1
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Razaghi A, Björnstedt M. Exploring Selenoprotein P in Liver Cancer: Advanced Statistical Analysis and Machine Learning Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2382. [PMID: 39001444 PMCID: PMC11240507 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Selenoprotein P (SELENOP) acts as a crucial mediator, distributing selenium from the liver to other tissues within the body. Despite its established role in selenium metabolism, the specific functions of SELENOP in the development of liver cancer remain enigmatic. This study aims to unravel SELENOP's associations in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by scrutinizing its expression in correlation with disease characteristics and investigating links to hormonal and lipid/triglyceride metabolism biomarkers as well as its potential as a prognosticator for overall survival and predictor of hypoxia. SELENOP mRNA expression was analyzed in 372 HCC patients sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), utilizing statistical methodologies in R programming and machine learning techniques in Python. SELENOP expression significantly varied across HCC grades (p < 0.000001) and among racial groups (p = 0.0246), with lower levels in higher grades and Asian individuals, respectively. Gender significantly influenced SELENOP expression (p < 0.000001), with females showing lower altered expression compared to males. Notably, the Spearman correlation revealed strong positive connections of SELENOP with hormonal markers (AR, ESR1, THRB) and key lipid/triglyceride metabolism markers (PPARA, APOC3, APOA5). Regarding prognosis, SELENOP showed a significant association with overall survival (p = 0.0142) but explained only a limited proportion of variability (~10%). Machine learning suggested its potential as a predictive biomarker for hypoxia, explaining approximately 18.89% of the variance in hypoxia scores. Future directions include validating SELENOP's prognostic and diagnostic value in serum for personalized HCC treatment. Large-scale prospective studies correlating serum SELENOP levels with patient outcomes are essential, along with integrating them with clinical parameters for enhanced prognostic accuracy and tailored therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Razaghi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Björnstedt
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Xiao Q, Wang J, Wang L, Ding H. APOA1/C3/A4/A5 Gene Cluster at 11q23.3 and Lipid Metabolism Disorders: From Epigenetic Mechanisms to Clinical Practices. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1224. [PMID: 38927431 PMCID: PMC11201263 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The APOA1/C3/A4/A5 cluster is an essential component in regulating lipoprotein metabolism and maintaining plasma lipid homeostasis. A genome-wide association analysis and Mendelian randomization have revealed potential associations between genetic variants within this cluster and lipid metabolism disorders, including hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular events. An enhanced understanding of the complexity of gene regulation has led to growing recognition regarding the role of epigenetic variation in modulating APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene expression. Intensive research into the epigenetic regulatory patterns of the APOA1/C3/A4/A5 cluster will help increase our understanding of the pathogenesis of lipid metabolism disorders and facilitate the development of new therapeutic approaches. This review discusses the biology of how the APOA1/C3/A4/A5 cluster affects circulating lipoproteins and the current progress in the epigenetic regulation of the APOA1/C3/A4/A5 cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Xiao
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.X.); (J.W.); (L.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.X.); (J.W.); (L.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Luyun Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.X.); (J.W.); (L.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hu Ding
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.X.); (J.W.); (L.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
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3
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Huang M, Zheng J, Chen L, You S, Huang H. Advances in the study of the pathogenesis of obesity: Based on apolipoproteins. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 545:117359. [PMID: 37086940 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a state presented by excessive accumulation and abnormal distribution of body fat, with metabolic disorders being one of its distinguishing features. Obesity is associated with dyslipidemia, apolipoproteins are important structural components of plasma lipoproteins, which influence lipid metabolism in the body by participating in lipoprotein metabolism and are closely related to the progression of obesity. Apolipoproteins influence the progression of obesity from lipid metabolism, energy expenditure and inflammatory response. In this review, we discuss the alterations of apolipoproteins in obesity, understand the potential mechanisms by which apolipoproteins affect obesity, as well as provide new targets for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province China; Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jingyi Zheng
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province China; Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Sufang You
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province China; Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Huibin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China.
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4
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Guevara-Ramírez P, Cadena-Ullauri S, Ruiz-Pozo VA, Tamayo-Trujillo R, Paz-Cruz E, Simancas-Racines D, Zambrano AK. Genetics, genomics, and diet interactions in obesity in the Latin American environment. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1063286. [PMID: 36532520 PMCID: PMC9751379 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1063286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that could impact an individual's health; moreover, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared obesity a global epidemic since 1997. In Latin America, in 2016, reports indicated that 24.2% of the adult population was obese. The environmental factor or specific behaviors like dietary intake or physical activity have a vital role in the development of a condition like obesity, but the interaction of genes could contribute to that predisposition. Hence, it is vital to understand the relationship between genes and disease. Indeed, genetics in nutrition studies the genetic variations and their effect on dietary response; while genomics in nutrition studies the role of nutrients in gene expression. The present review represents a compendium of the dietary behaviors in the Latin American environment and the interactions of genes with their single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with obesity, including the risk allele frequencies in the Latin American population. Additionally, a bibliographical selection of several studies has been included; these studies examined the impact that dietary patterns in Latin American environments have on the expression of numerous genes involved in obesity-associated metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Guevara-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Santiago Cadena-Ullauri
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Viviana A. Ruiz-Pozo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Elius Paz-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Daniel Simancas-Racines
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Ana Karina Zambrano
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
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5
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Association of Serum Apolipoprotein A5 Concentration with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Ningbo, China. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:7015528. [PMID: 35854768 PMCID: PMC9286930 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7015528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic disease characterized by the excessive accumulation of hepatocyte fat and steatosis in the absence of alcohol or any other clear contributing factors to liver injury. NAFLD has been confirmed to be closely associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. Genetic polymorphism studies have shown the relations between the apolipoprotein A5 gene (APOA5) and NAFLD. However, the association between the serum ApoA5 level and NAFLD remains unclear. Between September 2018 and August 2019, adults who attended the hospital-based health checkup center were enrolled in this study. Anthropometric examination, laboratory investigations on fasting blood, and abdominal ultrasonography were performed. The serum ApoA5 level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A total of 517 eligible participants (317 females and 200 males) were involved in this study, with a mean age of 54.7 ± 16.7 years. The mean ApoA5 concentration was 28.8 ± 4.7 μg/ml, among which the males had higher concentration levels than females (29.3 ± 4.5 vs. 28.5 ± 4.7 μg/mL, P=0.04). Serum ApoA5 level was not significantly correlated with NAFLD or metabolic profiles. However, the prevalence rate of hypertriglyceridemia (triglyceride ≥ 1.7 mmol/L) showed a significant inverted “U”-shaped trend in individuals with the serum ApoA5 level of quartile one to quartile four after adjusting the confounding factors. Moreover, individuals with higher serum ApoA5 levels were also more likely to suffer from hyperglycemia. The ApoA5 levels and the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia are in an inverted “U-shaped” correlation, but there is no significant difference between ApoA5 levels, NAFLD, and metabolic syndrome.
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6
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Apolipoprotein A5, a unique modulator of fasting and postprandial triglycerides. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Kang MC, Seo JA, Lee H, Uner A, Yang WM, Cruz Rodrigues KCD, Kim HJ, Li W, Campbell JN, Dagon Y, Kim YB. LRP1 regulates food intake and energy balance in GABAergic neurons independently of leptin action. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E379-E389. [PMID: 33356995 PMCID: PMC8260358 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00399.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is a member of LDL receptor family that plays a key role in systemic glucose and lipid homeostasis. LRP1 also regulates energy balance in the hypothalamus by mediating leptin's anorexigenic action, although the underlying neurocircuitry involved is still unclear. Because GABAergic neurons are a major mediator of hypothalamic leptin action, we studied the role of GABAergic LRP1 in energy balance and leptin action using mice lacking LRP1 in Vgat- or AgRP-expressing neurons (Vgat-Cre; LRP1loxP/loxP or AgRP-Cre; LRP1loxP/loxP). Here, we show that LRP1 deficiency in GABAergic neurons results in severe obesity in male and female mice fed a normal-chow diet. This effect is most likely due to increased food intake and decreased energy expenditure and locomotor activity. Increased adiposity in GABAergic neuron-specific LRP1-deficient mice is accompanied by hyperleptinemia and hyperinsulinemia. Insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in these mice are occurred without change in body weight. Importantly, LRP1 in GABAergic neurons is not required for leptin action, as evidenced by normal leptin's anorexigenic action and leptin-induced hypothalamic Stat3 phosphorylation. In contrast, LRP1 deficiency in AgRP neurons has no effect on adiposity and caloric intake. In conclusion, our data identify GABAergic neurons as a key neurocircuitry that underpins LRP1-dependent regulation of systemic energy balance and body-weight homeostasis. We further find that the GABAergic LRP1 signaling pathway modulates food intake and energy expenditure independently of leptin signaling and AgRP neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Cheol Kang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea
| | - Ji A Seo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyon Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Aykut Uner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Won-Mo Yang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kellen Cristina da Cruz Rodrigues
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hyun Jeong Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wendy Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John N Campbell
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Yossi Dagon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Young-Bum Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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8
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Xiang QY, Tian F, Du X, Xu J, Zhu LY, Guo LL, Wen T, Liu YS, Liu L. Postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins-induced premature senescence of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via the SIRT1/p53/Ac-p53/p21 axis through oxidative mechanism. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:26080-26094. [PMID: 33316776 PMCID: PMC7803527 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The accumulation of senescent adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) is the main cause for the deterioration of WAT and the subsequent age-related disorders in obesity. The number of AMSCs staining positively for senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) increased significantly after incubation with postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), accompanied by an impaired cell proliferation capacity and increased expression of inflammatory factors. Besides, the expression of anti-aging protein, silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1), was downregulated significantly, while those of acetylated p53 (Ac-p53), total p53, and p21 proteins were upregulated significantly during postprandial TRL-induced premature senescence of AMSCs. Furthermore, the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the TRL group increased significantly, while pretreatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine effectively attenuated the premature senescence of AMSCs by decreasing ROS production and upregulating SIRT1 level. Thus, postprandial TRL induced premature senescence of AMSCs through the SIRT1/p53/Ac-p53/p21 axis, partly through increased oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun-Yan Xiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Aging and Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiao Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Li-Yuan Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Li-Ling Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Tie Wen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Emergency Medicine and Difficult Disease Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - You-Shuo Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Aging and Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
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9
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Campion O, Al Khalifa T, Langlois B, Thevenard-Devy J, Salesse S, Savary K, Schneider C, Etique N, Dedieu S, Devy J. Contribution of the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Family to Breast Cancer Progression. Front Oncol 2020; 10:882. [PMID: 32850302 PMCID: PMC7406569 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family comprises 14 single-transmembrane receptors sharing structural homology and common repeats. These receptors specifically recognize and internalize various extracellular ligands either alone or complexed with membrane-spanning co-receptors that are then sorted for lysosomal degradation or cell-surface recovery. As multifunctional endocytic receptors, some LDLR members from the core family were first considered as potential tumor suppressors due to their clearance activity against extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes. LDLRs are also involved in pleiotropic functions including growth factor signaling, matricellular proteins, and cell matrix adhesion turnover and chemoattraction, thereby affecting both tumor cells and their surrounding microenvironment. Therefore, their roles could appear controversial and dependent on the malignancy state. In this review, recent advances highlighting the contribution of LDLR members to breast cancer progression are discussed with focus on (1) specific expression patterns of these receptors in primary cancers or distant metastasis and (2) emerging mechanisms and signaling pathways. In addition, potential diagnosis and therapeutic options are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Océane Campion
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Reims, France.,CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Tesnim Al Khalifa
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Reims, France.,CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Benoit Langlois
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Reims, France.,CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Jessica Thevenard-Devy
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Reims, France.,CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Stéphanie Salesse
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Reims, France.,CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Katia Savary
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Reims, France.,CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Christophe Schneider
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Reims, France.,CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Nicolas Etique
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Reims, France.,CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Stéphane Dedieu
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Reims, France.,CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Jérôme Devy
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Reims, France.,CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, Reims, France
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10
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Su X, Peng D. New insight into sortilin in controlling lipid metabolism and the risk of atherogenesis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:232-243. [PMID: 31625271 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Daoquan Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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11
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Su X, Peng D. The exchangeable apolipoproteins in lipid metabolism and obesity. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 503:128-135. [PMID: 31981585 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia, characterized by increased plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and reduced plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), is confirmed as a hallmark of obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), posing serious risks to the future health of humans. Thus, it is important to understand the molecular metabolism of dyslipidemia, which could help reduce the morbidity and mortality of obesity and CVD. Currently, several exchangeable apolipoproteins, such as apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5), apolipoprotein E (ApoE), and apolipoprotein C3 (ApoC3), have been verified to exert vital effects on modulating lipid metabolism and homeostasis both in plasma and in cells, which consequently affect dyslipidemia. In the present review, we summarize the findings of the effect of exchangeable apolipoproteins on affecting lipid metabolism in adipocytes and hepatocytes. Furthermore, we also provide new insights into the mechanisms by which the exchangeable apolipoproteins influence the pathogenesis of dyslipidemia and its related cardio-metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Daoquan Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Su X, Weng S, Peng D. New Insights into Apolipoprotein A5 and the Modulation of Human Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Adipogenesis. Curr Mol Med 2020; 20:144-156. [PMID: 31560287 DOI: 10.2174/1566524019666190927155702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The hallmark of obesity is the excessive accumulation of
triglyceride (TG) in adipose tissue. Apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5) has been shown to
influence the prevalence and pathogenesis of obesity. However, the underlying
mechanisms remain to be clarified.
Methods:
Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) were treated with
600 ng/ml human recombinant ApoA5 protein. The effect of ApoA5 on intracellular TG
content and adipogenic related factors expression were determined. Furthermore, the
effect of ApoA5 on CIDE-C expression was also observed.
Results:
During the process of adipogenesis, ApoA5 treatment reduced the intracellular
accumulation of lipid droplets and the TG levels; meanwhile, ApoA5 down-regulated the
expression levels of adipogenic related factors, including CCAAT enhancer-binding
proteins α/β (C/EBPα/β), fatty acid synthetase (FAS), and fatty acid-binding protein 4
(FABP4). Furthermore, the suppression of adipogenesis by ApoA5 was mediated
through the inhibition of CIDE-C expression, an important factor which promotes the
process of adipogenesis. However, over-expressing intracellular CIDE-C could lead to
the loss-of-function of ApoA5 in inhibiting AMSCs adipogenesis.
Conclusions:
In conclusion, ApoA5 inhibits the adipogenic process of AMSCs through,
at least partly, down-regulating CIDE-C expression. The present study provides novel
mechanisms whereby ApoA5 prevents obesity via AMSCs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuwei Weng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Daoquan Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Li DT, Habtemichael EN, Julca O, Sales CI, Westergaard XO, DeVries SG, Ruiz D, Sayal B, Bogan JS. GLUT4 Storage Vesicles: Specialized Organelles for Regulated Trafficking. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 92:453-470. [PMID: 31543708 PMCID: PMC6747935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Fat and muscle cells contain a specialized, intracellular organelle known as the GLUT4 storage vesicle (GSV). Insulin stimulation mobilizes GSVs, so that these vesicles fuse at the cell surface and insert GLUT4 glucose transporters into the plasma membrane. This example is likely one instance of a broader paradigm for regulated, non-secretory exocytosis, in which intracellular vesicles are translocated in response to diverse extracellular stimuli. GSVs have been studied extensively, yet these vesicles remain enigmatic. Data support the view that in unstimulated cells, GSVs are present as a pool of preformed small vesicles, which are distinct from endosomes and other membrane-bound organelles. In adipocytes, GSVs contain specific cargoes including GLUT4, IRAP, LRP1, and sortilin. They are formed by membrane budding, involving sortilin and probably CHC22 clathrin in humans, but the donor compartment from which these vesicles form remains uncertain. In unstimulated cells, GSVs are trapped by TUG proteins near the endoplasmic reticulum - Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC). Insulin signals through two main pathways to mobilize these vesicles. Signaling by the Akt kinase modulates Rab GTPases to target the GSVs to the cell surface. Signaling by the Rho-family GTPase TC10α stimulates Usp25m-mediated TUG cleavage to liberate the vesicles from the Golgi. Cleavage produces a ubiquitin-like protein modifier, TUGUL, that links the GSVs to KIF5B kinesin motors to promote their movement to the cell surface. In obesity, attenuation of these processes results in insulin resistance and contributes to type 2 diabetes and may simultaneously contribute to hypertension and dyslipidemia in the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don T. Li
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT,Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Estifanos N. Habtemichael
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Omar Julca
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Chloe I. Sales
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Xavier O. Westergaard
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Stephen G. DeVries
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Diana Ruiz
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Bhavesh Sayal
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Jonathan S. Bogan
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT,Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT,To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Jonathan S. Bogan, Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 208020, New Haven, CT 06520-8020; Tel: 203-785-6319; Fax: 203-785-6462;
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Su X, Kong Y, Peng DQ. New insights into apolipoprotein A5 in controlling lipoprotein metabolism in obesity and the metabolic syndrome patients. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:174. [PMID: 30053818 PMCID: PMC6064078 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A5 (apoA5) has been identified to play an important role in lipid metabolism, specifically in triglyceride (TG) and TG-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) metabolism. Numerous evidence has demonstrated for an association between apoA5 and the increased risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome, but the mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. Recently, several studies verified that apoA5 could significantly reduce plasma TG level by stimulating lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, and the intracellular role of apoA5 has also been proved since apoA5 is associated with cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs) and affects intrahepatic TG accumulation. Furthermore, since adipocytes provide the largest storage depot for TG and play a crucial role in the development of obesity, we could infer that apoA5 also acts as a novel regulator to modulate TG storage in adipocytes. In this review, we focus on the association of gene and protein of apoA5 with obesity and metabolic syndrome, and provide new insights into the physiological role of apoA5 in humans, giving a potential therapeutic target for obesity and associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Kong
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Dao-Quan Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Actis Dato V, Chiabrando GA. The Role of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 1 in Lipid Metabolism, Glucose Homeostasis and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061780. [PMID: 29914093 PMCID: PMC6032055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a highly prevalent disorder which can be used to identify individuals with a higher risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. This metabolic syndrome is characterized by a combination of physiological, metabolic, and molecular alterations such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and central obesity. The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1—A member of the LDL receptor family) is an endocytic and signaling receptor that is expressed in several tissues. It is involved in the clearance of chylomicron remnants from circulation, and has been demonstrated to play a key role in the lipid metabolism at the hepatic level. Recent studies have shown that LRP1 is involved in insulin receptor (IR) trafficking and intracellular signaling activity, which have an impact on the regulation of glucose homeostasis in adipocytes, muscle cells, and brain. In addition, LRP1 has the potential to inhibit or sustain inflammation in macrophages, depending on its cellular expression, as well as the presence of particular types of ligands in the extracellular microenvironment. In this review, we summarize existing perspectives and the latest innovations concerning the role of tissue-specific LRP1 in lipoprotein and glucose metabolism, and examine its ability to mediate inflammatory processes related to MetS and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Actis Dato
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina.
| | - Gustavo Alberto Chiabrando
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina.
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Luo J, Xu L, Li J, Zhao S. Effects and mechanisms of apolipoprotein A-V on the regulation of lipid accumulation in cardiomyocytes. Lipids Health Dis 2018. [PMID: 29530023 PMCID: PMC5848552 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0692-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Apolipoprotein (apo) A-V is a key regulator of triglyceride (TG) metabolism. We investigated effects of apoA-V on lipid metabolism in cardiomyocytes in this study. Methods We first examined whether apoA-V can be taken up by cardiomyocytes and whether low density lipoprotein receptor family members participate in this process. Next, triglyceride (TG) content and lipid droplet changes were detected at different concentrations of apoA-V in normal and lipid-accumulation cells in normal and obese animals. Finally, we tested the levels of fatty acids (FAs) taken up into cardiomyocytes and lipid secretion through [14C]-oleic acid. Results Our results show that heart tissue has apoA-V protein, and apoA-V is taken up by cardiomyocytes. When HL-1 cells were transfected with low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)-related protein 1(LRP1) siRNA, apoA-V intake decreased by 53% (P<0.05), while a 37% lipid accumulation in HL-1 cells remain unchanged. ApoA-V localized to the cytoplasm and was associated with lipid droplets in HL-1 cells. A 1200 and 1800 ng/mL apoA-V intervention decreased TG content by 28% and 45% in HL-1 cells, respectively and decreased TG content by 39% in mouse heart tissue (P<0.05). However, apoA-V had no effects on TG content in either normal HL-1 cells or mice. The levels of FAs taken up into cardiomyocytes decreased by 43% (P < 0.05), and the levels of TG and cholesterol ester secretion increased by 1.2-fold and 1.6-fold, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusion ApoA-V is a novel regulator of lipid metabolism in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of The Second Chest Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
| | - Shuiping Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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