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Chen B, Li YF, Fang Z, Cai WY, Tian ZQ, Li D, Wang ZM. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate protects sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction by inhibiting the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27163. [PMID: 38449632 PMCID: PMC10915574 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) has become one of the most lethal complications of sepsis, while the treatment was limited by a shortage of pertinent drugs. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the highest content of active substances in green tea, and its application in cardiovascular diseases has broad prospects. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that EGCG was able to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced myocardial dysfunction and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. The cardiac systolic function was assessed by echocardiography. The cardiomyocyte apoptosis was determined by TUNEL staining. The expression of inflammatory factors and apoptosis-related protein, cardiac markers were examined by Western Blot and qRT-PCR. EGCG effectively improve LPS-induced cardiac function damage, enhance left ventricular systolic function, and restore myocardial cell vitality. It can effectively inhibit the upregulation of TLR4 expression induced by LPS and inhibit IκB α/NF- κB/p65 signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improving myocarditis. In conclusion, EGCG protects against SIMD through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis effects; it was mediated by the inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway. Our results demonstrated that EGCG might be a possible medicine for SIMD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ya-Fei Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhang Fang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wen-Yi Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dianfu Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ze-Mu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
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Xia R, Shan Y, Luo S, Li J, Liu Y. CIRC_0033530 KNOCKDOWN ALLEVIATES LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED ACUTE LUNG INJURY MODEL OF HUMAN LUNG FIBROBLASTS BY MIR-1184/TLR4 AXIS. Shock 2024; 61:215-222. [PMID: 37962954 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: Circular RNAs have been reported to be involved in regulating the progression of sepsis and sepsis-associated damage. Herein, this work investigated whether circ_0033530 had roles in the process of septic acute lung injury (sepsis-ALI) and its associated mechanism. Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human lung fibroblasts MRC-5 were used to mimic the cell model of sepsis-ALI in vitro . Levels of genes and proteins were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Functional experiments were conducted using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assay, Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The interaction between miR-1184 and circ_0033530 or toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Results: Circ_0033530 expression was lower in sepsis patients and LPS-induced fibroblasts than those in healthy control and untreated cells. Functionally, knockdown of circ_0033530 protected fibroblasts against LPS-induced proliferation arrest, apoptosis, and inflammatory response. Mechanistically, circ_0033530 acted as a sponge for miR-1184, and TLR4 RNA was targeted by miR-1184, indicating the circ_0033530/miR-1184/TLR4 axis. Further rescue experiments showed that circ_0033530 silencing-mediated growth inhibition and inflammation on fibroblasts were attenuated by miR-1184 downregulation or TLR4 upregulation. Conclusion: Circ_0033530 knockdown alleviated LPS-induced proliferation arrest, apoptosis, and inflammation in lung fibroblasts by miR-1184/TLR4 axis, and provided molecular theoretical basis for circ_0033530 on the pathogenesis of sepsis-ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xia
- Synthesize Intensive Care Unit, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian 463000, China
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3
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Hadi SMH, Majeed S, Ghafil FA, Altoraihi K, Hadi NR. Xanthohumol ameliorates cardiac injury induced by sepsis in a mice model: role of toll-like receptor 4. J Med Life 2023; 16:1105-1110. [PMID: 37900069 PMCID: PMC10600665 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, a life-threatening condition arising from infection, often results in multi-organ failure, including cardiac dysfunction. This study investigated Xanthohumol, a natural compound, and its potential mechanism of action to enhance heart function following sepsis. A total of twenty-four adult male Swiss albino mice were allocated randomly to one of four equal groups (n=6): sham, CLP, vehicle Xanthohumol the same amount of DMSO injected IP 10 minutes before the CLP, and Xanthohumol group (0.4 mg/kg of Xanthohumol administered IP before the CLP process). Toll-like receptor 4, pro-inflammatory mediators, anti-inflammatory markers, oxidative stress indicators, apoptosis markers, and serum cardiac damage biomarkers were measured in the cardiac tissue using ELISA. Data with normal distribution were analyzed using t-test and ANOVA tests (p<0.05). In comparison to the sham group, the sepsis group had significantly higher levels of TLR-4, IL-6, TNF-α, MIF, F2-isoprostane, caspase-3, cTn-I, and CK-MB, while the pre-treated group with Xanthohumol had significantly lower levels (p<0.05) of these markers than the sepsis group. Bcl-2 showed no significant difference in Xanthohumol pre-treated group relative to the sepsis group, while IL-10 was significantly elevated. Xanthohumol dramatically reduced cardiac tissue injury (p<0.05) relative to the CLP group. By blocking the downstream signal transduction pathways of TLR-4 and NF-kB, Xanthohumol was shown to lessen cardiac damage in male mice during CLP-induced polymicrobial sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sahar Majeed
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Fadhaa Abdulameer Ghafil
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Kaswer Altoraihi
- Medical College, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Najah Rayish Hadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
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4
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Nong Y, Wei X, Yu D. Inflammatory mechanisms and intervention strategies for sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e860. [PMID: 37249297 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) is the leading cause of death in patients with sepsis in the intensive care units. The main manifestations of SIMD are systolic and diastolic dysfunctions of the myocardium. Despite our initial understanding of the SIMD over the past three decades, the incidence and mortality of SIMD remain high. This may be attributed to the large degree of heterogeneity among the initiating factors, disease processes, and host states involved in SIMD. Previously, organ dysfunction caused by sepsis was thought to be an impairment brought about by an excessive inflammatory response. However, many recent studies have shown that SIMD is a consequence of a combination of factors shaped by the inflammatory responses between the pathogen and the host. In this article, we review the mechanisms of the inflammatory responses and potential novel therapeutic strategies in SIMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Nong
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuebiao Wei
- Department of Geriatric Intensive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danqing Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Zhu W, Luo W, Han J, Zhang Q, Ji L, Samorodov AV, Pavlov VN, Zhuang Z, Yang D, Yin L, Huang L, Liang G, Huh JY, Wang Y. Schisandrin B protects against LPS-induced inflammatory lung injury by targeting MyD88. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154489. [PMID: 36270224 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) is a challenging clinical syndrome that manifests as an acute inflammatory response. Schisandrin B (Sch B), a bioactive lignan from Schisandra genus plants, has been shown to suppress inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have remained elusive. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE This study performed an in-depth investigation of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Sch B in macrophages and in an animal model of ALI. METHODS qPCR array was used to probe the differential effects and potential target of Sch B. ALI was induced by intratracheal administration of LPS in experimental mice with or without Sch B treatment. RESULTS Our studies show that Sch B differentially modulates inflammatory factor induction by LPS in macrophages by directly binding myeloid differentiation response factor-88 (MyD88), an essential adaptor protein in the toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) pathway. Sch B spares non-MyD88-pathways downstream of TLR4. Such inhibition suppressed key signaling mediators such as TAK1, MAPKs, and NF-κB, and pro-inflammatory factor induction. Pull down assay using biotinylated-Sch B validate the direct interaction between Sch B and MyD88 in macrophages. Treatment of mice with Sch B prior to LPS challenge reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in lungs, induction of MyD88-pathway signaling proteins, and prevented inflammatory cytokine induction. CONCLUSION In summary, our studies have identified MyD88 as a direct target of Sch B for its anti-inflammatory activity, and suggest that Sch B may have therapeutic value for acute lung injury and other MyD88-dependent inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medial University (Xiangshan First People's Hospital Medical and Health Group), Xiangshan, Zhejiang 315799, China
| | - Wu Luo
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Jibo Han
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qiuyan Zhang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lijun Ji
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Valentin N Pavlov
- Department of Pharmacology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450005, Russia
| | - Zaishou Zhuang
- The Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cangnan, Zhejiang 325800, China
| | - Daona Yang
- The Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cangnan, Zhejiang 325800, China
| | - Lina Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311399, China
| | - Lijiang Huang
- Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medial University (Xiangshan First People's Hospital Medical and Health Group), Xiangshan, Zhejiang 315799, China
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; The Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cangnan, Zhejiang 325800, China
| | - Joo Young Huh
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yi Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medial University (Xiangshan First People's Hospital Medical and Health Group), Xiangshan, Zhejiang 315799, China.
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lncRNA IL-17RA-1 Attenuates LPS-Induced Sepsis via miR-7847-3p/PRKCG-Mediated MAPK Signaling Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:9923204. [PMID: 36274974 PMCID: PMC9584741 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9923204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis represents a syndrome of systemic inflammatory response, which is mostly a result of infection with various pathogenic microorganisms, characterized by an uncontrolled infection response of the organism leading to life-threatening organ dysfunction. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), as competing endogenous RNA, can affect the binding of microRNA (miRNA) to mRNA, thus influencing the development of sepsis. In this study, based on transcriptome data from GEO database, we screened differentially expressed lncRNAs and constructed lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. And pathway IL-17RA-1/miR-7847-3p/protein kinase C gamma (PRKCG) coexpression network was successfully sorted out. The effect of this network on LPS-induced sepsis model in THP-1 cells was also verified by CCK-8, scratch, ELISA, Western blot, and qRT-PCR assays. Corresponding binding sites of miR-7847-3p to IL-17RA-1 and miR-7847-3p to PRKCG were verified using dual luciferase gene reporter assays, respectively. Compared with control, si-IL-17RA-1 significantly inhibited the cell viability and migration ability of THP-1, and levels of proinflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α secreted were markedly decreased, and the expression of IL-17RA-1, PRKCG, p-MEKK1, and p-JNK were markedly reduced. In addition, IL-17RA-1 could target binding to miR-7847-3p and inhibit its expression, and miR-7847-3p could also bind to PRKCG. Our experiments demonstrate that IL17-RA-1 attenuates the sepsis response through the miR-7847-3p/MAPK pathway, and this competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network may be a potential approach to predict and combat sepsis.
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7
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Bi CF, Liu J, Yang LS, Zhang JF. Research Progress on the Mechanism of Sepsis Induced Myocardial Injury. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:4275-4290. [PMID: 35923903 PMCID: PMC9342248 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s374117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is an abnormal condition with multiple organ dysfunctions caused by the uncontrolled infection response and one of the major diseases that seriously hang over global human health. Besides, sepsis is characterized by high morbidity and mortality, especially in intensive care unit (ICU). Among the numerous subsequent organ injuries of sepsis, myocardial injury is one of the most common complications and the main cause of death in septic patients. To better manage septic inpatients, it is necessary to understand the specific mechanisms of sepsis induced myocardial injury (SIMI). Therefore, this review will elucidate the pathophysiology of SIMI from the following certain mechanisms: apoptosis, mitochondrial damage, autophagy, excessive inflammatory response, oxidative stress and pyroptosis, and outline current therapeutic strategies and potential approaches in SIMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Fei Bi
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China
- Medical Experimental Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Shan Yang
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Li-Shan Yang; Jun-Fei Zhang, Email ;
| | - Jun-Fei Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China
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González-Hedström D, Moreno-Rupérez Á, de la Fuente-Fernández M, de la Fuente-Muñoz M, Román-Carmena M, Amor S, García-Villalón ÁL, López-Calderón A, Isabel Martín A, Priego T, Granado M. A Nutraceutical Product Based on a Mixture of Algae and Extra Virgin Olive Oils and Olive Leaf Extract Attenuates Sepsis-Induced Cardiovascular and Muscle Alterations in Rats. Front Nutr 2022; 9:918841. [PMID: 35795581 PMCID: PMC9252429 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.918841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals are products of natural origin widely used for the treatment and/or prevention of some chronic diseases that are highly prevalent in Western countries, such as obesity or type II diabetes, among others. However, its possible use in the prevention of acute diseases that can put life at risk has been poorly studied. Sepsis is an acute condition that causes cardiovascular and skeletal muscle damage due to a systemic inflammatory state. The aim of this work was to evaluate the possible beneficial effect of a new nutraceutical based on a mixture of algae oil (AO) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) supplemented with an olive leaf extract (OLE) in the prevention of cardiovascular alterations and skeletal muscle disorders induced by sepsis in rats. For this purpose, male Wistar rats were treated with the nutraceutical or with water p.o. for 3 weeks and after the treatment they were injected with 1mg/kg LPS twice (12 and 4 h before sacrifice). Pretreatment with the nutraceutical prevented the LPS-induced decrease in cardiac contractility before and after the hearts were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion. At the vascular level, supplementation with the nutraceutical did not prevent hypotension in septic animals, but it attenuated endothelial dysfunction and the increased response of aortic rings to the vasoconstrictors norepinephrine and angiotensin-II induced by LPS. The beneficial effects on cardiovascular function were associated with an increased expression of the antioxidant enzymes SOD-1 and GSR in cardiac tissue and SOD-1 and Alox-5 in arterial tissue. In skeletal muscle, nutraceutical pretreatment prevented LPS-induced muscle proteolysis and autophagy and significantly increased protein synthesis as demonstrated by decreased expression of MURF-1, atrogin-1, LC3b and increased MCH-I and MCH -IIa in gastrocnemius muscle. These effects were associated with a decrease in the expression of TNFα, HDAC4 and myogenin. In conclusion, treatment with a new nutraceutical based on a mixture of AO and EVOO supplemented with OLE is useful to prevent cardiovascular and muscular changes induced by sepsis in rats. Thus, supplementation with this nutraceutical may constitute an interesting strategy to reduce the severity and mortality risk in septic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel González-Hedström
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- R&D Department, Pharmactive Biotech Products S.L.U., Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Moreno-Rupérez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Marta Román-Carmena
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Amor
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Asunción López-Calderón
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Martín
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Priego
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Granado
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Miriam Granado,
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9
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Hasselbach L, Weidner J, Elsässer A, Theilmeier G. Heart Failure Relapses in Response to Acute Stresses - Role of Immunological and Inflammatory Pathways. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:809935. [PMID: 35548445 PMCID: PMC9081344 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.809935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases continue to be the most imminent health care problems in the western world, accounting for numerous deaths per year. Heart failure (HF), namely the reduction of left ventricular function, is one of the major cardiovascular disease entities. It is chronically progressing with relapsing acute decompensations and an overall grave prognosis that is little different if not worse than most malignant diseases. Interestingly acute metabolically and/or immunologically challenging events like infections or major surgical procedures will cause relapses in the course of preexisting chronic heart failure, decrease the patients wellbeing and worsen myocardial function. HF itself and or its progression has been demonstrated to be driven at least in part by inflammatory pathways that are similarly turned on by infectious or non-infectious stress responses. These thus add to HF progression or relapse. TNF-α plasma levels are associated with disease severity and progression in HF. In addition, several cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6) are involved in deteriorating left ventricular function. Those observations are based on clinical studies using inhibitors of cytokines or their receptors or they stem from animal studies examining the effect of cytokine mediated inflammation on myocardial remodeling in models of heart failure. This short review summarizes the known underlying immunological processes that are shared by and drive all: chronic heart failure, select infectious diseases, and inflammatory stress responses. In conclusion the text provides a brief summary of the current development in immunomodulatory therapies for HF and their overlap with treatments of other disease entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Hasselbach
- Division of Cardiology and Division of Perioperative Inflammation and Infection, Department Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Weidner
- Division of Perioperative Inflammation and Infection, Department Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Albrecht Elsässer
- Division of Cardiology, Department Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Gregor Theilmeier
- Division of Perioperative Inflammation and Infection, Department Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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10
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Liu H, Nguyen HH, Yoon KT, Lee SS. Pathogenic Mechanisms Underlying Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy. FRONTIERS IN NETWORK PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 2:849253. [PMID: 36926084 PMCID: PMC10013066 DOI: 10.3389/fnetp.2022.849253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac dysfunction associated with cirrhosis in the absence of preexisting heart disease is a condition known as cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM). Cardiac abnormalities consist of enlargement of cardiac chambers, attenuated systolic and diastolic contractile responses to stress stimuli, and repolarization changes. CCM may contribute to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality after liver transplantation and other major surgeries, and also to the pathogenesis of hepatorenal syndrome. The underlying mechanisms of CCM are poorly understood and as such medical therapy is an area of unmet medical need. The present review focuses on the pathogenic mechanisms responsible for development of CCM. The two major concurrent mechanistic pathways are the inflammatory phenotype due to portal hypertension, and protein/lipid synthetic/metabolic defects due to cirrhosis and liver insufficiency. The inflammatory phenotype arises from intestinal congestion due to portal hypertension, resulting in bacteria/endotoxin translocation into the systemic circulation. The cytokine storm associated with inflammation, particularly TNFα acting via NFκB depresses cardiac function. They also stimulate two evanescent gases, nitric oxide and carbon monoxide which produce cardiodepression by cGMP. Inflammation also stimulates the endocannabinoid CB-1 pathway. These systems inhibit the stimulatory beta-adrenergic contractile pathway. The liver insufficiency of cirrhosis is associated with defective synthesis or metabolism of several substances including proteins and lipids/lipoproteins. The protein defects including titin and collagen contribute to diastolic dysfunction. Other protein abnormalities such as a switch of myosin heavy chain isoforms result in systolic dysfunction. Lipid biochemical changes at the cardiac sarcolemmal plasma membrane result in increased cholesterol:phospholipid ratio and decreased membrane fluidity. Final common pathway changes involve abnormal cardiomyocyte intracellular ion kinetics, particularly calcium. In conclusion, cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is caused by two pathways of cellular and molecular dysfunction/damage due to hepatic insufficiency and portal hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqun Liu
- Liver Unit, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Henry H Nguyen
- Liver Unit, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ki Tae Yoon
- Liver Center, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Samuel S Lee
- Liver Unit, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
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11
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Wu Q, Yin CH, Li Y, Cai JQ, Yang HY, Huang YY, Zheng YX, Xiong K, Yu HL, Lu AP, Wang KX, Guan DG, Chen YP. Detecting Critical Functional Ingredients Group and Mechanism of Xuebijing Injection in Treating Sepsis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:769190. [PMID: 34938184 PMCID: PMC8687625 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.769190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory reaction caused by various infectious or noninfectious factors, which can lead to shock, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and death. It is one of the common complications and a main cause of death in critically ill patients. At present, the treatments of sepsis are mainly focused on the controlling of inflammatory response and reduction of various organ function damage, including anti-infection, hormones, mechanical ventilation, nutritional support, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Among them, Xuebijing injection (XBJI) is an important derivative of TCM, which is widely used in clinical research. However, the molecular mechanism of XBJI on sepsis is still not clear. The mechanism of treatment of "bacteria, poison and inflammation" and the effects of multi-ingredient, multi-target, and multi-pathway have still not been clarified. For solving this issue, we designed a new systems pharmacology strategy which combines target genes of XBJI and the pathogenetic genes of sepsis to construct functional response space (FRS). The key response proteins in the FRS were determined by using a novel node importance calculation method and were condensed by a dynamic programming strategy to conduct the critical functional ingredients group (CFIG). The results showed that enriched pathways of key response proteins selected from FRS could cover 95.83% of the enriched pathways of reference targets, which were defined as the intersections of ingredient targets and pathogenetic genes. The targets of the optimized CFIG with 60 ingredients could be enriched into 182 pathways which covered 81.58% of 152 pathways of 1,606 pathogenetic genes. The prediction of CFIG targets showed that the CFIG of XBJI could affect sepsis synergistically through genes such as TAK1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and MEK1 in the pathways of MAPK, NF-κB, PI3K-AKT, Toll-like receptor, and tumor necrosis factor signaling. Finally, the effects of apigenin, baicalein, and luteolin were evaluated by in vitro experiments and were proved to be effective in reducing the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, significantly. These results indicate that the novel integrative model can promote reliability and accuracy on depicting the CFIGs in XBJI and figure out a methodological coordinate for simplicity, mechanism analysis, and secondary development of formulas in TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi- Wu
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuan-Hui Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-Qi Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han-Yun Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Ying Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Xu Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Xiong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Lang Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Ping Lu
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong China
| | - Ke-Xin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,National Key Clinical Specialty/Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Institute, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dao-Gang Guan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Peng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Wang Y, Xu M, Yue P, Zhang D, Tong J, Li Y. Novel Insights Into the Potential Mechanisms of N6-Methyladenosine RNA Modification on Sepsis-Induced Cardiovascular Dysfunction: An Update Summary on Direct and Indirect Evidences. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:772921. [PMID: 34869371 PMCID: PMC8633316 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.772921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a host’s dysfunctional response to infection. As is known to all, septic heart disease occurs because pathogens invading the blood stimulate the activation of endothelial cells, causing a large number of white blood cells to accumulate and trigger an immune response. However, in severe sepsis, the hematopoietic system is inhibited, and there will also be a decline in white blood cells, at which time the autoimmune system will also be suppressed. During the immune response, a large number of inflammatory factors are released into cells to participate in the inflammatory process, which ultimately damages cardiac myocytes and leads to impaired cardiac function. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a common RNA modification in mRNA and non-coding RNA that affects RNA splicing, translation, stability, and epigenetic effects of some non-coding RNAs. A large number of emerging evidences demonstrated m6A modification had been involved in multiple biological processes, especially for sepsis and immune disorders. Unfortunately, there are limited results provided to analyze the association between m6A modification and sepsis-induced cardiovascular dysfunction (SICD). In this review, we firstly summarized current evidences on how m6A mediates the pathophysiological process in cardiac development and cardiomyopathy to emphasize the importance of RNA methylation in maintaining heart biogenesis and homeostasis. Then, we clarified the participants of m6A modification in extended inflammatory responses and immune system activation, which are the dominant and initial changes secondary to sepsis attack. After that, we deeply analyzed the top causes of SICD and identified the activation of inflammatory cytokines, endothelial cell dysfunction, and mitochondrial failure. Thus, the highlight of this review is that we systematically collected all the related potential mechanisms between m6A modification and SICD causes. Although there is lack of direct evidences on SICD, indirect evidences had been demonstrated case by case on every particular molecular mechanism and signal transduction, which require further explorations into the potential links among the listed mechanisms. This provides novel insights into the understanding of SICD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Miaomiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Immunology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Yue
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiyu Tong
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Immunology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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