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Zhang Y, Ma L, Dong S, Ding Q, Wang S, Wu Q, Ni P, Zhang H, Chen Y, Wu J, Wang X. TLR4 inhibition suppresses growth in oestrogen-induced prolactinoma models. Endocr Relat Cancer 2022; 29:703-716. [PMID: 36219868 DOI: 10.1530/erc-22-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Prolactinomas have harmful effects on human health. Bromocriptine is the only commercially available drug in China, but about 25% of prolactinoma patients do not respond to it in clinic, its pathogenesis remains unknown. Thus, its pathogenesis needs to be determined to develop new therapeutic methods for prolactinomas. The expression of ERβ, TLR4, and prolactin (PRL) in the pituitary gland of C57BL/6 mice and human prolactinoma specimen was examined by immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry. The role of TLR4 in prolactinoma was determined using estradiol-induced models of C57BL/6 wild-type and TLR4-/- mice. MMQ cells were treated with estradiol, fulvestrant, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or transfected with TLR4 siRNA to study the expression of ERβ, TLR4, and PRL in these cells. Furthermore, the interaction between ERβ and TLR4 was investigated by immunoprecipitation analysis. The expression of PRL and TLR4 was co-located and increased in the pituitary gland of mice and human prolactinoma specimen compared to that in the control specimen. Meanwhile, TLR4 knockout or treatment with the TLR4 inhibitor TAK242 not only significantly inhibited tumor overgrowth but also decreased the expression of PRL in estradiol-treated mice through p38 MAPK pathway regulation. However, MMQ treated with estradiol and LPS enhanced PRL expression than treated with estradiol or LPS alone. Finally, ERβ or TLR4 inhibition prevented the estradiol-induced PRL increase by regulating the TLR4/p38 MAPK pathway in vitro. Estradiol promoted prolactinoma development by activating the TLR4/p38 MAPK pathway through ERβ, and TLR4 is a potential therapeutic target for prolactinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Pulmonary Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Shuguang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Qiaoyan Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Pulmonary Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuman Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Ni
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Yonggang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Jinhu Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Xiong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
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Deng R, Cheng Y, Ye S, Zhang J, Huang R, Li P, Liu H, Deng Q, Wu X, Lan P, Deng Y. m 6A methyltransferase METTL3 suppresses colorectal cancer proliferation and migration through p38/ERK pathways. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:4391-4402. [PMID: 31239708 PMCID: PMC6556107 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s201052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Although many biological processes are involved in the modification of N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the exact role of m6A in the development of malignant tumors remains unclear. Methyltransferase 3 (METTL3) is a major RNA N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase. We aimed to explore the role of METTL3 in colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis and disease progression. Methods: In this study, immunohistochemistry was performed with a tissue microarray. qRT-PCR and Western blots were used to evaluate the expression of METTL3 in CRC cells. The effect of METTL3 on cell proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells was examined by IncuCyte Live Cell Analysis System and transwell assay, respectively. Results: The results suggested that positive expression of METTL3 was significantly associated with longer survival time (P=0.011). We next demonstrated that overexpression of METTL3 could inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion in CRC cells, while downregulation of METTL3 shows the opposite result. Furthermore, downregulation of METTL3 resulted in activation of p-p38 and p-ERK. Moreover, the inhibitors of p38 or ERK kinase could significantly reverse the effect of migration and invasion, which was induced by knockdown of METTL3. Conclusion: We concluded that METTL3 played a tumor-suppressive role in CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion through p38/ERK pathways, which indicated that METTL3 might be a novel marker for CRC carcinogenesis, progression and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yikan Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shubiao Ye
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Runqing Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peisi Li
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huashan Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiling Deng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianrui Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Liu Z, Yang W, Yang S, Cai K. The close association between IL‑12Rβ2 and p38MAPK, and higher expression in the early stages of NSCLC, indicates a good prognosis for survival. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2307-2313. [PMID: 29956791 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin‑12 receptor (IL‑12R) and p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) serve an important role in non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It has previously been suggested that IL‑12Rβ2 may be involved in key regulatory pathways and interacts with the p38MAPK signaling pathway. The present study aimed to elucidate the possible association and roles of IL‑12Rβ2 and p38MAPK in NSCLC. The protein expression levels of IL‑12Rβ2 and p38MAPK were measured in 230 NSCLC tissue samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot analyses. In addition, an immunofluorescence assay was used to observe the expression levels of these proteins in A549 and H358 cells. The associations between IL‑12Rβ2, p38MAPK and clinical characteristics, were evaluated by Pearson χ2 and Spearman correlation tests. Kaplan‑Meier plots (log‑rank test) and Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze overall survival (OS). Compared with in benign pulmonary tissues, the expression levels of IL‑12Rβ2 and p38MAPK were not demonstrated to be significantly different in I+II pathological tumor‑node‑metastasis (pTNM) stage NSCLC tissues; however, reduced expression was detected in III+IV pTNM stage NSCLC tissues. Analysis of the association between advanced stage pTNM and the expression of both proteins demonstrated a significantly decreased Allred score (both P<0.0001), which was confirmed by IHC and western blot analyses. The IHC results demonstrated a significant correlation between IL‑12Rβ2 and p38MAPK expression (r=0.415, P=0.0143). By analyzing IL‑12Rβ2, p38MAPK expression and clinical characteristics, it was identified that IL‑12Rβ2 was significantly associated with gender (P=0.0168), age (P=0.0341), histological type (P<0.0001) and pTNM stage (P<0.0001). p38MAPK demonstrated a strong association with gender (P=0.0082) and pTNM stage (P<0.0001). The results of a Kaplan‑Meier analysis indicated that positive IL‑12Rβ2 and p38MAPK expression was associated with increased OS compared with negative protein expression. The Cox proportional hazard models revealed that IL‑12Rβ2 and p38MAPK predicted a long OS. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to reveal a close association between IL‑12Rβ2 and p38MAPK, and their possible function in NSCLC progression. It further demonstrated that expression of both proteins was lower with advanced pTNM staging, whereas a high expression of both proteins was associated with improved prognosis in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoguo Liu
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510089, P.R. China
| | - Weilin Yang
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510089, P.R. China
| | - Shibin Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510089, P.R. China
| | - Kaican Cai
- Department of Cardio‑Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510089, P.R. China
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Yu X, Zhong J, Yan L, Li J, Wang H, Wen Y, Zhao Y. Curcumin exerts antitumor effects in retinoblastoma cells by regulating the JNK and p38 MAPK pathways. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:861-8. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Cai BL, Li Y, Shen LL, Zhao JL, Liu Y, Wu JZ, Liu YP, Yu B. Nuclear Multidrug Resistance-Related Protein 1 Is Highly Associated with Better Prognosis of Human Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma through the Suppression of Cell Proliferation, Migration and Invasion. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148223. [PMID: 26829120 PMCID: PMC4734599 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Multidrug resistance-related protein 1 (MRP1) overexpression is a well acknowledged predictor of poor response to chemotherapy, but MRP1 also correlated to better prognosis in some reports, especially for patients not pretreated with chemotherapy. In our previous study, we found nuclear translocation of MRP1 in mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) for the first time. The purpose of this study was to further investigate the function of nuclear MRP1 in MEC. Materials and Methods Human MEC tissue samples of 125 patients were selected and stained using immunohistochemistry. The expression level of total MRP1/nuclear MRP1 of each sample was evaluated by expression index (EI) which was scored using both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The correlations between the clinicopathologic parameters and the EI of nuclear MRP1 were analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation analysis, respectively. The effects of RNAi-mediated downregulation of nuclear MRP1 on MEC cells were assessed using flow cytometric analysis, MTT assay, plate colony formation assay, transwell invasion assay and monolayer wound healing assay. Results In this study, we found the EI of nuclear MRP1 was negatively correlated to the pathologic grading (r = -0.498, P<0.01) / clinical staging (r = -0.41, P<0.01) / tumor stage (r = -0.28, P = 0.02) / nodal stage (r = -0.29, P<0.01) of MEC patients. The RNAi-mediated downregulation of nuclear MRP1 further proved that the downregulation of nuclear MRP1 could increase the cell replication, growth speed, colony formation efficiency, migration and invasion ability of MEC cells. Conclusion Our results suggested that nuclear MRP1 is highly associated with better prognosis of human mucoepidermoid carcinoma and further study of its function mechanism would provide clues in developing new treatment modalities of MEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Lei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Liang Shen
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Long Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Histology and Pathology, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Zheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi’an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Pu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (BY); (YPL)
| | - Bo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (BY); (YPL)
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