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Pavitra E, Acharya RK, Gupta VK, Verma HK, Kang H, Lee JH, Sahu T, Bhaskar L, Raju GSR, Huh YS. Impacts of oxidative stress and anti-oxidants on the development, pathogenesis, and therapy of sickle cell disease: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116849. [PMID: 38823275 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most severe monogenic hemoglobinopathy caused by a single genetic mutation that leads to repeated polymerization and depolymerization of hemoglobin resulting in intravascular hemolysis, cell adhesion, vascular occlusion, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Hemolysis causes oxidative damage indirectly by generating reactive oxygen species through various pathophysiological mechanisms, which include hemoglobin autoxidation, endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling, reduced nitric oxide bioavailability, and elevated levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine. Red blood cells have a built-in anti-oxidant system that includes enzymes like sodium dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, along with free radical scavenging molecules, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, and glutathione, which help them to fight oxidative damage. However, these anti-oxidants may not be sufficient to prevent the effects of oxidative stress in SCD patients. Therefore, in line with a recent FDA request that the focus to be placed on the development of innovative therapies for SCD that address the root cause of the disease, there is a need for therapies that target oxidative stress and restore redox balance in SCD patients. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding the role of oxidative stress in SCD and the potential benefits of anti-oxidant therapies. It also discusses the challenges and limitations of these therapies and suggests future directions for research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eluri Pavitra
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; 3D Convergence Center, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Rakesh Kumar Acharya
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh 495009, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of lungs health and Immunity, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, Neuherberg, Munich 85764, Germany
| | - Haneul Kang
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwan Lee
- 3D Convergence Center, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Tarun Sahu
- Department of Physiology, All Indian Institute of Medical Science, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Lvks Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh 495009, India.
| | - Ganji Seeta Rama Raju
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
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Qaiser H, Uzair M, Al-Regaiey K, Rafiq S, Arshad M, Yoo WK, Arain OZ, Kaleem I, Abualait T, Wang L, Wang R, Bashir S. Role of Thioredoxin System in Regulating Cellular Redox Status in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:S97-S108. [PMID: 37545242 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and a public health problem. It exhibits significant oxidative stress and redox alterations. The antioxidant enzyme systems defend the cellular environment from oxidative stress. One of the redox systems is the thioredoxin system (TS), which exerts decisive control over the cellular redox environment. We aimed to review the protective effects of TS, which include thioredoxin (Trx), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), and NADPH. In the following, we discussed the physiological functioning and the role of the TS in maintaining the cellular redox-homeostasis in the AD-damaged brain. Trx protects the cellular environment from oxidative stress, while TrxR is crucial for the cellular detoxification of reactive oxygen species in the brain. However, TS dysregulation increases the susceptibility to cellular death. The changes in Trx and TrxR levels are significantly associated with AD progression. Though the data from human, animal, and cellular models support the neuroprotective role of TS in the brain of AD patients, the translational potential of these findings to clinical settings is not yet applied. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the emerging role of the TrxR-Trx system in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Qaiser
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Uzair
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Al-Regaiey
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafia Rafiq
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Woo-Kyoung Yoo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Osama Zahid Arain
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imdad Kaleem
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Turki Abualait
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shahid Bashir
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Yuan Y, Tan H, Chen H, Zhang J, Shi F, Wang M, Zhang G, Wang H, Dong R. Peroxiredoxin 1 alleviates oxygen-glucose deprivation/ reoxygenation injury in N2a cells via suppressing the JNK/caspase-3 pathway. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 26:1305-1312. [PMID: 37886002 PMCID: PMC10598809 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.71390.15528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury inevitably aggravates the initial cerebral tissue damage following a stroke. Peroxiredoxin 1 (Prdx1) is a representative protein of the endogenous antioxidant enzyme family that regulates several reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent signaling pathways, whereas the JNK/caspase-3 proapoptotic pathway has a prominent role during cerebral I/R injury. This study aimed to examine the potential mechanism of Prdx1 in Neuro 2A (N2a) cells following oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury. Materials and Methods N2a cells were exposed to OGD/R to simulate cerebral I/R injury. Prdx1 siRNA transfection and the JNK inhibitor (SP600125) were used to interfere with their relative expressions. CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay were employed to determine the viability and apoptosis of N2a cells. The intracellular ROS content was assessed using ROS Assay Kit. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analyses were conducted to detect the expression levels of Prdx1, JNK, phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK), and cleaved caspase-3. Results Firstly, Prdx1, p-JNK, and cleaved caspase-3 expression were significantly induced in OGD/R-exposed N2a cells. Secondly, the knockdown of Prdx1 inhibited cell viability and increased apoptosis rate, expression of p-JNK, and cleaved caspase-3 expression. Thirdly, SP600125 inhibited the JNK/caspase-3 signaling pathway and mitigated cell injury following OGD/R. Finally, SP600125 partially reversed Prdx1 down-regulation-mediated cleaved caspase-3 activation and OGD/R damage in N2a cells. Conclusion Prdx1 alleviates the injury to N2a cells induced by OGD/R via suppressing JNK/caspase-3 pathway, showing promise as a potential therapeutic for cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hongchen Tan
- Malvern College Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Huailong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Eight People’s Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Clinical College Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Mingshan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Gaofeng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Haipeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang No.2 People’s Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Yeo EJ, Shin MJ, Yeo HJ, Choi YJ, Sohn EJ, Lee LR, Kwon HJ, Cha HJ, Lee SH, Lee S, Yu YH, Kim DS, Kim DW, Park J, Han KH, Eum WS, Choi SY. Tat-thioredoxin 1 reduces inflammation by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulating MAPK signaling. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1395. [PMID: 34650643 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) serves a central role in redox homeostasis. It is involved in numerous other processes, including oxidative stress and apoptosis. However, to the best of our knowledge, the role of Trx1 in inflammation remains to be explored. The present study investigated the function and mechanism of cell permeable fused Tat-Trx1 protein in macrophages and a mouse model. Transduction levels of Tat-Trx1 were determined via western blotting. Cellular distribution of transduced Tat-Trx1 was determined by fluorescence microscopy. 2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate and TUNEL staining were performed to determine the production of reactive oxygen species and DNA fragmentation. Protein and gene expression were measured by western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), respectively. Effects of skin inflammation were determined using hematoxylin and eosin staining, changes in ear weight and ear thickness, and RT-qPCR in ear edema animal models. Transduced Tat-Trx1 inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced cytotoxicity and activation of NF-κB, MAPK and Akt. Additionally, Tat-Trx1 markedly reduced the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in macrophages. In a 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced mouse model, Tat-Trx1 reduced inflammatory damage by inhibiting inflammatory mediator and cytokine production. Collectively, these results demonstrated that Tat-Trx1 could exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines and by modulating MAPK signaling. Therefore, Tat-Trx1 may be a useful therapeutic agent for diseases induced by inflammatory damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jea Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Sohn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Lee Re Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Cha
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea.,Genesen Inc., Seoul 06181, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghou Lee
- Department of Green Chemical Engineering, Sangmyung University, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam 31066, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Yu
- Department of Anatomy and BK21 FOUR Project, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk-Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy and BK21 FOUR Project, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hyung Han
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
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Yeo EJ, Eum WS, Yeo HJ, Choi YJ, Sohn EJ, Kwon HJ, Kim DW, Kim DS, Cho SW, Park J, Han KH, Lee KW, Park JK, Shin MJ, Choi SY. Protective Role of Transduced Tat-Thioredoxin1 (Trx1) against Oxidative Stress-Induced Neuronal Cell Death via ASK1-MAPK Signal Pathway. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 29:321-330. [PMID: 33436533 PMCID: PMC8094070 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2020.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development of neuronal disorders including brain ischemic injury. Thioredoxin 1 (Trx1), a 12 kDa oxidoreductase, has anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic functions in various cells. It has been highly implicated in brain ischemic injury. However, the protective mechanism of Trx1 against hippocampal neuronal cell death is not identified yet. Using a cell permeable Tat-Trx1 protein, protective mechanism of Trx1 against hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death was examined using HT-22 cells and an ischemic animal model. Transduced Tat-Trx1 markedly inhibited intracellular ROS levels, DNA fragmentation, and cell death in H2O2-treatment HT-22 cells. Tat-Trx1 also significantly inhibited phosphorylation of ASK1 and MAPKs in signaling pathways of HT-22 cells. In addition, Tat-Trx1 regulated expression levels of Akt, NF-κB, and apoptosis related proteins. In an ischemia animal model, Tat-Trx1 markedly protected hippocampal neuronal cell death and reduced astrocytes and microglia activation. These findings indicate that transduced Tat-Trx1 might be a potential therapeutic agent for treating ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Sohn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk-Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy and BK21 Plus Center, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hyung Han
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Wook Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kook Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jea Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
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Freezing stress adaptations: Critical elements to activate Nrf2 related antioxidant defense in liver and skeletal muscle of the freeze tolerant wood frogs. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 254:110573. [PMID: 33548505 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) can survive seasonal exposure to subzero temperatures. During freeze/thaw, the frogs confront oxidative stress due to concurrent stress conditions of anoxia, ischemia and dehydration. Wood frogs also need to cope with additional oxidative stress associated with hyperglycemia due to accumulation of the cryoprotectant glucose. Here we explore the transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2) and Nrf2 related antioxidant enzymes in liver and skeletal muscle of wood frogs undergoing freeze/thaw and glucose injection. Nrf2 binding activity to DNA was assessed and GSK3β, an upstream regulator of Nrf2, and gsta1, a downstream gene under Nrf2 control, were also evaluated. A multiplex protein assay was used to analyze multiple Nrf2 related antioxidant enzymes. Elevated DNA binding activity was observed in frozen frogs as compared to unfrozen controls for both liver and skeletal muscle. Interestingly, high glucose also enhanced binding to the ARE (antioxidant response element) in vitro in unfrozen frogs for both tissues. However, high blood glucose concentration failed to stimulate Nrf2 dependent gsta1 gene expression in glucose loaded frogs, although this was observed in liver of frozen frogs. A multiplex protein assay revealed that Prdx2 responded robustly in both tissues, decreasing in liver but rising in muscle. Glucose loaded frogs showed tissue specific suppression of catalase, Prdx2 (Peroxiredoxin-2) and SOD2 (superoxide dismutase 2) in liver and of Prdx2 alone in muscle. Our study further extended our understanding of the roles of Nrf2 dependent antioxidant defenses in wood frog freezing survival.
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Cellular mechanisms and molecular signaling pathways in stress-induced anxiety, depression, and blood-brain barrier inflammation and leakage. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:643-665. [PMID: 32333258 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00712-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are comorbid conditions in many neurological or psychopathological disorders. Stress is an underlying event that triggers development of anxiety and depressive-like behaviors. Recent experimental data indicate that anxiety and depressive-like behaviors occurring as a result of stressful situations can cause blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, which is characterized by inflammation and leakage. However, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. This paper sought to review recent experimental preclinical and clinical data that suggest possible molecular mechanisms involved in development of stress-induced anxiety and depression with associated BBB inflammation and leakage. Critical therapeutic targets and potential pharmacological candidates for treatment of stress-induced anxiety and depression with associated BBB dysfunctions are also discussed.
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8
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Wang JZ, Zhang YH, Du WT, Liu G, Zhang XY, Cheng SZ, Guo XH. A post-surgical adjunctive hypoxic therapy for myocardial infarction: Initiate endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation in adults. Med Hypotheses 2019; 125:16-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Sajja RK, Kaisar MA, Vijay V, Desai VG, Prasad S, Cucullo L. In Vitro Modulation of Redox and Metabolism Interplay at the Brain Vascular Endothelium: Genomic and Proteomic Profiles of Sulforaphane Activity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12708. [PMID: 30139948 PMCID: PMC6107504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31137-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN) has been shown to protect the brain vascular system and effectively reduce ischemic injuries and cognitive deficits. Given the robust cerebrovascular protection afforded by SFN, the objective of this study was to profile these effects in vitro using primary mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells and focusing on cellular redox, metabolism and detoxification functions. We used a mouse MitoChip array developed and validated at the FDA National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR) to profile a host of genes encoded by nuclear and mt-DNA following SFN treatment (0-5 µM). Corresponding protein expression levels were assessed (ad hoc) by qRT-PCR, immunoblots and immunocytochemistry (ICC). Gene ontology clustering revealed that SFN treatment (24 h) significantly up-regulated ~50 key genes (>1.5 fold, adjusted p < 0.0001) and repressed 20 genes (<0.7 fold, adjusted p < 0.0001) belonging to oxidative stress, phase 1 & 2 drug metabolism enzymes (glutathione system), iron transporters, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis. Our results show that SFN stimulated the production of ATP by promoting the expression and activity of glucose transporter-1, and glycolysis. In addition, SFN upregulated anti-oxidative stress responses, redox signaling and phase 2 drug metabolism/detoxification functions, thus elucidating further the previously observed neurovascular protective effects of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi K Sajja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Mohammad A Kaisar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Vikrant Vijay
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US FDA, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Varsha G Desai
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US FDA, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Shikha Prasad
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University - The Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Luca Cucullo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA. .,Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA.
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10
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Wu D, Li D, Liu Z, Liu X, Zhou S, Duan H. Role and underlying mechanism of SPATA12 in oxidative damage. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:3676-3684. [PMID: 29467887 PMCID: PMC5796374 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis-associated gene 12 (SPATA12) functions as an inhibitor in spermatogenesis and tumorigenesis. Our previous study demonstrated that SPATA12 may be induced in tumor cells by ultraviolet (UV) C-mediated DNA damage, suggesting its importance in maintaining genomic integrity. In order to understand whether and how SPATA12 responds to oxidative damage, the present study established a cellular model of oxidative stress by detecting the effect of H2O2 on cell viability and intracellular superoxide dismutase activity, and the levels of glutathione and malondialdehyde (MDA). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction results demonstrated that H2O2 upregulated the expression of SPATA12, and a dual luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1) was involved in the response of SPATA12 to oxidative stress. Through the exogenous expression of SPATA12, it was identified that SPATA12 decreased the level of reactive oxygen species and MDA, and also may reduce the degree of cellular oxidative damage and apoptosis induced by H2O2. In addition, resveratrol was demonstrated to increase the expression of SPATA12 by activating AP-1, and it may be used as a nontoxic activator of the SPATA12 gene. In conclusion, these results suggest that SPATA12 is upregulated by oxidative stress via AP-1, and that the exogenous expression of SPATA12 protects against H2O2-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daobing Wu
- Department of Life Science, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P.R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Life Science, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Life Science, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Department of Life Science, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P.R. China
| | - Shihua Zhou
- Department of Life Science, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Duan
- Department of Life Science, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P.R. China
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11
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Lu D, Wang W, Liu J, Qi L, Zhuang R, Zhuo J, Zhang X, Xu X, Zheng S. Peroxiredoxins in inflammatory liver diseases and ischemic/reperfusion injury in liver transplantation. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 113:83-89. [PMID: 29360557 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) belong to the superfamily of thiol-dependent peroxidases, and remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other oxidative stress products. The expression and activity of Prxs can be substantially affected by stimuli from the microenvironment, and in turn regulate cytokine secretion in the context of inflammation in both peroxidase-dependent and -independent pathways. Prxs translocate to mitochondria and are hyperoxidized during acute liver damage, and attenuate intracellular ROS accumulation through their peroxidase activity. In particularly, Prx1 modulates the microenvironment in liver injuries by reducing adhesion molecule expression in vascular endothelial cells and inhibiting the inflammatory response and adhesion of macrophages. Prxs have potent prosurvival effects against ROS in ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury, but Prxs released from necrotic cells increase secretion of inflammatory cytokines by macrophages through TLR2 and 4 activation, which promotes cell death. Prxs can be used as biomarkers to evaluate I/R injury and predict graft survival in liver transplantation. Prxs are modulated in various types of chronic hepatitis and hepatosteatosis, and mediate disease progression. Alcohol administration increases oxidization and inactivation of Prxs in mice because of oxidative stress. In conclusion, Prxs are essential mediators and biomarkers in inflammatory liver diseases and I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, China; Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jingfeng Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, China; Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ling Qi
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, China; Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Runzhou Zhuang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, China; Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jianyong Zhuo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, China; Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xuanyu Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, China; Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, China; Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, China; Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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12
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McBean GJ. Cysteine, Glutathione, and Thiol Redox Balance in Astrocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:antiox6030062. [PMID: 28771170 PMCID: PMC5618090 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6030062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This review discusses the current understanding of cysteine and glutathione redox balance in astrocytes. Particular emphasis is placed on the impact of oxidative stress and astrocyte activation on pathways that provide cysteine as a precursor for glutathione. The effect of the disruption of thiol-containing amino acid metabolism on the antioxidant capacity of astrocytes is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gethin J McBean
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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13
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Wang YJ, Peng QY, Deng SY, Chen CX, Wu L, Huang L, Zhang LN. Hemin protects against oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis activation via neuroglobin in SH-SY5Y cells. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:2208-2217. [PMID: 28316021 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2230-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of hemin in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated neurons. OGD-treated SH-SY5Y cells (human neuroblastoma cells) were used in the study. The cellular viability of SH-SY5Y cells was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and the cell apoptosis rate was determined by flow cytometry analysis with Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide staining with or without hemin pretreatment. Cell viability and apoptotic activation were detected after hemin administration combined with neuroglobin (Nqb), thioredoxin-1, peroxiredoxin-2, or heme oxygenase-1 siRNA transient transfection. The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and the interaction between Ngb and cytochrome c were examined with hemin pretreatment. Hemin had a neuroprotective effect in OGD-treated SH-SY5Y cells, which was mainly mediated by the upregulation of Ngb. Moreover, the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria was inhibited by hemin-induced Ngb expression through facilitating the interaction of Ngb with cytochrome c in mitochondria. The present findings provided new insights into the neuroprotective mechanisms of hemin. It was concluded that low-dose hemin pretreatment had a neuroprotective effect in OGD-treated SH-SY5Y cells, through inhibiting cell apoptosis. The neuroprotective effects of hemin following hypoxic-ischemic neuronal damage were mainly mediated by Ngb. One underlying mechanism was hemin-induced overexpression of mitochondrial Ngb, which inhibited endogenous apoptosis via the association with cytochrome c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jia Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Qian-Yi Peng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Song-Yun Deng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Cai-Xia Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Long Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Li-Na Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China.
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