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Alibardi L. Immunolocalization of Pglyrp3 and Eps8l1 proteins in the regenerating lizard epidermis indicates they contribute to epidermal barrier formation. ZOOLOGY 2023; 157:126080. [PMID: 36854226 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2023.126080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
During tail regeneration in lizards the new corneous layer formed in the regenerating epidermis includes antimicrobial peptides, cystatin and serpins, likely forming an anti-microbial barrier. The present study aims to reveal other proteins potentially contributing to this protective barrier of the epidermis. Using immunohistochemistry we have detected a peptidoglycan-like recognition protein-3 (pglyrp3), an antimicrobial molecule, and an epidermal growth factor receptor kinase 8 l (eps8l), a receptor of EGF (Epidermal Growth Factor) that stimulates epidermal formation. The study shows that the two proteins are mostly accumulated in the forming wound epidermis and in the shedding layer of the regenerating scales. The shedding layer is the intra-epidermal layer that allows the separation of the initial corneous layer from the regenerating epidermis. While presence of pglyrp3 is likely related to the formation of the anti-microbial barrier, the function of the eps8l protein in epidermal regeneration remains unknown. Whether the latter protein is involved in keratinocyte movement within the regenerating epidermis has to be specifically determined in future studies. Together with the antimicrobial peptides cystatin and serpins, previously detected in the wound epidermis and shedding layer, the present study indicates that pglyp3, and potentially eps8l, contribute to protect the new skin and underlying regenerated tissues from the potential microbe invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Alibardi
- Comparative Histolab Padova, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Bologna, Italy.
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You L, Xiao L, Jin S. EPS8L3 suppresses apoptosis and autophagy of gastric cancer through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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EPS8 phosphorylation by Src modulates its oncogenic functions. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:1078-1088. [PMID: 32641864 PMCID: PMC7525440 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0976-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background EPS8 is a scaffolding protein that regulates proliferation, actin dynamics and receptor trafficking. Its expression is increased in cancer, enhancing mitogenesis, migration and tumorigenesis. Src phosphorylates EPS8 at four tyrosine residues, although the function is unknown. Here we investigated the pro-oncogenic role of EPS8 tyrosine phosphorylation at Src target sites in HNSCC. Methods Plasmids expressing EPS8 Src-mediated phosphorylation site mutants (Y485F, Y525F, Y602F, Y774F and all four combined [FFFF]) were expressed in cells containing a normal endogenous level of EPS8. In addition, cells were treated with dasatinib to inhibit Src activity. EPS8 downstream targets were evaluated by western blotting. Wound closure, proliferation, immunofluorescence and tumorgenicity assays were used to investigate the impact of phenylalanine mutations on EPS8 biological functions. Results FOXM1, AURKA, and AURKB were decreased in cells expressing FFFF- and Y602F-EPS8 mutants, while cells harbouring the Y485F-, Y525F- and Y774F-EPS8 mutants showed no differences compared to controls. Consistent with this, dasatinib decreased the expression of EPS8 targets. Moreover, Y602F- and FFFF-EPS8 mutants reduced mitogenesis and motility. Strikingly though, FFFF- or Y602F-EPS8 mutants actually promoted tumorigenicity compared with control cells. Conclusions Phosphorylation of EPS8 at Y602 is crucial for signalling to the cell cycle and may provide insight to explain reduced efficacy of dasatinib treatment.
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Ngan AWL, Grace Tsui M, So DHF, Leung WY, Chan DW, Yao KM. Novel Nuclear Partnering Role of EPS8 With FOXM1 in Regulating Cell Proliferation. Front Oncol 2019; 9:154. [PMID: 30941306 PMCID: PMC6433973 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One hallmark of cancer cells is sustaining proliferative signaling that leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation. Both the Forkhead box (FOX) M1 transcription factor and the Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) receptor Pathway Substrate 8 (EPS8) are known to be activated by mitogenic signaling and their levels upregulated in cancer. Well-known to regulate Rac-mediated actin remodeling at the cell cortex, EPS8 carries a nuclear localization signal but its possible nuclear role remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated interaction of FOXM1 with EPS8 in yeast two-hybrid and immunoprecipitation assays. Immunostaining revealed co-localization of the two proteins during G2/M phase of the cell cycle. EPS8 became nuclear localized when CRM1/Exportin 1-dependent nuclear export was inhibited by Leptomycin B, and a functional nuclear export signal could be identified within EPS8 using EGFP-tagging and site-directed mutagenesis. Downregulation of EPS8 using shRNAs suppressed expression of FOXM1 and the FOXM1-target CCNB1, and slowed down G2/M transition in cervical cancer cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis indicated recruitment of EPS8 to the CCNB1 and CDC25B promoters. Taken together, our findings support a novel partnering role of EPS8 with FOXM1 in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation and provides interesting insight into future design of therapeutic strategy to inhibit cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adaline Wan Ling Ngan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michelle Grace Tsui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Danny Hon Fai So
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai Ying Leung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - David W Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok-Ming Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Fukuhisa H, Seki N, Idichi T, Kurahara H, Yamada Y, Toda H, Kita Y, Kawasaki Y, Tanoue K, Mataki Y, Maemura K, Natsugoe S. Gene regulation by antitumor miR-130b-5p in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: the clinical significance of oncogenic EPS8. J Hum Genet 2019; 64:521-534. [DOI: 10.1038/s10038-019-0584-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Osio A, Xu S, El Bouchtaoui M, Leboeuf C, Gapihan G, Lemaignan C, Bousquet G, Lebbé C, Janin A, Battistella M. EGFR is involved in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans progression to high grade sarcoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:8478-8488. [PMID: 29492209 PMCID: PMC5823585 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP), amounting to 6% of all soft tissue sarcomas, has a slow growth rate, contrasting with a likelihood for local recurrence and a 10-20% evolution to higher-grade sarcoma, or "transformed DFSP" (DFSP-T). At molecular level, the characteristic COL1A1-PDGFB rearrangement, leading to sustained PDGFR signaling, is not linked to the evolutive potential. Here, we studied EGFR, another tyrosine kinase receptor, using laser-microdissection to select the different histologic components of DFSP (DFSP center, DFSP infiltrative periphery, DFSP-T higher-grade sarcoma), in 22 patients followed over 3 to 156 months. EGFR protein and mRNA were expressed in 13/22 patients with DFSP or DFSP-T, and increased with tumor progression, both in microdissected areas of higher-grade sarcomas and in microdissected areas of local extension. No cancer-associated EGFR gene mutation or copy-number variation, nor any KRAS, BRAF, NRAS hotspot mutations were found in any microdissected area. Among epithelial-mesenchymal transition factors tested, SNAIL 1/2 had the same expression pattern as EGFR while ZEB1/2 or TWIST1/2 did not. Using a proteome profiler phospho-kinase array on 3 DFSP and 3 DFSP-T cryopreserved tissue samples, EGFR phosphorylation was detected in each case. Among EGFR downstream pathways, we found positive correlations between phosphorylation levels of EGFR and STAT5a/b (r = 0.87, p < 0.05) and TOR (r = 0.95, p < 0.01), but not ERK in the MAPK pathway (r = -0.18, p > 0.70). We thus demonstrated that in DFSP evolution to high grade sarcoma, EGFR and SNAIL were involved, with EGFR activation and signaling through TOR and STAT5a/b downstream effectors, which could lead on to new therapies for advanced DFSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Osio
- Pathology Department, Hôpital St Louis, APHP, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Inserm, UMR_S1165, Paris, France
| | - Shuo Xu
- Université Paris Diderot, Inserm, UMR_S1165, Paris, France
| | - Morad El Bouchtaoui
- Pathology Department, Hôpital St Louis, APHP, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Inserm, UMR_S1165, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Guilhem Bousquet
- Université Paris Diderot, Inserm, UMR_S1165, Paris, France.,Oncology Department, Hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France.,Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France
| | - Céleste Lebbé
- Dermatology Department, Hôpital St Louis, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Inserm, UMR_S976, Paris, France
| | - Anne Janin
- Pathology Department, Hôpital St Louis, APHP, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Inserm, UMR_S1165, Paris, France
| | - Maxime Battistella
- Pathology Department, Hôpital St Louis, APHP, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Inserm, UMR_S1165, Paris, France
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Vitulo N, Dalla Valle L, Skobo T, Valle G, Alibardi L. Downregulation of lizard immuno-genes in the regenerating tail and myogenes in the scarring limb suggests that tail regeneration occurs in an immuno-privileged organ. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:2127-2141. [PMID: 28357509 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1107-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Amputated tails of lizards regenerate while limbs form scars which histological structure is very different from the original organs. Lizards provide useful information for regenerative medicine and some hypotheses on the loss of regeneration in terrestrial vertebrates. Analysis of tail and limb transcriptomes shows strong downregulation in the tail blastema for immunoglobulins and surface B and T receptors, cell function, and metabolism. In contrast, in the limb blastema genes for myogenesis, muscle and cell function, and extracellular matrix deposition but not immunity are variably downregulated. The upregulated genes show that the regenerating tail is an embryonic organ driven by the Wnt pathway and non-coding RNAs. The strong inflammation following amputation, the non-activation of the Wnt pathway, and the upregulation of inflammatory genes with no downregulation of immune genes indicate that the amputated limb does not activate an embryonic program. Intense inflammation in limbs influences in particular the activity of genes coding for muscle proteins, cell functions, and stimulates the deposition of dense extracellular matrix proteins resulting in scarring limb outgrowths devoid of muscles. The present study complements that on upregulated genes, and indicates that the regenerating tail requires immune suppression to maintain this embryonic organ connected to the rest of the tail without be rejected or turned into a scar. It is hypothesized that the evolution of the adaptive immune system determined scarring instead of organ regeneration in terrestrial vertebrates and that lizards evolved the process of tail regeneration through a mechanism of immuno-evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Vitulo
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Tatjana Skobo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Valle
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Alibardi
- Comparative Histolab, Padova, Italy.
- Dipartimento Bigea, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
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Jiang Y, Ren W, Wang W, Xia J, Gou L, Liu M, Wan Q, Zhou L, Weng Y, He T, Zhang Y. Inhibitor of β-catenin and TCF (ICAT) promotes cervical cancer growth and metastasis by disrupting E-cadherin/β-catenin complex. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:2597-2606. [PMID: 29048651 PMCID: PMC5780012 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitor of β-catenin and TCF (ICAT) blocks the binding of TCF to β-catenin and has been demonstrated as a suppressor of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. It has been reported to exert a different function around a wide variety of cancers. However, its function and underlying mechanisms in human cervical cancer remains unknown. In the present study, the expression of ICAT in 41 human cervical cancer tissues and 30 normal cervical tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis. ICAT was found highly expressed in cancer tissues. ICAT overexpression significantly promoted SiHa cell proliferation in vitro by causing G1 arrest, and enhanced cell migration and invasion whereas, ICAT knockdown induced opposite effects in Caski cells which have higher expression of ICAT. Downregulation or overexpression of ICAT resulted in an altered expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, immunoprecipitation assays revealed that ICAT pormoted cervical cancer EMT by competing in E-cadhenin binding to β-caterin. Overexpression of ICAT in SiHa cells promoted tumor growth and EMT was also demonstrated by the xenograft mouse experiment. These results demonstrate that ICAT contributed to the progression of cervical cancer and may play a role in the regulation of EMT by distrupting the E-cadherin/β-catenin complex. It may be a novel potential therapeutic target for therapy in human cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Weijia Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Sun Yat-sen University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528493, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xia
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Liyao Gou
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Mengyao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qun Wan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Lan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yaguang Weng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Tongchuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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