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Lee YHA, Hui JMH, Leung CH, Tsang CTW, Hui K, Tang P, Chan JSK, Dee EC, Ng K, McBride S, Nguyen PL, Tse G, Ng CF. Major adverse cardiovascular events of enzalutamide versus abiraterone in prostate cancer: a retrospective cohort study. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2023:10.1038/s41391-023-00757-0. [PMID: 38049634 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-023-00757-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the cardiovascular risks of androgen receptor pathway inhibitors have been studied, they were seldom compared directly. This study compares the risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) between enzalutamide and abiraterone among prostate cancer (PCa) patients. METHODS Adult PCa patients receiving either enzalutamide or abiraterone in addition to androgen deprivation therapy in Hong Kong between 1 December 1999 and 31 March 2021 were identified in this retrospective cohort study. Patients who switched between enzalutamide and abiraterone, initiated abiraterone used without steroids, or experienced prior cardiac events were excluded. Patients were followed-up until 30 September 2021. The primary outcomes were MACE, a composite of stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), Heart failure (HF), or all-cause mortality and a composite of adverse cardiovascular events (CACE) not including all-cause mortality. The secondary outcomes were individual components of MACE. Inverse probability treatment weighting was used to balance covariates between treatment groups. RESULTS In total, 1015 patients were analyzed (456 enzalutamide users and 559 abiraterone users; mean age 70.6 ± 8.8 years old) over a median follow-up duration of 11.3 (IQR: 5.3-21.3) months. Enzalutamide users had significantly lower risks of 4P-MACE (weighted hazard ratio (wHR) 0.71 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.59-0.86], p < 0.001) and CACE (wHR 0.63 [95% CI: 0.42-0.96], p = 0.031), which remained consistent in multivariable analysis. Such an association may be stronger in patients aged ≥65 years or without diabetes mellitus and was independent of bilateral orchidectomy. Enzalutamide users also had significantly lower risks of MI (wHR 0.57 [95% CI: 0.33-0.97], p = 0.040) and all-cause mortality (wHR 0.71 [95% CI: 0.59-0.85], p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Enzalutamide was associated with lower cardiovascular risks than abiraterone in PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hiu Athena Lee
- Cardio-Oncology Research Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, PowerHealth Research Institute, Hong Kong, China
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jeremy Man Ho Hui
- Cardio-Oncology Research Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, PowerHealth Research Institute, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Ho Leung
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christopher Tze Wei Tsang
- Cardio-Oncology Research Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, PowerHealth Research Institute, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kyle Hui
- Cardio-Oncology Research Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, PowerHealth Research Institute, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pias Tang
- Cardio-Oncology Research Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, PowerHealth Research Institute, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jeffrey Shi Kai Chan
- Cardio-Oncology Research Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, PowerHealth Research Institute, Hong Kong, China
| | - Edward Christopher Dee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kenrick Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sean McBride
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul L Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gary Tse
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
- Kent and Medway Medical School, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NT, UK.
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chi Fai Ng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Griesler B, Schuelke C, Uhlig C, Gadasheva Y, Grossmann C. Importance of Micromilieu for Pathophysiologic Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activity—When the Mineralocorticoid Receptor Resides in the Wrong Neighborhood. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012592. [PMID: 36293446 PMCID: PMC9603863 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a member of the steroid receptor family and acts as a ligand-dependent transcription factor. In addition to its classical effects on water and electrolyte balance, its involvement in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and renal diseases has been the subject of research for several years. The molecular basis of the latter has not been fully elucidated, but an isolated increase in the concentration of the MR ligand aldosterone or MR expression does not suffice to explain long-term pathologic actions of the receptor. Several studies suggest that MR activity and signal transduction are modulated by the surrounding microenvironment, which therefore plays an important role in MR pathophysiological effects. Local changes in micromilieu, including hypoxia, ischemia/reperfusion, inflammation, radical stress, and aberrant salt or glucose concentrations affect MR activation and therefore may influence the probability of unphysiological MR actions. The surrounding micromilieu may modulate genomic MR activity either by causing changes in MR expression or MR activity; for example, by inducing posttranslational modifications of the MR or novel interaction with coregulators, DNA-binding sites, or non-classical pathways. This should be considered when developing treatment options and strategies for prevention of MR-associated diseases.
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Kurekova S, Tomaskova ZS, Andelova N, Macejova D, Cervienkova M, Brtko J, Ferko M, Grman M, Mackova K. The effect of all-trans retinoic acid on the mitochondrial function and survival of cardiomyoblasts exposed to local photodamage. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:947-964. [PMID: 35191136 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Kurekova
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 840 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Sevcikova Tomaskova
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 840 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Natalia Andelova
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84104, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dana Macejova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michaela Cervienkova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 81237, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Julius Brtko
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Ferko
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84104, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marian Grman
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarina Mackova
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 840 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Barrera-Chimal J, Bonnard B, Jaisser F. Roles of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Cardiovascular and Cardiorenal Diseases. Annu Rev Physiol 2022; 84:585-610. [PMID: 35143332 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-060821-013950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation in the heart and vessels leads to pathological effects, such as excessive extracellular matrix accumulation, oxidative stress, and sustained inflammation. In these organs, the MR is expressed in cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and inflammatory cells. We review the accumulating experimental and clinical evidence that pharmacological MR antagonism has a positive impact on a battery of cardiac and vascular pathological states, including heart failure, myocardial infarction, arrhythmic diseases, atherosclerosis, vascular stiffness, and cardiac and vascular injury linked to metabolic comorbidities and chronic kidney disease. Moreover, we present perspectives on optimization of the use of MR antagonists in patients more likely to respond to such therapy and review the evidence suggesting that novel nonsteroidal MR antagonists offer an improved safety profile while retaining their cardiovascular protective effects. Finally, we highlight future therapeutic applications of MR antagonists in cardiovascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Barrera-Chimal
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Fisiología Cardiovascular y Trasplante Renal, Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Benjamin Bonnard
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France;
| | - Frederic Jaisser
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France; .,INSERM Centre d'Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, CHRU de Nancy, French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (F-CRIN INI-CRCT), Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
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Driscoll RK, Krasniewski LK, Cockey SG, Yang JH, Piao Y, Lehrmann E, Zhang Y, Michel M, Noh JH, Cui CY, Gorospe M. GRSF1 deficiency in skeletal muscle reduces endurance in aged mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:14557-14570. [PMID: 34078750 PMCID: PMC8221292 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
GRSF1 is a mitochondrial RNA-binding protein important for maintaining mitochondrial function. We found that GRSF1 is highly expressed in cultured skeletal myoblasts differentiating into myotubes. To understand the physiological function of GRSF1 in vivo, we generated mice in which GRSF1 was specifically ablated in skeletal muscle. The conditional knockout mice (Grsf1cKO) appeared normal until 7-9 months of age. Importantly, however, a reduction of muscle endurance compared to wild-type controls was observed in 16- to 18-month old Grsf1cKO mice. Transcriptomic analysis revealed more than 200 mRNAs differentially expressed in Grsf1cKO muscle at this age. Notably, mRNAs encoding proteins involved in mitochondrial function, inflammation, and ion transport, including Mgarp, Cxcl10, Nfkb2, and Sln mRNAs, were significantly elevated in aged Grsf1cKO muscle. Our findings suggest that GRSF1 deficiency exacerbates the functional decline of aged skeletal muscle, likely through multiple downstream effector proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley K. Driscoll
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Linda K. Krasniewski
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Samuel G. Cockey
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jen-Hao Yang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yulan Piao
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Elin Lehrmann
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Marc Michel
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Ji Heon Noh
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang-Yi Cui
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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Mechanisms Underlying the Regulation of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complexes by Nuclear Steroid Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186683. [PMID: 32932692 PMCID: PMC7555717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes play important roles in energy production via oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to drive various biochemical processes in eukaryotic cells. These processes require coordination with other cell organelles, especially the nucleus. Factors encoded by both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA are involved in the formation of active respiratory chain complexes and 'supercomplexes', the higher-order structures comprising several respiratory chain complexes. Various nuclear hormone receptors are involved in the regulation of OXPHOS-related genes. In this article, we review the roles of nuclear steroid receptors (NR3 class nuclear receptors), including estrogen receptors (ERs), estrogen-related receptors (ERRs), glucocorticoid receptors (GRs), mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs), progesterone receptors (PRs), and androgen receptors (ARs), in the regulatory mechanisms of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex and supercomplex formation.
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