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Armstrong L, Willoughby CE, McKenna DJ. The Suppression of the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Prostate Cancer through the Targeting of MYO6 Using MiR-145-5p. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4301. [PMID: 38673886 PMCID: PMC11050364 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of miR-145-5p has been observed in prostate cancer where is has been suggested to play a tumor suppressor role. In other cancers, miR-145-5p acts as an inhibitor of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a key molecular process for tumor progression. However, the interaction between miR-145-5p and EMT remains to be elucidated in prostate cancer. In this paper the link between miR-145-5p and EMT in prostate cancer was investigated using a combination of in silico and in vitro analyses. miR-145-5p expression was significantly lower in prostate cancer cell lines compared to normal prostate cells. Bioinformatic analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas prostate adenocarcinoma (TCGA PRAD) data showed significant downregulation of miR-145-5p in prostate cancer, correlating with disease progression. Functional enrichment analysis significantly associated miR-145-5p and its target genes with EMT. MYO6, an EMT-associated gene, was identified and validated as a novel target of miR-145-5p in prostate cancer cells. In vitro manipulation of miR-145-5p levels significantly altered cell proliferation, clonogenicity, migration and expression of EMT-associated markers. Additional TCGA PRAD analysis suggested miR-145-5p tumor expression may be useful predictor of disease recurrence. In summary, this is the first study to report that miR-145-5p may inhibit EMT by targeting MYO6 in prostate cancer cells. The findings suggest miR-145-5p could be a useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Declan J. McKenna
- Genomic Medicine Research Group, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK; (L.A.); (C.E.W.)
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2
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Zhang Z, Li J, Yan B, Tu H, Huang C, Costa M. Loss of MEG3 and upregulation of miR-145 play an important role in the invasion and migration of Cr(VI)-transformed cells. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10086. [PMID: 36046536 PMCID: PMC9421329 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure of human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells to hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) causes malignant cell transformation. These transformed cells exhibit increases in migration and invasion. Neuronal precursor of developmentally downregulated protein 9 (NEDD9) is upregulated in Cr(VI)-transformed cells compared to that of passage-matched normal BEAS-2B cells. Knockdown of NEDD9 by its shRNA reduced invasion and migration of Cr(VI)-transformed cells. Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3), a long noncoding RNA, was lost and microRNA 145 (miR-145) was upregulated in Cr(VI)-transformed cells. MEG3 was bound to miR-145 and this binding reduced its activity. Overexpression of MEG3 or inhibition of miR-145 decreased invasion and migration of Cr(VI)-transformed cells. Overexpression of MEG3 was able to decrease miR-145 level and NEDD9 protein level in Cr(VI)-transformed cells. Ectopic expression of MEG3 was also shown to reduce β-catenin activation. Inhibition of miR-145 in Cr(VI)-transformed cells decreased Slug, an important transcription factor that regulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Inhibition of miR-145 was found to increase MEG3 in Cr(VI)-transformed cells. Further studies showed that mutation of MEG3 at the binding site for miR-145 did not change NEDD9 and failed to decrease invasion and migration. The present study demonstrated that loss of MEG3 and upregulation of miR-145 elevated NEDD9, resulting in activation of β-catenin and further upregulation of EMT, leading to increased invasion and migration of Cr(VI)-transformed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 341 East 25 Street, New York, New York, 10010, USA
| | - Jingxia Li
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 341 East 25 Street, New York, New York, 10010, USA
| | - Bo Yan
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 341 East 25 Street, New York, New York, 10010, USA
| | - Huailu Tu
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 341 East 25 Street, New York, New York, 10010, USA
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 341 East 25 Street, New York, New York, 10010, USA
| | - Max Costa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 341 East 25 Street, New York, New York, 10010, USA
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3
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Liu C, Zhu B, Zhong M, Bao J. miRNA-448 Regulates the Development of Glioblastoma (GBM) by Regulating Rho-Associated Protein Kinase 1. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2502010. [PMID: 35281946 PMCID: PMC8913139 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2502010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive adult brain tumor that poses a huge threat to people's health. Previous studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators in the progression of GBM. However, the role of miR-448 in GBM remains largely unknown. Therefore, the regulatory mechanism of miR-448 in the development of GBM is elucidated in this study. Methods The protein and mRNA expressions of miR-448 and ROCK1 were measured by Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were detected by CCK-8 assay and Transwell assay. The relationship between miR-448 and ROCK1 was probed by luciferase reporter assay. Results miR-448 expression was downregulated in GBM tissues and cells. And poor clinical outcomes of GBM patients were related to miR-448 downregulation. Functionally, overexpression of miR-448 restrained cell viability, migration, and invasion in GBM. Additionally, miR-448 reduced ROCK1 expression by binding to its 3'-UTR. Moreover, knockdown of ROCK1 inhibited the progression of GBM. Furthermore, overexpression of ROCK1 abolished the antitumor effect of miR-448 in GBM. Conclusion miR-448 restrained cell viability, invasion, and migration in GBM by inhibiting ROCK1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Neurosurgery Department, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028007, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Neurosurgery Department, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028007, China
| | - Meng Zhong
- Neurosurgery Department, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028007, China
| | - Jinsuo Bao
- Neurosurgery Department, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028007, China
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4
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Pei J, Dou H, Deng X. CircFAM53B promotes the proliferation and metastasis of glioma through activating the c-MET/PI3K/AKT pathway via sponging miR-532-3p. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:462-476. [PMID: 35100091 PMCID: PMC8942547 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.2014738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence reveals that circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulate multiple biological functions in glioma. Previously, several reports have illustrated that circFAM53B contributes to cancer development. However, the functions and mechanisms of circFAM53B in glioma remain elusive. Here, we gauged the circFAM53B profile in glioma tissues and cell lines and conducted gain-of-function assays of circFAM53B to verify circFAM53B's influence on the proliferation and metastasis of glioma cells (including A172 and LN18). As a result, circFAM53B was up-regulated in glioma tissues (vs. the matched non-tumor tissues). Higher levels of circFAM53B predicted poorer survival of glioma patients. Functionally, circFAM53B up-regulation accelerated cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and heightened Bax/Bcl2 ratio. By contrast, circFAM53B down-regulation repressed glioma development in vitro. Mechanistically, bioinformatics analysis suggested that circFAM53B served as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by sponging miR-532-3p, which targeted proto-oncogene (MET) and receptor tyrosine kinase (c-MET). miR-532-3p up-regulation delayed glioma development and inactivated the PI3K/AKT axis. Moreover, the treatment of the c-MET inhibitor SGX523, the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, and the Akt inhibitor MK-2206 reduced circFAM53B-mediated oncogenic effects. Conclusively, circFAM53B aggravated glioma progression by up-regulating the c-MET/PI3K/AKT pathway and down-regulating miR-532-3p. Thus, the circFAM53B/miR-532-3p/c-MET/PI3K/AKT axis is a potential treatment target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Pei
- Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Dou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhao Deng
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China,CONTACT Xiaozhao Deng School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing210009, China
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5
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Long non-coding RNA Linc00205 promotes hepatoblastoma progression through regulating microRNA-154-3p/Rho-associated coiled-coil Kinase 1 axis via mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:1782-1796. [PMID: 35179516 PMCID: PMC8908927 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common pediatric liver tumor. The significant tumor heterogeneity of HB leads to varied prognoses among children with the disease. Recent studies have suggested that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can serve as novel therapies for HB treatment. Thus, in this study, we aimed to reveal the function and mechanism of the lncRNA Linc00205 in HB. Our results exhibited that, in both HB tissues and cell lines, levels of Linc00205 were significantly increased. In addition, knockdown of Linc00205 led to suppression of HB development. Moreover, we identified that Linc00205 was able to directly bind to miR-154-3p, thus isolating miR-154-3p from its target Rho-associated coiled-coil Kinase 1 (ROCK1). Further cellular behavioral experiments elucidated that the miR-154-3p inhibitor and ROCK1 overexpression were able to reverse the effect of downregulated Linc00205 on proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of HB cells by rescue assays via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Our results demonstrated that Linc00205 enhanced HB progression by regulating ROCK1 expression via sponging miR-154-3p through MAPK signaling, which suggests a novel potential therapeutic target for HB.
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6
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Lone W, Bouska A, Sharma S, Amador C, Saumyaranjan M, Herek TA, Heavican TB, Yu J, Lim ST, Ong CK, Slack GW, Savage KJ, Rosenwald A, Ott G, Cook JR, Feldman AL, Rimsza LM, McKeithan TW, Greiner TC, Weisenburger DD, Melle F, Motta G, Pileri S, Vose JM, Chan WC, Iqbal J. Genome-Wide miRNA Expression Profiling of Molecular Subgroups of Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:6039-6053. [PMID: 34426436 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas with aggressive clinical behavior. We performed comprehensive miRNA profiling in PTCLs and corresponding normal CD4+ Th1/2 and TFH-like polarized subsets to elucidate the role of miRNAs in T-cell lymphomagenesis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used nCounter (NanoString Inc) for miRNA profiling and validated using Taqman qRT-PCR (Applied Biosystems, Inc). Normal CD4+ T cells were polarized into effector Th subsets using signature cytokines, and miRNA significance was revealed using functional experiments. RESULTS Effector Th subsets showed distinct miRNA expression with corresponding transcription factor expression (e.g., BCL6/miR-19b, -106, -30d, -26b, in IL21-polarized; GATA3/miR-155, miR-337 in Th2-polarized; and TBX21/miR-181a, -331-3p in Th1-polarized cells). Integration of miRNA signatures suggested activation of TCR and PI3K signaling in IL21-polarized cells, ERK signaling in Th1-polarized cells, and AKT-mTOR signaling in Th2-polarized cells, validated at protein level. In neoplastic counterparts, distinctive miRNAs were identified and confirmed in an independent cohort. Integrative miRNA-mRNA analysis identified a decrease in target transcript abundance leading to deregulation of sphingolipid and Wnt signaling and epigenetic dysregulation in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), while ERK, MAPK, and cell cycle were identified in PTCL subsets, and decreased target transcript abundance was validated in an independent cohort. Elevated expression of miRNAs (miR-126-3p, miR-145-5p) in AITL was associated with poor clinical outcome. In silico and experimental validation suggest two targets (miR-126→ SIPR2 and miR-145 → ROCK1) resulting in reduced RhoA-GTPase activity and T-B-cell interaction. CONCLUSIONS Unique miRNAs and deregulated oncogenic pathways are associated with PTCL subtypes. Upregulated miRNA-126-3p and miR-145-5p expression regulate RhoA-GTPase and inhibit T-cell migration, crucial for AITL pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Lone
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Alyssa Bouska
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Sunandini Sharma
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Catalina Amador
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Mallick Saumyaranjan
- Institute of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tyler A Herek
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Tayla B Heavican
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jiayu Yu
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Soon Thye Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore/Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore
| | - Choon Kiat Ong
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore/Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore
| | - Graham W Slack
- Center for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kerry J Savage
- Center for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andreas Rosenwald
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg and Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Würzburg, Germany
| | - German Ott
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus and Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - James R Cook
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Andrew L Feldman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Lisa M Rimsza
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Timothy W McKeithan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Timothy C Greiner
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | | | | | | | | | - Julie M Vose
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Wing C Chan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Javeed Iqbal
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
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7
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Chatterjee D, Chakrabarti O. Role of stress granules in modulating senescence and promoting cancer progression: Special emphasis on glioma. Int J Cancer 2021; 150:551-561. [PMID: 34460104 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) contain mRNAs and proteins stalled in translation during stress; these are increasingly being implicated in diseases, including neurological disorders and cancer. The dysregulated assembly, persistence, disassembly and clearance of SGs contribute to the process of senescence. Senescence has long been a mysterious player in cellular physiology and associated diseases. The systemic process of aging has been pivotal in the development of various neurological disorders like age-related neuropathy, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Glioma is a cancer of neurological origin with a very poor prognosis and high rate of recurrence, SGs have only recently been implicated in its pathogenesis. Senescence has long been established to play an antitumorigenic role, however, relatively less studied is its protumorigenic importance. Here, we have evaluated the existing literature to assess the crosstalk of the two biological phenomena of senescence and SG formation in the context of tumorigenesis. In this review, we have attempted to analyze the contribution of senescence in regulating diverse cellular processes, like, senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP), microtubular reorganization, telomeric alteration, autophagic clearance and how intricately these phenomena are tied with the formation of SGs. Finally, we propose that interplay between senescence, its contributing factors and the genesis of SGs can drive tumorigenicity of gliomas, which can potentially be utilized for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debmita Chatterjee
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
| | - Oishee Chakrabarti
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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8
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Li F, Yang BB. Non-Coding RNAs in Invadopodia: New Insights Into Cancer Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:681576. [PMID: 34290983 PMCID: PMC8287828 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.681576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Invadopodia are actin-rich structures and their formation is implicated in cancer invasion and metastasis. Growing evidence has shown that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play important roles in pathological conditions, including tumorigenesis and metastasis. Although this is still a new area of research, ncRNAs appear to be promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer metastasis. However, understanding the roles of ncRNAs in invadopodia is still in the early stages and far from clinical application. In this mini-review, we summarize the roles of ncRNAs in invadopodia functions and discuss them in a therapeutic context. The current challenges and gaps in this field are also raised, and we provide some open questions to facilitate new ideas in targeting invadopodia in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiya Li
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Burton B Yang
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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9
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Sevoflurane suppresses glioma tumorigenesis via regulating circ_0079593/miR-633/ROCK1 axis. Brain Res 2021; 1767:147543. [PMID: 34089702 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sevoflurane is a common inhalational anesthetic, which has been revealed to have anticancer effect in glioma. However, the mechanisms of sevoflurane in glioma progression remain largely unclear. METHODS Cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and metastasis were monitored by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, Transwell and Western blot assays. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot assays were used to examine the expression levels of circ_0079593, microRNA (miR)-633 and ROCK1 (Rho Associated Coiled-Coil Containing Protein Kinase 1). The dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to confirm the targeting relationship between miR-633 and circ_0079593 or ROCK1. Animal experiment was conducted to explore the effect of sevoflurane in vivo. RESULTS Sevoflurane inhibited glioma cell proliferation, metastasis and induced apoptosis in vitro as well as impeded tumor growth in vivo. The expression of circ_0079593 was higher in glioma tissues and cells, and was decreased by sevoflurane treatment in glioma cells. Functional experiments showed that circ_0079593 overexpression in glioma cells reversed the inhibitory effects of sevoflurane on cell growth and metastasis. In a mechanism analysis, circ_0079593 acted as a sponge for miR-633 to elevate ROCK1 expression in glioma cells, and sevoflurane could regulate ROCK1 expression via circ_0079593/miR-633 axis. Besides that, circ_0079593/miR-633/ROCK1 axis mediated the protective effects of sevoflurane on glioma cell tumorigenesis. CONCLUSION Sevoflurane repressed glioma tumorigenesis via regulating circ_0079593/miR-633/ROCK1 axis, suggesting a new insight into the application of sevoflurane in glioma therapy.
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10
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Diverse roles of microRNA-145 in regulating smooth muscle (dys)function in health and disease. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:353-363. [PMID: 33616623 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short, non-coding RNAs that target messenger RNAs for degradation. miR-145 is a vascular-enriched microRNA that is important for smooth muscle cell (SMC) differentiation. Under healthy circumstances, SMC exist in a contractile, differentiated phenotype promoted by miR-145. In cases of disease or injury, SMC can undergo reversible dedifferentiation into a synthetic phenotype, accompanied by inhibition of miR-145 expression. Vascular disorders such as atherosclerosis and neointimal hyperplasia are characterised by aberrant phenotypic switching in SMC. This review will summarise the physiological roles of miR-145 in vascular SMC, including the molecular regulation of differentiation, proliferation and migration. Furthermore, it will discuss the different ways in which miR-145 can be dysregulated and the downstream impact this has on the progression of vascular pathologies. Finally, it will discuss whether miR-145 may be suitable for use as a biomarker of vascular disease.
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11
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Sawant D, Lilly B. MicroRNA-145 targets in cancer and the cardiovascular system: evidence for common signaling pathways. VASCULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 2:R115-R128. [PMID: 33283158 PMCID: PMC7709916 DOI: 10.1530/vb-20-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs are small regulatory RNAs which govern gene expression post-transcriptionally by primarily binding to the 3'-UTR of mRNA target genes. miR-145 is a well-studied miRNA that has been implicated in controlling a range of biological processes. miR-145 is expressed in a variety of tissues and cell types and acts as a tumor-suppressor by regulating target gene signaling pathways involved in different aspects of tumor growth and progression. There is also strong evidence that highlights the important functions of miR-145 in the cardiovascular system. Here, we review the mechanisms of miR-145 in tumorigenesis and cancer progression and compare and contrast with the roles of miR-145 in cardiovascular development and disease. We discuss the important targets of miR-145 in cancer and their possible link to the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwitiya Sawant
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Brenda Lilly
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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12
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Gerasymchuk D, Hubiernatorova A, Domanskyi A. MicroRNAs Regulating Cytoskeleton Dynamics, Endocytosis, and Cell Motility-A Link Between Neurodegeneration and Cancer? Front Neurol 2020; 11:549006. [PMID: 33240194 PMCID: PMC7680873 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.549006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytoskeleton is one of the most mobile and complex cell structures. It is involved in cellular transport, cell division, cell shape formation and adaptation in response to extra- and intracellular stimuli, endo- and exocytosis, migration, and invasion. These processes are crucial for normal cellular physiology and are affected in several pathological processes, including neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Some proteins, participating in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), play an important role in actin cytoskeleton reorganization, and formation of invadopodia in cancer cells and are also deregulated in neurodegenerative disorders. However, there is still limited information about the factors contributing to the regulation of their expression. MicroRNAs are potent negative regulators of gene expression mediating crosstalk between different cellular pathways in cellular homeostasis and stress responses. These molecules regulate numerous genes involved in neuronal differentiation, plasticity, and degeneration. Growing evidence suggests the role of microRNAs in the regulation of endocytosis, cell motility, and invasiveness. By modulating the levels of such microRNAs, it may be possible to interfere with CME or other processes to normalize their function. In malignancy, the role of microRNAs is undoubtful, and therefore changing their levels can attenuate the carcinogenic process. Here we review the current advances in our understanding of microRNAs regulating actin cytoskeleton dynamics, CME and cell motility with a special focus on neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. We investigate whether current literature provides an evidence that microRNA-mediated regulation of essential cellular processes, such as CME and cell motility, is conserved in neurons, and cancer cells. We argue that more research effort should be addressed to study the neuron-specific functions on microRNAs. Disease-associated microRNAs affecting essential cellular processes deserve special attention both from the view of fundamental science and as future neurorestorative or anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro Gerasymchuk
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Andrii Domanskyi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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13
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Chung DJ, Wu YL, Yang MY, Chan KC, Lee HJ, Wang CJ. Nelumbo nucifera leaf polyphenol extract and gallic acid inhibit TNF-α-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration involving the regulation of miR-21, miR-143 and miR-145. Food Funct 2020; 11:8602-8611. [PMID: 33084700 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02135k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nelumbo nucifera leaf water extract (NLE) attenuates high-fat diet (HFD)-induced rabbit atherosclerosis, but its mechanism of action and the relevant compounds remain unclear. Modulating the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) may be an enforceable strategy for atherosclerosis prevention. Therefore, we investigated the potential mechanisms of N. nucifera leaf polyphenol extract (NLPE) and its active ingredient gallic acid (GA) in VSMC proliferation and migration. A7r5 rat aortic VSMCs were provoked using 50 ng mL-1 tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; the NLPE or GA reduced the TNF-α-induced migration by inhibiting the transforming protein RhoA/cell division cycle protein 42 pathway. The NLPE or GA suppressed the TNF-α-induced VSMC proliferation by inhibiting the Ras pathway and increasing the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), kinase suppressor of Ras 2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase. The NLPE or GA increased PTEN expression by downregulating microRNA (miR)-21 expression and reduced Ras and RhoA expression by upregulating miR-143 and miR-145 expression. The NLPE and GA use potentially prevents atherosclerosis by inhibiting the VSMC migration and proliferation. The mechanisms involve the regulation of the miRNA in PTEN, the Ras/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase pathway, and Rho family proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Jung Chung
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Section 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Liang Wu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Surgical Department, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Section 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, No. 110, Section, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Mon-Yuan Yang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Section 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Chuan Chan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Section 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan and Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, No. 110, Section, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Jane Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Section 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan. and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N Road, Taichung 40201, South District, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Jong Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Section 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan. and Department of Health Diet and Industry Management, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Section 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
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14
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Chen X, Li D, Chen L, Hao B, Gao Y, Li L, Zhou C, He X, Cao Y. Long noncoding RNA LINC00346 promotes glioma cell migration, invasion and proliferation by up-regulating ROCK1. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:13010-13019. [PMID: 32996285 PMCID: PMC7701529 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs have key roles in glioma progression. However, the function and mechanisms of action of the long noncoding RNA, LINC00346, in glioma remain unclear. In our study, we observed that LINC00346 levels were increased in glioma tissue samples, and according to Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, its levels were related to disease‐free survival and overall survival rates, suggesting that a high level of LINC00346 expression corresponds to a poor prognosis. We next confirmed the high levels of LINC00346 expression in glioma tissues and cell lines and showed that LINC00346 knockdown suppressed glioma cell proliferation, migration and invasion; promoted apoptosis; and delayed tumour growth. Moreover, the oncogenic function of LINC00346 may be explained, in part, by the down‐regulation of miR‐340‐5p and the de‐repression of ROCK1. We showed that LINC00346 may function as a competing endogenous RNA of miR‐340‐5p, thereby de‐repressing ROCK1. This study revealed a new regulatory network in glioma and identified potential therapeutic targets for this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deheng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangdong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changshuai Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiayun He
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqun Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Wang D, Yang T, Liu J, Liu Y, Xing N, He J, Yang J, Ai Y. Propofol Inhibits the Migration and Invasion of Glioma Cells by Blocking the PI3K/AKT Pathway Through miR-206/ROCK1 Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:361-370. [PMID: 32021281 PMCID: PMC6969687 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s232601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Propofol has been identified to perform anti-tumor functions in glioma. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying propofol-induced prevention on migration and invasion of glioma cells remain unclear. Methods Cell proliferation, invasion and migration were measured by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(−z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide assay and transwell assay, respectively. The expression of microRNA (miR)-206 and Rho-associated coiled coil-containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Western blot was used to measure the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. The interaction between miR-206 and ROCK1 was analyzed using the dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay, and pull-down assay. Results Propofol treatment inhibited the migration, invasion, and PI3K/AKT pathway activation in glioma cells. MiR-206 was decreased in glioma tissues and cells, while propofol exposure induced the upregulation of miR-206 in glioma cells. Besides that, we also found overexpressed miR-206 enhanced propofol-mediated inhibition on the migration, invasion, and PI3K/AKT pathway activation of glioma cells. Subsequently, ROCK1 was confirmed to be a target of miR-206. ROCK1 was elevated in glioma tissues and cells, but was reduced by propofol exposure in glioma cells. The rescue assay indicated that the miR-206/ROCK1 axis was involved in propofol-induced inhibition on the migration, invasion, and PI3K/AKT pathway activation in glioma cells. Conclusion Propofol inhibited the migration and invasion of glioma cells by blocking the PI3K/AKT pathway through the miR-206/ROCK1 axis, suggesting an effective clinical implication for the anesthetic to prevent the metastasis of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Xing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiu Ai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
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16
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Shahbazi R, Baradaran B, Khordadmehr M, Safaei S, Baghbanzadeh A, Jigari F, Ezzati H. Targeting ROCK signaling in health, malignant and non-malignant diseases. Immunol Lett 2020; 219:15-26. [PMID: 31904392 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) is identified as a critical downstream effector of GTPase RhoA which contains two isoforms, ROCK1 (also known as p160ROCK and ROKβ) and ROCK2 (also known as Rho-kinase and ROKα), the gene of which is placed on chromosomes 18 (18q11.1) and 2 (2p24), respectively. ROCKs have a principal function in the generation of actin-myosin contractility and regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics. They represent a chief role in regulating various cellular functions, such as apoptosis, growth, migration, and metabolism through modulation of cytoskeletal actin synthesis, and cellular contraction through phosphorylation of numerous downstream targets. Emerging evidence has indicated that ROCKs present a significant function in cardiac physiology. Of note, dysregulation of ROCKs involves in several cardiac pathological processes like cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, systemic blood pressure disorder, and pulmonary hypertension. Moreover, ROCKs, in addition to their role in regulating renal arteriolar contraction, glomerular blood flow, and filtration, can also play a role in controlling podocytes, tubular cells, and mesangial cell structure and function. Hyperactivity disorder and over-gene expression of Rho/ROCK have been indicated in different cancers. Furthermore, it seems that increasing the expression of mRNA or ROCK protein has an undesirable effect on patient survival and has a positive impact on the progression and worsening of disease prognosis. This review focuses on the physiological and pathological functions of ROCKs with a particular view on its possible value of ROCK inhibitors as a new therapy in cancers and non-cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Shahbazi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 51665-1647, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 51666-14761, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 51666-14761, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Monireh Khordadmehr
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 51665-1647, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sahar Safaei
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 51666-14761, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 51666-14761, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Farinaz Jigari
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 51665-1647, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Hamed Ezzati
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 51665-1647, Tabriz, Iran.
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17
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Wang H, Liu G, Li T, Wang N, Wu J, Zhi H. MiR-330-3p functions as a tumor suppressor that regulates glioma cell proliferation and migration by targeting CELF1. Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:1166-1175. [PMID: 32864006 PMCID: PMC7444697 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2020.95027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioma is a common type of neoplasm that occurs in the central nervous system. miRNAs have been demonstrated to act as critical regulators of carcinogenesis and tumor progression in multiple cancers, but the molecular mechanism of miR-330-3p in glioma remained unclear. The purpose of the study was to explore the role of miR-330-3p in glioma cell reproduction and migration. MATERIAL AND METHODS The expression levels of miR-330-3p and CELF1 in 27 glioma tissue specimens and human glioma cell lines were examined by qRT-PCR and western blot. The TargetScan database was used to predict the relationship between miR-330-3p and CELF1. Then the target relationship was verified using dual-luciferase reporter assay. The effects of miR-330-3p/CELF1 on glioma cell proliferation were evaluated by MTT and colony formation assay. Wound healing assay was employed to measure the migration ability of glioma cells. RESULTS MiR-330-3p was found lowly expressed in glioma tissues and cells compared with adjacent tissues and normal astrocytes, while CELF1 expression was relatively high in the glioma tissues and cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-330-3p could directly target CELF1. Furthermore, miR-330-3p could down-regulate the expression of CELF1, therefore suppressing glioma cell reproduction and migration. CONCLUSIONS MiR-330-3p inhibited the propagation and migration of glioma cells by repressing CELF1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Guijing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Naizhu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Jingkun Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Hua Zhi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
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18
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Aravindan N, Subramanian K, Somasundaram DB, Herman TS, Aravindan S. MicroRNAs in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis, therapy resistance, and disease evolution. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2019; 2:1086-1105. [PMID: 31867575 PMCID: PMC6924638 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2019.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) deriving from neural crest cells is the most common extra-cranial solid cancer at infancy. NB originates within the peripheral sympathetic ganglia in adrenal medulla and along the midline of the body. Clinically, NB exhibits significant heterogeneity stretching from spontaneous regression to rapid progression to therapy resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are small (19-22 nt in length) non-coding RNAs that regulate human gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and are known to regulate cellular signaling, growth, differentiation, death, stemness, and maintenance. Consequently, the function of miRs in tumorigenesis, progression and resistance is of utmost importance for the understanding of dysfunctional cellular pathways that lead to disease evolution, therapy resistance, and poor clinical outcomes. Over the last two decades, much attention has been devoted to understanding the functional roles of miRs in NB biology. This review focuses on highlighting the important implications of miRs within the context of NB disease progression, particularly miRs’ influences on NB disease evolution and therapy resistance. In this review, we discuss the functions of both the “oncomiRs” and “tumor suppressor miRs” in NB progression/therapy resistance. These are the critical components to be considered during the development of novel miR-based therapeutic strategies to counter therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Aravindan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Karthikeyan Subramanian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Dinesh Babu Somasundaram
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Terence S Herman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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19
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Su Q, Zhang P, Yu D, Wu Z, Li D, Shen F, Liao P, Yin G. Upregulation of miR-93 and inhibition of LIMK1 improve ventricular remodeling and alleviate cardiac dysfunction in rats with chronic heart failure by inhibiting RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway activation. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7570-7586. [PMID: 31541994 PMCID: PMC6782012 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective: There are some researches about the role of microRNA (miRNA) in chronic heart failure (CHF) were performed, but the study about miR-93’s function in CHF is scarcely investigated. Thus, we determined to probe into the effects of miR-93 in rats with CHF by targeting LIMK1 through regulating RhoA/ROCK pathway. Results: We found increased LIMK1 and decreased miR-93 in CHF rats, and up-regulation of miR-93 inhibited LIMK1, RhoA and ROCK1 expression in CHF rats. Up-regulation of miR-93 or inhibition of LIMK1 decreased oxidative stress, inflammatory factors, as well as apoptosis-related indicators in CHF rats. LIMK1 was confirmed as a direct target gene of miR-93. Conclusion: Our study provides evidence that upregulated miR-93 and downregulated LIMK1 improve ventricular remodeling and reduce cardiac dysfunction in CHF rats by inhibiting RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway activation. Methods: First, rat models of CHF were established by aortic coarctation, and the rats were injected with miR-93 mimics, LIMK1-siRNA or overexpressed-LIMK1. Then expression of miR-93, LIMK1, RhoA, and ROCK1 expression in myocardial tissues were detected, after which indices of cardiac ultrasound, hemodynamics, and oxidative stress, inflammatory factors, apoptosis-related indicators were detected via a series of assays. Finally, the targeting relationship of miR-93 and LIMK1 was verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Su
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
| | - Dong Yu
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
| | - Zhaodi Wu
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
| | - Dandan Li
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
| | - Fangfang Shen
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
| | - Pengfei Liao
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
| | - Guizhi Yin
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
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20
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Ye D, Shen Z, Zhou S. Function of microRNA-145 and mechanisms underlying its role in malignant tumor diagnosis and treatment. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:969-979. [PMID: 30774425 PMCID: PMC6349084 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s191696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are single-stranded small RNAs that do not encode proteins. They can combine complementarily with the 3′-UTRs of target gene mRNA molecules to promote targeted mRNA degradation or inhibit mRNA translation, thereby regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNAs participate in regulation of cell cycling, growth, apoptosis, differentiation, and stress responses. MiRNA-145 (miR-145) is a tumor suppressor that targets various tumor-specific genes and proteins, thereby influencing related signaling pathways. MiR-145 not only regulates tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis, but is also important for tumor angiogenesis and tumor stem cell proliferation. Here, we review the roles and mechanisms of miR-145 in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. Published data confirm that miR-145 expression in various tumors is significantly lower than that in normal tissues and that overexpression of miR-145 inhibits the growth of different tumor cells, significantly reduces the ability of tumors to spread, and improves sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. We conclude that miR-145 is a potential marker for use in the early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of patients with cancer, has a role as a tumor suppressor, and is a promising cancer treatment target candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology -Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology -Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuihong Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
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21
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MiR-592 suppresses the development of glioma by regulating Rho-associated protein kinase. Neuroreport 2018; 29:1391-1399. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Regulatory mechanisms of miR-145 expression and the importance of its function in cancer metastasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:195-207. [PMID: 30396077 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are post-transcriptional mediators of gene expression and regulation, which play influential roles in tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. The expression of tumor suppressor miR-145 is reduced in various cancer cell lines, containing both solid tumors and blood malignancies. However, the responsible mechanisms of its down-regulation are a complicated network. miR-145 is potentially able to inhbit tumor cell metastasis by targeting of multiple oncogenes, including MUC1, FSCN1, Vimentin, Cadherin, Fibronectin, Metadherin, GOLM1, ARF6, SMAD3, MMP11, Snail1, ZEB1/2, HIF-1α and Rock-1. This distinctive role of miR-145 in the regulation of metastasis-related gene expression may introduce miR-145 as an ideal candidate for controlling of cancer metastasis by miRNA replacement therapy. The present review aims to discuss the current understanding of the different aspects of molecular mechanisms of miR-145 regulation as well as its role in r metastasis regulation.
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23
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Dong J, Wang M, Ni D, Zhang L, Wang W, Cui X, Fu S, Yao S. MicroRNA-217 functions as a tumor suppressor in cervical cancer cells through targeting Rho-associated protein kinase 1. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:5535-5542. [PMID: 30344707 PMCID: PMC6176250 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) has been widely reported in various tumor types. miR-217 was demonstrated to be aberrantly expressed in a number of tumors, including pancreatic adenocarcinoma and osteosarcoma; however, its specific expression pattern has never been investigated in cervical cancer cells. Compared with normal control, the level of Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) expression was markedly increased in cervical cancer tissues and cells compared with that in non-cancerous tissues and cells. The expression of miR-217 was significantly reduced in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-217 could suppress colony formation and the cell invasion capacity of SiHa and HeLa cells. Flow cytometry indicated that miR-217 significantly increased cell apoptosis in SiHa and HeLa cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that ROCK1 was a target gene of miR-217. In addition, overexpression of ROCK1 also led to an increased invasion capacity in SiHa cells, even when miR-217 was inhibited, indicating that the anti-invasive effects of miR-217 were mediated through ROCK1. In summary, the results of the present study indicated that miR-217 functions as a tumor suppressor in cervical cancer cells, primarily by targeting ROCK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jining Medical University Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, Shandong 277500, P.R. China
| | - Maoxiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jining Medical University Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, Shandong 277500, P.R. China
| | - Donghua Ni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jining Medical University Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, Shandong 277500, P.R. China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jining Medical University Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, Shandong 277500, P.R. China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jining Medical University Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, Shandong 277500, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xiujuan Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jining Medical University Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, Shandong 277500, P.R. China
| | - Shijie Fu
- Deparment of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Shujuan Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jining Medical University Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, Shandong 277500, P.R. China
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24
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MicroRNA-145 alleviates high glucose-induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells through targeting ROCK1. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:81-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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25
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Zhang Y, Wu Z, Li L, Xie M. miR-30a inhibits glioma progression and stem cell‑like properties by repression of Wnt5a. Oncol Rep 2017. [PMID: 28627699 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-30a has been found to be dysregulated in diverse cancers and involved in the regulation of tumor progression. However, there is scarce research on the role of miR-30a in glioma. In the present study, we assessed the expression level of miR-30a in glioma tissues and cell lines. The microRNA microarray analysis revealed low expression of miR-30a in glioma tissues and cells vs. the control. Furthermore, we found that stable miR-30a inhibited cell proliferation, G1 phase arrest and stem cell-like formation in glioma. Moreover, to investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-30a on glioma cell phenotypes, we identified Wnt5a as a new direct target gene for miR-30a by bioinformatic assay, luciferase assay and western blot analysis. Further functional studies suggested that miR-30a suppressed metastasis, sphere formation and glioma growth by targeting Wnt5a signal pathway. Collectively, our findings suggested for the first time that miR-30a may function as a tumor suppressor in glioma by targeting Wnt5a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Lichao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Min Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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Synthetic miR-145 Mimic Enhances the Cytotoxic Effect of the Antiangiogenic Drug Sunitinib in Glioblastoma. Cell Biochem Biophys 2017; 72:551-7. [PMID: 25564360 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-0501-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although aggressive therapeutic regimen has been applied in the treatment of Glioblastoma (GBM), the prognosis of patients with GBM remains poor. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of Suntinib in GBM both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we showed that the cytotoxicity was enhanced by transfection with miR-145 mimic. In addition, we suggested that the enhanced cytotoxicity of Sunitinib by miR-145 mimic was mediated by inhibition of both P-gp and Bcrp.
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Zhu L, Huang F, Deng G, Nie W, Huang W, Xu H, Zheng S, Yi Z, Wan T. MicroRNA-212 targets FOXA1 and suppresses the proliferation and invasion of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3790-3796. [PMID: 28105112 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are a class of small RNAs, have been shown to negatively regulate the expression of their target genes by directly binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of mRNA. miRNA dysregulation has been associated with the pathogenesis of numerous types of human cancer. However, the role of miRNAs in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) has yet to be fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the role of miR-212 in the growth and metastasis of ICC in vitro, as well as the underlying mechanism. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were used to examine mRNA and protein expression. An MTT assay and transwell assay were conducted to determine cell proliferation and invasion rates. The results of the RT-qPCR demonstrated that miR-212 was downregulated in the majority of investigated ICC tissues, as compared with their matched adjacent non-tumor tissues. In addition, miR-212 expression was shown to be markedly downregulated in three ICC cell lines, as compared with human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells. Furthermore, restoration of miR-212 expression significantly suppressed the proliferation and invasion of ICC QBC939 cells. Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) was predicted to be a putative target of miR-212 by bioinformatics analysis with TargetScan. Therefore, a luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm that miR-212 was able to directly bind to the 3'-UTR of FOXA1 mRNA. In addition, using western blot analysis, the protein expression of FOXA1 was shown to be negatively regulated by miR-212 in ICC QBC939 cells. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that FOXA1 was frequently upregulated in various ICC tissues and cell lines. The results of the present study suggested that miR-212 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of ICC cells by directly targeting FOXA1, and thus may be considered a potential candidate for the treatment of ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Feizhou Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Gang Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Wanpin Nie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Shaopeng Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Zhongjie Yi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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Yin M, Lu Q, Liu X, Wang T, Liu Y, Chen L. Silencing Drp1 inhibits glioma cells proliferation and invasion by RHOA/ ROCK1 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:663-8. [PMID: 27495873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is a newly discovered therapeutic target for tumor initiation, migration, proliferation, and chemosensitivity. In the present study, we aimed to examine the level of expression and distribution of DRP1 in glioma tissues and explore the concrete mechanism of DRP1 played in glioma. METHODS Expression of DRP1 in glioma tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry staining. The DRP1 gene was knocked down using small interfering RNA, and was overexpressed using plasmids in glioma cells. To assess changes in cell function, in vitro assays for invasion and growth were applied. Protein expression was tested by using Western-blot method. Variation of F-actin in cells was analyzed using immunofluorescence staining. Interactions between proteins were determined by co-immunoprecipitation. RESULTS The protein expression levels of DRP1 were significantly increased in glioma tissues compared to the normal brain tissues. Down-regulation of DRP1 decreased cell proliferation and invasion, and inhibited the formation of pseudopodias and microvillis. Moreover, a possible link between DRP1 and RHOA was confirmed when interactions between these two proteins were observed in the cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that silencing DRP1 regulated the cytoskeleton remodeling through inhibiting RHOA/ROCK1 pathway, and thus decreased the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maojia Yin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chong Qing Medical University, Number 76, LinJiang Road, YuZhong District, 400010, Chong Qing, China
| | - Qin Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 54 Youdian Road, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chong Qing Medical University, Number 76, LinJiang Road, YuZhong District, 400010, Chong Qing, China
| | - Teng Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chong Qing Medical University, Number 76, LinJiang Road, YuZhong District, 400010, Chong Qing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chong Qing Medical University, Number 76, LinJiang Road, YuZhong District, 400010, Chong Qing, China
| | - Lifen Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chong Qing Medical University, Number 76, LinJiang Road, YuZhong District, 400010, Chong Qing, China.
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29
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Wei L, Surma M, Shi S, Lambert-Cheatham N, Shi J. Novel Insights into the Roles of Rho Kinase in Cancer. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2016; 64:259-78. [PMID: 26725045 PMCID: PMC4930737 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-015-0382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) is a major downstream effector of the small GTPase RhoA. The ROCK family, consisting of ROCK1 and ROCK2, plays a central role in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton, and is involved in a wide range of fundamental cellular functions such as contraction, adhesion, migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. Since the discovery of effective inhibitors such as fasudil and Y27632, the biological roles of ROCK have been extensively explored in numerous diseases, including cancer. Accumulating evidence supports the concept that ROCK plays important roles in tumor development and progression through regulating many key cellular functions associated with malignancy, including tumorigenicity, tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, tumor cell apoptosis/survival and chemoresistance as well. This review focuses on the new advances of the most recent 5 years from the studies on the roles of ROCK in cancer development and progression; the discussion is mainly focused on the potential value of ROCK inhibitors in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wei
- Riley Heart Research Center, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, R4 Building, Room 332, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5225, USA. .,Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University, School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut Street, R4-370, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5225, USA.
| | - Michelle Surma
- Riley Heart Research Center, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, R4 Building, Room 332, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5225, USA
| | - Stephanie Shi
- Riley Heart Research Center, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, R4 Building, Room 332, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5225, USA
| | - Nathan Lambert-Cheatham
- Riley Heart Research Center, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, R4 Building, Room 332, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5225, USA
| | - Jianjian Shi
- Riley Heart Research Center, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, R4 Building, Room 332, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5225, USA.
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30
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Molecular mechanisms of microRNAs in regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in human cancers. Cancer Lett 2015; 371:301-13. [PMID: 26683775 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) provides a strong driving force in the progression of various human cancers and the development of chemoresistance. Recently, numbers of studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs), by post-transcriptionally silencing EMT-related molecules, can promote or inhibit the EMT process and play pivotal roles in effectively manipulating the occurrence, development, invasion, and metastasis of cancers. MiRNAs can also control the EMT or be controlled by genetic modification and mutual regulation, especially negative feedback. Therefore, miRNAs can be viewed as either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes to facilitate or retard the EMT, resulting in far-reaching impact on tumor metastasis and effective diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
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31
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Das AV, Pillai RM. Implications of miR cluster 143/145 as universal anti-oncomiRs and their dysregulation during tumorigenesis. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:92. [PMID: 26425114 PMCID: PMC4588501 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0247-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a multistep process, de-regulated due to the imbalance of oncogenes as well as anti-oncogenes, resulting in disruption of tissue homeostasis. In many cases the effect of oncogenes and anti-oncogenes are mediated by various other molecules such as microRNAs. microRNAs are small non-coding RNAs established to post-transcriptionally regulate more than half of the protein coding genes. miR cluster 143/145 is one such cancer-related microRNA cluster which is down-regulated in most of the cancers and is able to hinder tumorigenesis by targeting tumor-associated genes. The fact that they could sensitize drug-resistant cancer cells by targeting multidrug resistant genes makes them potent tools to target cancer cells. Their low levels precede events which lead to cancer progression and therefore could be considered also as biomarkers to stage the disease. Interestingly, evidence suggests the existence of several in vivo mechanisms by which this cluster is differentially regulated at the molecular level to keep their levels low in cancer. In this review, we summarize the roles of miR cluster 143/145 in cancer, their potential prognostic applications and also their regulation during tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ani V Das
- Cancer Research Program-9, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud.P.O., Thiruvananthapuram-14, Kerala India
| | - Radhakrishna M Pillai
- Cancer Research Program-9, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud.P.O., Thiruvananthapuram-14, Kerala India
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Hu CB, Li QL, Hu JF, Zhang Q, Xie JP, Deng L. miR-124 inhibits growth and invasion of gastric cancer by targeting ROCK1. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:6543-6. [PMID: 25169484 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.16.6543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as critical regulators of genes involved in many biological processes. Aberrant alteration of miRNAs have been found in many cancers, including gastric cancer (GC), but the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Herein, we investigated the role of miR-124 in GC. We found that its expression was significantly reduced in both GC tissue samples and cell lines. Forced expression of miR-124 suppressed GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, the Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK1) was identified as a direct target of miR-124 in GC cells. Finally, silencing of ROCK1 showed similar effects as miR-124 overexpression, while supplementation of ROCK1 remarkably restored the cell growth and invasion inhibited by miR-124. Together, our data demonstrate that miR-124 acts as a tumor suppressor by targeting ROCK1, and posit miR-124 as a novel strategy for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Bing Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China E-mail :
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Xi ZW, Xin SY, Zhou LQ, Yuan HX, Wang Q, Chen KX. Downregulation of rho-associated protein kinase 1 by miR-124 in colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:5454-5464. [PMID: 25987767 PMCID: PMC4427666 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i18.5454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the roles and interactions of rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK)1 and miR-124 in human colorectal cancer (CRC).
METHODS: Expression of ROCK1 protein was examined by Western blotting, and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR was performed to measure expression of ROCK1 mRNA and miR-124. Two cancer cell lines were transfected with pre-miR-124 (mimic) and anti-miR-124 (inhibitor) and the effects on ROCK1 protein and mRNA expression were observed. In addition, cell proliferation was assessed via a 5-ethynyl-2′ deoxyuridine assay. Soft agar formation assay, and cell migration and invasion assays were used to determine the effect of survivin on the transformation and invasion activity of CRC cells.
RESULTS: miR-124 was significantly downregulated in CRC compared to normal specimens (0.603 ± 0.092 vs 1.147 ± 0.286, P = 0.016) and in metastatic compared to nonmetastatic CRC specimens (0.416 ± 0.047 vs 0.696 ± 0.089, P = 0.020). Expression of miR-124 was significantly associated with CRC metastasis, tumor T and N stages, and tumor grade (all P < 0.05). ROCK1 protein was significantly increased in CRC compared to normal tissues (1.896 ± 0.258 vs 0.866 ± 0.136, P = 0.026), whereas ROCK1 mRNA expression was unaltered (2.613 ± 0.251 vs 2.325 ± 0.246). miR-124 and ROCK1 were inversely expressed in CRC tissues and cell lines. ROCK1 mRNA was unaltered in cells transfected with miR-124 mimic and miR-124 inhibitor, compared to normal controls. There was a significant reduction in ROCK1 protein in cells transfected with miR-124 mimic and a significant increase in cells transfected with miR-124 inhibitor (Ps < 0.05). Transformation and invasion of cells transfected with miR-124 inhibitor were significantly increased compared to those in normal controls (P < 0.05). Cells transfected with miR-124 inhibitor showed increased cell proliferation.
CONCLUSION: miR-124 promotes hyperplasia and contributes to invasion of CRC cells, but downregulates ROCK1. ROCK1 and miR-124 may play important roles in CRC.
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Chou CT, Li YJ, Chang CC, Yang CN, Li PS, Jeng YM, Chen ST, Kuo ML, Lin IC, Lin BR. Prognostic Significance of CDCP1 Expression in Colorectal Cancer and Effect of Its Inhibition on Invasion and Migration. Ann Surg Oncol 2015; 22:4335-43. [PMID: 25820997 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-015-4505-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the correlations and functions of complement C1r/C1s, Uegf, Bmp1 domain-containing protein-1 (CDCP1) in identifying colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who are at high risk for metastasis. METHODS Tumor specimens from 101 patients were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect CDCP1 expression. CDCP1 expression plasmids and shRNA were used to knock down CDCP1 expression in this study to investigate migratory and invasive abilities by Boyden chambers. The mRNA expression profiles in shCDCP1 transfectants were compared to those in control cells by conducting microarray analysis. Its downstream effectors were also invested in this study. RESULTS CRC patients with a high CDCP1 expression had a statistically significant lower overall survival and disease-free survival compared to those exhibiting low CDCP1 expression. In vitro, knock-down CDCP1 expression significantly decreased migratory and invasive abilities in HCT116. Aberrant expression of CDCP1 increased cancer cell migration and invasion. By using integrated genomics, we identified ROCK1 (rho-associated, coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 1 pseudogene 1) as a downstream effector in CDCP1-mediated migration and as an invasion mediator. Clinically, ROCK1 and CDCP1 mRNA expression exhibited a strong positive correlation in CRC patient samples. CONCLUSIONS Our results implicated CDCP1 as a key regulator of CRC migration and invasion, and suggest that it is a useful prognostic factor for patients with CRC. Improved identification of a high-risk subset of early metastatic patients may guide indications of individualized treatment in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiang-Ting Chou
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Ju Li
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chi Chang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Angiogenesis Research Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ning Yang
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology National Taiwan University Hospital College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shan Li
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ming Jeng
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Ta Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Liang Kuo
- College of Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Ching Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Been-Ren Lin
- Angiogenesis Research Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Liu C, Liang S, Xiao S, Lin Q, Chen X, Wu Y, Fu J. MicroRNA-27b inhibits Spry2 expression and promotes cell invasion in glioma U251 cells. Oncol Lett 2015; 9:1393-1397. [PMID: 25663918 PMCID: PMC4314966 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.2865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-27b has been reported to participate in glioma. However, a detailed role of miR-27b and the underlying mechanism remain largely unknown. The present study found that the expression of miR-27b was significantly increased in glioma tissues compared with normal adjacent tissues. In addition, miR-27b was also upregulated in the U87, U251 and SHG44 glioma cell lines compared with normal human astrocytes. Sprouty homolog 2 (Spry2), which has been reported to be associated with invasive glioma, was identified as a novel target of miR-27b in U251 glioma cells, and the protein expression of Spry2 was negatively regulated by miR-27b in U251 cells. Additionally, inhibition of miR-27b and upregulation of Spry2 suppressed glioma cell invasion, while downregulation of Spry2 reversed the suppressive effect of miR-27b inhibition on glioma cell invasion. These data suggest that miR-27b may promote glioma cell invasion through direct inhibition of Spry2 expression. The data also suggest that miR-27b may become a promising molecular target for inhibiting the invasion and metastasis of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanhai Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China
| | - Shixing Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanhai Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China
| | - Shenghui Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanhai Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China
| | - Qiming Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanhai Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanhai Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanhai Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China
| | - Jian Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanhai Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China
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36
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Jayanthy A, Setaluri V. Light-regulated microRNAs. Photochem Photobiol 2014; 91:163-72. [PMID: 25389067 DOI: 10.1111/php.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In addition to exposure to passive diurnal cycles of sunlight, humans are also subjected to intentional acute exposure to other types of electromagnetic radiation (EM). Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the physiological, pathological and therapeutic responses to exposure to radiation is an active area of research. With the advent of methods to readily catalog and identify patterns of changes in gene expression, many studies have reported changes in gene expression upon exposure of various human and mouse cells in vitro, whole experimental organisms such as mice and parts of human body. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these broad ranging changes in gene expression are not yet fully understood. MicroRNAs, which are short, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting many messenger RNAs, are also emerging as important mediators of radiation-induced changes in gene expression and hence critical for the manifestation of light-induced cellular phenotypes and physiological responses. In this article, we review available knowledge on microRNAs implicated in responses to various forms of solar and other EM radiation. Based on this knowledge, we elaborate some unifying themes in the regulation and functions of some of these miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashika Jayanthy
- Department of Dermatology and Graduate Program in Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health & School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
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MiR-186 targets ROCK1 to suppress the growth and metastasis of NSCLC cells. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8933-7. [PMID: 24894676 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2168-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in human cancers. Increasing evidence shows that deregulation of miRNAs contributes to the development and progression of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we identified miR-186 as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC, which was decreased in NSCLC. Overexpression of miR-186 significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells. In addition, Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) was identified as a target of miR-186 in NSCLC cells. Restoration of ROCK1 remarkably reversed the tumor-suppressive effects of miR-186 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in NSCLC cells. Furthermore, ROCK1 was inversely correlated with miR-186 expression in NSCLC. Collectively, our data indicate that miR-186 functions as tumor suppressor in NSCLC by targeting ROCK1.
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38
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MiR-145 inhibits osteosarcoma cells proliferation and invasion by targeting ROCK1. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:7645-50. [PMID: 24801908 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to the development and progression of various types of human cancers. The aim of this study was to study the role of miR-145 and to identify its functional target gene in osteosarcoma (OS) cells. We found that miR-145 was reduced in OS tissues and cell lines. Enforced expression of miR-145 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of MG-63 cells. Furthermore, we revealed that Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) was a target of miR-145 in OS. Finally, we found that silencing of ROCK1 performed similar effects with miR-145 in MG-63 cells, and ROCK1 was inversely correlated with miR-145 in OS tissues. Collectively, these data indicate that miR-145 may act as a tumor suppressor and contributes to the progression of OS through targeting ROCK1.
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