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Liang D, Li G. Pulling the trigger: Noncoding RNAs in white adipose tissue browning. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:399-420. [PMID: 38157150 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09866-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) serves as the primary site for energy storage and endocrine regulation in mammals, while brown adipose tissue (BAT) is specialized for thermogenesis and energy expenditure. The conversion of white adipocytes to brown-like fat cells, known as browning, has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for reversing obesity and its associated co-morbidities. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of transcripts that do not encode proteins but exert regulatory functions on gene expression at various levels. Recent studies have shed light on the involvement of ncRNAs in adipose tissue development, differentiation, and function. In this review, we aim to summarize the current understanding of ncRNAs in adipose biology, with a focus on their role and intricate mechanisms in WAT browning. Also, we discuss the potential applications and challenges of ncRNA-based therapies for overweight and its metabolic disorders, so as to combat the obesity epidemic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehuan Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine (Beijing Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoping Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
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Liang B, Zhang XX, Gu N. Guanxin V Relieves Ventricular Remodeling by Inhibiting Inflammation: Implication from Virtual Screening, Systematic Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Validation. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:1077-1086. [PMID: 37528325 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3642-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To reveal the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Guanxin V, which is prescribed for ventricular remodeling in clinical practice. METHODS Guanxin V-, ventricular remodeling-, and inflammation-related targets were obtained through an integrated strategy of virtual screening and systematic pharmacology, and then the shared targets were visualised with a Venn diagram. Guanxin V network and the protein-protein interaction network were drawn, and enrichment analysis was conducted. Finally, the main results obtained from the integrated strategy were validated by molecular docking and in vivo experiments. RESULTS A total of 251, 11,425, and 15,246 Guanxin V-, ventricular remodeling-, and inflammation-related targets were acquired, respectively. Then, 211 shared targets were considered to contribute to the mechanism of ventricular remodeling treated by Guanxin V. Guanxin network and the protein-protein interaction network were drawn, and enrichment analysis showed some cardiovascular-related biological processes and signaling pathways. Molecular docking revealed that the Guanxin V-derived compounds could align with key targets. Final in vivo experiments proved that Guanxin V reverses ventricular remodeling by inhibiting inflammation. CONCLUSION Guanxin V relieves ventricular remodeling by regulating inflammation, which provides new ideas for the anti-ventricular remodeling mechanism of Guanxin V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210022, China
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Ning Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210022, China.
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Soliman HAM, Salaah SM, Hamed M, Sayed AEDH. Toxicity of co-exposure of microplastics and lead in African catfish ( Clarias gariepinus). Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1279382. [PMID: 37869502 PMCID: PMC10588188 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1279382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are an emerging threat to freshwater ecosystems with several ecotoxicological ramifications for fish. Microplastics (MPs) can adsorb heavy metals on their surfaces and increase their availability to aquatic organisms. The combined impact of lead and microplastics on fish has only been studied seldom utilizing a variety of markers. The present study aimed to evaluate the hematological, biochemical, and inflammatory signals (cytokines), as well as antioxidant enzymes in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to lead (Pb) and MPs individually and combined for 15 days (acute toxicity experiment). The fish were split into four groups, the first of which was the control group. The second group received exposure to 1 mg/L of lead nitrate [Pb(NO3)2]. The third group was given 100 mg/L of MPs. A solution containing 100 mg/L of MPs and 1 mg/L of lead nitrate [Pb(NO3)2] was administered to the fourth group (the combination group). According to the findings, when MPs and Pb were combined for 15 days, the red blood cells (RBCs), thrombocytes, and lymphocytes were significantly reduced in comparison to the control fish. When compared to the control fish, the fish exposed to MPs and Pb alone or together showed a significant rise in blood interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokines. Both MPs and Pb exposure in catfish resulted in significant changes in the plasma electrolytes. The fish treated with MPs and Pb individually or in combination showed significant reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels compared to the control group. The fish exposed to the combined action of MPs and Pb showed a considerable modification in all biochemical markers. The difference in the mean concentration of Pb (mg/L) between the fish exposed to Pb alone and the fish subjected to Pb and MPs combination was not statistically significant. In conclusion, according to this investigation, exposure to Pb caused an insignificant increase in Pb accumulation when MPs were present. However, co-exposure may result in anemia, cellular harm, extremely high levels of oxidative stress, and an inflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sally M. Salaah
- Fresh Water Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hamed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Alaa El-Din H. Sayed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Molecular Biology Research and Studies Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Alak G, Turkez H, Ucar A, Yeltekin AC, Ozgeris FB, Parlak V, Atamanalp M. Neuroprotective properties of borax against aluminum hydroxide-induced neurotoxicity: Possible role of Nrf-2/BDNF/AChE pathways in fish brain. Brain Res 2023; 1803:148241. [PMID: 36639094 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The current study was designed to assess the possible neuroprotective effect of borax (BX) against the toxicity of aluminum hydroxide [AH, Al (OH)3] on brain of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with multibiomarker approaches. For this purpose, the presence of the neuroprotective action by BX against the AH exposure was assessed by the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO), acetylcholinesterase (AChE). In addition, we evaluated glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), DNA damage (8-OHdG), apoptosis (caspase 3), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), nuclear factor erythroid-2 (Nrf-2), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in 96 h semi-static treatment. In the 48th and 96th hour samplings, apoptosis induced by AH in the Nrf-2/BDNF/AChE pathways in rainbow trout brain tissue was revealed by DNA damage, enzyme inhibitions and lipid peroxidations. On the contrary applications of BX supported antioxidant capacity without leading apoptosis, lipid peroxidation, inflammatory response and DNA damage. BX also increased the BDNF levels and AChE activity. Moreover, BX exerted a neuroprotective effect against AH-induced neurotoxicity via down-regulating cytokine-related pathways, minimising DNA damage, apoptosis as well as up-regulating GSH, AChE, BDNF and antioxidant enzyme levels. It can be concluded that the combination of borax with AH modulated the toxic effects of AH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonca Alak
- Department of Seaafod Processing, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Arzu Ucar
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | | | - Fatma Betul Ozgeris
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Veysel Parlak
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Atamanalp
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Yang Q, Fan W, Lai B, Liao B, Deng M. lncRNA-TCONS_00008552 expression in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension due to congenital heart disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281061. [PMID: 36893166 PMCID: PMC9997923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are potential regulators of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, there is a series of differentially expressed lncRNAs in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) that may be used as markers to diagnose PAH and even predict the prognosis. However, their specific mechanisms remain largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated the biological role of lncRNAs in patients with PAH. First, we screened patients with PAH secondary to ventricular septal defect (VSD) and those with VSD without PAH to assess differences in lncRNA and mRNA expression between the two groups. Our results revealed the significant upregulation of 813 lncRNAs and 527 mRNAs and significant downregulation of 541 lncRNAs and 268 mRNAs in patients with PAH. Then, we identified 10 hub genes in a constructed protein-protein interaction network. Next, we performed bioinformatics analyses, including Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis and subsequently constructed coding-noncoding co-expression networks. We screened lncRNA-TCONS_00008552 and lncRNA-ENST00000433673 as candidate genes and verified the expression levels of the lncRNAs using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. Although expression levels of lncRNA-TCONS_00008552 in the plasma from the PAH groups were significantly increased compared with the control groups, there was no significant difference in the expression of lncRNA-ENST00000433673 between the two groups. This study bolsters our understanding of the role of lncRNA in PAH occurrence and development and indicates that lncRNA-TCONS_00008552 is a novel potential molecular marker for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
- Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases) Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
- Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases) Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Banghui Lai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
- Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases) Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bin Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
- Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases) Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- * E-mail: (BL); (MD)
| | - Mingbin Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
- Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases) Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- * E-mail: (BL); (MD)
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Wufuer A, Luohemanjiang X, Du L, Lei J, Shabier M, Han DF, Ma J. ANRIL overexpression globally induces expression and alternative splicing of genes involved in inflammation in HUVECs. Mol Med Rep 2022; 27:27. [PMID: 36524379 PMCID: PMC9813546 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non‑coding (lnc)RNAs serve important cellular functions and certain lncRNAs have roles in different mechanisms of gene regulation. lncRNA‑antisense non‑coding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) affects cell inflammation; however, the potential genes underlying the inflammatory response regulated by ANRIL remain unclear. In the present study, the potential function of ANRIL in regulating gene expression and alternative splicing was assessed. ANRIL‑regulated human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) transcriptome was obtained using high‑throughput RNA sequencing (RNA‑seq) to evaluate the potential role of ANRIL. Following plasmid transfection, gene expression profile and alternative splicing pattern of HUVECs overexpressing ANRIL were analyzed using RNA‑seq. ANRIL overexpression affected the transcription levels of genes associated with the inflammatory response, NF‑κB signaling pathway, type I interferon‑mediated signal transduction pathway and innate immune response. ANRIL regulated the alternative splicing of hundreds of genes with functions such as gene expression, translation, DNA repair, RNA processing and participation in the NF‑κB signaling pathway. Many of these genes serve a key role in the inflammatory response. ANRIL‑regulated inflammatory response may be achieved by regulating alternate splicing and transcription. The present study broadened the understanding of ANRIL‑mediated gene regulation mechanisms and clarified the role of ANRIL in mediating inflammatory response mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alimu Wufuer
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Xiemusiye Luohemanjiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Lei Du
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Jing Lei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Mayila Shabier
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Deng Feng Han
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Jianhua Ma, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Zhao Y, Dhani S, Zhivotovsky B. Unveiling caspase-2 regulation by non-coding RNAs. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:834. [PMID: 36171196 PMCID: PMC9519946 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05270-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a group of RNA molecules, such as small nucleolar RNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and long-noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), that do not encode proteins. Although their biofunctions are not well-understood, many regulatory ncRNAs appear to be highly involved in regulating the transcription and translation of several genes that have essential biological roles including cell differentiation, cell death, metabolism, tumorigenesis and so on. A growing number of studies have revealed the associations between dysregulated ncRNAs and caspases involved in cell death in numerous human diseases. As one of the initiator and executor caspases, caspase-2 is the most evolutionally conserved caspase in mammals, exerting both apoptotic and non-apoptotic functions. A great deal of studies has shown the involvement of caspase-2 as a tumor suppressor in multiple oncogene-driven cancers, and yet a comprehensive understanding of its biological roles remains largely unknown. In this review, we highlight a compilation of studies focused on the interaction between caspase-2 and miRNAs/lncRNAs in the context of different diseases in order to deepen our knowledge on the regulatory biofunctions of caspase-2 and, furthermore, provide more insight into understanding the role that ncRNAs/caspase-2 axis plays in the development of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhao
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shanel Dhani
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.14476.300000 0001 2342 9668Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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