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Mayorova OA, Jolly BCN, Verkhovskii RA, Plastun VO, Sindeeva OA, Douglas TEL. pH-Sensitive Dairy-Derived Hydrogels with a Prolonged Drug Release Profile for Cancer Treatment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:749. [PMID: 33562870 PMCID: PMC7915325 DOI: 10.3390/ma14040749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel versatile biocompatible hydrogel of whey protein isolate (WPI) and two types of tannic acid (TAs) was prepared by crosslinking of WPI with TAs in a one-step method at high temperature for 30 min. WPI is one common protein-based preparation which is used for hydrogel formation. The obtained WPI-TA hydrogels were in disc form and retained their integrity after sterilization by autoclaving. Two TA preparations of differing molecular weight and chemical structure were compared, namely a polygalloyl glucose-rich extract-ALSOK 02-and a polygalloyl quinic acid-rich extract-ALSOK 04. Hydrogel formation was observed for WPI solutions containing both preparations. The swelling characteristics of hydrogels were investigated at room temperature at different pH values, namely 5, 7, and 9. The swelling ability of hydrogels was independent of the chemical structure of the added TAs. A trend of decrease of mass increase (MI) in hydrogels was observed with an increase in the TA/WPI ratio compared to the control WPI hydrogel without TA. This dependence (a MI decrease-TA/WPI ratio) was observed for hydrogels with different types of TA both in neutral and acidic conditions (pH 5.7). Under alkaline conditions (pH 9), negative values of swelling were observed for all hydrogels with a high content of TAs and were accompanied by a significant release of TAs from the hydrogel network. Our studies have shown that the release of TA from hydrogels containing ALSOK04 is higher than from hydrogels containing ALSOK 02. Moreover, the addition of TAs, which display a strong anti-cancer effect, increases the cytotoxicity of WPI-TAs hydrogels against the Hep-2 human laryngeal squamous carcinoma (Hep-2 cells) cell line. Thus, WPI-TA hydrogels with prolonged drug release properties and cytotoxicity effect can be used as anti-cancer scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana A. Mayorova
- Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., 410012 Saratov, Russia; (R.A.V.); (V.O.P.); (O.A.S.)
| | - Ben C. N. Jolly
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Gillow Av., Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
| | - Roman A. Verkhovskii
- Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., 410012 Saratov, Russia; (R.A.V.); (V.O.P.); (O.A.S.)
| | - Valentina O. Plastun
- Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., 410012 Saratov, Russia; (R.A.V.); (V.O.P.); (O.A.S.)
| | - Olga A. Sindeeva
- Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., 410012 Saratov, Russia; (R.A.V.); (V.O.P.); (O.A.S.)
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Building 3, 143026 Moscow, Russia
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Gillow Av., Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
- Materials Science Institute (MSI), Lancaster University, Gillow Av., Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
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Martin NA, Hyrlov KH, Elkjaer ML, Thygesen EK, Wlodarczyk A, Elbaek KJ, Aboo C, Okarmus J, Benedikz E, Reynolds R, Hegedus Z, Stensballe A, Svenningsen ÅF, Owens T, Illes Z. Absence of miRNA-146a Differentially Alters Microglia Function and Proteome. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1110. [PMID: 32582192 PMCID: PMC7292149 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: MiR-146a is an important regulator of innate inflammatory responses and is also implicated in cell death and survival. Methods: By sorting CNS resident cells, microglia were the main cellular source of miR-146a. Therefore, we investigated microglia function and phenotype in miR-146a knock-out (KO) mice, analyzed the proteome of KO and wild-type (WT) microglia by LC-MS/MS, and examined miR-146a expression in different brain lesions of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Results: When stimulated with LPS or myelin in vitro, microglia from KO mice expressed higher levels of IL-1β, TNF, IL-6, IL-10, CCL3, and CCL2 compared to WT. Stimulation increased migration and phagocytosis of WT but not KO microglia. CD11c+ microglia were induced by cuprizone (CPZ) in the WT mice but less in the KO. The proteome of ex vivo microglia was not different in miR-146a KO compared to WT mice, but CPZ treatment induced differential and reduced protein responses in the KO: GOT1, COX5b, CRYL1, and cystatin-C were specifically changed in KO microglia. We explored discriminative features of microglia proteomes: sparse Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis showed the best discrimination when control and CPZ-treated conditions were compared. Cluster of ten proteins separated WT and miR-146a KO microglia after CPZ: among them were sensomes allowing to perceive the environment, Atp1a3 that belongs to the signature of CD11c+ microglia, and proteins related to inflammatory responses (S100A9, Ppm1g). Finally, we examined the expression of miR-146a and its validated target genes in different brain lesions of MS patients. MiR-146 was upregulated in all lesion types, and the highest expression was in active lesions. Nineteen of 88 validated target genes were significantly changed in active lesions, while none were changed in NAWM. Conclusion: Our data indicated that microglia is the major source of miR-146a in the CNS. The absence of miR-146a differentially affected microglia function and proteome, and miR-146a may play an important role in gene regulation of active MS lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nellie A Martin
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kirsten H Hyrlov
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maria L Elkjaer
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Eva K Thygesen
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Agnieszka Wlodarczyk
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Research, BRIDGE, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kirstine J Elbaek
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Christopher Aboo
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Justyna Okarmus
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Eirikur Benedikz
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Richard Reynolds
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zoltan Hegedus
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Allan Stensballe
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Åsa Fex Svenningsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Trevor Owens
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Research, BRIDGE, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Zsolt Illes
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Research, BRIDGE, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Hilliard A, Mendonca P, Soliman KFA. Involvement of NFƙB and MAPK signaling pathways in the preventive effects of Ganoderma lucidum on the inflammation of BV-2 microglial cells induced by LPS. J Neuroimmunol 2020; 345:577269. [PMID: 32480240 PMCID: PMC7382303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum extract (GLE) is a potent ancient Asian remedy for the treatment of various diseases. This study investigated GLE preventive effects on LPS-stimulated inflammation of BV-2 microglial cells. The results show that pre-treatment with GLE decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines: G-CSF, IL1-α, MCP-5, MIP3α, and, with a higher effect in MIP3α. In RT-PCR assays, pre-treatment with GLE decreased mRNA expression of CHUK, NFκB1/p150, and IKBKE (NFƙB signaling), which may be associated with the neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease. The data show GLE inhibiting ability on pro-inflammatory mediators' release and suggest a potential role of GLE in neurodegenerative disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Hilliard
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States of America
| | - Patricia Mendonca
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States of America
| | - Karam F A Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States of America.
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