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Skalniak A, Trofimiuk-Müldner M, Surmiak M, Totoń-Żurańska J, Jabrocka-Hybel A, Hubalewska-Dydejczyk A. Whole-Exome Screening and Analysis of Signaling Pathways in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Patients with Different Outcomes: Insights into Cellular Mechanisms and Possible Functional Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1065. [PMID: 38256138 PMCID: PMC10816043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a syndrome characterized by tumors in multiple organs. Although being a dominantly inherited monogenic disease, disease phenotypes are unpredictable and differ even among members of the same family. There is growing evidence for the role of modifier genes in the alteration of the course of this disease. However, genome-wide screening data are still lacking. In our study, we addressed the different outcomes of the disease, focusing on pituitary and adrenocortical tumors. By means of exome sequencing we identified the affected signaling pathways that segregated with those symptoms. Most significantly, we identified damaging alterations in numerous structural genes responsible for cell adhesion and migration. Additionally, in the case of pituitary tumors, genes related to neuronal function, survival, and morphogenesis were repeatedly identified, while in patients with adrenocortical tumors, TLR10, which is involved in the regulation of the innate immunity, was commonly modified. Our data show that using exome screening, it is possible to find signatures which correlate with the given clinical MEN1 outcomes, providing evidence that studies addressing modifier effects in MEN1 are reasonable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Skalniak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-066 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Trofimiuk-Müldner
- Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (M.T.-M.); (A.J.-H.); (A.H.-D.)
| | - Marcin Surmiak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-066 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Justyna Totoń-Żurańska
- Center for Medical Genomics—OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-034 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Agata Jabrocka-Hybel
- Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (M.T.-M.); (A.J.-H.); (A.H.-D.)
| | - Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk
- Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (M.T.-M.); (A.J.-H.); (A.H.-D.)
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Mele C, Mencarelli M, Caputo M, Mai S, Pagano L, Aimaretti G, Scacchi M, Falchetti A, Marzullo P. Phenotypes Associated With MEN1 Syndrome: A Focus on Genotype-Phenotype Correlations. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:591501. [PMID: 33312161 PMCID: PMC7708377 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.591501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare autosomal dominant inherited tumor syndrome, associated with parathyroid, pituitary, and gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). MEN1 is usually consequent to different germline and somatic mutations of the MEN1 tumor suppressor gene, although phenocopies have also been reported. This review analyzed main biomedical databases searching for reports on MEN1 gene mutations and focused on aggressive and aberrant clinical manifestations to investigate the potential genotype-phenotype correlation. Despite efforts made by several groups, this link remains elusive to date and evidence that aggressive or aberrant clinical phenotypes may be related to specific mutations has been provided by case reports and small groups of MEN1 patients or families. In such context, a higher risk of aggressive tumor phenotypes has been described in relation to frameshift and non-sense mutations, and predominantly associated with aggressive GEP NETs, particularly pancreatic NETs. In our experience a novel heterozygous missense mutation at c.836C>A in exon 6 was noticed in a MEN1 patient operated for macro-prolactinoma, who progressively developed recurrent parathyroid adenomas, expanding gastrinomas and, long after the first MEN1 manifestation, a neuroendocrine uterine carcinoma. In conclusion, proof of genotype-phenotype correlation is limited but current evidence hints at the need for long-term interdisciplinary surveillance in patients with aggressive phenotypes and genetically confirmed MEN1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mele
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Division of General Medicine, S. Giuseppe Hospital, Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Monica Mencarelli
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, S. Giuseppe Hospital, Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Marina Caputo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital “Maggiore della Carità”, Novara, Italy
| | - Stefania Mai
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Metabolic Research, S. Giuseppe Hospital, Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Loredana Pagano
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gianluca Aimaretti
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital “Maggiore della Carità”, Novara, Italy
| | - Massimo Scacchi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Division of General Medicine, S. Giuseppe Hospital, Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Alberto Falchetti
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Rehabilitation Unit, S. Giuseppe Hospital, Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases, Verbania, Italy
- Diabetes & Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Dept. of Clinical Sciences & Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Marzullo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Division of General Medicine, S. Giuseppe Hospital, Piancavallo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Paolo Marzullo,
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