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D’Esposito F, Gagliano C, Bloom PA, Cordeiro MF, Avitabile A, Gagliano G, Costagliola C, Avitabile T, Musa M, Zeppieri M. Epigenetics in Glaucoma. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:905. [PMID: 38929522 PMCID: PMC11205742 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is defined as a "genetically complex trait", where modifying factors act on a genetic predisposing background. For the majority of glaucomatous conditions, DNA variants are not sufficient to explain pathogenesis. Some genes are clearly underlying the more "Mendelian" forms, while a growing number of related polymorphisms in other genes have been identified in recent years. Environmental, dietary, or biological factors are known to influence the development of the condition, but interactions between these factors and the genetic background are poorly understood. Several studies conducted in recent years have led to evidence that epigenetics, that is, changes in the pattern of gene expression without any changes in the DNA sequence, appear to be the missing link. Different epigenetic mechanisms have been proven to lead to glaucomatous changes in the eye, principally DNA methylation, post-translational histone modification, and RNA-associated gene regulation by non-coding RNAs. The aim of this work is to define the principal epigenetic actors in glaucoma pathogenesis. The identification of such mechanisms could potentially lead to new perspectives on therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana D’Esposito
- Imperial College Ophthalmic Research Group (ICORG) Unit, Imperial College, London NW1 5QH, UK; (F.D.)
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna “Kore”, Piazza dell’Università, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Caterina Gagliano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna “Kore”, Piazza dell’Università, 94100 Enna, Italy
- Eye Clinic, Catania University San Marco Hospital, Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Philip Anthony Bloom
- Imperial College Ophthalmic Research Group (ICORG) Unit, Imperial College, London NW1 5QH, UK; (F.D.)
- Western Eye Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London NW1 5QH, UK
| | - Maria Francesca Cordeiro
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Western Eye Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London NW1 5QH, UK
| | - Alessandro Avitabile
- Eye Clinic, Catania University San Marco Hospital, Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gagliano
- Eye Clinic, Catania University San Marco Hospital, Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Ciro Costagliola
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Teresio Avitabile
- Eye Clinic, Catania University San Marco Hospital, Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Mutali Musa
- Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Nigeria
| | - Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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Zhou X, Zhang F, Zhang X, Zhou D, Zhao Y, Chen B, Duan X. Construction of miRNA-mRNA regulatory network indicates potential biomarkers for primary open-angle glaucoma. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:280. [PMID: 37940950 PMCID: PMC10634160 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01698-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trabecular meshwork (TM) dysfunction-induced elevation of intraocular pressure has been identified as the main risk factor of irreversible optic nerve injury in Primary open‑angle glaucoma (POAG). Increasing evidences suggest that microRNA (miRNA) plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of POAG. This study aims to construct a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and identify biomarkers for POAG. METHODS miRNAs and mRNAs expression profiling of TM samples from controls and POAG patients were assessed through microarray analysis. Target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were predicted by miEAA and miRNet. Then GO and KEGG pathway analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were performed. PPI of top 30 hub genes was identified and miRNA-mRNA network was established by STRING database and Cytoscape software. GSE27276 and GSE105269 datasets were used to verify the expression of hub genes and to predict potential biomarkers in TM and aqueous humor (AH) for POAG, respectively. Finally, GSEA analysis was conducted to estimate the main signaling pathway of POAG pathogenesis. RESULTS A total of 29 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated miRNAs, 923 up-regulated and 887 down-regulated mRNAs were identified in TM of POAG compared with controls. Target genes and DEmRNAs were mainly enriched in nitric oxide biosynthetic process, vasopressin-regulated water reabsorption, and so on. Through miRNA-mRNA network construction, top 30 hub genes were regulated by 24 DEmiRNAs. 8 genes were aberrantly expressed in dataset GSE27276. 3 genes (CREB1, CAPZA2, SLC2A3) and 2 miRNAs (miR-106b-5p, miR-15a-5p) were identified as potential biomarkers for POAG in TM and AH, respectively. GSEA analysis revealed that these 3 genes modulated POAG through different pathways. CONCLUSION In this study, construction of miRNA-mRNA network and identification of biomarkers provide a novel insight into the pathogenesis, early diagnosis and treatment for POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhou
- Aier Glaucoma Institute, Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Aier Glaucoma Institute, Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dengming Zhou
- The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Aier Glaucoma Institute, Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Baihua Chen
- The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xuanchu Duan
- Aier Glaucoma Institute, Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
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Xu M, Wang Y, Zhou J, Zhang X, Yu Y, Li K. MicroRNA-93 promotes the pathogenesis of glaucoma by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases as well as up-regulating extracellular matrix and Rho/ROCK signaling pathways. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22012. [PMID: 38045197 PMCID: PMC10689882 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect and potential molecular mechanism of microRNA-93 (miR-93) on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) apoptosis as well as retinal damage in acute glaucoma mice. Methods RGCs apoptosis were induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R). The pro-apoptotic effect of miR-93 was evaluated by transfecting miR-93 mimics or miR-93 inhibitor into OGD/R-induced RGCs. The viability and apoptosis of RGCs were determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry. Mouse model of acute glaucoma were successfully induced via high intraocular pressure (IOP), and then these model animals were randomly divided into vehicle group, miR-93 mimics group or miR-93 inhibitor group (n = 10), using healthy mice as normal control. Histopathologic changes of retinal tissue were evaluated by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining method. Moreover, cell counts of retinal ganglion cell layer and mean thickness of different layers were also determined. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and western blotting analysis were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of extracellular matrix (ECM), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and Rho/ROCK signaling pathway. Results miR-93 mimics significantly decreased or promoted the viability and apoptosis of OGD/R-induced RGCs, respectively. In addition, miR-93 mimics significantly exacerbated the degree of retinal tissue damage in mice with acute glaucoma, which was accompanied by a decrease in the number of ganglion cell layer (GCL) cells and the thickness of different tissue layers. Moreover, miR-93 mimics significantly increased IOP in mice with acute glaucoma. Significantly, miR-93 inhibitors significantly reversed the above changes. In addition, results of Western blot analysis showed that miR-93 mimics increased and decreased the expression of ECM-associated and MMP-associated proteins, respectively, by activating the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway. In contrast, miR-93 significantly decreased and increased the expression of ECM-associated and MMP-associated proteins, and suppressed the expression of Rho/ROCK signaling pathway-related proteins. Conclusion miR-93 can promote the development of glaucoma by activating Rho/ROCK signaling pathway to mediate the accumulation of ECM-related proteins as well as the down-regulation of MMP-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manhua Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yanxi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yinggui Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Kaiming Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
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Zhang R, Tao Y, Huang J. The Application of MicroRNAs in Glaucoma Research: A Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15377. [PMID: 37895056 PMCID: PMC10607922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is similar to a neurodegenerative disorder and leads to global irreversible loss of vision. Despite extensive research, the pathophysiological mechanisms of glaucoma remain unclear, and no complete cure has yet been identified for glaucoma. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs can serve as diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for glaucoma; however, there are few bibliometric studies that focus on using microRNAs in glaucoma research. Here, we have adopted a bibliometric analysis in the field of microRNAs in glaucoma research to manifest the current tendencies and research hotspots and to present a visual map of the past and emerging tendencies in this field. In this study, we retrieved publications in the Web of Science database that centered on this field between 2007 and 2022. Next, we used VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Scimago Graphica, and Microsoft Excel to present visual representations of a co-occurrence analysis, co-citation analysis, tendencies, hotspots, and the contributions of authors, institutions, journals, and countries/regions. The United States was the main contributor. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science has published the most articles in this field. Over the past 15 years, there has been exponential growth in the number of publications and citations in this field across various countries, organizations, and authors. Thus, this study illustrates the current trends, hotspots, and emerging frontiers and provides new insight and guidance for searching for new diagnostic biomarkers and clinical trials for glaucoma in the future. Furthermore, international collaborations can also be used to broaden and deepen the field of microRNAs in glaucoma research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jufang Huang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (R.Z.); (Y.T.)
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Banasaz B, Zamzam R, Aghadoost D, Golabchi K, Morshedi M, Bayat M, Sadri Nahand J, Sheida A, Eshraghi R, Rahimzadeh Z, Mosavi SG, Goleij P, Rezaee A, Mirzaei H. Evaluation of expression pattern of cellular miRNAs (let-7b, miR-29a, miR-126, miR-34a, miR-181a-5p) and IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154721. [PMID: 37591069 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) is a critical clinical and biological extracellular matrix systemic disorder. Despite the unknown nature of PEX etiopathogenesis, it is proven to be associated with various genes and factors. The present research focused on analyzing the expression of miR and inflammatory cytokines in PEX. Serum and aqueous humor (AH) were collected prior to cataract surgery or trabeculectomy from 99 participants (64 with PEX glaucoma, and 35 controls). Real-time PCR was used for assessing the expression pattern of some miRNAs namely let-7b, miR-29a, miR-126, miR-34a, and miR-181a-5p. ELISA was carried out to explore the transcription of some inflammatory cytokines such as TGF-β, TNF-α, and IL-6. The indication of our results was a significant enhancement in the expression of let-7, miR-34a, and miR-181a-5p in PEX in contrast to the control group. Notwithstanding a significant suppression in miR-29a, and miR-126 expression levels in PEX in contrast to the control group. Analysis of ROC curve revealed that miR-29a and miR-34a are able to act as useful markers in order to discriminate the PEX group from the PEX negative subjects which were determined as the control group. According to the results obtained, the mean levels of TGF-β, TNF-α, and IL-6 upregulated among PEX subjects in contrast to control samples. In conclusion, our findings indicated that the selected cytokines alongside the selected miRNAs could be introduced as a biomarker panel in the diagnosis of PEX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Banasaz
- Internal Medicine Department, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Razieh Zamzam
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Davood Aghadoost
- Department of Ophthalmology, General Ophthalmologist, Matini Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Khodayar Golabchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, General Ophthalmologist, Matini Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammadamin Morshedi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mobina Bayat
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reza Eshraghi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zoha Rahimzadeh
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Seyed Gholamabbas Mosavi
- Biostatistics Group, Health Faculty, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Aryan Rezaee
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Tan C, Shi W, Zhang Y, Liu C, Hu T, Chen D, Huang J. MiR-93-5p inhibits retinal neurons apoptosis by regulating PDCD4 in acute ocular hypertension model. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201732. [PMID: 37308277 PMCID: PMC10262076 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study focused on the effect of miR-93-5p on apoptosis of retinal neurons in acute ocular hypertension (AOH) model by regulating PDCD4 and explored its related mechanism. We detected that miR-93-5p expression was decreased and PDCD4 expression was increased in the AOH retina by qRT-PCR. Therefore, we explored the role of miR-93-5p and PDCD4. MiR-93-5p overexpression inhibited the apoptosis of retinal neurons and the expression of PDCD4 in vivo and in vitro. Inhibiting the expression of PDCD4 via transfected interfering RNA decreased the apoptosis of retinal cells and increased the expression of PI3K/Akt pathway-related proteins in vitro. However, the addition of PI3K protein inhibitor LY294002 reversed this effect, leading to a decrease of PI3K/Akt pathway protein expression and an increase of apoptosis-related protein Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio. Finally, up-regulating miR-93-5p or down-regulating PDCD4 increased the expression of PI3K/Akt pathway protein in vivo. In conclusion, under the condition of AOH injury, miR-93-5p-inhibiting PDCD4 expression reduced the apoptosis of retinal neurons by activating PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Tan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Wenjia Shi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tu Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China
| | - Jufang Huang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China
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Benavides-Aguilar JA, Morales-Rodríguez JI, Ambriz-González H, Ruiz-Manriquez LM, Banerjee A, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK, Paul S. The regulatory role of microRNAs in common eye diseases: A brief review. Front Genet 2023; 14:1152110. [PMID: 37065488 PMCID: PMC10090401 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1152110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved, small non-coding RNA molecules (∼21 nucleotides) that regulate numerous biological processes, including developmental timing, hematopoiesis, organogenesis, apoptosis, cell differentiation, and proliferation either by mRNA degradation or translation repression. Since eye physiology requires a perfect orchestration of complex regulatory networks, an altered expression of key regulatory molecules such as miRNAs potentially leads to numerous eye disorders. In recent years, comprehensive progress has been made in demonstrating the precise roles of miRNAs, emphasizing their potential use in diagnostic and therapeutic purposes of chronic human diseases. Thus, this review explicitly illustrates the regulatory roles of miRNAs in four common eye disorders, such as cataract, glaucoma, macular degeneration, and uveitis, and their application in disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luis M. Ruiz-Manriquez
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Queretaro, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Science, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
- *Correspondence: Surajit Pathak, ; Asim K. Duttaroy, ; Sujay Paul,
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- *Correspondence: Surajit Pathak, ; Asim K. Duttaroy, ; Sujay Paul,
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Queretaro, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Surajit Pathak, ; Asim K. Duttaroy, ; Sujay Paul,
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Chakraborty M, Rao A. Alternate Causes for Pathogenesis of Exfoliation Glaucoma, a Multifactorial Elastotic Disorder: A Literature Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1191-1202. [PMID: 35723301 PMCID: PMC8946964 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44030078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) is the most recognizable form of secondary open-angle glaucoma associated with a high risk of blindness. This disease is characterized by white flaky granular deposits in the anterior chamber that leads to the elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) and subsequent glaucomatous optic nerve damage. Conventionally, XFG is known to respond poorly to medical therapy, and surgical intervention is the only management option in most cases. Various genetic and nongenetic factors are known to be linked to the development of XFG. Despite decades of research on the genetic factors in exfoliation syndrome (XFS) by study groups and global consortia involving different ethnic populations, the pathogenesis of XFS and the mechanism of onset of glaucoma still remains an unsolved mystery. The key lies in understanding how the function of a gene (or set of genes) is altered by environmental triggers, along with other molecular events that underlie the key disease attributes, namely, oxidative stress and the disruption of the blood–aqueous barrier (BAB). It remains a challenge to evolve a theory encompassing all factions of molecular events occurring independently or parallelly that determine the disease manifestation (phenotype) or the stage of the disease in the eye (or in any tissue) in exfoliation. Our enhanced understanding of the underlying molecular pathophysiology of XFG, beyond the known genes or polymorphisms involved in the disease, will lead to improved diagnosis and management and the ability to recognize how the environment influences these key events that lead to the disease phenotype or disease progression. This review summarizes the recent observations and discoveries of four key factors that may hold the answers to the non-lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1) mechanisms behind XFG pathogenesis, namely, the epigenetic factor miRNA, disordered autophagy along with the potential involvement of mitochondrial mutations, and a compromised aqueous–blood barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munmun Chakraborty
- Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation (HERF), L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India;
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Aparna Rao
- Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation (HERF), L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India;
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
- Correspondence:
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Greene KM, Stamer WD, Liu Y. The role of microRNAs in glaucoma. Exp Eye Res 2022; 215:108909. [PMID: 34968473 PMCID: PMC8923961 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive summary of the various microRNAs (miRNAs) shown to be involved in glaucoma and intraocular pressure regulation. miRNAs are short, single-stranded, and noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression in a number of physiological conditions and human diseases, including glaucoma. Numerous miRNAs display differential expression in glaucoma-affected tissues, such as aqueous humor, tears, trabecular meshwork, and retina analyzed from patients and animal models, suggesting their potential involvement in glaucoma pathogenesis. Several studies summarized here have also investigated the challenge of delivering intact miRNAs to target tissues in order to develop miRNA-based glaucoma therapies. We extend these reports by conducting an additional layer of analysis that integrates the interaction between glaucoma-related miRNAs and glaucoma-associated genes. We conclude with a comprehensive discussion of the therapeutic potential of miRNAs, the cellular pathways that link these miRNAs together, and the most promising miRNAs for future glaucoma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karah M. Greene
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd CB1101, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - W. Daniel Stamer
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 2351 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd CB1101, Augusta, GA 30912, United States.,Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, United States,James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd CB1101, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
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10
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Xu K, Li S, Yang Q, Zhou Z, Fu M, Yang X, Hao K, Liu Y, Ji H. MicroRNA-145-5p targeting of TRIM2 mediates the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in glaucoma. J Gene Med 2021; 23:e3378. [PMID: 34291866 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is accumulating evidence to suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with the progressive optic neuropathy including glaucoma. Apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is a hallmark of glaucoma. The present study focused on the effects of miR-145-5p on RGC apoptosis in glaucoma. METHODS We established a glaucoma rat model by intraocular injection of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA). RGCs were isolated from newborn rats and treated with NMDA. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to detect morphological changes in the retinas of rats. The expression of miR-145-5p and tripartite motif-containing 2 (TRIM2) in RGCs was measured by RT-qPCR. The viability of RGCs was measured by MTT assay. Flow cytometry analysis and TUNEL assays were conducted to assess the apoptosis of RGCs. The interaction between miR-145-5p and TRIM2 was investigated using a luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Rats injected with NMDA showed a thinner ganglion cell layer (GCL) and inner plexiform layer (IPL) as well as increased expression of miR-145-5p. Silencing of miR-145-5p significantly increased the GCL and IPL in the glaucoma rat model. Moreover, miR-145-5p expression was upregulated in RGCs ex vivo in response to NMDA. Silencing of miR-145-5p promoted cell viability and suppressed apoptosis in NMDA-treated RGCs. Mechanistically, miR-145-5p targeted the TRIM2 3' untranslated region to suppress its expression. TRIM2 was upregulated in NMDA-treated RGCs and protected RGCs against NMDA-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, miR-145-5p suppressed the PI3K/AKT pathway by downregulating TRIM2 in NMDA-treated RGCs. CONCLUSIONS Suppression of miR-145-5p inhibited the apoptosis of RGCs via TRIM2-mediated activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in NMDA-induced glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taizhou Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sizhen Li
- Department of Nanjing Tongren Eye Center, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingsong Yang
- Department of Nanjing Tongren Eye Center, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zixiu Zhou
- Department of Nanjing Tongren Eye Center, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Fu
- Department of Nanjing Tongren Eye Center, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Department of Nanjing Tongren Eye Center, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kuanxiao Hao
- Department of Nanjing Tongren Eye Center, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yating Liu
- Department of Nanjing Tongren Eye Center, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Heqing Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Zhang J, Wang Y. Altered Expression of Extracellular Vesicles miRNAs from Primary Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells Induced by Transforming Growth Factor-β2. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:988-997. [PMID: 34061659 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.6298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is tightly related with extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling of human trabecular meshwork cells (HTMCs). Transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) can induce ECM remodeling. The aim of the study was to investigate the microRNAs (miRNAs) expression changes of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from HTMCs treated with TGF-β2. EVs were isolated from HTMCs supernatant cultured for 24 h with TGF-β2. The morphology of EVs pellets was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Nanoparticle tracking analysis used to demonstrate the particle size distribution. Total EVs RNAs were extracted for subsequent miRNA gene chip analysis to investigate differentially expressed miRNAs between the controls and treatment cells. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were used to predict potential target and validate possible functions of the miRNAs. There were 23 miRNAs upregulated and 3 miRNAs downregulated and 469,102, and 94 GO terms involved in biological processes, cellular components, and molecular function for the possible functions of the 26 miRNAs. These findings indicate that TGF-β2 may alter EVs miRNAs expression to participate in the pathogenesis of POAG. They may provide significant information for potential biomarkers for POAG diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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12
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Liu H, Xiu Y, Zhang Q, Xu Y, Wan Q, Tao L. Silencing microRNA‑29b‑3p expression protects human trabecular meshwork cells against oxidative injury via upregulation of RNF138 to activate the ERK pathway. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:101. [PMID: 33907817 PMCID: PMC8054636 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the potential involvement of numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) in glaucoma has been widely reported. However, the role of microRNA-29b-3p (miR-29b-3p) in the pathogenesis of glaucoma remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the biological role and regulatory mechanism of miR-29b-3p in the oxidative injury of human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells induced by H2O2 stimulation. By establishing a glaucoma rat model, the effects of miR-29-3p in glaucoma were detected in vivo. Our findings demonstrated that miR-29b-3p was upregulated in a glaucoma model and antagomiR-29b-3p alleviated the symptoms of glaucoma. In vitro assays revealed that miR-29b-3p expression was significantly upregulated in HTM cells with H2O2 stimulation. Knockdown of miR-29b-3p alleviated H2O2-induced oxidative injury in HTM cells by promoting cell viability, and inhibiting cell apoptosis, reactive oxygen species generation and extracellular matrix production. Subsequently, it was found that E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF138 (RNF138) was a downstream target of miR-29b-3p. RNF138 expression was downregulated in HTM cells with H2O2 stimulation. RNF138 knockdown significantly rescued the protective effect of miR-29b-3p inhibitor on HTM cells under oxidative injury. Additionally, miR-29b-3p silencing activated the ERK pathway via upregulating RNF138. Collectively, silencing of miR-29b-3p protected HTM cells against oxidative injury by upregulation of RNF138 to activate the ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heting Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Yanghui Xiu
- Eye Institute and Xiamen Eye Center, Affiliated Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Liming Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
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13
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Tabak S, Schreiber-Avissar S, Beit-Yannai E. Crosstalk between MicroRNA and Oxidative Stress in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2421. [PMID: 33670885 PMCID: PMC7957693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), a chronic neurodegenerative disease that damages the trabecular meshwork (TM) cells, inducing apoptosis of the retinal ganglion cells (RGC), deteriorating the optic nerve head, and leading to blindness. Aqueous humor (AH) outflow resistance and intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation contribute to disease progression. Nevertheless, despite the existence of pharmacological and surgical treatments, there is room for the development of additional treatment approaches. The following review is aimed at investigating the role of different microRNAs (miRNAs) in the expression of genes and proteins involved in the regulation of inflammatory and degenerative processes, focusing on the delicate balance of synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) regulated by chronic oxidative stress in POAG related tissues. The neutralizing activity of a couple of miRNAs was described, suggesting effective downregulation of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic signaling pathways, including nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB), transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2), Wnt/β-Catenin, and PI3K/AKT. In addition, with regards to the elevated IOP in many POAG patients due to increased outflow resistance, Collagen type I degradation was stimulated by some miRNAs and prevented ECM deposition in TM cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction as a consequence of oxidative stress was suppressed following exposure to different miRNAs. In contrast, increased oxidative damage by inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway was described as part of the action of selected miRNAs. Summarizing, specific miRNAs may be promising therapeutic targets for lowering or preventing oxidative stress injury in POAG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elie Beit-Yannai
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (S.T.); (S.S.-A.)
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14
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Rong R, Wang M, You M, Li H, Xia X, Ji D. Pathogenesis and prospects for therapeutic clinical application of noncoding RNAs in glaucoma: Systematic perspectives. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7097-7116. [PMID: 33634475 PMCID: PMC8451868 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Noncoding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) are an increasingly studied class of RNA molecules with extensive biological activities, including important roles in human development, health, and disease. Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease of the retina, and one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. However, the specific roles of ncRNAs in the development and progression of glaucoma are unclear, and related reports are fragmented. An in‐depth understanding of ncRNAs participating in the pathogenesis and progression of glaucoma would be helpful for opening up new avenues to facilitate the early diagnosis and clinical treatment. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to discuss the current research progress, the potentialfuture clinical applications and the research limitations of three critical classes of ncRNAs in glaucoma, namely microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Rong
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengxiao Wang
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengling You
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Ji
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
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15
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Abstract
The transcription factor NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) triggers homeostatic responses against a plethora of environmental or endogenous deviations in redox metabolism, inflammation, proteostasis, etc. Therefore, pharmacological activation of NRF2 is a promising therapeutic strategy for several chronic diseases that are underlined by low-grade oxidative inflammation and dysregulation of redox metabolism, such as neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. While NRF2 activation is useful in inhibiting carcinogenesis, its inhibition is needed in constituted tumors where NRF2 provides a survival advantage in the challenging tumor niche. This review describes the electrophilic and non-electrophilic NRF2 activators with clinical projection in various chronic diseases. We also analyze the status of NRF2 inhibitors, which are for the moment in a proof-of-concept stage. Advanced in silico screening and medicinal chemistry are expected to provide new or repurposing small molecules with increased potential for fostering the development of targeted NRF2 modulators. The nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NFE2)-related factor 2 (NRF2) is rapidly degraded by proteasomes under a basal condition in a Keap1-dependent manner. ROS oxidatively modifies Keap1 to release NRF2 and allow its nuclear translocation. Here it binds to the antioxidant response element to regulate gene transcription. An alternative mechanism controlling NRF2 stability is glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3)-induced phosphorylation. Indicated in blue are NRF2-activating and NRF2-inhibiting drugs.
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16
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Youngblood H, Cai J, Drewry MD, Helwa I, Hu E, Liu S, Yu H, Mu H, Hu Y, Perkumas K, Aboobakar IF, Johnson WM, Stamer WD, Liu Y. Expression of mRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs in Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells Upon Mechanical Stretch. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:2. [PMID: 32392310 PMCID: PMC7405621 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.5.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Intraocular pressure (IOP), the primary risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma, is determined by resistance to aqueous outflow through the trabecular meshwork (TM). IOP homeostasis relies on TM responses to mechanical stretch. To model the effects of elevated IOP on the TM, this study sought to identify coding and non-coding RNAs differentially expressed in response to mechanical stretch. Methods Monolayers of TM cells from non-glaucomatous donors (n = 5) were cultured in the presence or absence of 15% mechanical stretch, 1 cycle/second, for 24 hours using a computer-controlled Flexcell unit. We profiled mRNAs and lncRNAs with stranded total RNA sequencing and microRNA (miRNA) expression with NanoString-based miRNA assays. We used two-tailed paired t-tests for mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and the Bioconductor limma package for miRNAs. Gene ontology and pathway analyses were performed with WebGestalt. miRNA–mRNA interactions were identified using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis Integrative miRNA Target Finder software. Validation of differential expression was conducted using droplet digital PCR. Results We identified 219 mRNAs, 42 miRNAs, and 387 lncRNAs with differential expression in TM cells upon cyclic mechanical stretch. Pathway analysis indicated significant enrichment of genes involved in steroid biosynthesis, glycerolipid metabolism, and extracellular matrix–receptor interaction. We also identified several miRNA master regulators (miR-125a-5p, miR-30a-5p, and miR-1275) that regulate several mechanoresponsive genes. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the differential expression of coding and non-coding RNAs in a single set of cells subjected to cyclic mechanical stretch. Our results validate previously identified, as well as novel, genes and pathways.
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17
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Moschos MM, Dettoraki M, Karekla A, Lamprinakis I, Damaskos C, Gouliopoulos N, Tibilis M, Gazouli M. Polymorphism analysis of miR182 and CDKN2B genes in Greek patients with primary open angle glaucoma. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233692. [PMID: 32492046 PMCID: PMC7269255 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy resulting from retinal ganglion cells death; it represents one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Although, primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common type of the disease, the pathogenesis of POAG and the genetic factors contributing to disease development remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the polymorphisms rs76481776 in miR182 gene and rs3217992 in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-2B (CDKN2B) gene are risk factors for POAG in a series of patients of Greek origin. A case-control study was conducted including 120 patients with POAG and 113 unaffected healthy controls of Greek origin, surveyed for polymorphisms with potential correlation to POAG. DNA from each individual was tested for the miR182 rs76481776 and CDKN2B rs3217992 polymorphisms. Regarding the miR182 rs76481776 polymorphism, the T allele occurred with significantly higher frequency in POAG patients compared to controls (OR: 2.62, 95% CI: 1.56-4.39; p = 0.0002). The CDKN2B rs3217992 A allele frequency was found significantly increased in POAG patients compared to healthy individuals (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.18-2.49; p = 0.005). Therefore, both rs76481776 polymorphism in miR182 gene and rs3217992 polymorphism in CDKN2B gene seem to be associated with the development of POAG in a Greek population. The carriers of the T allele of rs76481776 in miR182 and the carriers of the A allele of rs3217992 in CDKN2B have an increased risk of developing POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilita M. Moschos
- 1st Department of Ophthalmology, "G. Gennimatas" General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Dettoraki
- 1st Department of Ophthalmology, "G. Gennimatas" General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aggela Karekla
- Department of Ophthalmology, “Evangelismos” General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Lamprinakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, “Evangelismos” General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Damaskos
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, “Laiko” General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Gouliopoulos
- 1st Department of Ophthalmology, "G. Gennimatas" General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marios Tibilis
- 1st Department of Ophthalmology, "G. Gennimatas" General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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18
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Potential Protective and Therapeutic Roles of the Nrf2 Pathway in Ocular Diseases: An Update. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9410952. [PMID: 32273949 PMCID: PMC7125500 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9410952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor- (erythroid-derived 2-) like 2 (Nrf2) is a regulator of many processes of life, and it plays an important role in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic responses and in cancer. This review is focused on the potential mechanism of Nrf2 in the occurrence and development of ocular diseases. Also, several Nrf2 inducers, including noncoding RNAs and exogenous compounds, which control the expression of Nrf2 through different pathways, are discussed in ocular disease models and ocular cells, protecting them from dysfunctional changes. Therefore, Nrf2 might be a potential target of protecting ocular cells from various stresses and preventing ocular diseases.
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19
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Wang M, Li J, Zheng Y. The Potential Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) in Glaucoma: A Review. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e921514. [PMID: 31949124 PMCID: PMC6986212 DOI: 10.12659/msm.921514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) acts as a regulator of many biological processes and plays an essential role in preventing oxidation, inflammation, and fibrosis. In the past 20 years, there has been increasing research on the role of Nrf2 and oxidative stress in human glaucoma, including the roles of inflammation, trabecular meshwork cells, retinal ganglion cells, Tenon's capsule, antioxidants, fibrosis, and noncoding RNAs. Studies have shown that the upregulation of Nrf2 can reduce damage from oxidative stress in the trabecular meshwork cells and the retinal ganglion cells, reduce fibrosis in Tenon's capsule fibroblasts, which may reduce the progression of fibrosis after surgery for glaucoma. The regulatory roles of Nrf2, microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and exogenous compounds on trabecular meshwork cells (TMCs) and retinal ganglion cells have also been studied. The use of Nrf2 agonists, including noncoding RNAs, control the expression of Nrf2 through signaling pathways that continue to be investigated to identify effective treatments to improve clinical outcome following surgery for glaucoma. This review of publications between 1999 and 2019 aims to focus on the potential mechanisms of Nrf2 in the occurrence and development of glaucoma and the prognosis following surgical treatment. Also, several factors that induce the expression of Nrf2 in trabecular meshwork cells, retinal ganglion cells, and human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Yajuan Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
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20
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Liu HN, Tang XM, Wang XQ, Gao J, Li N, Wang YY, Xia HF. MiR-93 Inhibits Trophoblast Cell Proliferation and Promotes Cell Apoptosis by Targeting BCL2L2 in Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:152-162. [DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00003-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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21
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Wang M, Zheng Y. Oxidative stress and antioxidants in the trabecular meshwork. PeerJ 2019; 7:e8121. [PMID: 31788363 PMCID: PMC6883950 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is an age-dependent disease closely related to oxidative stress and is regarded as the second leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. In recent years, many studies have shown that morphological and functional abnormalities of the trabecular meshwork (TM) are closely related to glaucoma, especially with respect to oxidative stress. In this review, the mechanisms of oxidative stress in the TM and treatment strategies for this condition, including strategies involving antioxidants, noncoding RNAs and exogenous compounds, are discussed. Although many questions remain to be answered, the reviewed findings provide insights for further research on oxidative stress alleviation in glaucoma and suggest new targets for glaucoma prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, 2nd hospital affiliated to Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yajuan Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, 2nd hospital affiliated to Jilin University, Changchun, China
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22
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Wang X, Li Z, Bai J, Song W, Zhang F. miR‑17‑5p regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of human trabecular meshwork cells by targeting phosphatase and tensin homolog. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:3132-3138. [PMID: 30816540 PMCID: PMC6423565 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness. Previous studies have indicated that the oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of trabecular meshwork cells (TMCs) may serve a key role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma, and that micro RNA(miR)-17-5p may be involved in this process. However, the specific mechanisms require further investigation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of miR-17-5p on the proliferation and apoptosis of human TMCs (HTMCs) in response to oxidative stress. It was observed that exposure to H2O2 induced a significant decrease in the proliferation and a marked increase in the apoptosis of HTMCs. H2O2 exposure also suppressed the expression of miR-17-5p and promoted the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). Furthermore, transient overexpression of miR-17-5p induced a significant increase in the proliferation and a significant decrease in the apoptosis of HTMCs by affecting the expression of PTEN, and the apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). However, knockdown of miR-17-5p demonstrated the opposite results. The results of a dual luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that PTEN may be a direct target of miR-17-5p. In conclusion, miR-17-5p was downregulated in HTMCs under oxidative conditions, and miR-17-5p may regulate the apoptosis of HTMCs by targeting PTEN. These results provide a novel theoretical basis and potential therapeutic target for the treatment of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Zhijian Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Jie Bai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Wuqi Song
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Fengmin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
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23
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Huang T, Wan X, Alvarez AA, James CD, Song X, Yang Y, Sastry N, Nakano I, Sulman EP, Hu B, Cheng SY. MIR93 (microRNA -93) regulates tumorigenicity and therapy response of glioblastoma by targeting autophagy. Autophagy 2019; 15:1100-1111. [PMID: 30654687 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1569947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a natural intracellular process that maintains cellular homeostasis and protects cells from death under stress conditions. Autophagy sustains tumor survival and growth when induced by common cancer treatments, including IR and cytotoxic chemotherapy, thereby contributing to therapeutic resistance of tumors. In this study, we report that the expression of MIR93, noted in two clinically relevant tumor subtypes of GBM, influenced GSC phenotype as well as tumor response to therapy through its effects on autophagy. Our mechanistic studies revealed that MIR93 regulated autophagic activities in GSCs through simultaneous inhibition of multiple autophagy regulators, including BECN1/Beclin 1, ATG5, ATG4B, and SQSTM1/p62. Moreover, two first-line treatments for GBM, IR and temozolomide (TMZ), as well as rapamycin (Rap), the prototypic MTOR inhibitor, decreased MIR93 expression that, in turn, stimulated autophagic processes in GSCs. Inhibition of autophagy by ectopic MIR93 expression, or via autophagy inhibitors NSC (an ATG4B inhibitor) and CQ, enhanced the activity of IR and TMZ against GSCs. Collectively, our findings reveal a key role for MIR93 in the regulation of autophagy and suggest a combination treatment strategy involving the inhibition of autophagy while administering cytotoxic therapy. Abbreviations: ACTB: actin beta; ATG4B: autophagy related 4B cysteine peptidase; ATG5: autophagy related 5; BECN1: beclin 1; CL: classical; CQ: chloroquine diphosphate; CSCs: cancer stem cells; GBM: glioblastoma; GSCs: glioma stem-like cells; HEK: human embryonic kidney; IB: immunoblotting; IF: immunofluorescent staining; IR: irradiation; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MES: mesenchymal; MIR93: microRNA 93; MIRC: a control miRNA; miRNA/miR: microRNA; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NSC: NSC185085; PN: proneural; qRT-PCR: quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; Rap: rapamycin; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TCGA: the cancer genome atlas; TMZ: temozolomide; WT: wild type; ZIP93: lentiviral miRZIP targeting MIR93; ZIPC: lentiviral miRZip targeting control miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhi Huang
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Xuechao Wan
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Angel A Alvarez
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - C David James
- b Department of Neurological Surgery , Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Xiao Song
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Yongyong Yang
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Namratha Sastry
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- c Department of Neurosurgery , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , AL , USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- d Department of Radiation Oncology , The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Bo Hu
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
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Saccà SC, Corazza P, Gandolfi S, Ferrari D, Sukkar S, Iorio EL, Traverso CE. Substances of Interest That Support Glaucoma Therapy. Nutrients 2019; 11:E239. [PMID: 30678262 PMCID: PMC6412416 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a multifactorial disease in which pro-apoptotic signals are directed to retinal ganglion cells. During this disease the conventional outflow pathway becomes malfunctioning. Aqueous humour builds up in the anterior chamber, leading to increased intraocular pressure. Both of these events are related to functional impairment. The knowledge of molecular mechanisms allows us to better understand the usefulness of substances that can support anti-glaucoma therapy. The goal of glaucoma therapy is not simply to lower intraocular pressure; it should also be to facilitate the survival of retinal ganglion cells, as these constitute the real target tissue in this disease, in which the visual pathway is progressively compromised. Indeed, an endothelial dysfunction syndrome affecting the endothelial cells of the trabecular meshwork occurs in both normal-tension glaucoma and high-tension glaucoma. Some substances, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, can counteract the damage due to the molecular mechanisms - whether ischemic, oxidative, inflammatory or other - that underlie the pathogenesis of glaucoma. In this review, we consider some molecules, such as polyphenols, that can contribute, not only theoretically, to neuroprotection but which are also able to counteract the metabolic pathways that lead to glaucomatous damage. Ginkgo biloba extract, for instance, improves the blood supply to peripheral districts, including the optic nerve and retina and exerts a neuro-protective action by inhibiting apoptosis. Polyunsaturated fatty acids can protect the endothelium and polyphenols exert an anti-inflammatory action through the down-regulation of cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. All these substances can aid anti-glaucoma therapy by providing metabolic support for the cells involved in glaucomatous injury. Indeed, it is known that the food we eat is able to change our gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Claudio Saccà
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Head/Neck Pathologies, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, IRCCS Hospital-University San Martino, Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Paolo Corazza
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Genoa, Policlinico San Martino Hospital IRCCS Hospital-University San Martino, Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Stefano Gandolfi
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Biological, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy.
| | - Daniele Ferrari
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Head/Neck Pathologies, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, IRCCS Hospital-University San Martino, Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Samir Sukkar
- U.O. di Dietetica e Nutrizione Clinica, Policlinico San Martino Hospital IRCCS Hospital-University San Martino, 35122 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Eugenio Luigi Iorio
- International Observatory of Oxidative Stress, Via Paolo Grisignano 21, 84127 Salerno, Italy.
| | - Carlo Enrico Traverso
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Genoa, Policlinico San Martino Hospital IRCCS Hospital-University San Martino, Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
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25
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Chatzikyriakidou A, Founti P, Melidou A, Minti F, Bouras E, Anastasopoulos E, Pappas T, Haidich AB, Lambropoulos A, Topouzis F. MicroRNA-related polymorphisms in pseudoexfoliation syndrome, pseudoexfoliative glaucoma, and primary open-angle glaucoma. Ophthalmic Genet 2018; 39:603-609. [DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2018.1509352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthoula Chatzikyriakidou
- Laboratory of Medical Biology - Genetics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panayiota Founti
- Laboratory of Research and Clinical Applications in Ophthalmology, 1st Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Glaucoma, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Angeliki Melidou
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Fani Minti
- Laboratory of Medical Biology - Genetics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Bouras
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Anastasopoulos
- Laboratory of Research and Clinical Applications in Ophthalmology, 1st Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theofanis Pappas
- Laboratory of Research and Clinical Applications in Ophthalmology, 1st Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anna-Bettina Haidich
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Lambropoulos
- Laboratory of Medical Biology - Genetics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Fotis Topouzis
- Laboratory of Research and Clinical Applications in Ophthalmology, 1st Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Ruibin W, Zheng X, Chen J, Zhang X, Yang X, Lin Y. Micro RNA-1298 opposes the effects of chronic oxidative stress on human trabecular meshwork cells via targeting on EIF4E3. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 100:349-357. [PMID: 29453044 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect and potential mechanism of miR-1298 in the progression of human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS Expression of miR-1298 was assessed by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR), as well as in HTM-1 and HTM-2 cells. Mature miR-1298 mimic, miR-1298 inhibitor, and si-EIF4E3 and their corresponding controls were transfected into HTM-1 and HTM-2 to obtain stable HTM cells. Luciferase reporter assay was used to verify regulation between miR-1298 and EIF4E3. Cytotoxicity and Oxidative damage were assessed using commercial kits, and apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry. ECM and apoptosis related factors were determined using qRT-PCR and western blotting, as well as the pathway related factors. RESULTS The expression of miR-1298 was significantly decreased both in glaucoma and HTM cells. MiR-1298 mimic could significantly inhibit the increase of cytotoxicity, apoptosis, accumulation of carbonylated proteins and ECM induced by COS, but miR-1298 inhibitor could obviously promote the increase effects caused by COS in HTM cells. EIF4E3 was a downstream target of miR-1298. Sliced EIF4E3 could significantly inhibit the increase effects induced miR-1298 inhibitor in HTM cells under COS. The expression levels of TGF-β2 and Smad4 were significantly increased, and Wnt3a and β-cantenin were obviously decreased under COS, and miR-1298 inhibitor could markedly promote this increase effect, while sliced EIF4E3 could reverse the effect of miR-1298 under COS. CONCLUSIONS miR-1298 could protect HTM cells to against damage caused by COS via inhibiting TGF-β2/Smad4 pathway and activating canonical Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Ruibin
- Department of Ophthalmolog, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515000, China.
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmolog, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515000, China
| | - Jiaying Chen
- Department of Ophthalmolog, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515000, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmolog, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515000, China
| | - Xiayin Yang
- Department of Ophthalmolog, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515000, China
| | - Yuxian Lin
- Department of Ophthalmolog, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515000, China
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Wang N, Zhang L, Lu Y, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Wang K, Lv J. Down-regulation of microRNA-142-5p attenuates oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation-induced neuron injury through up-regulating Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:1187-1195. [PMID: 28320085 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in regulating neuron survival during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. miR-142-5p is reported to be an important regulator of cellular survival. However, little is known about the role of miR-142-5p in regulating neuron survival during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. In this study, we aimed to investigate the precise function and mechanism of miR-142-5p in the regulation of neuron ischemia/reperfusion injury using a cellular model of oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced injury in hippocampal neurons in vitro. We found that miR-142-5p was induced in hippocampal neurons with OGD/R treatment. The inhibition of miR-142-5p attenuated OGD/R-induced cell injury and oxidative stress, whereas the overexpression of miR-142-5p aggravated them. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was identified as a target gene of miR-142-5p. Moreover, miR-142-5p regulated Nrf2 expression and downstream signaling. Knockdown of Nrf2 abolished the protective effects of miR-142-5p suppression. In addition, we showed an inverse correlation relationship between miR-142-5p and Nrf2 in an in vivo model of middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Taken together, these results suggest that miR-142-5p contributes to OGD/R-induced cell injury and the down-regulation of miR-142-5p attenuates OGD/R-induced neuron injury through promoting Nrf2 expression. Our study provides a novel insight into understanding the molecular pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and indicates a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Lingmin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Mingxin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Zhenni Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Jianrui Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China.
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