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Cassuto J, Folestad A, Göthlin J, Malchau H, Kärrholm J. The importance of BMPs and TGF-βs for endochondral bone repair - A longitudinal study in hip arthroplasty patients. Bone Rep 2023; 19:101723. [PMID: 38047271 PMCID: PMC10690547 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osseointegration of hip implants, although a decade-long process, shows striking similarities with the four major phases of endochondral bone repair. In the current study we investigated the spatiotemporal involvement of bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and transforming growth factor betas (TGF-βs) throughout the process of bone repair leading to successfully osseointegrated hip implants. Materials and methods Twenty-four patients that had undergone primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) due to one-sided osteoarthritis (OA) were investigated during a period of 18 years (Y) with repeated measurements of plasma biomarkers as well as clinical and radiological variables. All implants were clinically and radiographically well anchored throughout the follow-up. Eighty-one healthy donors divided in three gender- and age-matched groups and twenty OA patients awaiting THA, served as controls. Plasma was analyzed for BMP-1, -2, -3, -4, -6, -7 -9 and TGF-β1, -β2, -β3 by use of a high-sensitivity and wide dynamic range electrochemiluminescence technique allowing for detection of minor changes. Results Spatiotemporal changes during the follow-up are presented in the context of the four phases of endochondral bone repair shown in earlier studies and transposed to the current study based on similarities in biomarker responses. Phase 1: Primary proinflammatory phase lasting from surgery until day 7, Phase 2: Chondrogenic phase from day 7 until 18 months postsurgery, Phase 3: Secondary proinflammatory and cartilage remodeling phase lasting from 18 months until 7Y, Phase 4: coupled bone remodeling from 7Y until 18Y postsurgery. BMP-1 increased sharply shortly after surgery and remained significantly above healthy during the chondrocyte recruitment, proliferation, and hypertrophy phases with a subsequent return to control level at 5Y postsurgery. BMP-2 was above healthy controls before surgery and 1 day after surgery before decreasing to control level and remaining there throughout the follow-up. BMP-3 was at control level from presurgery until 6M after surgery when it increased to a peak at 2Y during the cartilage hypertrophy phase followed by a gradual decrease to control level at 10Y during the phase of bone formation. In the following, BMP-3 decreased below controls to a nadir 15Y postsurgery during coupled bone remodeling. BMP-4 was at control level from presurgery until 10Y postsurgery when it increased to a sharp peak at 15Y after surgery followed by a return to the level of healthy at 18Y. BMP-6 did not differ from healthy during the follow-up. BMP-7 was at control level from presurgery until 1Y postsurgery before gradually increasing to a peak at 10Y during the early phase of osteogenesis with a gradual return to control level at 18Y during the phase of coupled bone remodeling. BMP-9 was above OA before surgery followed by a decrease to basal level on day 1 after surgery and a renewed increase to a plateau above controls lasting from 6 W until returning to the level of healthy at 18Y postsurgery, i.e., throughout the phases of cartilage formation, cartilage hypertrophy and remodeling, bone formation and coupled bone remodeling. TGF-β1 was above controls presurgery before decreasing to baseline shortly after surgery followed by a renewed increase at 6 M to a peak at 2Y during cartilage hypertrophy/remodeling followed by a gradual return to baseline at 10Y during early osteoblastogenesis. TGF-β2 was at control level from presurgery until the phase of cartilage remodeling at 5Y when it increased sharply to a peak at 7Y with a gradual return to baseline at 18Y postsurgery. TGF-β3 remained at control level throughout the study. Conclusion This study shows that the involvement of BMPs and TGF-βs in endochondral bone repair is a process of stepwise recruitment of individual biomarkers characterized by distinct, yet overlaping, spatiotemporal patterns that extend from the early phase of pre-chondrocyte recruitment until the late phase of coupled bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Cassuto
- Orthopedic Research Unit & Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Institution of Clinical Sciences, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Agnetha Folestad
- Department of Orthopedics, CapioLundby Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jan Göthlin
- Department of Radiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Institution of Clinical Sciences, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Malchau
- Orthopedic Research Unit & Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Johan Kärrholm
- Orthopedic Research Unit & Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Institution of Clinical Sciences, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
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Li Z, Wen X, Li N, Zhong C, Chen L, Zhang F, Zhang G, Lyu A, Liu J. The roles of hepatokine and osteokine in liver-bone crosstalk: Advance in basic and clinical aspects. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1149233. [PMID: 37091847 PMCID: PMC10117885 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1149233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Both the liver and bone are important secretory organs in the endocrine system. By secreting organ factors (hepatokines), the liver regulates the activity of other organs. Similarly, bone-derived factors, osteokines, are created during bone metabolism and act in an endocrine manner. Generally, the dysregulation of hepatokines is frequently accompanied by changes in bone mass, and osteokines can also disrupt liver metabolism. The crosstalk between the liver and bone, particularly the function and mechanism of hepatokines and osteokines, has increasingly gained notoriety as a topic of interest in recent years. Here, based on preclinical and clinical evidence, we summarize the potential roles of hepatokines and osteokines in liver-bone interaction, discuss the current shortcomings and contradictions, and make recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanghao Li
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases (TMBJ), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoxin Wen
- Department of Anatomy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Nanxi Li
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases (TMBJ), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chuanxin Zhong
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases (TMBJ), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Li Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases (TMBJ), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Aiping Lyu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases (TMBJ), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jin Liu, ; Aiping Lyu,
| | - Jin Liu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases (TMBJ), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jin Liu, ; Aiping Lyu,
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Malakoti F, Zare F, Zarezadeh R, Raei Sadigh A, Sadeghpour A, Majidinia M, Yousefi B, Alemi F. The role of melatonin in bone regeneration: A review of involved signaling pathways. Biochimie 2022; 202:56-70. [PMID: 36007758 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Increasing bone resorption followed by decreasing bone mineralization are hallmarks of bone degeneration, which mostly occurs in the elderly population and post-menopausal women. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has raised many promises in the field of bone regeneration due to their high osteoblastic differentiation capacity and easy availability from abundant sources. A variety of compounds, including growth factors, cytokines, and other internal factors, have been combined with MSCs to increase their osteoblastic differentiation capacity. One of these factors is melatonin, whose possible regulatory role in bone metabolism and formation has recently been suggested by many studies. Melatonin also is a potential signaling molecule and can affect many of the signaling pathways involved in MSCs osteoblastic differentiation, such as activation of PI3K/AKT, BMP/Smad, MAPK, NFkB, Nrf2/HO-1, Wnt, SIRT/SOD, PERK/ATF4. Furthermore, melatonin in combination with other components such as strontium, vitamin D3, and vitamin K2 has a synergistic effect on bone microstructure and improves bone mineral density (BMD). In this review article, we aim to summarize the regulatory mechanisms of melatonin in osteoblastic differentiation of MSCs and underling involved signaling pathways as well as the clinical potential of using melatonin in bone degenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Malakoti
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farshad Zare
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Zarezadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aydin Raei Sadigh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Sadeghpour
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine and Shohada Educational Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Forough Alemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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BMP9 reduces age-related bone loss in mice by inhibiting osteoblast senescence through Smad1-Stat1-P21 axis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:254. [PMID: 35523787 PMCID: PMC9076651 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Age-related osteoporosis is characterized by the accumulation of senescent osteoblastic cells in bone microenvironment and significantly reduced osteogenic differentiation. Clearing of the senescent cells is helpful to improve bone formation in aged mice. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), a multifunctional protein produced and secreted by liver, was reported to improve osteoporosis caused by estrogen withdrawal. However, the mechanism of BMP9 has not been fully elucidated, and its effect on senile osteoporosis has not been reported. This study reveals that BMP9 significantly increases bone mass and improves bone biomechanical properties in aged mice. Furthermore, BMP9 reduces expression of senescent genes in bone microenvironment, accompanied by decreased senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs) such as Ccl5, Mmp9, Hmgb1, Nfkb1, and Vcam1. In vitro, Bmp9 treatment inhibits osteoblast senescence through activating Smad1, which suppresses the transcriptional activity of Stat1, thereby inhibits P21 expression and SASPs production. Furthermore, inhibiting the Smad1 signal in vivo can reverse the inhibitory effect of BMP9 on Stat1 and downstream senescent genes, which eliminates the protection of BMP9 on age-related osteoporosis. These findings highlight the critical role of BMP9 on reducing age-related bone loss by inhibiting osteoblast senescence through Smad1-Stat1-P21 axis. BMP9 inhibits cellular senescence by activation of Smad1, which suppresses the transcription of Stat1, resulting in decreased P21 expression and SASPs production in osteoblast. The anti-aging effect of BMP9 is benefit to improving age-related osteoporosis.![]()
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Zhu L, Liu Y, Wang A, Zhu Z, Li Y, Zhu C, Che Z, Liu T, Liu H, Huang L. Application of BMP in Bone Tissue Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:810880. [PMID: 35433652 PMCID: PMC9008764 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.810880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, bone nonunion and delayed union are still difficult problems in orthopaedics. Since the discovery of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), it has been widely used in various studies due to its powerful role in promoting osteogenesis and chondrogenesis. Current results show that BMPs can promote healing of bone defects and reduce the occurrence of complications. However, the mechanism of BMP in vivo still needs to be explored, and application of BMP alone to a bone defect site cannot achieve good therapeutic effects. It is particularly important to modify implants to carry BMP to achieve slow and sustained release effects by taking advantage of the nature of the implant. This review aims to explain the mechanism of BMP action in vivo, its biological function, and how BMP can be applied to orthopaedic implants to effectively stimulate bone healing in the long term. Notably, implantation of a system that allows sustained release of BMP can provide an effective method to treat bone nonunion and delayed bone healing in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Yuzhe Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhengqing Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Youbin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenyi Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenjia Che
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tengyue Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: He Liu, ; Lanfeng Huang,
| | - Lanfeng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: He Liu, ; Lanfeng Huang,
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Niikura T, Oda T, Jimbo N, Komatsu M, Oe K, Fukui T, Matsumoto T, Hayashi S, Matsushita T, Itoh T, Kuroda R. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the expression of bone morphogenetic proteins-4, 6, 7, and 9 in human induced membrane samples treated with the Masquelet technique. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:29. [PMID: 35033126 PMCID: PMC8760771 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-02922-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Induced membrane (IM) is the key component of Masquelet reconstruction surgery for the treatment of bone defects. IM is formed around the cement spacer and is known to secrete growth factors and osteoinductive factors. However, there is limited evidence available concerning the presence of osteoinductive factors in IM. This study aimed to investigate the existence of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in IM harvested from patients during the treatment of bone defects using the Masquelet technique. Methods This study involved six patients whose bone defects had been treated using the Masquelet technique. The affected sites were the femur (n = 3) and the tibia (n = 3). During the second-stage surgery, 1 cm2 pieces of IM were harvested. Histological sections of IM were immunostained with anti-BMP-4, 6, 7, and 9 antibodies. Human bone tissue served as the positive control. Results The presence of BMP-4, 6, 7, and 9 was observed in all IM samples. Further, immunolocalization of BMP-4, 6, 7, and 9 was observed in blood vessels and fibroblasts in all IM samples. Immunolocalization of BMP-4, 6, 7, and 9 was also observed in bone tissue within the IM in one sample, in which osteogenesis inside the IM was observed. Conclusions This study showed that osteoinductive factors BMP-4, 6, 7, and 9 were present in the IM harvested from patients, providing evidence indicating that the Masquelet technique effectively contributes to healing large bone defects. Therefore, it may be possible for surgeons to omit the addition of BMPs to bone grafts, given the endogenous secretion of BMPs from the IM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Niikura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Oda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Naoe Jimbo
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masato Komatsu
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Keisuke Oe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Fukui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takehiko Matsushita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomoo Itoh
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
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Chen Y, Ma B, Wang X, Zha X, Sheng C, Yang P, Qu S. Potential Functions of the BMP Family in Bone, Obesity, and Glucose Metabolism. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:6707464. [PMID: 34258293 PMCID: PMC8249130 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6707464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Characteristic bone metabolism was observed in obesity and diabetes with controversial conclusions. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity may manifest increased bone mineral density. Also, obesity is more easily to occur in T2DM. Therefore, we infer that some factors may be linked to bone and obesity as well as glucose metabolism, which regulate all of them. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), belonging to the transforming growth factor- (TGF-) beta superfamily, regulate a diverse array of cellular functions during development and in the adult. More and more studies revealed that there exists a relationship between bone metabolism and obesity as well as glucose metabolism. BMP2, BMP4, BMP6, BMP7, and BMP9 have been shown to affect the pathophysiological process of obesity and glucose metabolism beyond bone metabolism. They may exert functions in adipogenesis and differentiation as well as insulin resistance. In the review, we summarize the literature on these BMPs and their association with metabolic diseases including obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu 610017, China
| | - Bingwei Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingchun Wang
- Thyroid Research Center of Shanghai, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zha
- Thyroid Research Center of Shanghai, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chunjun Sheng
- Thyroid Research Center of Shanghai, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Thyroid Research Center of Shanghai, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Shen Qu
- Thyroid Research Center of Shanghai, Shanghai 200072, China
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Gao X, Sun X, Amra S, Cui Y, Deng Z, Cheng H, Zhang GW, Huard CA, Wang B, Huard J. Impaired bone defect and fracture healing in dystrophin/utrophin double-knockout mice and the mechanism. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:5269-5282. [PMID: 33042418 PMCID: PMC7540103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of muscle damage in bone defect healing using skull and tibial double-defect and tibial fracture models in dystrophin-/-/Utrophin-/- double-knockout (dKO-Hom) mice. The skull and tibia bone defect and fracture healing was monitored using micro-CT, histology, immuohistochemistry and quantitative PCR. We found the skull defect healing is not impaired while the tibial defect healing was delayed at day 7 in the dKO-Hom group compared to wild-type (WT) group as revealed by micro-CT. Mechanistically, the number of osteoclasts and osteoblasts significantly decreased in the defect area in dKO-Hom group compared to WT group on day 21. DKO-Hom mice showed higher mortality after fracture (6/12) and significantly impaired fracture healing compared to the other groups as revealed by the micro-CT parameters of the calluses. Histology showed higher osteoclast number in the calluses of dKO-Hom mice than other groups. Furthermore, dKO-Hom mice showed down-regulation of 15-Pgdh, Il-4, Bmp7, and Bmp9 at 10 days after tibia fracture and BMP6 and 7 in the muscle. In conclusion, the long bone defect and fracture healing are impaired in dKO-Hom mice which demonstrated significantly muscle sarcopenia and related with disturbance of osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis. The impaired tibial fracture healing was associated with down-regulation of several genes in the muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX, USA
- Center for Regenerative Sports Medicine, The Steadman Philippon Research InstituteVail, CO, USA
| | - Xuying Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX, USA
| | - Sarah Amra
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX, USA
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX, USA
| | - Zhenhan Deng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX, USA
| | - Haizi Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX, USA
| | - Greg W Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX, USA
| | - Charles A Huard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX, USA
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX, USA
- Center for Regenerative Sports Medicine, The Steadman Philippon Research InstituteVail, CO, USA
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Safarova Y, Umbayev B, Hortelano G, Askarova S. Mesenchymal stem cells modifications for enhanced bone targeting and bone regeneration. Regen Med 2020; 15:1579-1594. [PMID: 32297546 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2019-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In pathological bone conditions (e.g., osteoporotic fractures or critical size bone defects), increasing the pool of osteoblast progenitor cells is a promising therapeutic approach to facilitate bone healing. Since mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) give rise to the osteogenic lineage, a number of clinical trials investigated the potential of MSCs transplantation for bone regeneration. However, the engraftment of transplanted cells is often hindered by insufficient oxygen and nutrients supply and the tendency of MSCs to home to different sites of the body. In this review, we discuss various approaches of MSCs transplantation for bone regeneration including scaffold and hydrogel constructs, genetic modifications and surface engineering of the cell membrane aimed to improve homing and increase cell viability, proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Safarova
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.,School of Engineering & Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Bauyrzhan Umbayev
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Gonzalo Hortelano
- School of Sciences & Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Sholpan Askarova
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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Chen CM, Chen CF, Wang JY, Madda R, Tsai SW, Wu PK, Chen WM. Bone morphogenetic protein activity preservation with extracorporeal irradiation- and liquid nitrogen freezing-treated recycled autografts for biological reconstruction in malignant bone tumor. Cryobiology 2019; 89:82-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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Peng W, Zhang J, Zhang H, Liu G, Dong W, Zhang F. Effects of lentiviral transfection containing bFGF gene on the biological characteristics of rabbit BMSCs. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8389-8397. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wuxun Peng
- Department of Emergency OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Emergency OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Huai Zhang
- Department of Emergency OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Emergency OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Wentao Dong
- Department of Emergency OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of Emergency OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityChina
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