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Obaid Saleh R, Shbeer AM, Jetti R, Ahmed Robadi I, Hjazi A, Hussein Kareem A, Noori Shakir M, Qasim Alasheqi M, Alawadi A, Haslany A. Association between lncRNAs with stem cells in cancer; a particular focus on lncRNA-CSCs axis in cancer immunopathogenesis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 136:112306. [PMID: 38833843 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
A unique population of cells known as cancer stem cells (CSCs) is essential to developing and spreading cancer. Cancer initiation, maintenance, and progression are all believed to be significantly impacted by the distinct characteristics these cells exhibit regarding self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation. Transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational processes are the only steps of gene expression that lncRNAs can affect. As a result, these proteins participate in numerous biological processes, including the repair of DNA damage, inflammatory reactions, metabolic control, the survival of cells, intercellular communication, and the development and specialization of cells. Studies have indicated that lncRNAs are important for controlling the increase in the subset of CSCs contributing to cancer development. The knowledge that is currently available about lncRNAs and their critical role in maintaining the biological properties of CSCs is highlighted in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed Obaid Saleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq
| | - Abdullah M Shbeer
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Raghu Jetti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Ahmed Robadi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maha Noori Shakir
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Haslany
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
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Tayanloo-Beik A, Eslami A, Sarvari M, Jalaeikhoo H, Rajaeinejad M, Nikandish M, Faridfar A, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Mafi AR, Larijani B, Arjmand B. Extracellular vesicles and cancer stem cells: a deadly duo in tumor progression. Oncol Rev 2024; 18:1411736. [PMID: 39091989 PMCID: PMC11291337 DOI: 10.3389/or.2024.1411736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The global incidence of cancer is increasing, with estimates suggesting that there will be 26 million new cases and 17 million deaths per year by 2030. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key to the resistance and advancement of cancer. They play a crucial role in tumor dynamics and resistance to therapy. CSCs, initially discovered in acute myeloid leukemia, are well-known for their involvement in tumor initiation, progression, and relapse, mostly because of their distinct characteristics, such as resistance to drugs and the ability to self-renew. EVs, which include exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, play a vital role in facilitating communication between cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). They have a significant impact on cellular behaviors and contribute to genetic and epigenetic changes. This paper analyzes the mutually beneficial association between CSCs and EVs, emphasizing their role in promoting tumor spread and developing resistance mechanisms. This review aims to investigate the interaction between these entities in order to discover new approaches for attacking the complex machinery of cancer cells. It highlights the significance of CSCs and EVs as crucial targets in the advancement of novel cancer treatments, which helps stimulate additional research, promote progress in ideas for cancer treatment, and provide renewed optimism in the effort to reduce the burden of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Tayanloo-Beik
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Eslami
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hasan Jalaeikhoo
- AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA-CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rajaeinejad
- AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA-CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Aja University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nikandish
- AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA-CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Faridfar
- AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA-CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Rezazadeh Mafi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shaheed Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Imran M, Abida, Eltaib L, Siddique MI, Kamal M, Asdaq SMB, Singla N, Al-Hajeili M, Alhakami FA, AlQarni AF, Abdulkhaliq AA, Rabaan AA. Beyond the genome: MALAT1's role in advancing urologic cancer care. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155226. [PMID: 38452585 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Urologic cancers (UCs), which include bladder, kidney, and prostate tumors, account for almost a quarter of all malignancies. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are tissue-specific RNAs that influence cell growth, death, and division. LncRNAs are dysregulated in UCs, and their abnormal expression may allow them to be used in cancer detection, outlook, and therapy. With the identification of several novel lncRNAs and significant exploration of their functions in various illnesses, particularly cancer, the study of lncRNAs has evolved into a new obsession. MALAT1 is a flexible tumor regulator implicated in an array of biological activities and disorders, resulting in an important research issue. MALAT1 appears as a hotspot, having been linked to the dysregulation of cell communication, and is intimately linked to cancer genesis, advancement, and response to treatment. MALAT1 additionally operates as a competitive endogenous RNA, binding to microRNAs and resuming downstream mRNA transcription and operation. This regulatory system influences cell growth, apoptosis, motility, penetration, and cell cycle pausing. MALAT1's evaluation and prognosis significance are highlighted, with a thorough review of its manifestation levels in several UC situations and its association with clinicopathological markers. The investigation highlights MALAT1's adaptability as a possible treatment target, providing fresh ways for therapy in UCs as we integrate existing information The article not only gathers current knowledge on MALAT1's activities but also lays the groundwork for revolutionary advances in the treatment of UCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abida
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lina Eltaib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Irfan Siddique
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Neelam Singla
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Marwan Al-Hajeili
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 23624, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemah Abdulaziz Alhakami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Farhan AlQarni
- Histopathology Laboratory, Najran Armed Forces Hospital, Najran 66251, Saudi Arabia
| | - Altaf A Abdulkhaliq
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan
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Bai S, Guo J, Zhang H. A meta-analysis of the clinicopathological significance of the lncRNA MALAT1 in human gastric cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1257120. [PMID: 38239645 PMCID: PMC10794718 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1257120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of the long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) has been linked to some oncogenic pathways that induce cancer initiation and progression. This meta-analysis was conducted to specifically summarize the most recent research on MALAT1 function in human gastric cancer (GC). Methods The eligible studies were first identified by searching HowNet, Web of Science, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Nature databases for studies published as of April 1, 2023. The meta-analysis included 14 studies assessing MALAT1 expression and presenting clinical parameters and survival outcomes. Results The results illustrated that high MALAT1 expression is predictive of lymph node metastasis (pooled odds ratio [OR] = 2.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.97-4.54, P < 0.001) and distant metastasis in GC (OR = 3.11, 95% CI = 1.68-5.75, P < 0.001). In addition, MALAT1 was associated with GC tumor invasion (T3/T4 vs. T1/T2: OR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.90- 4.41, P <0.001) and TNM stage (III/IV vs I/II: OR = 2.93, 95% CI: 1.80-4.77, P <0.001). Additionally, higher MALAT-1 expression predicted poorer overall survival in patients with GC (hazard ratio = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.20-2.09, P < 0.001). Conclusions The current findings suggest that the high MALAT1 expression is an adverse biomarker for prognostic outcomes, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and distant metastasis in GC and MALAT1 could be a prognostic biomarker for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxiong Bai
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Zeng Z, Fu M, Hu Y, Wei Y, Wei X, Luo M. Regulation and signaling pathways in cancer stem cells: implications for targeted therapy for cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:172. [PMID: 37853437 PMCID: PMC10583419 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01877-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), initially identified in leukemia in 1994, constitute a distinct subset of tumor cells characterized by surface markers such as CD133, CD44, and ALDH. Their behavior is regulated through a complex interplay of networks, including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, epigenetic, tumor microenvironment (TME), and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) factors. Numerous signaling pathways were found to be involved in the regulatory network of CSCs. The maintenance of CSC characteristics plays a pivotal role in driving CSC-associated tumor metastasis and conferring resistance to therapy. Consequently, CSCs have emerged as promising targets in cancer treatment. To date, researchers have developed several anticancer agents tailored to specifically target CSCs, with some of these treatment strategies currently undergoing preclinical or clinical trials. In this review, we outline the origin and biological characteristics of CSCs, explore the regulatory networks governing CSCs, discuss the signaling pathways implicated in these networks, and investigate the influential factors contributing to therapy resistance in CSCs. Finally, we offer insights into preclinical and clinical agents designed to eliminate CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zeng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Minyang Fu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology Nursing, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Min Luo
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China.
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Feichtenschlager V, Zheng YJ, Ho W, Chen L, Callanan C, Chen C, Lee A, Ortiz J, Rappersberger K, Ortiz-Urda S. Deconstructing the role of MALAT1 in MAPK-signaling in melanoma: insights from antisense oligonucleotide treatment. Oncotarget 2023; 14:543-560. [PMID: 37235843 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1 is a regulator of oncogenesis and cancer progression. MAPK-pathway upregulation is the main event in the development and progression of human cancer, including melanoma and recent studies have shown that MALAT1 has a significant impact on the regulation of gene and protein expression in the MAPK pathway. However, the role of MALAT1 in regulation of gene and protein expression of the MAPK-pathway kinases RAS, RAF, MEK and ERK in melanoma is largely unknown. We demonstrate the impacts of antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)-based MALAT1-inhibition on MAPK-pathway gene regulation in melanoma. Our results showed that MALAT1-ASO treatment decreased BRAF RNA expression and protein levels, and MALAT1 had increased correlation with MAPK-pathway associated genes in melanoma patient samples compared to healthy skin. Additionally, drug-induced MAPK inhibition upregulated MALAT1-expression, a finding that resonates with a paradigm of MALAT1-expression presented in this work: MALAT1 is downregulated in melanoma and other cancer types in which MALAT1 seems to be associated with MAPK-signaling, while MALAT1-ASO treatment strongly reduced the growth of melanoma cell lines, even in cases of resistance to MEK inhibition. MALAT1-ASO treatment significantly inhibited colony formation in vitro and reduced tumor growth in an NRAS-mutant melanoma xenograft mouse model in vivo, while showing no aberrant toxic side effects. Our findings demonstrate new insights into MALAT1-mediated MAPK-pathway gene regulation and a paradigm of MALAT1 expression in MAPK-signaling-dependent cancer types. MALAT1 maintains essential oncogenic functions, despite being downregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Feichtenschlager
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Clinic Landstrasse Vienna, Academic Teaching Hospital, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yixuan James Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
- School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Wilson Ho
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Linan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Ciara Callanan
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Christopher Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Albert Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Jose Ortiz
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Klemens Rappersberger
- Department of Dermatology, Clinic Landstrasse Vienna, Academic Teaching Hospital, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susana Ortiz-Urda
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
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Jesenko T, Brezar SK, Cemazar M, Biasin A, Tierno D, Scaggiante B, Grassi M, Grassi C, Dapas B, Truong NH, Abrami M, Zanconati F, Bonazza D, Rizzolio F, Parisi S, Pastorin G, Grassi G. Targeting Non-Coding RNAs for the Development of Novel Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapeutic Approaches. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041249. [PMID: 37111734 PMCID: PMC10145575 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a global health challenge, representing the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Although therapeutic advances have been made in the few last years, the prognosis remains poor. Thus, there is a dire need to develop novel therapeutic strategies. In this regard, two approaches can be considered: (1) the identification of tumor-targeted delivery systems and (2) the targeting of molecule(s) whose aberrant expression is confined to tumor cells. In this work, we focused on the second approach. Among the different kinds of possible target molecules, we discuss the potential therapeutic value of targeting non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which include micro interfering RNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs). These molecules represent the most significant RNA transcripts in cells and can regulate many HCC features, including proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis. In the first part of the review, the main characteristics of HCC and ncRNAs are described. The involvement of ncRNAs in HCC is then presented over five sections: (a) miRNAs, (b) lncRNAs, (c) circRNAs, (d) ncRNAs and drug resistance and (e) ncRNAs and liver fibrosis. Overall, this work provides the reader with the most recent state-of-the-art approaches in this field, highlighting key trends and opportunities for more advanced and efficacious HCC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Jesenko
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simona Kranjc Brezar
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Cemazar
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Polje 42, SI-6310 Izola, Slovenia
| | - Alice Biasin
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, Trieste University, via Valerio 6, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Domenico Tierno
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste University, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Bruna Scaggiante
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste University, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mario Grassi
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, Trieste University, via Valerio 6, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Chiara Grassi
- Degree Course in Medicine, University of Trieste, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Barbara Dapas
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste University, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Nhung Hai Truong
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Michela Abrami
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, Trieste University, via Valerio 6, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Zanconati
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Strada di Fiume, 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Deborah Bonazza
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Strada di Fiume, 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, I-33081 Aviano, Italy
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, I-30172 Venezia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Parisi
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, I-30172 Venezia, Italy
- Doctoral School in Molecular Biomedicine, University of Trieste, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giorgia Pastorin
- Pharmacy Department, National University of Singapore, Block S9, Level 15, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117544, Singapore
| | - Gabriele Grassi
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste University, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
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Tsyganov MM, Ibragimova MK. MALAT1 Long Non-coding RNA and Its Role in Breast Carcinogenesis. Acta Naturae 2023; 15:32-41. [PMID: 37538803 PMCID: PMC10395780 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Our genome consists not only of protein-coding DNA, but also of the non-coding part that plays a very important role in the regulation of all cellular processes. A part of the non-coding genome comes with non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and disruption of the functional activity of these RNAs may be associated with oncogenesis in various cancer types. There exist two types of ncRNAs: small and long non-coding RNAs, which are classified according to their transcript length. Long non-coding metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1, MALAT1 RNA (NEAT2), is a long non-coding RNA of particular interest. The aforementioned transcript takes part in the regulation of numerous cellular processes and pathogenesis of different malignant tumors, including breast tumors. This review focuses on experimental and clinical studies into the role of MALAT1 in carcinogenesis and the progression of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. M. Tsyganov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050 Russian Federation
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050 Russian Federation
| | - M. K. Ibragimova
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050 Russian Federation
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050 Russian Federation
- National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050 Russian Federation
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9
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Farzaneh M, Najafi S, Anbiyaee O, Azizidoost S, Khoshnam SE. LncRNA MALAT1-related signaling pathways in osteosarcoma. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2023; 25:21-32. [PMID: 35790599 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02876-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common and malignant form of bone cancer, which affects children and young adults. OS is identified by osteogenic differentiation and metastasis. However, the exact molecular mechanism of OS development and progression is still unclear. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) have been proven to regulate OS proliferation and drug resistance. LncRNAs are longer than 200 nucleotides that represent the extensive applications in the processing of pre-mRNA and the pathogenesis of human diseases. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript-1 (MALAT1) is a well-known lncRNA known as a transcriptional and translational regulator. The aberrant expression of MALAT1 has been shown in several human cancers. The high level of MALAT1 is involved in OS cell growth and tumorigenicity by targeting several signaling pathways and miRNAs. Hence, MALAT1 might be a suitable approach for OS diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we will summarize the role of lncRNA MALAT1 in the pathophysiology of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farzaneh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Anbiyaee
- School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Nemazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shirin Azizidoost
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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10
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Niu ZS, Wang WH, Niu XJ. Recent progress in molecular mechanisms of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:6433-6477. [PMID: 36569275 PMCID: PMC9782839 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i46.6433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatectomy is currently considered the most effective option for treating patients with early and intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, the postoperative prognosis of patients with HCC remains unsatisfactory, predominantly because of high postoperative metastasis and recurrence rates. Therefore, research on the molecular mechanisms of postoperative HCC metastasis and recurrence will help develop effective intervention measures to prevent or delay HCC metastasis and recurrence and to improve the long-term survival of HCC patients. Herein, we review the latest research progress on the molecular mechanisms underlying postoperative HCC metastasis and recurrence to lay a foundation for improving the understanding of HCC metastasis and recurrence and for developing more precise prevention and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Shan Niu
- Laboratory of Micromorphology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wen-Hong Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Niu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Qingdao Shibei District People's Hospital, Qingdao 266033, Shandong Province, China
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Chen Z, Tang W, Zhou Y, He Z. The role of LINC01419 in regulating the cell stemness in lung adenocarcinoma through recruiting EZH2 and regulating FBP1 expression. Biol Direct 2022; 17:23. [PMID: 36050791 PMCID: PMC9438337 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-022-00336-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent years have witnessed a growing academic interest in the effects of lncRNAs on tumors. LINC01419 is found to facilitate proliferation and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells, but there is a great deal of uncertainty about how LINC01419 works on LUAD cell stemness. For this reason, the focus of this research is centered on the regulatory impact of LINC01419 on LUAD cell stemness. Methods For the detection of the expression level of LINC01419 in LUAD, qRT-PCR was performed. And how oe-LINC01419 and sh-LINC01419 affected LUAD cell proliferation as well as stem cell sphere-formation were examined by CCK-8 and cell sphere-forming assays. In addition, whether LINC01419 could recruit EZH2 and regulate FBP1 expression were determined by bioinformatics analysis, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Western blot was utilized to detect the protein expression levels of FBP1, CD44, CD133, and ALDH-1 as well. Results On the basis of the findings from those assays, an up-regulation of LINC01419 level was demonstrated in LUAD cell lines, and a remarkable upregulation of it in CD44 + LUAD cells. In LUAD cells, proliferation and stem cell sphere-formation that were attenuated by LINC01419 knockdown were discovered to be facilitated by LINC01419 overexpression. And a binding relationship between LINC01419 and EZH2 was determined by RIP assay. Besides, EZH2 was capable of binding to FBP1 promoter region, as found by ChIP-PCR assay. Finally, it was demonstrated by in vitro experiments that LINC01419 could inhibit FBP1 expression by recruiting EZH2, resulting in promotion of LUAD cell proliferation and stemness. Significance To summarize, our findings demonstrate a cancer-promoting role of LINC01419 in LUAD. LINC01419, by recruiting EZH2 and regulating FBP1 expression, contributes to LUAD cell stemness. According to these findings, the potential of LINC01419 to be the target for LUAD treatment is hence determined, which also adds more possibility to the enrichment of therapeutic strategies for lung cancer stem cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13062-022-00336-8.
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LncRNA SAMD12-AS1 Suppresses Proliferation and Migration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via p53 Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:9096365. [PMID: 36052283 PMCID: PMC9427251 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9096365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Assessment of lncRNA SAMD12-AS1 expression in liver cancer tissues and cell lines to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms that regulate liver cancer cell growth, development, invasion, and migration. Methods The lncRNA SAMD12-AS1 expression in tumor tissues of 32 liver cancer patients was measured by real-time PCR, and its effect on the clinicopathological manifestations and liver cancer patients' prognosis was determined. LncRNA SAMD12-AS1 overexpression and knockdown in liver cancer cell lines were established by cell transfection. The effects of lncRNA SAMD12-AS1 knockdown and overexpression on liver cancer cell growth, development, invasion, and migration were determined by MTT, Transwell, and clonogenic assays. Furthermore, its effects on the expression of E-cadherin, vimentin, p53, and p21 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells were determined by Western blot assay. Results The level of lncRNA SAMD12-AS1 expression in tumor tissues was remarkably higher than that in paracancerous liver tissues (p < 0.01). It was found that the lncRNA SAMD12-AS1 expression was largely correlated with TNM stage of tumor, vascular invasion, and hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen in liver cancer patients (p < 0.05). Cell function experiments showed that lncRNA SAMD12-AS1 overexpression promoted liver cancer development, migration, and invasion (p < 0.05), while lncRNA SAMD12-AS1 knockdown inhibited the activity of liver cancer cells to invade and migrate (p < 0.05). Western blot analysis showed that overexpression of lncRNA SAMD12-AS1 markedly inhibited p21, p53, and E-cadherin expression and promoted vimentin expression. Conversely, knockdown of lncRNA SAMD12-AS1 significantly promoted p21, p53, and E-cadherin expression and inhibited vimentin expression (p < 0.05). Conclusion LncRNA SAMD12-AS1 is associated with the TNM stage and vascular invasion of liver cancer. It promotes liver cancer cell development, invasion, and migration by regulating p53 expression. Thus, lncRNA SAMD12-AS1 could be a novel biological target for the treatment of liver cancer.
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Guo W, Liu GM, Guan JY, Chen YJ, Zhao YZ, Wang K, Bai O. Epigenetic regulation of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is mediated by dysregulated lncRNA MALAT1 through modulation of tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:977266. [PMID: 36059695 PMCID: PMC9433805 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.977266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (CTCL) is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma marked by migration of T-lymphocytes to the skin. It has many subtypes some of which are aggressive with documented metastasis. We investigated a possible role of lncRNA MALAT1 in CTCL cells because of its documented involvement in cancer metastasis. A screening of MALAT1 in CTCL patients revealed its elevated levels in the patients, compared to healthy individuals. For our investigation, we employed HH and H9 CTCL cells and silenced MALAT1 to understand the MALAT1 mediated functions. Such silencing of MALAT1 resulted in reversal of EMT and inhibition of cancer stem cell phenotype, along with reduced cell growth and proliferation. EMT reversal was established through increased E-cadherin and reduced N-cadherin while inhibition of cancer stem cell phenotype was evident through reduced Sox2 and Nanog. CTCL patients had higher circulating levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TGFβ, PGE2 and MMP7 which are factors released by tumor-associated macrophages in tumor microenvironment. MALAT1 sponged miR-124 as this tumor suppressive miRNA was de-repressed upon MALAT1 silencing. Moreover, downregulation of miR-124 attenuated MALAT1 silencing effects. Our study provides a rationale for further studies focused on an evaluation of MALAT1-miR-124 in CTCL progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guang-Ming Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ji-Yu Guan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu-Jia Chen
- Department of Gastric Colorectal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang-Zhi Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Oncology Hematology, Meihekou Central Hospital, Meihekou, China
| | - Ou Bai
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Ou Bai,
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Matuszyk J. MALAT1-miRNAs network regulate thymidylate synthase and affect 5FU-based chemotherapy. Mol Med 2022; 28:89. [PMID: 35922756 PMCID: PMC9351108 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00516-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The active metabolite of 5-Fluorouracil (5FU), used in the treatment of several types of cancer, acts by inhibiting the thymidylate synthase encoded by the TYMS gene, which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in DNA replication. The major failure of 5FU-based cancer therapy is the development of drug resistance. High levels of TYMS-encoded protein in cancerous tissues are predictive of poor response to 5FU treatment. Expression of TYMS is regulated by various mechanisms, including involving non-coding RNAs, both miRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Aim To delineate the miRNAs and lncRNAs network regulating the level of TYMS-encoded protein. Main body Several miRNAs targeting TYMS mRNA have been identified in colon cancers, the levels of which can be regulated to varying degrees by lncRNAs. Due to their regulation by the MALAT1 lncRNA, these miRNAs can be divided into three groups: (1) miR-197-3p, miR-203a-3p, miR-375-3p which are downregulated by MALAT1 as confirmed experimentally and the levels of these miRNAs are actually reduced in colon and gastric cancers; (2) miR-140-3p, miR-330-3p that could potentially interact with MALAT1, but not yet supported by experimental results; (3) miR-192-5p, miR-215-5p whose seed sequences do not recognize complementary response elements within MALAT1. Considering the putative MALAT1-miRNAs interaction network, attention is drawn to the potential positive feedback loop causing increased expression of MALAT1 in colon cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, where YAP1 acts as a transcriptional co-factor which, by binding to the TCF4 transcription factor/ β-catenin complex, may increase the activation of the MALAT1 gene whereas the MALAT1 lncRNA can inhibit miR-375-3p which in turn targets YAP1 mRNA. Conclusion The network of non-coding RNAs may reduce the sensitivity of cancer cells to 5FU treatment by upregulating the level of thymidylate synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Matuszyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 R. Weigla Street, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Wang Y, Wang H, Li C, Zhang J, Chu Z, Liu P, Zhang X, Gu X. CircTUBGCP3 Contributes to the Malignant Progression of Rectal Cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:2957-2970. [PMID: 34515875 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-07135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNA (circRNA) tubulin gamma complex associated protein 3 (circTUBGCP3) has been reported to play an oncogenic role in colorectal cancer and osteosarcoma. AIMS We further assessed the role and working mechanism of circTUBGCP3 in rectal cancer progression. METHODS Colony formation assay and transwell assays were performed to analyze cell colony formation ability and motility. Flow cytometry was utilized to assess cell cycle progression and cell apoptosis. The production of lactate and the consumption of glucose were evaluated by fluorescence-based glucose/lactate assay kit to analyze cell glycolysis. The intermolecular interaction was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. In vivo experiments were carried out to analyze the role of circTUBGCP3 in tumor growth using xenograft tumor model. RESULTS CircTUBGCP3 was significantly up-regulated in rectal cancer tissues and cell lines. CircTUBGCP3 interference inhibited the colony formation ability, migration, invasion, cell cycle progression, and glycolysis and promoted the apoptosis in rectal cancer cells. CircTUBGCP3 negative regulated microRNA-375 (miR-375) expression through interacting with it and circTUBGCP3 silencing-mediated effects in rectal cancer cells were largely based on the up-regulation of miR-375. Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) was a target of miR-375, and ROCK1 was regulated by circTUBGCP3/miR-375 axis in rectal cancer cells. MiR-375 overexpression suppressed the malignant behaviors of rectal cancer cells partly through down-regulating ROCK1. CircTUBGCP3 interference restrained rectal cancer progression in vivo. CONCLUSION CircTUBGCP3 acted as an oncogene to promote the malignant phenotypes of rectal cancer cells by modulating miR-375/ROCK1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Nankai District, No. 92, Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Department of General Surgery, Hebei Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Hebei Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Hebei Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhifen Chu
- Department of General Surgery, Hebei Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Pu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Hebei Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Hebei Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaosong Gu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Nankai District, No. 92, Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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Zhou D, Wang Y, Hu H, Liu H, Deng J, Li L, Zheng C. lncRNA MALAT1 promotes HCC metastasis through the peripheral vascular infiltration via miRNA-613: a primary study using contrast ultrasound. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:203. [PMID: 35706002 PMCID: PMC9202184 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the specific pathogenesis of lncRNA MALAT1 promoting the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through peripheral blood vessels by regulating the expression of miRNA-613 molecule. Methods The data of 60 HCC metastatic patients and 60 HCC non-metastatic patients detected by the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College from January 2020 to June 2021 were collected, as well as postoperatively retained HCC tissues and paired paracancer tissues (5 cm laterally from the edge of the cancer area), to study the changes of microangiogenesis in HCC tissues with CEUS. The correlation between CEUS grading and lncRNA MALAT1 in patients with HCC was analyzed through Pearson correlation analysis, lncRNA MALAT1 and miRNA-613 in HCC tissues of patients with HCC were detected by qRT-PCR, followed by the bioinformatic analysis for the relationship between lncRNA MALAT1 and miRNA-613. The Log-growing human HCC cell strain, HepG2, was selected for experiments. Adenovirus transfection knocked down lncRNA MALAT1 in HCC cells, which was divided into two groups (inhibitor-NC group and lncR-inhibitor group), followed by knocking down miRNA-613 on the basis of knocking down lncRNA MALAT1, which was divided into three groups (inhibitor-NC group, lncR-inhibitor groups, and lncR/miR613-inhibitor group). The expression of miRNA-613 and lncRNA MALAT1 in each group was detected by qRT-PCR. The migration and invasiveness of cells in each group were detected by Transwell assay. Results CEUS of HCC and Pearson correlation analysis showed that CEUS grading and lncRNA MALAT1 were positively correlated in patients with HCC. In HCC tissues of patients with HCC, lncRNA MALAT1 expressed high and miRNA-613 expressed low. The results of bioinformatic analysis showed the targeting of lncRNA MALAT1 and miRNA-613. Knocking down lncRNA MALAT1 could increase miRNA-613 expression significantly, and reduce the migration of HCC cells. Inhibiting miRNA-613 based on knocking down lncRNA MALAT1 could increase the survival and migration of HCC cells. Conclusions lncRNA MALAT1 can promote HCC metastasis through the peripheral vascular infiltration by inhibiting the level of MiRNA-613, which can, therefore, be used as a potential target for the treatment of HCC. 1. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) grading was positively correlated with lncRNA MALAT1 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 2. lncRNA MALAT1 expressed high and miRNA-613 expressed low in HCC tissues of patients with HCC. 3. lncRNA MALAT1 was targeted with miRNA-613. 4. Knocking down lncRNA MALAT1 could significantly increase miRNA-613 expression. 5. Knocking down lncRNA MALAT1 could reduce the migration of HCC cells. 6. Inhibiting miRNA-613 on the basis of knocking down lncRNA MALAT1 could increase the survival and migration of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, 161006, China.
| | - Haifeng Hu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Huilin Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Jiajia Deng
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Chunlei Zheng
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, 161006, China
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Xie B, Wang Z, Li T, Xue J, Zhang C. LncRNA MALAT1 inhibits the proliferation and invasiveness of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma Hep-2 cells by modulating miR-362-3p. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:3729-3740. [PMID: 35836842 PMCID: PMC9274578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of lncRNA MALAT1 (MALAT1) inhibiting the proliferation and invasiveness of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) Hep-2 cells by modulating miR-362-3p. METHODS We collected the expression profile of lncRNAs and miRNAs in LSCC downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database as well as LSCC tissue samples and adjacent normal counterparts resected from LSCC patients in Lvliang People's Hospital and First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between January 2018 and June 2020 for analysis. Human LSCC Hep-2 cells were selected for experiments. The expression of miR-362-3p and MALAT1 was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cells were subsequently transfected to knock out MALAT1, and the growth, metastasis and invasiveness of cells were evaluated by CCK-8 assay, plate clone formation, wound healing, and Transwell invasion assays respectively. The binding of MALAT1 to miR-362-3p was verified by RNA pull-down, RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), and dual-luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS MALAT1 was highly expressed while miR-362-3p was lowly expressed in both LSCC tissues and cells compared with normal counterparts. MALAT1 knockdown inhibited the viability of Hep-2 cells, reducing the number of plate clone-forming cells as well as the number of migrated and invaded cells. Transfection of miR-362-3p inhibitor into Hep-2 cells treated by si-MALAT1 reversed the inhibition of si-MALAT1 on the proliferation of Hep-2 cells, and promoted cell invasiveness and migration. MALAT1 can sponge miR-362-3p and inhibit its expression. CONCLUSIONS Knockdown of MALAT can inhibit Hep-2 cell proliferation and reduce its invasiveness and migration by modulating miR-362-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baotong Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology, Lvliang People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Lvliang Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityLvliang, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhaohua Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Lvliang People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Lvliang Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityLvliang, Shanxi, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lvliang People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Lvliang Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityLvliang, Shanxi, China
| | - Junfang Xue
- Department of Otolaryngology, Lvliang People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Lvliang Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityLvliang, Shanxi, China
| | - Chunming Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head-neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Wu H, Liu Y, Liao Z, Mo J, Zhang Q, Zhang B, Zhang L. The role of YAP1 in liver cancer stem cells: proven and potential mechanisms. Biomark Res 2022; 10:42. [PMID: 35672802 PMCID: PMC9171972 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-022-00387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
YAP1 (Yes-associated protein 1) is one of the principal factors that mediates oncogenesis by acting as a driver of gene expression. It has been confirmed to play an important role in organ volume control, stem cell function, tissue regeneration, tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis. Recent research findings show that YAP1 is correlated with the stemness of liver cancer stem cells, and liver cancer stem cells are closely associated with YAP1-induced tumor initiation and progression. This article reviews the advancements made in research on the mechanisms by which YAP1 promotes liver cancer stem cells and discusses some potential mechanisms that require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofeng Wu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Institute of Hepato-Pancreato-Bililary Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yachong Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Institute of Hepato-Pancreato-Bililary Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibin Liao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Institute of Hepato-Pancreato-Bililary Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Mo
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Institute of Hepato-Pancreato-Bililary Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaofeng Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Institute of Hepato-Pancreato-Bililary Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Institute of Hepato-Pancreato-Bililary Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Institute of Hepato-Pancreato-Bililary Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University; Shanxi Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
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Liang JH, Xu QD, Gu SG. LncRNA RSU1P2-microRNA let-7a-Testis-Expressed Protein 10 axis modulates tumorigenesis and cancer stem cell-like properties in liver cancer. Bioengineered 2022; 13:4285-4300. [PMID: 35156514 PMCID: PMC8974045 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2031394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
LncRNAs exert important functions in the modulation of tumorigenesis and cancer stem cell-like properties in liver cancer. However, the role of LncRNA Ras suppressor protein 1 pseudogene 2 (RSU1P2) in modulating tumorigenesis and cancer stem cell-like properties in liver cancer is still not known. In this study, the expression of LncRNA RSU1P2 was significantly elevated in liver cancer tissues and cells. Besides, knockdown of RSU1P2 repressed cell viability, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of liver cancer cells and the expressions of cancer stem cell-related genes, whereas facilitated the apoptosis of liver cancer cells. In addition, LncRNA RSU1P2 can interact with microRNA let-7a (let-7a), and repress let-7a expression. Testis-Expressed Protein 10 (Tex10) was identified to be a target of let-7a, and let-7a repressed Tex10 expression. Finally, RSU1P2 knockdown suppressed tumor volume, tumor weight, and EMT in a xenograft model. Therefore, LncRNA RSU1P2 promotes tumorigenesis and cancer stem cell-like properties in liver cancer through let-7a/Tex10 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hong Liang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Minimally Invasive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Qiao-Dong Xu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Minimally Invasive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Song-Gang Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- CONTACT Song-Gang Gu Department of Hepatobiliary surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
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Lu J, Guo J, Liu J, Mao X, Xu K. Long Non-coding RNA MALAT1: A Key Player in Liver Diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:734643. [PMID: 35145971 PMCID: PMC8821149 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.734643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exceed 200 nucleotides in length are considered to be involved in both developmental processes and various diseases. Here, we focus on lncRNA MALAT1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1), which was one of the most important lncRNAs in proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. MALAT1 plays a regulatory role in liver diseases, including hepatic fibrosis, liver regeneration, liver cancer, and fatty liver diseases. In the current review, we summarize the latest literature about the function roles of MALAT1 in liver disorders. Probing the regulatory mechanism and cross talk of MALAT1 with other signaling pathways of pathological processes would improve the prognosis, diagnosis of liver diseases, and offer a promising candidate target for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Mao
- Haining People' Hospital, Haining Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Kaijin Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Kaijin Xu
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Olea europaea Leaf Extract Suppress Stemness-Characteristics of Gastric Cancer via Long non-coding RNAs. Eur J Integr Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2022.102099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Xu C, Yin H, Jiang X, Sun C. Silencing long noncoding RNA LINC01138 inhibits aerobic glycolysis to reduce glioma cell proliferation by regulating the microRNA‑375/SP1 axis. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:846. [PMID: 34643249 PMCID: PMC8524433 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a primary cerebral neoplasm that originates from glial tissue and spreads to the central nervous system. Long noncoding RNAs are known to play a role in glioma cells by regulating cell proliferation, migration and invasion. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism by which long intergenic non‑protein coding RNA (LINC) 01138 affects glycolysis and proliferation in glioma cells via the microRNA (miR)‑375/specificity protein 1 (SP1) axis. LINC01138 expression was assessed in glioma tissues and cells using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and the association between LINC01138 and patient clinicopathological features was analyzed. Glucose uptake, lactic acid secretion, cell proliferation, and glycolysis‑related enzyme levels were detected following LINC01138 silencing using CCK‑8, EDU assay and western blot analysis. miR‑375 and SP1 expression levels were also assessed, and the distribution of LINC01138 in the nucleus and cytoplasm was investigated using subcellular fractionation localization. Furthermore, the binding relationships between LINC01138 and miR‑375, and between miR‑375 and SP1 were assessed via dual‑luciferase experiment, RIP and RNA pull‑down assays. Finally, xenograft transplantation models were used to verify the in vitro results. LINC01138 was highly expressed in glioma, which was independent of patient sex or age but was significantly related to tumor diameter, the World Health Organization tumor grade and lymph node metastasis. Silencing LINC01138 significantly reduced glioma glycolysis and cell proliferation. Moreover, LINC01138 acted as a competing endogenous RNA to sponge miR‑375 and promote SP1 expression. miR‑375 inhibition significantly reversed the effect of LINC01138 silencing. In addition, silencing LINC01138 significantly reduced tumor growth in vivo. The present study demonstrated that silencing LINC01138 inhibited aerobic glycolysis and thus reduced glioma cell proliferation, potentially by modulating the miR‑375/SP1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengning Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Haoran Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Xi Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Chunming Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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23
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Wang P, Bai C, Shen S, Jiang C, Deng J, Han D. MALAT1 promotes malignant pleural mesothelioma by sponging miR-141-3p. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:1653-1667. [PMID: 34761116 PMCID: PMC8569281 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to clarify the role of lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in proliferation, migration, and invasion of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cells. The quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of MALAT1 in MPM cell lines. The effects of MALAT1 and miR-141-3p on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of MPM cells were studied through a series of in vitro cellular experiments. The flow cytometry was utilized to detect the cell apoptosis. The dual‐luciferase reporter assay was employed to explore the binding relationship among MALAT1, miR-141-3p, and YES-associated protein 1 (YAP1). MALAT1 was overexpressed in MPM cell lines, while its knockdown significantly inhibited the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and increased the number of MPM cells in the G0/G1 phase. In addition, MALAT1 could directly bind to miR-141-3p and inhibit its expression. YAP1 has been identified as a downstream target of miR-141-3p, and its expression level was inhibited by miR-141-3p. MALAT1 can be used as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate the YAP1-Hippo signaling pathway through miR-141-3p, promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of MPM cells, and provide a new target for the therapy of MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Cuiwei Bai
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Shasha Shen
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Chang Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Luoyang CITIC Central Hospital, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Dan Han
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Kunming 650032, China
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Zhao J, Wang Y, Su H, Su L. Non-coding RNAs as biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma-A systematic review. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2021; 45:101736. [PMID: 34146723 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2021.101736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common malignancy in the world and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death, and its incidence is increasing globally. Despite significant advances in treatment strategies for HCC, the prognosis is still poor due to its high recurrence rate. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the pathogenesis of HCC and further develop new therapies to improve the prognosis and quality of life of HCC patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are small non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression that is abnormally expressed in cancer-associated genomic regions or vulnerable sites. More and more findings have shown that miRNAs are important regulatory factors of mRNA expression in HCC, and they are receiving more and more attention as a possible key biomarker of HCC. This review mainly summarizes the potential applied value on miRNAs as diagnostic, drug resistant, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers in the diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of HCC. Also, we summarize the research value of long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and miRNAs network in HCC as novel biomarkers, aiming at providing some references for the therapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinying Zhao
- The Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine (Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- Department of Morphology, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.
| | - Huahua Su
- The Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine (Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Lijia Su
- The Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine (Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
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25
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LncRNAs in tumor microenvironment: The potential target for cancer treatment with natural compounds and chemical drugs. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 193:114802. [PMID: 34678226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It was thought that originally long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were a kind of RNAs without any encoding function. Recently, a variety of studies have shown that lncRNAs play important roles in many life activities. The abnormal expression of lncRNAs in tumor microenvironment (TME) usually promotes the proliferation, migration, and drug resistance of tumor cells through direct or indirect effects, which also usually predicts the poor prognosis. The regulation of lncRNAs expression in TME could significantly inhibit tumor progress. However, the interaction between lncRNAs and TME has not been fully defined at present. Therefore, this paper provided the systemic summary of their interaction and natural products and chemicals targeting lncRNAs in cancer treatment. Currently, the strategies of cancer treatment still have their limits. Understanding the relationship between TME and lncRNAs can help us to realize breakthrough strategy for tumor treatment.
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MicroRNA-375: potential cancer suppressor and therapeutic drug. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:229736. [PMID: 34494089 PMCID: PMC8458691 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MiR-375 is a conserved noncoding RNA that is known to be involved in tumor cell proliferation, migration, and drug resistance. Previous studies have shown that miR-375 affects the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human tumor cells via some key transcription factors, such as Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), Specificity protein 1 (SP1) and signaling pathways (Wnt signaling pathway, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway) and is vital for the development of cancer. Additionally, recent studies have identified microRNA (miRNA) delivery system carriers for improved in vivo transportation of miR-375 to specific sites. Here, we discussed the role of miR-375 in different types of cancers, as well as molecular mechanisms, and analyzed the potential of miR-375 as a molecular biomarker and therapeutic target to improve the efficiency of clinical diagnosis of cancer.
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27
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Zhu Y, Xu G, Han C, Xing G. The emerging landscape of long non-coding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2021; 14:920-937. [PMID: 34646411 PMCID: PMC8493264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and aggressive cancers. HCC shows high prevalence and lethality caused by a variety of etiologic factors. However, the underlying mechanisms and the diagnostic markers identifying patients at risk in advance has not been entirely elucidated. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a subgroup of non-coding RNAs greater than 200 nucleotides in length with no protein-coding capability. With the progress in sequencing technologies and bioinformatic tools, the landscape of lncRNAs is being revealed. Numerous discoveries point out that lncRNAs participate in HCC carcinogenesis and metastasis through altering cell proliferation and invasion ability, apoptosis, and chemo- or radio-sensitivity. Moreover, lncRNA is easy to detect compared to the traditional diagnostic methods. This review summarizes the mechanisms of major lncRNAs in HCC discovered in recent years and lncRNAs as early diagnostic markers for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yungang Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Teda HospitalTianjin 300457, China
| | - Guoping Xu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211, China
| | - Changrui Han
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Teda HospitalTianjin 300457, China
| | - Gang Xing
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Teda HospitalTianjin 300457, China
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28
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Liu K, Ou JHJ. Regulators of liver cancer stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1127-1133. [PMID: 34567430 PMCID: PMC8422929 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i8.1127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths. It is often detected at a stage when there are few therapeutic options. Liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) are highly tumorigenic and resistant to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Their presence in HCC is a major reason why HCC is difficult to treat. The development of LCSCs is regulated by a variety of factors. This review summarizes recent advances on the factors that regulate the development of LCSCs. Due to the importance of LCSCs in the development of HCC, a better understanding of how LCSCs are regulated will help to improve the treatments for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jing-Hsiung James Ou
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
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29
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Barik GK, Sahay O, Behera A, Naik D, Kalita B. Keep your eyes peeled for long noncoding RNAs: Explaining their boundless role in cancer metastasis, drug resistance, and clinical application. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188612. [PMID: 34391844 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis and drug resistance are two major obstacles in the treatment of cancer and therefore, the leading cause of cancer-associated mortalities worldwide. Hence, an in-depth understanding of these processes and identification of the underlying key players could help design a better therapeutic regimen to treat cancer. Earlier thought to be merely transcriptional junk and having passive or secondary function, recent advances in the genomic research have unravelled that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play pivotal roles in diverse physiological as well as pathological processes including cancer metastasis and drug resistance. LncRNAs can regulate various steps of the complex metastatic cascade such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, migration and metastatic colonization, and also affect the sensitivity of cancer cells to various chemotherapeutic drugs. A substantial body of literature for more than a decade of research evince that lncRNAs can regulate gene expression at different levels such as epigenetic, transcriptional, posttranscriptional, translational and posttranslational levels, depending on their subcellular localization and through their ability to interact with DNA, RNA and proteins. In this review, we mainly focus on how lncRNAs affect cancer metastasis by modulating expression of key metastasis-associated genes at various levels of gene regulation. We also discuss how lncRNAs confer cancer cells either sensitivity or resistance to various chemo-therapeutic drugs via different mechanisms. Finally, we highlight the immense potential of lncRNAs as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Kumar Barik
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Osheen Sahay
- Proteomics Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Abhayananda Behera
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Debasmita Naik
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Bhargab Kalita
- Proteomics Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India.
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30
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Hajiesmaeili M, Shoorei H, Bahroudi Z, Taheri M, Sharifi G. The Impact of lncRNAs and miRNAs in Regulation of Function of Cancer Stem Cells and Progression of Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:696820. [PMID: 34368145 PMCID: PMC8339916 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.696820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have two important features, namely the ability for self-renewal and the capacity to differentiate into some cell kinds with specialized functions. These two features are also present in cancer stem cells (CSCs). These cells have been detected in almost all kinds of cancers facilitating their tumorigenicity. Molecular cascades that control self-renewal of stem cells, namely the Wnt, Notch, and Hedgehog pathways have been suggested to influence CSCs functions as well. Moreover, non-coding RNAs can regulate function of CSCs. Function of miRNAs in the regulation of CSCs has been mostly assessed in breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. miR-130a-3p, miR-600, miR-590-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-221, miR-222, miR-638, miR-375, miR-31, and miR-210 are among those regulating this feature in breast cancer. Moreover, miR-206, miR-192-5p, miR-500a-3p, miR-125, miR-125b, miR-613, miR-217, miR-194, and miR-494 regulate function of CSCs in hepatocellular carcinoma. DILC, lncTCF7, MUF, HAND2-AS1, MALAT1, DLX6-AS1, HOTAIR, and XIST are among lncRNAs that regulate function of CSCs. In the present paper, we explain the effects of these two classes of non-coding RNAs in the regulation of activity of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Hajiesmaeili
- Critical Care Quality Improvement Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahroudi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Guive Sharifi
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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31
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Ye D, Deng Y, Shen Z. The Role and Mechanism of MALAT1 Long Non-Coding RNA in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:4127-4136. [PMID: 34267526 PMCID: PMC8275198 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s317234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most common malignant tumor of the head and neck. HNSCC mainly affects the oral cavity and the laryngeal, laryngopharyngeal, and oropharyngeal tracts. The high incidence, hidden onset, low survival rate, and unsatisfactory effects of treatment effect underscore the importance of identify the mechanisms of HNSCC occurrence and development. Although there is a very urgent need for early diagnosis and treatment, there are currently no reliable early HNSCC diagnosis biomarkers or effective treatment targets. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is widely involved in biological processes, especially as a key regulator of tumorigenesis and development. Lung adenocarcinoma metastasis-associated transcript 1 (MALAT1) is an important member of the lncRNA family that can regulate the occurrence and development of a variety of malignant tumors and is anticipated to be an ideal marker for early tumor diagnosis and an effective therapeutic target. Here, we review the research progress into the role of MALAT1 in the diagnosis and treatment of HNSCC and its regulatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqin Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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32
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Yue J, Wu Y, Qiu L, Zhao R, Jiang M, Zhang H. LncRNAs link cancer stemness to therapy resistance. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1051-1068. [PMID: 33948345 PMCID: PMC8085841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a cellular subpopulation accelerating cancer cell growth, invasion and metastasis and survival. After chemoradiotherapy, CSCs are enriched because of their survival advantages and lead to tumor relapse and metastasis. Elimination of CSCs is critically important for the radical treatment of human cancers. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides and have no protein-coding potential. Aberrant expressions of lncRNAs are associated with human diseases including cancer. LncRNAs function as cancer biomarkers, prognostic factors and therapeutic targets. They induce cancer stemness by chromatin modification, transcriptional regulation or post-transcriptional regulation of target genes as a sponge or through assembling a scaffold complex. Several factors caused aberrant expressions of lncRNAs in CSCs such as genes mutations, epigenetic alteration and environmental stimuli. Targeting of lncRNAs has been demonstrated to significantly reverse the chemoradioresistance of CSCs. In this review, we have summarized the progress of studies regarding lncRNAs-mediated therapy resistance of CSCs and clarified the molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, we have for the first time analyzed the influences of lncRNAs on cell metabolism and emphasized the effect of tumor microenvironment on lncRNAs functions in CSCs. Overall, the thorough understanding of the association of lncRNAs and CSCs would contribute to the reversal of therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yue
- Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310002, China
| | - Yueguang Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310002, China
| | - Liqing Qiu
- Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310002, China
| | - Ruping Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310002, China
| | - Mingfeng Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310002, China
| | - Hongfang Zhang
- Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310002, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310006, China
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Su K, Wang N, Shao Q, Liu H, Zhao B, Ma S. The role of a ceRNA regulatory network based on lncRNA MALAT1 site in cancer progression. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111389. [PMID: 33601150 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As a type of non-coding RNA of more than 200 nucleotides, long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) lack protein coding ability and can regulate gene expression. MicroRNAs(miRNAs), which are also non-coding RNAs, are short single-stranded RNAs, usually composed of 18-23 nucleotides. MiRNAs inhibits gene expression by specifically binding to the 3'-UTR of downstream target mRNAs and can function as oncogenes or suppressor oncogenes to regulate the occurrence and development of cancer. LncRNAs can function as competitive endogenous RNAs that bind to miRNAs, resulting in the recovery of downstream mRNA expression and activity. The regulatory network existing between lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs regulates a variety of biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion as well as cell-cycle arrest. Disruption of the ceRNA network affects cell growth and development and often leads to various diseases, especially cancer. The lncRNA MALAT1, which is located on chromosome 11q13, contains more than 8000 nucleotides and is implicated in the occurrence and development of many cancers. Here, we review the impact of the ceRNA network and the lncRNA MALAT1 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Su
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China.
| | - Nannan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China.
| | - Qianqian Shao
- Scientific Research Office of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China.
| | - Hao Liu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceuticals, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China.
| | - Bao Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China.
| | - Shiyin Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China.
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De Novo Profiling of Long Non-Coding RNAs Involved in MC-LR-Induced Liver Injury in Whitefish: Discovery and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020941. [PMID: 33477898 PMCID: PMC7833382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a potent hepatotoxin for which a substantial gap in knowledge persists regarding the underlying molecular mechanisms of liver toxicity and injury. Although long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been extensively studied in model organisms, our knowledge concerning the role of lncRNAs in liver injury is limited. Given that lncRNAs show low levels of sequence conservation, their role becomes even more unclear in non-model organisms without an annotated genome, like whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus). The objective of this study was to discover and profile aberrantly expressed polyadenylated lncRNAs that are involved in MC-LR-induced liver injury in whitefish. Using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) data, we de novo assembled a high-quality whitefish liver transcriptome. This enabled us to find 94 differentially expressed (DE) putative evolutionary conserved lncRNAs, such as MALAT1, HOTTIP, HOTAIR or HULC, and 4429 DE putative novel whitefish lncRNAs, which differed from annotated protein-coding transcripts (PCTs) in terms of minimum free energy, guanine-cytosine (GC) base-pair content and length. Additionally, we identified DE non-coding transcripts that might be 3′ autonomous untranslated regions (3′UTRs) of mRNAs. We found both evolutionary conserved lncRNAs as well as novel whitefish lncRNAs that could serve as biomarkers of liver injury.
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35
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Goyal B, Yadav SRM, Awasthee N, Gupta S, Kunnumakkara AB, Gupta SC. Diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic significance of long non-coding RNA MALAT1 in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1875:188502. [PMID: 33428963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a widely studied lncRNA in cancer. Although dispensable for normal physiology, MALAT1 is important for cancer-related pathways regulation. It is localized in the nuclear speckles periphery along with centrally located pre-RNA splicing factors. MALAT1 associated cancer signaling pathways include MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT, β-catenin/Wnt, Hippo, VEGF, YAP, etc. Molecular tools such as immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down, reporter assay, Northern blotting, microarray, and q-RT-PCR has been used to elucidate MALAT1's function in cancer pathogenesis. MALAT1 can regulate multiple steps in the development of tumours. The diagnostic and prognostic significance of MALAT1 has been demonstrated in cancers of the breast, cervix, colorectum, gallbladder, lung, ovary, pancreas, prostate, glioma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and multiple myeloma. MALAT1 has also emerged as a novel therapeutic target for solid as well as hematological malignancies. In experimental models, siRNA and antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) based strategy has been used for targeting MALAT1. The lncRNA has also been targeted for the chemosensitization and radiosensitization of cancer cells. However, most studies have been performed in preclinical models. How the cross-talk of MALAT1 with other signaling pathways affect cancer pathogenesis is the focus of this article. The diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic significance of MALAT1 in multiple cancer types are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bela Goyal
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shashi Ranjan Mani Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nikee Awasthee
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sweety Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, India
| | - Subash Chandra Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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Chaleshi V, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Nourian M, Iravani S, Jalaeikhoo H, Rajaeinejad M, Khoshdel AR, Naghoosi H. Association of MALAT1 expression in gastric carcinoma and the significance of its clinicopathologic features in an Iranian patient. GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY FROM BED TO BENCH 2021; 14:108-114. [PMID: 33968337 PMCID: PMC8101524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of MALAT1 and the relationship between its expression with clinical characteristics in an Iranian gastric cancer patient. BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) play critical roles in the initiation and development of gastric cancer. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a highly conserved lncRNA and plays key roles in various types of human cancer. However, our understanding of the role of lncRNAs in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer is not fully clear. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on 41 gastric tumor tissue samples with matched normal adjacent tumor tissues. The RNA level of lncRNA MALAT1 gene was assessed using quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction. B2M was used as an internal control. The 2 -ΔΔCq method was adopted to determine expression fold changes. RESULTS A significant association was observed between the levels of MALAT1 in gastric tumor tissues compared with normal adjacent tissues (mean= 1.558, p= 0.014). In addition, clinicopathologic data on MALAT1 RNA expression levels in gastric cancer tissues was evaluated. No significant association was observed between the relative expression of MALAT1 and the stage, grade, H. pylori infection, and tumor size groups among gastric cancer patients (p= 0.82, p= 0.904, p= 0.407, and p= 0.701, respectively). CONCLUSION The current results showed that MALAT1 has a significant association in gastric cancer. The expression of MALAT1 may be used as a diagnostic biomarker for monitoring gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Chaleshi
- Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahyar Nourian
- Mahak Hematology Oncology Research Center (Mahak-HORC), Mahak Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Iravani
- Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hasan Jalaeikhoo
- Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Rajaeinejad
- Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Reza Khoshdel
- Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamed Naghoosi
- Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Yin L, Chen G. Verteporfin Promotes the Apoptosis and Inhibits the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Cervical Cancer Cells by Downregulating SULT2B1 Expression. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e926780. [PMID: 33079922 PMCID: PMC7586758 DOI: 10.12659/msm.926780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer threatens women’s health worldwide. Verteporfin (VP), a small-molecule YAP1 inhibitor, inhibits cancer cell growth. This study investigated whether VP could inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by decreasing SULT2B1 expression. Material/Methods Normal and cancerous cervical cell proliferation after VP treatment was detected by CCK-8 assay. HeLa cell migration, invasion, and apoptosis after VP treatment and transfection were analyzed by wound healing assay, transwell assay, and TUNEL assay, respectively. The expression of related proteins was determined by western blot analysis. Western blot and RT-qPCR analysis detected mRNA and protein expression of SULT2B1. Results Different VP concentrations (0.5, 1, 2, and 5 μM) inhibited the viability of HeLa cells and had no obvious effect on H8 cells. Therefore, 5 μM VP was selected for subsequent experiments. VP inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HeLa cells and promoted their apoptosis. Bcl-2 expression decreased, and expression of Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 in VP-treated HeLa cells increased. SULT2B1 expression increased in cervical cancer cells compared with normal cervical cells. Furthermore, SULT2B1 expression increased in HeLa cells and VP suppressed SULT2B1 expression. SULT2B1 overexpression reduced the inhibiting effect of VP on the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of HeLa cells, and reduced VP effect on apoptosis of HeLa cells. SULT2B1 overexpression upregulated the Bcl-2 expression and downregulated the expression of Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 in VP-treated HeLa cells. Conclusions VP inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by decreasing SULT2B1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Yin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Guilin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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