1
|
Thompson D, Lawrentschuk N, Bolton D. New Approaches to Targeting Epigenetic Regulation in Bladder Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061856. [PMID: 36980741 PMCID: PMC10046617 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics is a growing field and in bladder cancer, it is of particular interest in advanced or metastatic disease. As opposed to genetic mutations in which the nucleotide sequence itself is altered, epigenetic alterations refer to changes to the genome that do not involve nucleotides. This is of great interest in cancer research because epigenetic alterations are reversible, making them a promising target for pharmacological agents. While chemoimmunotherapy is the mainstay for metastatic disease, there are few alternatives for patients who have progressed on first- or second-line treatment. By targeting reversible epigenetic alterations, novel epigenetic therapies are important potential treatment options for these patients. A search of clinical registries was performed in order to identify and collate epigenetic therapies currently in human trials. A literature search was also performed to identify therapies that are currently in preclinical stages, whether this be in vivo or in vitro models. Twenty-five clinical trials were identified that investigated the use of epigenetic inhibitors in patients with bladder cancer, often in combination with another agent, such as platinum-based chemotherapy or pembrolizumab. The main classes of epigenetic inhibitors studied include DNA-methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitors, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, and histone methyltransferase (HMT) inhibitors. At present, no phase 3 clinical trials have been registered. Few trials have published results, though DNMT inhibitors have shown the most promise thus far. Many patients with advanced or metastatic bladder cancer have limited treatment options, particularly when first- or second-line chemoimmunotherapy fails. Epigenetic alterations, which are common in bladder cancer, are potential targets for drug therapies, and these epigenetic agents are already in use for many cancers. While they have shown promise in pre-clinical trials for bladder cancer, more research is needed to assess their benefit in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daryl Thompson
- Department of Surgery, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Nathan Lawrentschuk
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Department of Urology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
- EJ Whitten Prostate Cancer Research Centre at Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, VC 3121, Australia
| | - Damien Bolton
- Department of Surgery, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC 3084, Australia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li F, Zheng Z, Chen W, Li D, Zhang H, Zhu Y, Mo Q, Zhao X, Fan Q, Deng F, Han C, Tan W. Regulation of cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer by epigenetic mechanisms. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 68:100938. [PMID: 36774746 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.100938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world. Cisplatin is one of the most potent and widely used anticancer drugs and has been employed in several malignancies. Cisplatin-based combination chemotherapies have become important adjuvant therapies for bladder cancer patients. Cisplatin-based treatment often results in the development of chemoresistance, leading to therapeutic failure and limiting its application and effectiveness in bladder cancer. To develop improved and more effective cancer therapy, research has been conducted to elucidate the underlying mechanism of cisplatin resistance. Epigenetic modifications have been demonstrated involved in drug resistance to chemotherapy, and epigenetic biomarkers, such as urine tumor DNA methylation assay, have been applied in patients screening or monitoring. Here, we provide a systematic description of epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, noncoding RNA regulation, m6A modification and posttranslational modifications, related to cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zaosong Zheng
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, Institute of Precision Medicine, Zigong Forth People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongqing Li
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Henghui Zhang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanchao Zhu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qixin Mo
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinlei Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin Fan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Conghui Han
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wanlong Tan
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lipska K, Gumieniczek A, Pietraś R, Filip AA. HPLC-UV and GC-MS Methods for Determination of Chlorambucil and Valproic Acid in Plasma for Further Exploring a New Combined Therapy of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Molecules 2021; 26:2903. [PMID: 34068372 PMCID: PMC8153269 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High performance liquid chromatography with ultra-violet detection (HPLC-UV) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods were developed and validated for the determination of chlorambucil (CLB) and valproic acid (VPA) in plasma, as a part of experiments on their anticancer activity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). CLB was extracted from 250 µL of plasma with methanol, using simple protein precipitation and filtration. Chromatography was carried out on a LiChrospher 100 RP-18 end-capped column using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile, water and formic acid, and detection at 258 nm. The lowest limit of detection LLOQ was found to be 0.075 μg/mL, showing sufficient sensitivity in relation to therapeutic concentrations of CLB in plasma. The accuracy was from 94.13% to 101.12%, while the intra- and inter-batch precision was ≤9.46%. For quantitation of VPA, a sensitive GC-MS method was developed involving simple pre-column esterification with methanol and extraction with hexane. Chromatography was achieved on an HP-5MSUI column and monitored by MS with an electron impact ionization and selective ion monitoring mode. Using 250 µL of plasma, the LLOQ was found to be 0.075 μg/mL. The accuracy was from 94.96% to 109.12%, while the intra- and inter-batch precision was ≤6.69%. Thus, both methods fulfilled the requirements of FDA guidelines for the determination of drugs in biological materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Lipska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (K.L.); (R.P.)
| | - Anna Gumieniczek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (K.L.); (R.P.)
| | - Rafał Pietraś
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (K.L.); (R.P.)
| | - Agata A. Filip
- Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
The Impact of Chlorambucil and Valproic Acid on Cell Viability, Apoptosis and Expression of p21, HDM2, BCL2 and MCL1 Genes in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051088. [PMID: 34063233 PMCID: PMC8147495 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) show resistance to apoptosis, as well as to chemotherapy, which are related to deletions or mutations of TP53, high expression of MCL1 and BCL2 genes and other abnormalities. Thus, the main goal of the present study was to assess the impact of chlorambucil (CLB) combined with valproic acid (VPA), a known antiepileptic drug and histone deacetylation inhibitor, on apoptosis of the cells isolated from 17 patients with CLL. After incubation with CLB (17.5 µM) and VPA (0.5 mM), percentage of apoptosis, as well as expression of two TP53 target genes (p21 and HDM2) and two genes from Bcl-2 family (BCL2 and MCL1), were tested. As a result, an increased percentage of apoptosis was observed for CLL cells treated with CLB and VPA, and with CLB alone. Under the treatment with the drug combination, the expression of p21 gene was visibly higher than under the treatment with CLB alone. At the same time, the cultures under CLB treatment showed visibly higher expression of BCL2 than the cultures with VPA alone. Thus, the present study strongly suggests further investigations on the CLB and VPA combination in CLL treatment.
Collapse
|
5
|
Li T, Yu Y, Shi H, Cao Y, Liu X, Hao Z, Ren Y, Qin G, Huang Y, Wang B. Magnesium in Combinatorial With Valproic Acid Suppressed the Proliferation and Migration of Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:589112. [PMID: 33363019 PMCID: PMC7759627 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.589112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium, the second most predominant intracellular cation, plays a crucial role in many physiological functions; magnesium-based biomaterials have been widely used in clinical application. In a variety of cancer types, the high intracellular concentration of magnesium contributes to cancer initiation and progression. Therefore, we initiated this study to investigate the likelihood of confounding magnesium with cancer therapy. In this study, the anti-tumor activity of magnesium and underlying mechanisms were assessed in bladder cancer both in vitro and in vivo. The results indicated that the proliferation of bladder cancer cells was inhibited by treatment with a high concentration of MgCl2 or MgSO4. The apoptosis, G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, autophagy, and ER stress were promoted following treatment with MgCl2. However, the migratory ability of MgCl2 treated cells was similar to that of control cells, as revealed by the trans-well assay. Besides, no significant difference was observed in the proportion of CD44 or CD133 positive cells between the control and MgCl2 treated cells. Thus, to improve the therapeutic effect of magnesium, VPA was used to treat cancer cells in combination with MgCl2. As expected, combination treatment with MgCl2 and VPA could markedly reduce proliferation, migration, and in vivo tumorigenicity of UC3 cells. Moreover, the Wnt signaling was down-regulated, and ERK signaling was activated in the cells treated with combination treatment. In conclusion, the accurate utilization of MgCl2 in targeting autophagy might be beneficial in cancer therapy. Although further studies are warranted, the combination treatment of MgCl2 with VPA is an effective strategy to improve the outcome of chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianye Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hang Shi
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuhua Cao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiangfu Liu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenzhen Hao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuping Ren
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gaowu Qin
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongye Huang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bing Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Anticonvulsant valproic acid and other short-chain fatty acids as novel anticancer therapeutics: Possibilities and challenges. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2020; 70:291-301. [PMID: 32074065 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2020-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Results from numerous pre-clinical studies suggest that a well known anticonvulsant drug valproic acid (VPA) and other short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) cause significant inhibition of cancer cell proliferation by modulating multiple signaling pathways. First of all, they act as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDIs), being involved in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Afterward, VPA is shown to induce apoptosis and cell differentiation, as well as regulate Notch signaling. Moreover, it up-regulates the expression of certain G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which are involved in various signaling pathways associated with cancer. As a consequence, some pre-clinical and clinical trials were carried out to estimate anticancer effectiveness of VPA, in monotherapy and in new drug combinations, while other SCFAs were tested in pre-clinical studies. The present manuscript summarizes the most important information from the literature about their potent anticancer activities to show some future perspectives related to epigenetic therapy.
Collapse
|
7
|
Valproic acid promotes the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cells through stabilization of Snail and transcriptional upregulation of Zeb1. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 865:172745. [PMID: 31639340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) can regulate cancer progression and its inhibitors (HDACIs) have been widely used for cancer therapy. Valproic acid (VPA, 2-propylpentanoic acid) can inhibit the class I HDAC and suppress the malignancy of solid cancers. Our present study revealed that 1 mM VPA, which has no effect on cell proliferation, can significantly increase the migration and induce epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) like properties of breast cancer cells. Further, VPA increased the expression of EMT-transcription factors (EMT-TFs) Snail and Zeb1. Knockdown of Snail and Zeb1 can attenuate VPA induced cell migration and EMT. Mechanistically, VPA increased the protein stability of Snail via suppression its phosphorylation at Ser 11. As to Zeb1, VPA can increase its promoter activity and transcription via a HDAC2 dependent manner. Over expression of HDAC2 can block VPA induced expression of Zeb1. Collectively, our data revealed that VPA can trigger the EMT of breast cancer cells via upregulation of Snail and Zeb1. It indicated that more attention should be paid to the effects of VPA on the clinical therapy of breast cancer.
Collapse
|
8
|
Hajikazemi M, Sohrabi H, Yamchi A, Saeedi M. The effects of valproic acid on the mRNA expression of Natriuretic Peptide Receptor A and KQT-like subfamily Q-1 in human colon cancer cell lines. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajme.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Hajikazemi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hoda Sohrabi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ahad Yamchi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, College of Plant Production Gorgan University of Agriculture Science and Natural Recourses, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Saeedi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Revisiting Histone Deacetylases in Human Tumorigenesis: The Paradigm of Urothelial Bladder Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061291. [PMID: 30875794 PMCID: PMC6471041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary bladder cancer is a common malignancy, being characterized by substantial patient mortality and management cost. Its high somatic-mutation frequency and molecular heterogeneity usually renders tumors refractory to the applied regimens. Hitherto, methotrexate-vinblastine-adriamycin-cisplatin and gemcitabine-cisplatin represent the backbone of systemic chemotherapy. However, despite the initial chemosensitivity, the majority of treated patients will eventually develop chemoresistance, which severely reduces their survival expectancy. Since chromatin regulation genes are more frequently mutated in muscle-invasive bladder cancer, as compared to other epithelial tumors, targeted therapies against chromatin aberrations in chemoresistant clones may prove beneficial for the disease. “Acetyl-chromatin” homeostasis is regulated by the opposing functions of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). The HDAC/SIRT (super-)family contains 18 members, which are divided in five classes, with each family member being differentially expressed in normal urinary bladder tissues. Since a strong association between irregular HDAC expression/activity and tumorigenesis has been previously demonstrated, we herein attempt to review the accumulated published evidences that implicate HDACs/SIRTs as critical regulators in urothelial bladder cancer. Moreover, the most extensively investigated HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) are also analyzed, and the respective clinical trials are also described. Interestingly, it seems that HDACis should be preferably used in drug-combination therapeutic schemes, including radiation.
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
In the last decade, epigenetic drugs (such as inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases) have been intensively used for cancer treatment. Their applications have shown high anticancer effectivity and tolerable side effects. However, they are unfortunately not effective in the treatment of some types and phenotypes of cancers. Nevertheless, several studies have demonstrated that problems of drug efficacy can be overcome through the combined application of therapeutic modulates. Therefore, combined applications of epigenetic agents with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, oncolytic virotherapy and hyperthermia have been presented. This review summarizes and discusses the general principles of this approach, as introduced and supported by numerous examples. In addition, predictions of the future potential applications of this methodology are included.
Collapse
|
11
|
HDAC inhibition as a treatment concept to combat temsirolimus-resistant bladder cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:110016-110028. [PMID: 29299126 PMCID: PMC5746361 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) might be a promising molecular target to treat advanced bladder cancer, resistance develops under chronic exposure to an mTOR inhibitor (everolimus, temsirolimus). Based on earlier studies, we proposed that histone deacetylase (HDAC) blockade might circumvent resistance and investigated whether HDAC inhibition has an impact on growth of bladder cancer cells with acquired resistance towards temsirolimus. Results The HDAC inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) significantly inhibited growth, proliferation and caused G0/G1 phase arrest in RT112res and UMUC-3res. cdk1, cyclin B, cdk2, cyclin A and Skp1 p19 were down-regulated, p27 was elevated. Akt-mTOR signaling was deactivated, whereas acetylation of histone H3 and H4 in RT112res and UMUC-3res increased in the presence of VPA. Knocking down cdk2 or cyclin A resulted in a significant growth blockade of RT112res and UMUC-3res. Materials And Methods Parental (par) and resistant (res) RT112 and UMUC-3 cells were exposed to the HDAC inhibitor VPA. Tumor cell growth, proliferation, cell cycling and expression of cell cycle regulating proteins were then evaluated. siRNA blockade was used to investigate the functional impact of the proteins. Conclusions HDAC inhibition induced a strong response of temsirolimus-resistant bladder cancer cells. Therefore, the temsirolimus-VPA-combination might be an innovative strategy for bladder cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen JH, Zheng YL, Xu CQ, Gu LZ, Ding ZL, Qin L, Wang Y, Fu R, Wan YF, Hu CP. Valproic acid (VPA) enhances cisplatin sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer cells via HDAC2 mediated down regulation of ABCA1. Biol Chem 2017; 398:785-792. [PMID: 28002023 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) has been suggested to be a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI). Our present study revealed that VPA at 1 mm, which had no effect on cell proliferation, can significantly increase the sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells to cisplatin (DDP). VPA treatment markedly decreased the mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1, while had no significant effect on ABCA3, ABCA7 or ABCB10. Luciferase reporter assays showed that VPA can decrease the ABCA1 promoter activity in both A549 and H358 cells. VPA treatment also decreased the phosphorylation of SP1, which can bind to -100 and -166 bp in the promoter of ABCA1. While the phosphorylation of c-Fos and c-Jun were not changed in VPA treated NSCLC cells. Over expression of HDAC2 attenuated VPA induced down regulation of ABCA1 mRNA expression and promoter activities. Over expression of HDAC2 also attenuated VPA induced DDP sensitivity of NSCLC cells. These data revealed that VPA can increase the DDP sensitivity of NSCLC cells via down regulation of ABCA1 through HDAC2/SP1 signals. It suggested that combination of VPA and anticancer drugs such as DDP might be great helpful for treatment of NSCLC patients.
Collapse
|
13
|
Valproic Acid Induces Endocytosis-Mediated Doxorubicin Internalization and Shows Synergistic Cytotoxic Effects in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18051048. [PMID: 28498322 PMCID: PMC5454960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA), a well-known histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, is used as an anti-cancer drug for various cancers, but the synergistic anti-cancer effect of VPA and doxorubicin (DOX) combination treatment and its potential underlying mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain to be elucidated. Here, we evaluate the mono- and combination-therapy effects of VPA and DOX in HCC and identify a specific and efficient, synergistic anti-proliferative effect of the VPA and DOX combination in HCC cells, especially HepG2 cells; this effect was not apparent in MIHA cells, a normal hepatocyte cell line. The calculation of the coefficient of drug interaction confirmed the significant synergistic effect of the combination treatment. Concurrently, the synergistic apoptotic cell death caused by the VPA and DOX combination treatment was confirmed by Hoechst nuclear staining and Western blot analysis of caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activation. Co-treatment with VPA and DOX enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and autophagy, which were clearly attenuated by ROS and autophagy inhibitors, respectively. Furthermore, as an indication of the mechanism underlying the synergistic effect, we observed that DOX internalization, which was induced in the VPA and DOX combination-treated group, occurred via by the caveolae-mediated endocytosis pathway. Taken together, our study uncovered the potential effect of the VPA and DOX combination treatment with regard to cell death, including induction of cellular ROS, autophagy, and the caveolae-mediated endocytosis pathway. Therefore, these results present novel implications in drug delivery research for the treatment of HCC.
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu S, Liang B, Jia H, Jiao Y, Pang Z, Huang Y. Evaluation of cell death pathways initiated by antitumor drugs melatonin and valproic acid in bladder cancer cells. FEBS Open Bio 2017; 7:798-810. [PMID: 28593135 PMCID: PMC5458469 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective drug combinations have the potential to strengthen therapeutic efficacy and combat drug resistance. Both melatonin and valproic acid (VPA) exhibit antitumor activities in various cancer cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cell death pathways initiated by anticancer combinatorial effects of melatonin and VPA in bladder cancer cells. The results demonstrated that the combination of melatonin and VPA leads to significant synergistic growth inhibition of UC3 bladder cancer cells. Gene expression studies revealed that cotreatment with melatonin and VPA triggered the up-regulation of certain genes related to apoptosis (TNFRSF10A and TNFRSF10B), autophagy (BECN, ATG3 and ATG5) and necrosis (MLKL, PARP-1 and RIPK1). The combinatorial treatment increased the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress-related genes ATF6, IRE1, EDEM1 and ERdj4. Cotreatment with melatonin and VPA enhanced the expression of E-cadherin, and decreased the expression of N-cadherin, Fibronectin, Snail and Slug. Furthermore, the Wnt pathway and Raf/MEK/ERK pathway were activated by combinatorial treatment. However, the effects on the expression of certain genes were not further enhanced in cells following combinatorial treatment in comparison to individual treatment of melatonin or VPA. In summary, these findings provided evidence that cotreatment with melatonin and VPA exerted increased cytotoxicity by regulating cell death pathways in UC3 bladder cancer cells, but the clinical significance of combinatorial treatment still needs to be further exploited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Liu
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Bilin Liang
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Huiting Jia
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Yuhan Jiao
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Zhongqiu Pang
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Yongye Huang
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Khan Z, Khan AA, Yadav H, Prasad GBKS, Bisen PS. Survivin, a molecular target for therapeutic interventions in squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2017; 22:8. [PMID: 28536639 PMCID: PMC5415770 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-017-0038-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common cancer worldwide. The treatment of locally advanced disease generally requires various combinations of radiotherapy, surgery, and systemic therapy. Despite aggressive multimodal treatment, most of the patients relapse. Identification of molecules that sustain cancer cell growth and survival has made molecular targeting a feasible therapeutic strategy. Survivin is a member of the Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (IAP) family, which is overexpressed in most of the malignancies including SCC and totally absent in most of the normal tissues. This feature makes survivin an ideal target for cancer therapy. It orchestrates several important mechanisms to support cancer cell survival including inhibition of apoptosis and regulation of cell division. Overexpression of survivin in tumors is also associated with poor prognosis, aggressive tumor behavior, resistance to therapy, and high tumor recurrence. Various strategies have been developed to target survivin expression in cancer cells, and their effects on apoptosis induction and tumor growth attenuation have been demonstrated. In this review, we discuss recent advances in therapeutic potential of survivin in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zakir Khan
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, 474001 MP India.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Abdul Arif Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hariom Yadav
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | | | - Prakash Singh Bisen
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, 474001 MP India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wu L, Feng H, Hu J, Tian X, Zhang C. Valproic acid (VPA) promotes the epithelial mesenchymal transition of hepatocarcinoma cells via transcriptional and post-transcriptional up regulation of Snail. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:1029-1035. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
|
17
|
Hung DZ, Lin CL, Li YW, Lin YN, Lee YR, Wang CCN, Chen JJ, Lim YP. Association between antiepileptic drugs and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with epilepsy: a population-based case-control study. Brain Behav 2016; 6:e00554. [PMID: 27843704 PMCID: PMC5102649 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explored whether antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) use increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS We conducted a case-control study using data from the National Health Insurance system of Taiwan. The case group comprised 1,454 epilepsy patients with newly diagnosed HCC, and the control group comprised 1,448 epilepsy patients without HCC. Both groups had similar distributions of sex and age, and follow-up duration. Possible associations with the AEDs in Taiwan were examined. RESULTS After adjusted for AEDs (phenobarbital and primidone, clonazepam, clorazepate and diazepam, and other AEDs), and for the comorbidities of diabetes, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, hepatitis B and C virus infection, and alcoholism, the odds ratio (OR) of HCC was 1.22 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.47) for the group of phenytoin users compared with nonphenytoin users. An annual means of 61-120, 121-180, and >180 of defined daily doses (DDDs) of phenytoin (OR: 4.07, 95% CI: 2.03-8.18; OR: 7.51, 95% CI: 3.03-18.7, and OR: 14.6, 95% CI: 7.88-26.9, respectively) were significantly correlated with the risk of HCC but not with a DDD of ≤60. Compared with nonphenytoin users, HCC patients who had used phenytoin within 1 year of HCC diagnosis were at a greatest risk of HCC (adjusted OR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.71-3.08), followed by who had used phenytoin within 2 years of diagnosis (adjusted OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.44-2.56). CONCLUSION The results indicate that high dose of phenytoin was associated with a statistically significant increased OR for HCC, which was not demonstrated for low-dose phenytoin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Zong Hung
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science College of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan; Department of Emergency Toxicology Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan; School of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Li
- Department of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ning Lin
- Department of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ray Lee
- Translational Medicine Research Center Chia-Yi Christian Hospital Chiayi Taiwan
| | - Charles-C N Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics Asia University Taichung Taiwan
| | - Jih-Jung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology Tajen University Pingtung Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ping Lim
- Department of Emergency Toxicology Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Feng J, Cen J, Li J, Zhao R, Zhu C, Wang Z, Xie J, Tang W. Histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) promotes the epithelial mesenchymal transition of colorectal cancer cells via up regulation of Snail. Cell Adh Migr 2016; 9:495-501. [PMID: 26632346 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2015.1112486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) have been shown to have antiproliferative activity through cell-cycle arrest, differentiation, and apoptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Our present study revealed that one HDAC inhibitor, valproic acid (VPA), can obviously promote in vitro motility of HCT-116 and SW480 cells. VPA treatment significantly down regulates the expression of epithelial markers E-Cadherin (E-Cad) and Zona occludin-1(ZO-1) while up regulates the mesenchymal markers Vimentin (Vim) and N-cadherin (N-Cad), suggesting that VPA can trigger the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CRC cells. VPA treatment significantly increases the expression and nuclear localization of Snail, the key transcription factors of EMT. Snail knockdown by siRNAs obviously reverses VPA induced EMT of HCT-116 and SW480 cells. Further, VPA can decrease the ubiquitination, increase the acetylation, and then elevate the stabilization of Snail. VPA also increases the phosphorylation of Akt/GSK-3β. The inhibitor of PI3K/Akt, LY2994002, significantly attenuates VPA induced phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β and up regulation of Snail and Vim. Collectively, our data reveal that VPA can trigger the EMT of CRC cells via up regulation of Snail through AKT/GSK-3β signals and post-transcriptional modification. It suggests that more attention should be paid when VPA used as a new anticancer drug for CRC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jutao Feng
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Junhua Cen
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Jun Li
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Rujin Zhao
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Canhua Zhu
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Zongxin Wang
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Jiafen Xie
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Wei Tang
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Resveratrol prevents oxidative damage and loss of sperm motility induced by long-term treatment with valproic acid in Wistar rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:435-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
20
|
Chiou HYC, Lai WK, Huang LC, Huang SM, Chueh SH, Ma HI, Hueng DY. Valproic acid promotes radiosensitization in meningioma stem-like cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:9959-69. [PMID: 25895030 PMCID: PMC4496410 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although meningioma stem-like cells have been isolated and characterized, their therapeutic targeting remains a challenge. Meningioma sphere cells (MgSCs) with cancer stem cells properties show chemo- and radioresistance in comparison with meningioma adherent cells (MgACs). We tested the effect of valproic acid (VPA), a commonly used anti-epileptic drug, which passes the blood brain barrier, on cultured MgSCs. VPA reduced the viability of MgSCs and MgACs. In MgSCs, treatment with VPA increased radio-sensitivity, expression of p-cdc2, p-H2AX and cleaved caspase-3 and PARP. Anchorage-independent growth (AIG) was reduced by VPA. AIG was further reduced by combined treatment with irradiation. Expression of a stem cell marker, Oct4, was reduced by VPA. Oct4 was further decreased by combined treatment with irradiation. These results suggest that VPA may be a potential treatment for meningioma through targeting meningioma stem-like cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ying Clair Chiou
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wen-Kuo Lai
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Li-Chun Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shih-Ming Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Sheau-Huei Chueh
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsin-I Ma
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Dueng-Yuan Hueng
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhao Y, You W, Zheng J, Chi Y, Tang W, Du R. Valproic acid inhibits the angiogenic potential of cervical cancer cells via HIF-1α/VEGF signals. Clin Transl Oncol 2016; 18:1123-1130. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-016-1494-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
22
|
Song YH, Liao R, Li PC, Ge BO, Jiang LM, Gao LI, Zhang TY. Effects of siRNA Livin on EJ human bladder cancer cells treated with mitomycin-C. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:2422-2426. [PMID: 26622863 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to observe the inhibitory and therapeutic effects of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting Livin in EJ human bladder cancer cells. Specific siRNA targeting Livin was synthesized and transfected into EJ human bladder cancer cells treated or not treated with mitomycin-C (MMC). Livin mRNA and protein, as well as proliferation and apoptosis of EJ cells was examined with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The results indicated that the expression of Livin mRNA and protein in EJ cells was significantly decreased by siRNA Livin. The proliferation of EJ cells was significantly inhibited by treatment with MMC and transfection of siRNA Livin. The inhibition of cell proliferation by treatment with MMC was further enhanced by transfection of siRNA Livin. The apoptotic rate of cells transfected with siRNA Livin and treated with MMC was significantly higher than those cells receiving a single transfection of siRNA Livin and single treatment of MMC. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that transfection of siRNA Livin induces growth suppression and apoptosis in EJ human bladder cancer cells, and increases the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of cells to MMC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Song
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Ran Liao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Cheng Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - B O Ge
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Lei-Ming Jiang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - L I Gao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Yu Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhuo W, Zhang L, Zhu Y, Xie Q, Zhu B, Chen Z. Valproic acid, an inhibitor of class I histone deacetylases, reverses acquired Erlotinib-resistance of lung adenocarcinoma cells: a Connectivity Mapping analysis and an experimental study. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:2202-2211. [PMID: 26328250 PMCID: PMC4548331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have been used as a powerful targeting therapeutic agent for treatment of lung adenocarcinoma for years. Nevertheless, the efficacy of TKI was hampered by the appearance of acquired TKI-resistance. In the present study, we aimed to search, predict, and screen the agents that can overcome the acquired TKI-resistance of lung adenocarcinoma by using the expression profiles of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and Connectivity map (CMAP). The profiles of DEGs were obtained by searching GEO microarray database, and then, they were submitted to CMAP for analysis in order to predict and screen the agent that might reverse the TKI-resistance of lung cancer cells. Next, the effects of the selected agent on TKI-resistant cancer cells were tested and the possible signaling pathways were also evaluated. As a result, valproic acid (VPA) was selected. Then, we used a low-concentration of VPA that has little effect on the cell growth for analysis. Interestingly, the results showed that treatment with a combination of VPA and Erlotinib significantly led to a decrease in cell viability and an increase in cell apoptosis for TKI-resistant HCC827-ER cells, relative to those treated with VPA or Erlotinib alone. Further experiments confirmed that inhibition of MAPK and AKT might be involved in this process. Analyzing the DEGs through the CMAP is a good strategy for exploitation of anti-tumor agents. VPA might markedly increase the sensitivity of TKI-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells to Erlotinib, thus reversing the acquired TKI-resistance of cancer cells and raising VPA as a potential agent for TKI-resistant lung cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlei Zhuo
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agriculture UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Qichao Xie
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Zhengtang Chen
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li DR, Zhang H, Peek E, Wang S, Du L, Li G, Chin AI. Synergy of Histone-Deacetylase Inhibitor AR-42 with Cisplatin in Bladder Cancer. J Urol 2015; 194:547-55. [PMID: 25748177 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.2918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cisplatin based chemotherapy regimens form the basis of systemic bladder cancer treatment, although they show limited response rates and efficacy. Recent molecular analysis of bladder cancer revealed a high incidence of mutations in chromatin regulatory genes, suggesting a therapeutic avenue for histone deacetylase inhibitors. We investigated the ability of the novel histone deacetylase inhibitor AR-42 to synergize with cisplatin in preclinical models of bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed the ability of the pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor AR-42 with and without cisplatin to destroy bladder cancer cells by survival and apoptosis assays in vitro, and by growth and differentiation in an in vivo xenograft model. We also assessed the response to the bladder cancer stem cell population by examining the effect of AR-42 on the CD44(+)CD49f(+) population with and without cisplatin. Synergy was calculated using combination indexes. RESULTS The AR-42 and cisplatin combination synergistically destroyed bladder cancer cells via apoptosis and it influenced tumor growth and differentiation in vivo. When tested in the CD44(+)CD49f(+) bladder cancer stem cell population, AR-42 showed greater efficacy with and without cisplatin. CONCLUSIONS AR-42 may be an attractive novel histone deacetylase inhibitor with activity against bladder cancer. Its efficacy in bladder cancer stem cells and synergy with cisplatin warrant further clinical investigation. Our in vitro and animal model studies provide preclinical evidence that AR-42 may be administered in conjunction with cisplatin based chemotherapy to improve the treatment of bladder cancer in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David R Li
- Department of Urology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hanwei Zhang
- Department of Urology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Elizabeth Peek
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Song Wang
- Urology Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Du
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Arnold I Chin
- Department of Urology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sun X, Hasanali ZS, Chen A, Zhang D, Liu X, Wang HG, Feith DJ, Loughran TP, Xu K. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and cladribine synergistically induce apoptosis in NK-LGL leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2014; 168:371-83. [PMID: 25284154 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukaemia features a clonal proliferation of CD3(-) NK cells that can be classified into either aggressive or chronic categories. The NKL cell line, derived from an aggressive Asian NK cell leukaemia, and patient samples from chronic NK-LGL leukaemia were used in our study to probe for synergistic efficacy of the epigenetic drugs vorinostat (SAHA) and cladribine in this disease. We demonstrate that histone deacetylases (HDACs) are over-expressed in both aggressive and chronic NK leukaemia. Administration of the HDAC inhibitor SAHA reduces class I and II HDAC expression and enhances histone acetylation in leukaemic NK cells. In vitro combination treatment with SAHA and cladribine dose-dependently exerts synergistic cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on leukaemic NK cells. Expression profiling of apoptotic regulatory genes suggests that both compounds led to caspase-dependent apoptosis through activation of intrinsic mitochondrial and extrinsic death receptor pathways. Collectively, these data show that combined epigenetic therapy, using HDAC and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, may be a promising therapeutic approach for NK-LGL leukaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshen Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Transplantation Immunity, Department of Haematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; University of Virginia Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hirai S, Endo S, Saito R, Hirose M, Ueno T, Suzuki H, Yamato K, Abei M, Hyodo I. Antitumor effects of a sirtuin inhibitor, tenovin-6, against gastric cancer cells via death receptor 5 up-regulation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102831. [PMID: 25033286 PMCID: PMC4102575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Up-regulated sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylase, deacetylates p53 and inhibits its transcriptional activity, leading to cell survival. SIRT1 overexpression has been reported to predict poor survival in some malignancies, including gastric cancer. However, the antitumor effect of SIRT1 inhibition remains elusive in gastric cancer. Here, we investigated the antitumor mechanisms of a sirtuin inhibitor, tenovin-6, in seven human gastric cancer cell lines (four cell lines with wild-type TP53, two with mutant-type TP53, and one with null TP53). Interestingly, tenovin-6 induced apoptosis in all cell lines, not only those with wild-type TP53, but also mutant-type and null versions, accompanied by up-regulation of death receptor 5 (DR5). In the KatoIII cell line (TP53-null), DR5 silencing markedly attenuated tenovin-6-induced apoptosis, suggesting that the pivotal mechanism behind its antitumor effects is based on activation of the death receptor signal pathway. Although endoplasmic reticulum stress caused by sirtuin inhibitors was reported to induce DR5 up-regulation in other cancer cell lines, we could not find marked activation of its related molecules, such as ATF6, PERK, and CHOP, in gastric cancer cells treated with tenovin-6. Tenovin-6 in combination with docetaxel or SN-38 exerted a slight to moderate synergistic cytotoxicity against gastric cancer cells. In conclusion, tenovin-6 has potent antitumor activity against human gastric cancer cells via DR5 up-regulation. Our results should be helpful for the future clinical development of sirtuin inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Hirai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shinji Endo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Rie Saito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Hirose
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takunori Ueno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hideo Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masato Abei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ichinosuke Hyodo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|