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Li Y, Pan Y, Yang X, Wang Y, Liu B, Zhang Y, Gao X, Wang Y, Zhou H, Li F. Unveiling the enigmatic role of MYH9 in tumor biology: a comprehensive review. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:417. [PMID: 39192336 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01781-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIA (MYH9), a member of the non-muscle myosin II (NM II) family, is widely expressed in cells. The interaction of MYH9 with actin in the cytoplasm can hydrolyze ATP, completing the conversion of chemical energy to mechanical motion. MYH9 participates in various cellular processes, such as cell adhesion, migration, movement, and even signal transduction. Mutations in MYH9 are often associated with autosomal dominant platelet disorders and kidney diseases. Over the past decade, tumor-related research has gradually revealed a close relationship between MYH9 and the occurrence and development of tumors. This article provides a review of the research progress on the role of MYH9 in cancer regulation. We also discussed the anti-cancer effects of MYH9 under special circumstances, as well as its regulation of T cell function. In addition, given the importance of MYH9 as a key hub in oncogenic signal transduction, we summarize the current therapeutic strategies targeting MYH9 as well as the ongoing challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkuo Li
- Department of Urology Il, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yujie Pan
- Department of Urology Il, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiangzhe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yuxiong Wang
- Department of Urology Il, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Urology Il, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yanghe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Urology Il, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yishu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Honglan Zhou
- Department of Urology Il, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Faping Li
- Department of Urology Il, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Liu Q, Cheng C, Huang J, Yan W, Wen Y, Liu Z, Zhou B, Guo S, Fang W. MYH9: A key protein involved in tumor progression and virus-related diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116118. [PMID: 38181716 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) gene encodes the heavy chain of non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA), which belongs to the myosin II subfamily of actin-based molecular motors. Previous studies have demonstrated that abnormal expression and mutations of MYH9 were correlated with MYH9-related diseases and tumors. Furthermore, earlier investigations identified MYH9 as a tumor suppressor. However, subsequent research revealed that MYH9 promoted tumorigenesis, progression and chemoradiotherapy resistance. Note-worthily, MYH9 has also been linked to viral infections, like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Epstein-Barr virus, and hepatitis B virus, as a receptor or co-receptor. In addition, MYH9 promotes the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by interacting with the hepatitis B virus-encoding X protein. Finally, various findings highlighted the role of MYH9 in the development of these illnesses, especially in tumors. This review summarizes the involvement of the MYH9-regulated signaling network in tumors and virus-related diseases and presents possible drug interventions on MYH9, providing insights for the use of MYH9 as a therapeutic target for tumors and virus-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Longgang Otolaryngology hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jiyu Huang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Weiwei Yan
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Yinhao Wen
- Department of Oncology, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337000, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China; Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Basic School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.
| | - Beixian Zhou
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou 525200, China.
| | - Suiqun Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China; The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou 525200, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.
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Yang A, Zeng K, Huang H, Liu D, Song X, Qian Y, Yu X, Liu D, Zha X, Zhang H, Chai X, Tu P, Hu Z. Usenamine A induces apoptosis and autophagic cell death of human hepatoma cells via interference with the Myosin-9/actin-dependent cytoskeleton remodeling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154895. [PMID: 37229890 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Myosin-9's role in HCC and the anti-HCC effect of the drugs targeting Myosin-9 remain poorly understood so far. Candidate antitumor agents obtained from natural products have attracted worldwide attention. Usenamine A is a novel product, which was first extracted in our laboratory from the lichen Usnea longissima. According to published reports, usenamine A exhibits good antitumor activity, while the mechanisms underlying its antitumor effects remain to be elucidated. PURPOSE The present study investigated the anti-hepatoma effect of usenamine A and the underlying molecular mechanisms, along with evaluating the therapeutic potential of targeting Myosin-9 in HCC. METHODS The CCK-8, Hoechst staining, and FACS assays were conducted in the present study to investigate how usenamine A affected the growth and apoptosis of human hepatoma cells. Moreover, TEM, acridine orange staining, and immunofluorescence assay were performed to explore the induction of autophagy by usenamine A in human hepatoma cells. The usenamine A-mediated regulation of protein expression in human hepatoma cells was analyzed using immunoblotting. MS analysis, SPR assay, CETSA, and molecular modeling were performed to identify the direct target of usenamine A. Immunofluorescence assay and co-immunoprecipitation assay were conducted to determine whether usenamine A affected the interaction between Myosin-9 and the actin present in human hepatoma cells. In addition, the anti-hepatoma effect of usenamine A was investigated in vivo using a xenograft tumor model and the IHC analysis. RESULTS The present study initially revealed that usenamine A could suppress the proliferation of HepG2 and SK-HEP-1 cells (hepatoma cell lines). Furthermore, usenamine A induced cell apoptosis via the activation of caspase-3. In addition, usenamine A enhanced autophagy. Moreover, usenamine A administration could dramatically suppress the carcinogenic ability of HepG2 cells, as evidenced by the nude mouse xenograft tumor model. Importantly, it was initially revealed that Myosin-9 was a direct target of usenamine A. Usenamine A could block cytoskeleton remodeling through the disruption of the interaction between Myosin-9 and actin. Myosin-9 participated in suppressing proliferation while inducing apoptosis and autophagy in response to treatment with usenamine A. In addition, Myosin-9 was revealed as a potential oncogene in HCC. CONCLUSIONS Usenamine A was initially revealed to suppress human hepatoma cells growth by interfering with the Myosin-9/actin-dependent cytoskeleton remodeling through the direct targeting of Myosin-9. Myosin-9 is, therefore, a promising candidate target for HCC treatment, while usenamine A may be utilized as a possible anti-HCC therapeutic, particularly in the treatment of HCC with aberrant Myosin-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Yang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Kewu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huiming Huang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dongxiao Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaomin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuelong Yu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Proteomics Laboratory, Medical and Healthy Analytical Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaojun Zha
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hongbing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zhongdong Hu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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MYH9 is crucial for stem cell-like properties in non-small cell lung cancer by activating mTOR signaling. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:282. [PMID: 34635641 PMCID: PMC8505404 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00681-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The fatality rate of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been high due to the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Non-muscle myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) can promote the progression of various tumors, but its effect on the stem cell-like characteristics of lung cancer cells (LCCs) has not been clarified. Our research found that the stemness characteristics of LCCs were significantly enhanced by the overexpression of MYH9, and the knockout of MYH9 had the opposite effects. The in vivo with inhibitor blebbistatin further confirmed the effect of MYH9 on the stem cell-like behavior of LCCs. Furthermore, western blotting showed that the expression level of CSCs markers (CD44, SOX2, Nanog, CD133, and OCT4) was also regulated by MYH9. Mechanistic studies have shown that MYH9 regulates stem cell-like features of LCCs by regulating the mTOR signaling pathway, which was supported by sphere formation experiments after LCCs were treated with inhibitors Rapamycin and CHIR-99021. Importantly, high expression of MYH9 in lung cancer is positively correlated with poor clinical prognosis and is an independent risk factor for patients with NSCLC.
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Wang Z, Zhu Z, Li C, Zhang Y, Li Z, Sun S. NMIIA promotes tumorigenesis and prevents chemosensitivity in colorectal cancer by activating AMPK/mTOR pathway. Exp Cell Res 2020; 398:112387. [PMID: 33220257 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA) has been reported to be involved in the carcinogenesis and malignant progression of various human tumors. However, the role and potential mechanism of NMIIA in the biological functions and apoptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain elusive. In this study, we found that NMIIA was overexpressed in CRC tissues and significantly associated with poor survival in CRC patients. In addition, NMIIA promoted CRC cell proliferation and invasion via activating the AMPK/mTOR pathway in vitro, and NMIIA knockdown inhibited CRC growth in vivo. Meanwhile, NMIIA knockdown downregulated the CSCs markers (CD44 and CD133) expression in CRC cells. Furthermore, AMPK/mTOR pathway activation effectively reversed the NMIIA knockdown-induced inhibition of proliferation, invasion and stemness in CRC cells. Finally, NMIIA protects CRC cells from 5-FU-induced apoptosis and proliferation inhibition through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Taken together, these results indicate that NMIIA plays a pivotal role in CRC growth and progression by regulating AMPK/mTOR pathway activation, and it may act as a novel therapeutic target prognostic factor in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhanyong Zhu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chenyuan Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Shengrong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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Parajón E, Surcel A, Robinson DN. The mechanobiome: a goldmine for cancer therapeutics. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 320:C306-C323. [PMID: 33175572 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00409.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer progression is dependent on heightened mechanical adaptation, both for the cells' ability to change shape and to interact with varying mechanical environments. This type of adaptation is dependent on mechanoresponsive proteins that sense and respond to mechanical stress, as well as their regulators. Mechanoresponsive proteins are part of the mechanobiome, which is the larger network that constitutes the cell's mechanical systems that are also highly integrated with many other cellular systems, such as gene expression, metabolism, and signaling. Despite the altered expression patterns of key mechanobiome proteins across many different cancer types, pharmaceutical targeting of these proteins has been overlooked. Here, we review the biochemistry of key mechanoresponsive proteins, specifically nonmuscle myosin II, α-actinins, and filamins, as well as the partnering proteins 14-3-3 and CLP36. We also examined a wide range of data sets to assess how gene and protein expression levels of these proteins are altered across many different cancer types. Finally, we determined the potential of targeting these proteins to mitigate invasion or metastasis and suggest that the mechanobiome is a goldmine of opportunity for anticancer drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleana Parajón
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alexandra Surcel
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Douglas N Robinson
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Abstract
Myosins constitute a superfamily of actin-based molecular motor proteins that mediates a variety of cellular activities including muscle contraction, cell migration, intracellular transport, the formation of membrane projections, cell adhesion, and cell signaling. The 12 myosin classes that are expressed in humans share sequence similarities especially in the N-terminal motor domain; however, their enzymatic activities, regulation, ability to dimerize, binding partners, and cellular functions differ. It is becoming increasingly apparent that defects in myosins are associated with diseases including cardiomyopathies, colitis, glomerulosclerosis, neurological defects, cancer, blindness, and deafness. Here, we review the current state of knowledge regarding myosins and disease.
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The Expressions and Mechanisms of Sarcomeric Proteins in Cancers. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:8885286. [PMID: 32670437 PMCID: PMC7346232 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8885286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The sarcomeric proteins control the movement of cells in diverse species, whereas the deregulation can induce tumours in model organisms and occurs in human carcinomas. Sarcomeric proteins are recognized as oncogene and related to tumor cell metastasis. Recent insights into their expressions and functions have led to new cancer therapeutic opportunities. In this review, we appraise the evidence for the sarcomeric proteins as cancer genes and discuss cancer-relevant biological functions, potential mechanisms by which sarcomeric proteins activity is altered in cancer.
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Zafarullah M, Tang HT, Durbin-Johnson B, Fourie E, Hessl D, Rivera SM, Tassone F. FMR1 locus isoforms: potential biomarker candidates in fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS). Sci Rep 2020; 10:11099. [PMID: 32632326 PMCID: PMC7338407 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67946-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a late adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement and cognition in male and female carriers of a premutation allele of 55-200 CGG repeats in the Fragile X mental retardation (FMR1) gene. It is currently unknown if and when an individual carrier of a premutation allele will develop FXTAS, as clinical assessment fails to identify carriers at risk before significant neurological symptoms are evident. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the alternative splicing landscape at the FMR1 locus in conjunction with brain measures in male individuals with a premutation allele enrolled in a very first longitudinal study, compared to age-matched healthy male controls, with the purpose of identifying biomarkers for early diagnosis, disease prediction and, a progression of FXTAS. Our findings indicate that increased expression of FMR1 mRNA isoforms, including Iso4/4b, Iso10/10b, as well as of the ASFMR1 mRNAs Iso131bp, are present in premutation carriers as compared to non-carrier healthy controls. More specifically, we observed a higher expression of Iso4/4b and Iso10/10b, which encode for truncated proteins, only in those premutation carriers who developed symptoms of FXTAS over time as compared to non-carrier healthy controls, suggesting a potential role in the development of the disorder. In addition, we found a significant association of these molecular changes with various measurements of brain morphology, including the middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP), superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP), pons, and midbrain, indicating their potential contribution to the pathogenesis of FXTAS. Interestingly, the high expression levels of Iso4/4b observed both at visit 1 and visit 2 and found to be associated with a decrease in mean MCP width only in those individuals who developed FXTAS over time, suggests their role as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of FXTAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Zafarullah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, 95817 CA, USA
| | - Hiu-Tung Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, 95817 CA, USA
| | - Blythe Durbin-Johnson
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Emily Fourie
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - David Hessl
- MIND Institute, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, 95817 CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, 95817 CA, USA
| | - Susan M Rivera
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- MIND Institute, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, 95817 CA, USA
| | - Flora Tassone
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, 95817 CA, USA.
- MIND Institute, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, 95817 CA, USA.
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Liu T, Liu Y, Wei C, Yang Z, Chang W, Zhang X. LncRNA HULC promotes the progression of gastric cancer by regulating miR-9-5p/MYH9 axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 121:109607. [PMID: 31726371 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) has been identified as an oncogene involved in many human cancers. Herein, we aimed to further explore the role and molecular mechanism of HULC in gastric cancer (GC) progression. The levels of HULC, miR-9-5p and myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR. The targeted interaction between HULC and miR-9-5p was verified by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays. Cell proliferation assay, cell colony formation, flow cytometry and transwell assay were used to determine cell proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis and migration and invasion, respectively. Xenograft assay was used to observe the effect of HULC on GC growth in vivo. Our results revealed that HULC was upregulated and miR-9-5p was downregulated in GC, and both were associated with clinicopathologic features of GC patients. A positive correlation was found between HULC expression and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of GC tissues. Moreover, HULC repressed miR-9-5p expression by binding to miR-9-5p. The regulatory effects of HULC knockdown on GC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT and apoptosis were reversed by introduction of anti-miR-9-5p. HULC regulated MYH9 expression by acting as a molecular sponge of miR-9-5p in GC cells. HULC knockdown inhibited tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that HULC knockdown repressed GC progression at least partly by regulating miR-9-5p/MYH9 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chongqing Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weilong Chang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiefu Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Surcel A, Schiffhauer ES, Thomas DG, Zhu Q, DiNapoli KT, Herbig M, Otto O, West-Foyle H, Jacobi A, Kräter M, Plak K, Guck J, Jaffee EM, Iglesias PA, Anders RA, Robinson DN. Targeting Mechanoresponsive Proteins in Pancreatic Cancer: 4-Hydroxyacetophenone Blocks Dissemination and Invasion by Activating MYH14. Cancer Res 2019; 79:4665-4678. [PMID: 31358530 PMCID: PMC6744980 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is complex, involving multiple genetic, epigenetic, biochemical, and physical changes in the cancer cell and its microenvironment. Cells with metastatic potential are often characterized by altered cellular contractility and deformability, lending them the flexibility to disseminate and navigate through different microenvironments. We demonstrate that mechanoresponsiveness is a hallmark of pancreatic cancer cells. Key mechanoresponsive proteins, those that accumulate in response to mechanical stress, specifically nonmuscle myosin IIA (MYH9) and IIC (MYH14), α-actinin 4, and filamin B, were highly expressed in pancreatic cancer as compared with healthy ductal epithelia. Their less responsive sister paralogs-myosin IIB (MYH10), α-actinin 1, and filamin A-had lower expression differential or disappeared with cancer progression. We demonstrate that proteins whose cellular contributions are often overlooked because of their low abundance can have profound impact on cell architecture, behavior, and mechanics. Here, the low abundant protein MYH14 promoted metastatic behavior and could be exploited with 4-hydroxyacetophenone (4-HAP), which increased MYH14 assembly, stiffening cells. As a result, 4-HAP decreased dissemination, induced cortical actin belts in spheroids, and slowed retrograde actin flow. 4-HAP also reduced liver metastases in human pancreatic cancer-bearing nude mice. Thus, increasing MYH14 assembly overwhelms the ability of cells to polarize and invade, suggesting targeting the mechanoresponsive proteins of the actin cytoskeleton as a new strategy to improve the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that mechanoresponsive proteins become upregulated with pancreatic cancer progression and that this system of proteins can be pharmacologically targeted to inhibit the metastatic potential of pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Surcel
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Eric S Schiffhauer
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dustin G Thomas
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Qingfeng Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kathleen T DiNapoli
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Maik Herbig
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Oliver Otto
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hoku West-Foyle
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Angela Jacobi
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Kräter
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Plak
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jochen Guck
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elizabeth M Jaffee
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Skip Viragh Pancreatic Cancer Center, and the Bloomberg Kimmel Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Pablo A Iglesias
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert A Anders
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Douglas N Robinson
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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NMIIA promotes tumor growth and metastasis by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and EMT in pancreatic cancer. Oncogene 2019; 38:5500-5515. [PMID: 30967633 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0806-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA) protein plays an important role in cell cytokinesis and cell migration. The role and underlying regulatory mechanisms of NMIIA in pancreatic cancer (PC) remain elusive. We found that NMIIA is highly expressed in PC tissues and contributes to PC poor progression by using open microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and PC tissue arrays. NMIIA regulates β-catenin mediated EMT to promote the proliferation, migration, invasion, and sphere formation of PC cells in vitro and in vivo. NMIIA controls the β-catenin transcriptional activity by interacting with β-catenin. Moreover, MEK/ERK signaling is critical in MLC2 (Ser19) phosphorylation, which can mediate NMIIA activity and regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling. These findings highlight the significance of NMIIA in tumor regression and implicate NMIIA as a promising candidate for PC treatment.
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Myosin IIA Regulated Tight Junction in Oxygen Glucose-Deprived Brain Endothelial Cells Via Activation of TLR4/PI3K/Akt/JNK1/2/14-3-3ε/NF-κB/MMP9 Signal Transduction Pathway. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 39:301-319. [PMID: 30666520 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00654-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMMHC IIA), a member of Myosin II family, plays a critical role in various cellular physiological processes. Our previous research had suggested that NMMHC IIA could participate in regulating tight junction morphological changes induced by ischemia stroke. Thus, in the current study, we attempted to uncover the regulation pattern of NMMHC IIA on tight junction dysfunction in oxygen glucose-deprived (OGD) mouse brain bEND.3 endothelial cells. The regulation of NMMHC IIA on tight junction in OGD-stimulated bEND.3 cells was evaluated by western blotting assay. Morphologic change of occludin, claudin-5, and ZO-1 tight junction proteins was compared with pretreatment with NMMHC II inhibitor blebbistatin via immunohistochemical staining. Detection of activation of NMMHC IIA on OGD-mediated tight junction transduction pathway was investigated via Koch's postulate using corresponding protein inhibitor. Our results showed that NMMHC IIA was activated in OGD-stimulated bEND.3 endothelial cells. The inhibition of NMMHC IIA could attenuate the morphologic change of occludin, claudin-5, and ZO-1 tight junction proteins. NMMHC IIA participated in regulating downstream transduction pathway TLR4, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, JNK1/2, 14-3-3ε, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-кB) and matrix metalloprotein 9 (MMP9). Blocking of these pathways using indicated inhibitors demonstrated that NMMHC IIA destroyed the connection of tight junction via the activation of TLR4/PI3K/Akt/JNK1/2/14-3-3ε/NF-κB/MMP9 pathway. Our study described the key role of NMMHC IIA in OGD-stimulated mouse brain bEND.3 endothelial cells, while also exhibited the molecule effect on tight junction dysfunction via TLR4/PI3K/Akt/JNK1/2/14-3-3ε/NF-κB/MMP9 signal transduction pathway.
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Lv Y, Fu L. The potential mechanism for Hydroxysafflor yellow A attenuating blood-brain barrier dysfunction via tight junction signaling pathways excavated by an integrated serial affinity chromatography and shotgun proteomics analysis approach. Neurochem Int 2017; 112:38-48. [PMID: 29107696 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies elucidated that hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) exerted anti-inflammatory effects against ischemia stroke by inhibiting TLR4 pathway-mediated signaling transduction. However, only several targets were verified in that limited work. The integrated method of serial affinity chromatography (SAC) and shotgun proteomics analysis (SPA) might be an alternative approach for exploring a potential therapeutic role. SAC was induced to extract specific binding proteins in the brain tissue of 2 h of ischemia stroke mice via HSYA affinity matrices. SPA was conducted by nanoLC-MS/MS, while the identified proteins were mapped on to Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway components analysis. The protection of HSYA for blood-brain barrier in mice with ischemia stroke was assessed with the leakage of Evans Blue. The expression of tight junction proteins of blood-brain barrier: occludin, claudin-5, and ZO-1 were detected with ischemia boundary positive areas staining. The regulation of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMMHC IIA), TLR4-mediated PI3K/AKT/JNK1/2/14-3-3ε/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway were evaluated using western blot analysis. A total of 35 proteins with molecular eights ranging from 27,841.22 to 234,122.79 KD were identified. Gene Ontology annotation and KEGG pathways analysis of the identified proteins were conducted with tight junction and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. HSYA could significantly reduce the leakage of Evans Blue in mice with ischemia stroke, while attenuating the expression of occludin, claudin-5, and ZO-1. Western blot demonstrated that regulation of NMMHC IIA, TLR4-mediated PI3K/AKT/JNK1/2/14-3-3ε/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway played an essential role in the protective effect of HSYA. The integrated method of SAC and SPA provides the promising explanations for exploring the mechanism underlying blood-brain barrier dysfunction via the tight junction pathway. HSYA could attenuate blood-brain barrier dysfunction in anti-inflammatory patterns in ischemia stroke mice via the tight junction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Lv
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Longsheng Fu
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
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How myosin organization of the actin cytoskeleton contributes to the cancer phenotype. Biochem Soc Trans 2017; 44:1026-34. [PMID: 27528748 DOI: 10.1042/bst20160034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The human genome contains 39 genes that encode myosin heavy chains, classified on the basis of their sequence similarity into 12 classes. Most cells express at least 12 different genes, from at least 8 different classes, which are typically composed of several class 1 genes, at least one class 2 gene and classes 5, 6, 9, 10, 18 and 19. Although the different myosin isoforms all have specific and non-overlapping roles in the cell, in combination they all contribute to the organization of the actin cytoskeleton, and the shape and phenotype of the cell. Over (or under) expression of these different myosin isoforms can have strong effects on actin organization, cell shape and contribute to the cancer phenotype as discussed in this review.
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