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Liu TT, Sun HF, Han YX, Zhan Y, Jiang JD. The role of inflammation in silicosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1362509. [PMID: 38515835 PMCID: PMC10955140 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1362509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is a chronic illness marked by diffuse fibrosis in lung tissue resulting from continuous exposure to SiO2-rich dust in the workplace. The onset and progression of silicosis is a complicated and poorly understood pathological process involving numerous cells and molecules. However, silicosis poses a severe threat to public health in developing countries, where it is the most prevalent occupational disease. There is convincing evidence supporting that innate and adaptive immune cells, as well as their cytokines, play a significant role in the development of silicosis. In this review, we describe the roles of immune cells and cytokines in silicosis, and summarize current knowledge on several important inflammatory signaling pathways associated with the disease, aiming to provide novel targets and strategies for the treatment of silicosis-related inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yun Zhan
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Zhai W, Wang Z, Ye C, Ke L, Wang H, Liu H. IL-6 Mutation Attenuates Liver Injury Caused by Aeromonas hydrophila Infection by Reducing Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17215. [PMID: 38139043 PMCID: PMC10743878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pleiotropic cytokine, plays a crucial role in acute stress induced by bacterial infection and is strongly associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, the role of IL-6 in the liver of fish after Aeromonas hydrophila infection remains unclear. Therefore, this study constructed a zebrafish (Danio rerio) il-6 knockout line by CRISPR/Cas9 to investigate the function of IL-6 in the liver post bacterial infection. After infection with A. hydrophila, pathological observation showed that il-6-/- zebrafish exhibited milder liver damage than wild-type (WT) zebrafish. Moreover, liver transcriptome sequencing revealed that 2432 genes were significantly up-regulated and 1706 genes were significantly down-regulated in il-6-/- fish compared with WT fish after A. hydrophila infection. Further, gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in redox-related terms, including oxidoreductase activity, copper ion transport, etc. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways such as the PPAR signaling pathway, suggesting that il-6 mutation has a significant effect on redox processes in the liver after A. hydrophila infection. Additionally, il-6-/- zebrafish exhibited lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in the liver compared with WT zebrafish following A. hydrophila infection, indicating that IL-6 deficiency mitigates oxidative stress induced by A. hydrophila infection in the liver. These findings provide a basis for further studies on the role of IL-6 in regulating oxidative stress in response to bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Zhai
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (L.K.); (H.W.)
| | - Zhensheng Wang
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (L.K.); (H.W.)
| | - Canxun Ye
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (L.K.); (H.W.)
| | - Lan Ke
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (L.K.); (H.W.)
| | - Huanling Wang
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (L.K.); (H.W.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (L.K.); (H.W.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
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Krzyzaniak K, Krion R, Szymczyk A, Stepniewska E, Sieminski M. Exploring Neuroprotective Agents for Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10780. [PMID: 37445958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition resulting from an inflammatory overreaction that is induced by an infectious factor, which leads to multi-organ failure. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common complication of sepsis that can lead to acute cognitive and consciousness disorders, and no strict diagnostic criteria have been created for the complication thus far. The etiopathology of SAE is not fully understood, but plausible mechanisms include neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, altered cerebral microcirculation, alterations in neurotransmission, changes in calcium homeostasis, and oxidative stress. SAE may also lead to long-term consequences such as dementia and post-traumatic stress disorder. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of substances with neuroprotective properties that have the potential to offer neuroprotection in the treatment of SAE. An extensive literature search was conducted, extracting 71 articles that cover a range of substances, including plant-derived drugs, peptides, monoclonal antibodies, and other commonly used drugs. This review may provide valuable insights for clinicians and researchers working in the field of sepsis and SAE and contribute to the development of new treatment options for this challenging condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Krzyzaniak
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Robert Krion
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szymczyk
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewelina Stepniewska
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Mariusz Sieminski
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
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Dumbuya JS, Li S, Liang L, Zeng Q. Paediatric sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE): a comprehensive review. Mol Med 2023; 29:27. [PMID: 36823611 PMCID: PMC9951490 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00621-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is one of the most common types of organ dysfunction without overt central nervous system (CNS) infection. It is associated with higher mortality, low quality of life, and long-term neurological sequelae, its mortality in patients diagnosed with sepsis, progressing to SAE, is 9% to 76%. The pathophysiology of SAE is still unknown, but its mechanisms are well elaborated, including oxidative stress, increased cytokines and proinflammatory factors levels, disturbances in the cerebral circulation, changes in blood-brain barrier permeability, injury to the brain's vascular endothelium, altered levels of neurotransmitters, changes in amino acid levels, dysfunction of cerebral microvascular cells, mitochondria dysfunction, activation of microglia and astrocytes, and neuronal death. The diagnosis of SAE involves excluding direct CNS infection or other types of encephalopathies, which might hinder its early detection and appropriate implementation of management protocols, especially in paediatric patients where only a few cases have been reported in the literature. The most commonly applied diagnostic tools include electroencephalography, neurological imaging, and biomarker detection. SAE treatment mainly focuses on managing underlying conditions and using antibiotics and supportive therapy. In contrast, sedative medication is used judiciously to treat those showing features such as agitation. The most widely used medication is dexmedetomidine which is neuroprotective by inhibiting neuronal apoptosis and reducing a sepsis-associated inflammatory response, resulting in improved short-term mortality and shorter time on a ventilator. Other agents, such as dexamethasone, melatonin, and magnesium, are also being explored in vivo and ex vivo with encouraging results. Managing modifiable factors associated with SAE is crucial in improving generalised neurological outcomes. From those mentioned above, there are still only a few experimentation models of paediatric SAE and its treatment strategies. Extrapolation of adult SAE models is challenging because of the evolving brain and technical complexity of the model being investigated. Here, we reviewed the current understanding of paediatric SAE, its pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic methods, therapeutic interventions, and potential emerging neuroprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Sieh Dumbuya
- Department of Paediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Liang
- Department of Paediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyi Zeng
- Department of Paediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China.
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Fan Z, Ma H, Li Y, Wu Y, Wang J, Xiong L, Fang Z, Zhang X. Neuronal MD2 induces long-term mental impairments in septic mice by facilitating necroptosis and apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:884821. [PMID: 36016572 PMCID: PMC9396348 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.884821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a complication of sepsis with high morbidity rates. Long-lasting mental health issues in patients with SAE result in a substantial decrease in quality of life. However, its underlying mechanism is unclear, and effective treatments are not available. In the current study, we explored the role of apoptosis and necroptosis related to mental dysfunction in sepsis. In a mouse model of sepsis constructed by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), altered behavior was detected by the open field, elevated-plus maze and forced swimming tests on the fourteenth day. Moreover, apoptosis- and necroptosis-associated proteins and morphological changes were examined in the hippocampus of septic mice. Long-lasting depression-like behaviors were detected in the CLP mice, as well as significant increases in neuronal apoptosis and necroptosis. Importantly, we found that apoptosis and necroptosis were related according to Ramsay’s rule in the brains of the septic mice. Inhibiting myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2), the crosstalk mediator of apoptosis and necroptosis, in neurons effectively reduced neuronal loss and alleviated depression-like behaviors in the septic mice. These results suggest that neuronal death in the hippocampus contributes to the mental impairments in SAE and that inhibiting neuronal MD2 is a new strategy for treating mental health issues in sepsis by inhibiting necroptosis and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Fan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology and Perioprative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology and Perioprative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology and Perioprative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - You Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology and Perioprative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology and Perioprative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lize Xiong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology and Perioprative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence and Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongping Fang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology and Perioprative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zongping Fang, ; Xijing Zhang,
| | - Xijing Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology and Perioprative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zongping Fang, ; Xijing Zhang,
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Cui Y, Zhou Y, Gan N, Xiang Q, Xia M, Liao W, Zheng XL, Peng J, Tang Z. The Role of Extracellular Non-coding RNAs in Atherosclerosis. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:477-491. [PMID: 35233720 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10218-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a complex chronic inflammatory disease that leads to myocardial infarction, stroke, and disabling peripheral artery disease. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) directly participate in various physiological processes and exhibit a wide range of biological functions. The present review discusses how different ncRNAs participate in the process of AS in various carrier forms. We focused on the role and potential mechanisms of extracellular ncRNAs in AS and examined their potential implications for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Cui
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province School of Basic Medical Sciences Hengyang Medical School, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yating Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province School of Basic Medical Sciences Hengyang Medical School, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Ni Gan
- Hengyang Medical School, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Qiong Xiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province School of Basic Medical Sciences Hengyang Medical School, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Mengdie Xia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province School of Basic Medical Sciences Hengyang Medical School, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Liao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province School of Basic Medical Sciences Hengyang Medical School, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Juan Peng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province School of Basic Medical Sciences Hengyang Medical School, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhihan Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province School of Basic Medical Sciences Hengyang Medical School, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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