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Hawker P, Zhang L, Liu L. Mas-related G protein-coupled receptors in gastrointestinal dysfunction and inflammatory bowel disease: A review. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:2197-2211. [PMID: 36787888 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic debilitating condition, hallmarked by persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Despite recent advances in clinical treatments, the aetiology of IBD is unknown, and a large proportion of patients are refractory to pharmacotherapy. Understanding IBD immunopathogenesis is crucial to discern the cause of IBD and optimise treatments. Mas-related G protein-coupled receptors (Mrgprs) are a family of approximately 50 G protein-coupled receptors that were first identified over 20 years ago. Originally known for their expression in skin nociceptors and their role in transmitting the sensation of itch in the periphery, new reports have described the presence of Mrgprs in the gastrointestinal tract. In this review, we consider the impact of these findings and assess the evidence that suggests that Mrgprs may be involved in the disrupted homeostatic processes that contribute to gastrointestinal disorders and IBD. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue Therapeutic Targeting of G Protein-Coupled Receptors: hot topics from the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists 2021 Virtual Annual Scientific Meeting. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.14/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Hawker
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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CD26 Deficiency Controls Macrophage Polarization Markers and Signal Transducers during Colitis Development and Resolution. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105506. [PMID: 35628317 PMCID: PMC9141856 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a multifactorial condition characterized by a destructive immune response that failed to be attenuated by common regulatory mechanisms which reduce inflammation and promote mucosa healing. The inhibition of CD26, a multifunctional glycoprotein that controls the immune response via its dipeptidyl peptidase (DP) 4 enzyme activity, was proven to have beneficial effects in various autoimmune inflammatory diseases. The polarization of macrophages into either pro-inflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 subclass is a key intersection that mediates the immune-inflammatory process in UC. Hence, we hypothesized that the deficiency of CD26 affects that process in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced model of UC. We found that mRNA expression of M2 markers arginase 1 and Fizz were increased, while the expression of M1 marker inducible NO synthase was downregulated in CD26−/− mice. Decreased STAT1 mRNA, as well as upregulated pSTAT6 and pSTAT3, additionally support the demonstrated activation of M2 macrophages under CD26 deficiency. Finally, we investigated DP8 and DP9, proteins with DP4-like activity, and found that CD26 deficiency is not a key factor for the noted upregulation of their expression in UC. In conclusion, we demonstrate that CD26 deficiency regulates macrophage polarization toward the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, which is driven by STAT6/STAT3 signaling pathways. This process is additionally enhanced by the reduction of M1 differentiation via the suppression of proinflammatory STAT1. Therefore, further studies should investigate the clinical potential of CD26 inhibitors in the treatment of UC.
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Zhou Y, Chen S, Gu W, Sun X, Wang L, Tang L. Sinomenine hydrochloride ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by modulating the gut microbiota composition whilst suppressing the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1287. [PMID: 34630642 PMCID: PMC8461516 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sinomenine is a pure alkaloid that can be isolated from the root of Sinomenium acutum and has been found to exert anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. The present study investigated the effects of sinomenine hydrochloride (SIN) on inflammation and the gut microbiota composition in the colon of mouse models of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. DSS-induced mice colitis was established by treating the mice with drinking water containing 3% (w/v) DSS for 7 days. The disease activity index of each mouse was calculated on a daily basis. All mice were sacrificed on day 11, then the weight of their spleen and length of their colons were measured. The histological analysis was measured by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Oral administration of SIN (100 mg/kg/day) attenuated the DSS-induced increases in the disease activity indices and spleen indices, DSS-induced shortening of the colon length and histological damage. In addition, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR data showed that SIN treatment effectively regulated the expression of inflammatory mediators, specifically by suppressing the expression of proinflammatory gene (TNF-α, IL-6 and inducible nitric oxide synthase) whilst increasing those associated with inhibiting inflammation (IL-10 and arginine 1). Gut microbiota analysis was conducted using 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. The results revealed that SIN improved bacterial community homeostasis and diversity, which were damaged by DSS. Furthermore, western blotting showed that the activation of the NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome was markedly suppressed by SIN treatment. In conclusion, these results indicated that SIN may ameliorate experimental colitis by modulating the gut microbiota composition and suppressing the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in mice. Overall, these findings suggested a broad protective effect of SIN in treating inflammatory gut diseases, including ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Wenxian Gu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Linxiao Wang
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Liming Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
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Veenstra JP, Vemu B, Tocmo R, Nauman MC, Johnson JJ. Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Carnosic Acid and Carnosol in Standardized Rosemary Extract and the Effect on the Disease Activity Index of DSS-Induced Colitis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030773. [PMID: 33673488 PMCID: PMC7997407 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosemary extract (RE) is an approved food preservative in the European Union and contains dietary phytochemicals that are beneficial for gastrointestinal health. This study investigated the effects of RE on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis and also determined the pharmacokinetics of dietary phytochemicals administered to mice via oral gavage. Individual components of rosemary extract were separated and identified by LC–MS/MS. The pharmacokinetics of two major diterpenes from RE, carnosic acid (CA) and carnosol (CL), administered to mice via oral gavage were determined. Then, the effect of RE pre-treatment on the disease activity index (DAI) of DSS-induced colitis in mice was investigated. The study determined that 100 mg/kg RE significantly improved DAI in DSS-induced colitis compared to negative control. Sestrin 2 protein expression, which increased with DSS exposure, was reduced with RE treatment. Intestinal barrier integrity was also shown to improve via fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)–dextran administration and Western blot of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), a tight junction protein. Rosemary extract was able to improve the DAI of DSS-induced colitis in mice at a daily dose of 100 mg/kg and showed improvement in the intestinal barrier integrity. This study suggests that RE can be an effective preventative agent against IBD.
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Zhang X, Zhang K, Wang Y, Ma R. Effects of Myricitrin and Relevant Molecular Mechanisms. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 15:11-17. [PMID: 30474534 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x14666181126103338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In humans, oxidative stress is thought to be involved in the development of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, heart failure, myocardial infarction and depression. Myricitrin, a botanical flavone, is abundantly distributed in the root bark of Myrica cerifera, Myrica esculenta, Ampelopsis grossedentata, Nymphaea lotus, Chrysobalanus icaco, and other plants. Considering the abundance of its natural sources, myricitrin is relatively easy to extract and purify. Myricitrin reportedly possesses effective anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-nociceptive activities, and can protect a variety of cells from in vitro and in vivo injuries. Therefore, our current review summarizes the research progress of myricitrin in cardiovascular diseases, nerve injury and anti-inflammatory, and provides new ideas for the development of myricitrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinliang Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Yan'an University Medical School, Yan'an, China
| | - Youhan Wang
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
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Ruiz Castro PA, Kogel U, Lo Sasso G, Phillips BW, Sewer A, Titz B, Garcia L, Kondylis A, Guedj E, Peric D, Bornand D, Dulize R, Merg C, Corciulo M, Ivanov NV, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J. Anatabine ameliorates intestinal inflammation and reduces the production of pro-inflammatory factors in a dextran sulfate sodium mouse model of colitis. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2020; 17:29. [PMID: 32855621 PMCID: PMC7446176 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-020-00260-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the collective term for chronic immune-mediated diseases of unknown, multifactorial etiology, arising from the interplay between genetic and environmental factors and including two main disease manifestations: ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease. In the last few decades, naturally occurring alkaloids have gained interest because of their substantial anti-inflammatory effects in several animal models of disease. Studies on mouse models of IBD have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory action of the main tobacco alkaloid, nicotine. In addition, anatabine, a minor tobacco alkaloid also present in peppers, tomato, and eggplant presents anti-inflammatory properties in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of nicotine and anatabine in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of UC. Results Oral administration of anatabine, but not nicotine, reduced the clinical symptoms of DSS-induced colitis. The result of gene expression analysis suggested that anatabine had a restorative effect on global DSS-induced gene expression profiles, while nicotine only had limited effects. Accordingly, MAP findings revealed that anatabine reduced the colonic abundance of DSS-associated cytokines and increased IL-10 abundance. Conclusions Our results support the amelioration of inflammatory effects by anatabine in the DSS mouse model of UC, and suggest that anatabine constitutes a promising therapeutic agent for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A Ruiz Castro
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Kogel
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Lo Sasso
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Blaine W Phillips
- Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte Ltd, 50 Science Park Road, The Kendall #02-07, Science Park II, Singapore, 117406 Singapore
| | - Alain Sewer
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Bjorn Titz
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Llenalia Garcia
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Athanasios Kondylis
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Guedj
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Dariusz Peric
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - David Bornand
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Remi Dulize
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Celine Merg
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Maica Corciulo
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Nikolai V Ivanov
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel C Peitsch
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Hoeng
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Idebenone Protects against Acute Murine Colitis via Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020484. [PMID: 31940911 PMCID: PMC7013829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a key player of the inflammatory cascade responsible for the initiation of ulcerative colitis (UC). Although the short chain quinone idebenone is considered a potent antioxidant and a mitochondrial electron donor, emerging evidence suggests that idebenone also displays anti-inflammatory activity. This study evaluated the impact of idebenone in the widely used dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced mouse model of acute colitis. Acute colitis was induced in C57BL/6J mice via continuous exposure to 2.5% DSS over 7 days. Idebenone was co-administered orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight. Idebenone significantly prevented body weight loss and improved the disease activity index (DAI), colon length, and histopathological score. Consistent with its reported antioxidant function, idebenone significantly reduced the colonic levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO), and increased the expression of the redox factor NAD(P)H (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) dehydrogenase quinone-1 (NQO-1) in DSS-exposed mice. Immunohistochemistry revealed a significantly increased expression of tight junction proteins, which protect and maintain paracellular intestinal permeability. In support of an anti-inflammatory activity, idebenone significantly attenuated the elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in colon tissue. These results suggest that idebenone could represent a promising therapeutic strategy to interfere with disease pathology in UC by simultaneously inducing antioxidative and anti-inflammatory pathways.
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Cao F, Liu J, Sha BX, Pan HF. Natural Products: Experimental Efficient Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:4893-4913. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191216154224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
:
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, elusive disorder resulting in relapsing inflammation of
intestine with incompletely elucidated etiology, whose two representative forms are ulcerative colitis (UC) and
Crohn’s disease (CD). Accumulating researches have revealed that the individual genetic susceptibility, environmental
risk elements, intestinal microbial flora, as well as innate and adaptive immune system are implicated in
the pathogenesis and development of IBD. Despite remarkable progression of IBD therapy has been achieved by
chemical drugs and biological therapies such as aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, antibiotics, anti-tumor necrosis
factor (TNF)-α, anti-integrin agents, etc., healing outcome still cannot be obtained, along with inevitable side
effects. Consequently, a variety of researches have focused on exploring new therapies, and found that natural
products (NPs) isolated from herbs or plants may serve as promising therapeutic agents for IBD through antiinflammatory,
anti-oxidant, anti-fibrotic and anti-apoptotic effects, which implicates the modulation on nucleotide-
binding domain (NOD) like receptor protein (NLRP) 3 inflammasome, gut microbiota, intestinal microvascular
endothelial cells, intestinal epithelia, immune system, etc. In the present review, we will summarize the research
development of IBD pathogenesis and current mainstream therapy, as well as the therapeutic potential and
intrinsic mechanisms of NPs in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Cao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing-Xian Sha
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Tongji University, 50 Chifeng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Gao Z, Lin Y, Zhang P, Cheng Q, Ye L, Wu F, Chen Y, Fu M, Cheng C, Gao Y. Sinomenine ameliorates intervertebral disc degeneration via inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy in vitro and in vivo. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:5956-5966. [PMID: 31632563 PMCID: PMC6789258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant apoptosis in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells is the primary cause of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). In contrast, a large number of studies have confirmed that autophagy may protect NP cells from apoptosis. Sinomenine is an alkaloid monomer, which has been reported to stimulate cell autophagy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of sinomenine on IDD. METHODS The effects of sinomenine on the proliferation and apoptosis of NP cells were evaluated with the CCK-8 assay and Annexin V/PI staining, respectively. RESULTS The data obtained from the present study demonstrated that sinomenine could notably reverse TBHP-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in rat NP cells. In addition, sinomenine significantly induced autophagy in rat NP cells, which was completely inhibited by 3-methyladenine (3MA). In addition, the protective effect of sinomenine against TBHP in rat NP cells was abolished following treatment with 3MA. Finally, an in vivo study further confirmed that sinomenine could ameliorate rat IDD. CONCLUSION Taken together, the results of the present study indicated sinomenine could ameliorate rat IDD via induction of autophagy in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest the therapeutic potential of sinomenine in the prevention of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengxin Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast UniversityLishui 210009, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yucheng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast UniversityLishui 210009, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Linhui Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast UniversityLishui 210009, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Fuhua Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast UniversityLishui 210009, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yingjun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast UniversityLishui 210009, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Minghui Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast UniversityLishui 210009, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Changgui Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast UniversityLishui 210009, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yucheng Gao
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Pompili S, Sferra R, Gaudio E, Viscido A, Frieri G, Vetuschi A, Latella G. Can Nrf2 Modulate the Development of Intestinal Fibrosis and Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4061. [PMID: 31434263 PMCID: PMC6720292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main mechanisms carried out by the cells to counteract several forms of stress is the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) signaling. Nrf2 signaling controls the expression of many genes through the binding of a specific cis-acting element known as the antioxidant response element (ARE). Activation of Nrf2/ARE signaling can mitigate several pathologic mechanisms associated with an autoimmune response, digestive and metabolic disorders, as well as respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. Indeed, several studies have demonstrated that Nrf2 pathway plays a key role in inflammation and in cancer development in many organs, including the intestine. Nrf2 appears to be involved in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), an immune-mediated chronic and disabling disease, with a high risk of developing intestinal fibrotic strictures and cancer. Currently, drugs able to increase cytoprotective Nrf2 function are in clinical trials or already being used in clinical practice to reduce the progression of some degenerative conditions. The role of Nrf2 in cancer development and progression is controversial, and drugs able to inhibit abnormal levels of Nrf2 are also under investigation. The goal of this review is to analyze and discuss Nrf2-dependent signals in the initiation and progression of intestinal fibrosis and cancers occurring in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Pompili
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberta Sferra
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Viscido
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Division, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Frieri
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Division, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonella Vetuschi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanni Latella
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Division, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
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Peng J, Zheng TT, Li X, Liang Y, Wang LJ, Huang YC, Xiao HT. Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:351. [PMID: 31031622 PMCID: PMC6473079 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a group of intestinal disorders with self-destructive and chronic inflammation in the digestive tract, requiring long-term medications. However, as many side effects and drug resistance are frequently encountered, safer and more effective agents for IBD treatment are urgently needed. Over the past few decades, a variety of natural alkaloids made of plants or medicinal herbs have attracted considerable interest because of the excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; additionally, these alkaloids have been reported to reduce the colonic inflammation and damage in a range of colitic models. In this review paper, we summarize the recent findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and emphasize their therapeutic potential for the treatment of IBD; obvious improvement of the colonic oxidative and pro-inflammatory status, significant preservation of the epithelial barrier function and positive modulation of the gut microbiota are the underlying mechanisms for the plant-derived alkaloids to treat IBD. Further clinical trials and preclinical studies to unravel the molecular mechanism are essential to promote the clinical translation of plant-derived alkaloids for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Druggability for Natural Medicines, Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Drug Addiction and Medication Safety, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University–The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Ultrasound Imaging, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong-Can Huang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, Orthopaedic Research Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hai-Tao Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Druggability for Natural Medicines, Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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