Circulating Tumour DNAs and Non-Coding RNAs as Liquid Biopsies for the Management of Colorectal Cancer Patients. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/gidisord2030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumour DNAs and non-coding RNAs present in body fluids have been under investigation as tools for cancer diagnosis, disease monitoring, and prognosis for many years. These so-called liquid biopsies offer the opportunity to obtain information about the molecular make-up of a cancer in a minimal invasive way and offer the possibility to implement theranostics for precision oncology. Furthermore, liquid biopsies could overcome the limitations of tissue biopsies in capturing the complexity of tumour heterogeneity within the primary cancer and among different metastatic sites. Liquid biopsies may also be implemented to detect early tumour formation or to monitor cancer relapse of response to therapy with greater sensitivity compared with the currently available protein-based blood biomarkers. Most colorectal cancers are often diagnosed at late stages and have a high mortality rate. Hence, biomolecules as nucleic acids present in liquid biopsies might have prognostic potential and could serve as predictive biomarkers for chemotherapeutic regimens. This review will focus on the role of circulating tumour DNAs and non-coding RNAs as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers in the context of colorectal cancer.
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24
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Deng Q, Fang Q, Xie B, Sun H, Bao Y, Zhou S. Exosomal long non-coding RNA MSTRG.292666.16 is associated with osimertinib (AZD9291) resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:8001-8015. [PMID: 32375124 PMCID: PMC7244069 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Acquired resistance of osimertinib is encountered in clinic treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the molecular mechanisms of osimertinib resistance are not fully revealed. This study aimed to investigate the roles of exosomes in delivering osimertinib resistance in NSCLC. Exosomes were successfully isolated. LncRNA sequencing identified a total of 123 differentially expressed lncRNAs, including 45 upregulated lncRNAs and 78 downregulated lncRNAs. The relative expression level of lncRNA MSTRG.292666.16 was significantly upregulated in osimertinib-resistant plasma, osimertinib-resistant H1975R cells and their derived exosomes, compared with those in osimertinib- sensitive plasma, H1975 cells and exosomes (P < 0.05). Besides, osimertinib-resistant exosomes could regulate gene expressions induced by osimertinib, including miRNA-21, miRNA-125b, TGFβ, ARF6 and c-Kit. Osimertinib-resistant exosomes could be taken up by osimertinib-sensitive H1975 cells and resulting in osimertinib-resistance in vivo. Knockdown of lncRNA MSTRG.292666.16 decreased osimertinib resistance of H1975R cells. Our results suggest that exosomal lncRNA MSTRG.292666.16 might be associated with osimertinib resistance in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinfang Deng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiyu Fang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Boxiong Xie
- Department of Thoracic, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Bao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songwen Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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25
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Baassiri A, Nassar F, Mukherji D, Shamseddine A, Nasr R, Temraz S. Exosomal Non Coding RNA in LIQUID Biopsies as a Promising Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041398. [PMID: 32092975 PMCID: PMC7073025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with a high mortality rate, especially in those that are diagnosed in late stages of the disease. The current screening blood-based markers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), have low sensitivity and specificity. Meanwhile, other modalities are either expensive or invasive. Therefore, recent research has shifted towards a minimally invasive test, namely, liquid biopsy. Exosomes are favorable molecules sought in blood samples, since they are abundant, stable in circulation, and harbor genetic information and other biomolecules that could serve as biomarkers or even therapeutic targets. Furthermore, exosomal noncoding RNAs, such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, have demonstrated the diagnostic potential to detect CRC at an early stage with a higher sensitivity and specificity than CEA and CA19-9 alone. Moreover, they have prognostic potential that is TNM stage specific and could serve as predictive biomarkers for the most common chemotherapeutic drug and combination regimen in CRC, which are 5-FU and FOLFOX, respectively. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the role of these exosomal noncoding RNAs as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers. In addition, we discuss the advantages and challenges of exosomes as a liquid biopsy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amro Baassiri
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107, Lebanon;
| | - Farah Nassar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology division, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107, Lebanon; (F.N.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Deborah Mukherji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology division, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107, Lebanon; (F.N.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Ali Shamseddine
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology division, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107, Lebanon; (F.N.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Rihab Nasr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107, Lebanon;
- Correspondence: (R.N.); (S.T.); Tel.: +96-1135-000 (ext. 4812) (R.N.); +96-1137-4374 (S.T.)
| | - Sally Temraz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology division, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107, Lebanon; (F.N.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.N.); (S.T.); Tel.: +96-1135-000 (ext. 4812) (R.N.); +96-1137-4374 (S.T.)
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