1
|
Pitts SC, Schlom J, Donahue RN. Soluble immune checkpoints: implications for cancer prognosis and response to immune checkpoint therapy and conventional therapies. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:155. [PMID: 38822401 PMCID: PMC11141022 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03074-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal sampling of tumor tissue from patients with solid cancers, aside from melanoma and a few other cases, is often unfeasible, and thus may not capture the plasticity of interactions between the tumor and immune system under selective pressure of a given therapy. Peripheral blood analyses provide salient information about the human peripheral immunome while offering technical and practical advantages over traditional tumor biopsies, and should be utilized where possible alongside interrogation of the tumor. Some common blood-based biomarkers used to study the immune response include immune cell subsets, circulating tumor DNA, and protein analytes such as cytokines. With the recent explosion of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) as a modality of treatment in multiple cancer types, soluble immune checkpoints have become a relevant area of investigation for peripheral immune-based biomarkers. However, the exact functions of soluble immune checkpoints and their roles in cancer for the most part remain unclear. This review discusses current literature on the production, function, and expression of nine soluble immune checkpoints - sPD-L1, sPD-1, sCTLA4, sCD80, sTIM3, sLAG3, sB7-H3, sBTLA, and sHVEM - in patients with solid tumors, and explores their role as biomarkers of response to ICI as well as to conventional therapies (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and surgery) in cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Pitts
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey Schlom
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Renee N Donahue
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo X, Chang M, Wang Y, Xing B, Ma W. B7-H3 in Brain Malignancies: Immunology and Immunotherapy. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:3762-3780. [PMID: 37564196 PMCID: PMC10411461 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune checkpoint B7-H3 (CD276), a member of the B7 family with immunoregulatory properties, has been identified recently as a novel target for immunotherapy for refractory blood cancers and solid malignant tumors. While research on B7-H3 in brain malignancies is limited, there is growing interest in exploring its therapeutic potential in this context. B7-H3 plays a crucial role in regulating the functions of immune cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and endothelial cells within the tumor microenvironment, contributing to the creation of a pro-tumorigenic milieu. This microenvironment promotes uncontrolled cancer cell proliferation, enhanced metabolism, increased cancer stemness, and resistance to standard treatments. Blocking B7-H3 and terminating its immunosuppressive function is expected to improve anti-tumor immune responses and, in turn, ameliorate the progression of tumors. Results from preclinical or observative studies and early-phase trials targeting B7-H3 have revealed promising anti-tumor efficacy and acceptable toxicity in glioblastoma (GBM), diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), medulloblastoma, neuroblastoma, craniopharyngioma, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, and brain metastases. Ongoing clinical trials are now investigating the use of CAR-T cell therapy and antibody-drug conjugate therapy, either alone or in combination with standard treatments or other therapeutic approaches, targeting B7-H3 in refractory or recurrent GBMs, DIPGs, neuroblastomas, medulloblastomas, ependymomas, and metastatic brain tumors. These trials hold promise for providing effective treatment options for these challenging intracranial malignancies in both adult and pediatric populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Mengqi Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Bing Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wenbin Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Getu AA, Tigabu A, Zhou M, Lu J, Fodstad Ø, Tan M. New frontiers in immune checkpoint B7-H3 (CD276) research and drug development. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:43. [PMID: 36859240 PMCID: PMC9979440 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01751-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
B7-H3 (CD276), a member of the B7 family of proteins, is a key player in cancer progression. This immune checkpoint molecule is selectively expressed in both tumor cells and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. In addition to its immune checkpoint function, B7-H3 has been linked to tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Furthermore, its drastic difference in protein expression levels between normal and tumor tissues suggests that targeting B7-H3 with drugs would lead to cancer-specific toxicity, minimizing harm to healthy cells. These properties make B7-H3 a promising target for cancer therapy.Recently, important advances in B7-H3 research and drug development have been reported, and these new findings, including its involvement in cellular metabolic reprograming, cancer stem cell enrichment, senescence and obesity, have expanded our knowledge and understanding of this molecule, which is important in guiding future strategies for targeting B7-H3. In this review, we briefly discuss the biology and function of B7-H3 in cancer development. We emphasize more on the latest findings and their underlying mechanisms to reflect the new advances in B7-H3 research. In addition, we discuss the new improvements of B-H3 inhibitors in cancer drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayechew Adera Getu
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ,grid.59547.3a0000 0000 8539 4635Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Abiye Tigabu
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming Zhou
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianrong Lu
- grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Øystein Fodstad
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ming Tan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guo X, Zhang Y, Jiao H, Miao X. The prognostic significance of PD-L1 expression in patients with glioblastoma: A meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:925560. [PMID: 36313683 PMCID: PMC9596987 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.925560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor associated with high morbidity and mortality rates with a poor prognosis. In recent years, studies on prognostic markers such as programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) have increased; however, their conclusions remain controversial. Here, relevant literature was reviewed and a meta-analysis was performed to clarify the correlation between PD-L1 expression and overall survival (OS) in GBM. Methods The non-foundational literature on PD-L1 expression associated with OS in GBM up to February 2022 was searched in the PubMed, Metstr, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases. Literature was rigorously screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, the total hazard ratio (HR), and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Calculating the combined HR value and corresponding 95% CI of HR=1.124 (95% CI: 1.047–1.201, P=0.000, I2 (I-squared)=48.8%), it was shown that PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with low OS in GBM patients. Although I2 = 48.8% < 50%, to make the results more credible, in the cutoff values ≥10% subgroup HR=1.37 (95% CI: 1.07–1.67, P=0.000, I2 = 0%), which was also the result found in the first meta-analysis. In contrast, in the cutoff value ≥5% subgroup HR=1.14 (95% CI: 0.98–1.30, P=0.000, I2 = 59.8%) and in the cutoff value median PD-L1 expression levels subgroup HR=1.05 (95% CI: 0.92–1.18, P=0.000, I2 = 0%), indicating that PD-L1 expression was not associated with low OS in GBM. Furthermore, in four studies, we found no significant correlation between PD-L1 expression and the progression-free survival of GBM (HR=1.14, 95% CI:0.40–1.88, P=0.03, I2 = 29.3%). Conclusion PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with low OS in GBM patients; however, this result needs to be interpreted with caution and requires a large, multicenter clinical study in patients with similar baseline data for further evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Department of Graduate Work, Hanguang Campus of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Department of Graduate Work, Hanguang Campus of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hengxing Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Department of Graduate Work, Hanguang Campus of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xingyu Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Xingyu Miao,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Karami Fath M, Babakhaniyan K, Anjomrooz M, Jalalifar M, Alizadeh SD, Pourghasem Z, Abbasi Oshagh P, Azargoonjahromi A, Almasi F, Manzoor HZ, Khalesi B, Pourzardosht N, Khalili S, Payandeh Z. Recent Advances in Glioma Cancer Treatment: Conventional and Epigenetic Realms. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091448. [PMID: 36146527 PMCID: PMC9501259 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most typical and aggressive form of primary brain tumor in adults, with a poor prognosis. Successful glioma treatment is hampered by ineffective medication distribution across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the emergence of drug resistance. Although a few FDA-approved multimodal treatments are available for glioblastoma, most patients still have poor prognoses. Targeting epigenetic variables, immunotherapy, gene therapy, and different vaccine- and peptide-based treatments are some innovative approaches to improve anti-glioma treatment efficacy. Following the identification of lymphatics in the central nervous system, immunotherapy offers a potential method with the potency to permeate the blood-brain barrier. This review will discuss the rationale, tactics, benefits, and drawbacks of current glioma therapy options in clinical and preclinical investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karami Fath
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran 1571914911, Iran
| | - Kimiya Babakhaniyan
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1996713883, Iran
| | - Mehran Anjomrooz
- Department of Radiology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411713135, Iran
| | | | | | - Zeinab Pourghasem
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University of Lahijan, Gilan 4416939515, Iran
| | - Parisa Abbasi Oshagh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer 6571995863, Iran
| | - Ali Azargoonjahromi
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7417773539, Iran
| | - Faezeh Almasi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 1411734115, Iran
| | - Hafza Zahira Manzoor
- Experimental and Translational Medicine, University of Insubria, Via jean Henry Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Bahman Khalesi
- Department of Research and Production of Poultry Viral Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj 3197619751, Iran
| | - Navid Pourzardosht
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht 4193713111, Iran
| | - Saeed Khalili
- Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran 1678815811, Iran
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (Z.P.)
| | - Zahra Payandeh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (Z.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ba Y, Su J, Gao S, Liao Z, Wu Z, Cao C, Liang C, Gong J, Guo Y. The Identification of Necroptosis-Related Subtypes, the Construction of a Prognostic Model, and the Characterization of the Tumor Microenvironment in Gliomas. Front Oncol 2022; 12:899443. [PMID: 35756610 PMCID: PMC9231435 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.899443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis is a recently discovered form of cell death that plays a vital role in the progression of cancer, the spread of metastases, and the immunologic response to tumors. Due to the dual role of necrotic apoptotic processes in tumor pathogenesis and the heterogeneity of gliomas, the function of necroptosis in the glioma microenvironment is still poorly understood. We characterized the expression of necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) within glioma samples at both the genetic and transcriptional levels, identifying three distinct subtypes. Additionally, we constructed a risk score, which is capable of accurately predicting patient prognosis, correlates with tumor mutation burden (TMB), tumor stem cell index (CSC), immune checkpoints, and predicts tumor drug sensitivity. To facilitate its application in the clinic, we developed a nomogram and demonstrated that it predicts the prognosis of glioma patients with good accuracy and reliability using multiple datasets. We examined the function of necroptosis in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the prognosis of gliomas, which may be useful for guiding individualized treatment plans for gliomas targeting necroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueyang Ba
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Shuangqi Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengan Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaofeng Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ciprut S, Berberich A, Knoll M, Pusch S, Hoffmann D, Furkel J, Ward Gahlawat A, Kahlert-Konzelamnn L, Sahm F, Warnken U, Winter M, Schnölzer M, Pusch S, von Deimling A, Abdollahi A, Wick W, Lemke D. AAMP is a binding partner of costimulatory human B7-H3. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac098. [PMID: 35919070 PMCID: PMC9341442 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Targeted immunotherapies are of growing interest in the treatment of various cancers. B7 homolog 3 protein (B7-H3), a member of the co-stimulatory/-inhibitory B7-family, exerts immunosuppressive and pro-tumorigenic functions in various cancer types and is under evaluation in ongoing clinical trials. Unfortunately, interaction partner(s) remain unknown which restricts the druggability. Methods Aiming to identify potential binding partner(s) of B7-H3, a yeast two-hybrid and a mass spectrometry screen were performed. Potential candidates were evaluated by bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay, co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), and functionally in a 3H-thymidine proliferation assay of Jurkat cells, a T-cell lineage cell line. Prognostic value of angio-associated migratory cell protein (AAMP) and B7-H3 expression was evaluated in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 wildtype (IDH1wt) glioblastoma (GBM) patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-GBM cohort. Results Of the screening candidates, CD164, AAMP, PTPRA, and SLAMF7 could be substantiated via BiFC. AAMP binding could be further confirmed via co-IP and on a functional level. AAMP was ubiquitously expressed in glioma cells, immune cells, and glioma tissue, but did not correlate with glioma grade. Finally, an interaction between AAMP and B7-H3 could be observed on expression level, hinting toward a combined synergistic effect. Conclusions AAMP was identified as a novel interaction partner of B7-H3, opening new possibilities to create a targeted therapy against the pro-tumorigenic costimulatory protein B7-H3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ciprut
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg Medical School and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Anne Berberich
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg Medical School and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Maximilian Knoll
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Stefan Pusch
- German Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Dirk Hoffmann
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg Medical School and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Jennifer Furkel
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Aoife Ward Gahlawat
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Lena Kahlert-Konzelamnn
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg Medical School and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Felix Sahm
- German Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Uwe Warnken
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg Medical School and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Martin Winter
- Department of Functional Proteome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Martina Schnölzer
- Department of Functional Proteome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Sonja Pusch
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg Medical School and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- German Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Amir Abdollahi
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg Medical School and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Dieter Lemke
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg Medical School and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) , Heidelberg , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vimalathas G, Kristensen BW. Expression, prognostic significance and therapeutic implications of PD-L1 in gliomas. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2021; 48:e12767. [PMID: 34533233 PMCID: PMC9298327 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The advent of checkpoint immunotherapy, particularly with programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) and programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) inhibitors, has provided ground‐breaking results in several advanced cancers. Substantial efforts are being made to extend these promising therapies to other refractory cancers such as gliomas, especially glioblastoma, which represents the most frequent and malignant glioma and carries an exceptionally grim prognosis. Thus, there is a need for new therapeutic strategies with related biomarkers. Gliomas have a profoundly immunosuppressive tumour micro‐environment and evade immunological destruction by several mechanisms, one being the expression of inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules such as PD‐L1. PD‐L1 is recognised as an important therapeutic target and its expression has been shown to hold prognostic value in different cancers. Several clinical trials have been launched and some already completed, but PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors have yet to show convincing clinical efficacy in gliomas. Part of the explanation may reside in the vast molecular heterogeneity of gliomas and a complex interplay within the tumour micro‐environment. In parallel, critical knowledge about PD‐L1 expression is beginning to accumulate including knowledge on expression levels, testing methodology, co‐expression with other checkpoint molecules and prognostic and predictive value. This article reviews these aspects and points out areas where biomarker research is needed to develop more successful checkpoint‐related therapeutic strategies in gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bjarne Winther Kristensen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shukla S, Husain N, Kaif M, Awale RB, Mishra S, Malhotra KP. Programmed Death Ligand-1 Expression in Gliomas: A Study of Histopathological and Molecular Associations. Neurol India 2021; 69:1005-1009. [PMID: 34507430 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.325352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Gliomas are aggressive tumors with limited treatment options. Immunotherapy targets are under evaluation as new therapeutic targets in gliomas. Aims and Objectives The aims of the study were to analyze expression of PDL1 in adult diffuse gliomas in World Health Organization grade II, III, and IV and to corelate its expression with demographic features, IDH-1, ATRX, and p-53 mutation status. Materials and Methods This was a case series that included 30 cases of adult diffuse glioma. In all cases, a composite diagnosis including histologic type, grade, and molecular alterations was rendered. PDL1 testing was done by immunohistochemistry using PDL1 SP-263 antibody. Results PDL1 expression was identified in 33.3% cases in tumor cells and in 6.67% cases in immune cells. All neoplasms with PDL1 expression were astrocytic tumors. PDL1 expression was significantly associated with IDH-1 immunonegative gliomas (P = 0.013). Conclusion PDL1 is a novel therapeutic target in gliomas. The current study is an attempt to evaluate the expression of PDL1 over the varied spectrum of gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saumya Shukla
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nuzhat Husain
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammed Kaif
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rupali Bhalchandra Awale
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Apex Trauma Centre, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sridhar Mishra
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kiran Preet Malhotra
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Khan M, Arooj S, Wang H. Soluble B7-CD28 Family Inhibitory Immune Checkpoint Proteins and Anti-Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:651634. [PMID: 34531847 PMCID: PMC8438243 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.651634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-inhibitory B7-CD28 family member proteins negatively regulate T cell responses and are extensively involved in tumor immune evasion. Blockade of classical CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4) and PD-1 (programmed cell death protein-1) checkpoint pathways have become the cornerstone of anti-cancer immunotherapy. New inhibitory checkpoint proteins such as B7-H3, B7-H4, and BTLA (B and T lymphocyte attenuator) are being discovered and investigated for their potential in anti-cancer immunotherapy. In addition, soluble forms of these molecules also exist in sera of healthy individuals and elevated levels are found in chronic infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. Soluble forms are generated by proteolytic shedding or alternative splicing. Elevated circulating levels of these inhibitory soluble checkpoint molecules in cancer have been correlated with advance stage, metastatic status, and prognosis which underscore their broader involvement in immune regulation. In addition to their potential as biomarker, understanding their mechanism of production, biological activity, and pathological interactions may also pave the way for their clinical use as a therapeutic target. Here we review these aspects of soluble checkpoint molecules and elucidate on their potential for anti-cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khan
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Sumbal Arooj
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kelly WJ, Giles AJ, Gilbert M. T lymphocyte-targeted immune checkpoint modulation in glioma. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2019-000379. [PMID: 32051289 PMCID: PMC7057419 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulatory therapies targeting inhibitory checkpoint molecules have revolutionized the treatment of solid tumor malignancies. Concerns about whether systemic administration of an immune checkpoint inhibitor could impact primary brain tumors were answered with the observation of definitive responses in pediatric patients harboring hypermutated gliomas. Although initial clinical results in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) were disappointing, recently published results have demonstrated a potential survival benefit in patients with recurrent GBM treated with neoadjuvant programmed cell death protein 1 blockade. While these findings necessitate verification in subsequent studies, they support the possibility of achieving clinical meaningful immune responses in malignant primary brain tumors including GBM, a disease in dire need of additional therapeutic options. There are several challenges involved in treating glioma with immune checkpoint modulators including the immunosuppressive nature of GBM itself with high inhibitory checkpoint expression, the immunoselective blood brain barrier impairing the ability for peripheral lymphocytes to traffic to the tumor microenvironment and the high prevalence of corticosteroid use which suppress lymphocyte activation. However, by simultaneously targeting multiple costimulatory and inhibitory pathways, it may be possible to achieve an effective antitumoral immune response. To this end, there are now several novel agents targeting more recently uncovered “second generation” checkpoint molecules. Given the multiplicity of drugs being considered for combination regimens, an increased understanding of the mechanisms of action and resistance combined with more robust preclinical and early clinical testing will be needed to be able to adequately test these agents. This review summarizes our current understanding of T lymphocyte-modulating checkpoint molecules as it pertains to glioma with the hope for a renewed focus on the most promising therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amber Jin Giles
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Huang L, Zhou Y, Sun Q, Cao L, Zhang X. Evaluation of the role of soluble B7-H3 in association with membrane B7-H3 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2021; 33:123-129. [PMID: 34459388 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) is one of the most common malignancies. Increasing data have indicated a correlation between soluble B7-H3 (sB7-H3) levels and tumor malignancies. In this study, we aim to investigate the level of soluble B7-H3 in serum of GAC patients. Further, we analyze the correlation between sB7-H3 level and tissue B7-H3 expression and explore the clinical evaluation value of sB7-H3 associated with pathological characteristics and prognosis of GAC patients. METHODS One hundred and twenty-eight serum and tissue samples of GAC 20 serum and tissue samples of gastritis patients and 77 serum, 5 tissue samples of healthy controls were collected. The serum levels of sB7-H3 were detected by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the expression of membrane B7-H3 (mB7-H3) and Ki67 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between sB7-H3 and mB7-H3, sB7-H3 and Ki67, sB7-H3 or mB7-H3 and clinical features were analyzed by Pearson's Chi-square test. RESULTS Both serum level of sB7-H3 and tissue B7-H3 of GAC patients were significantly higher than those of gastritis patients and healthy controls. sB7-H3 level was correlated with total B7-H3 expression in tissues (r= 0.2801, P= 0.0014). Notably, the concentration of sB7-H3 was correlated with its expression of membrane form in tumor cells (r= 0.3251, P= 0.002) while not in stromal cells (r= 0.07676, P= 0.3891). Moreover, the levels of sB7-H3 in patients with TNM stage III/IV or with Infiltration depth T3/T4 or with lymph node metastasis were significantly higher than those of patients with TNM stage I/II (P= 0.0020) or with Infiltration depth T1/T2 (P= 0.0169) or with no lymph node metastasis (P= 0.0086). Tumor B7-H3 score, but not stromal B7-H3 score, in patients with TNM stage III/IV or with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than those with TNM stage I/II (P= 0.0150) or with no lymph node metastasis (P= 0.182). CONCLUSIONS Soluble B7-H3 level may reflect the tissue B7-H3 expression on tumor cells of GAC tissues. Elevated level of sB7-H3 in serum suggests poor clinical pathological characteristics of GAC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- The AoYang Cancer Research Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhangjiagang, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiuwei Sun
- The AoYang Cancer Research Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhangjiagang, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueguang Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang G, Zhou H, Tian L, Yan T, Han X, Chen P, Li H, Wang W, Xiao Z, Hou L, Xue X. A Prognostic DNA Damage Repair Genes Signature and Its Impact on Immune Cell Infiltration in Glioma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:682932. [PMID: 34123852 PMCID: PMC8193723 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.682932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Glioma is the most frequent type of malignant cerebral tumors. DNA damage repair genes (DDRGs) play a crucial role in the development of cancer. In this study, we constructed a DDRGs signature and investigated the potential mechanisms involved in this disease. Methods RNA sequence data, microarray data, and corresponding clinical information of gliomas were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Subsequently, we identified candidate genes by differential analysis and Cox regression analysis. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression model was utilized to construct a DDRGs signature using TCGA training dataset. According to this signature, patients with glioma were divided into low- and high-risk groups. The predictive ability of the signature was validated by prognostic analysis, receiver operating characteristic curves, principal component analysis, and stratification analysis in TCGA testing and CGGA verification datasets. CIBERSORT and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) were used to evaluate the immune microenvironment of glioma. Moreover, we conducted GSEA to determine the functions and pathways in the low- and high-risk groups. Finally, a nomogram was constructed by combining the signature and other clinical features. Results A total of 1,431 samples of glioma (592 from TCGA, 686 from the CGGA, and 153 from the GEO) and 23 samples of normal brain tissue from the GEO were analyzed in this study. There were 51 prognostic differentially expressed DDRGs. Additionally, five DDRGs (CDK4、HMGB2、WEE1、SMC3 and GADD45G) were selected to construct a DDRGs signature for glioma, stratifying patients into low- and high-risk groups. The survival analysis showed that the DDRGs signature could differentiate the outcome of the low- and high-risk groups, showing that high-risk gliomas were associated with shorter overall survival. The immune microenvironment analysis revealed that more immunosuppressive cells, such as tumor associated macrophages and regulatory T cells, were recruited in the high-risk group. GSEA also showed that high-risk glioma was correlated with the immune and extracellular matrix pathways. Conclusion The five DDRGs signature and its impact on the infiltration of immunosuppressive cells could precisely predict the prognosis and provide guidance on the treatment of glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huandi Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tianfang Yan
- Department of Neurological Diagnosis and Restoration, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Xuetao Han
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Pengyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haonan Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenyan Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhiqing Xiao
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liubing Hou
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoying Xue
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hasanpour Segherlou Z, Nouri-Vaskeh M, Noroozi Guilandehi S, Baghbanzadeh A, Zand R, Baradaran B, Zarei M. GDF-15: Diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic significance in glioblastoma multiforme. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:5564-5581. [PMID: 33580506 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the commonest primary malignant brain tumor and has a remarkably weak prognosis. According to the aggressive form of GBM, understanding the accurate molecular mechanism associated with GBM pathogenesis is essential. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) belongs to transforming growth factor-β superfamily with important roles to control biological processes. It affects cancer growth and progression, drug resistance, and metastasis. It also can promote stemness in many cancers, and also can stress reactions control, bone generation, hematopoietic growth, adipose tissue performance, and body growth, and contributes to cardiovascular disorders. The role GDF-15 to develop and progress cancer is complicated and remains unclear. GDF-15 possesses tumor suppressor properties, as well as an oncogenic effect. GDF-15 antitumorigenic and protumorigenic impacts on tumor development are linked to the cancer type and stage. However, the GDF-15 signaling and mechanism have not yet been completely identified because of no recognized cognate receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Masoud Nouri-Vaskeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ramin Zand
- Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zarei
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Robilliard LD, Yu J, Anchan A, Joseph W, Finlay G, Angel CE, Scott Graham E. Comprehensive analysis of inhibitory checkpoint ligand expression by glioblastoma cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 99:403-418. [PMID: 33217047 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain malignancy commonly refractory to classical and novel chemo-, radio- and immunotherapies, with median survival times of ~15 months following diagnosis. Poor immunological responses exemplified by the downregulation of T-cell activity, and upregulation of immunosuppressive cells within the tumor microenvironment have limited the effectiveness of immunotherapy in glioblastoma to date. Here we show that glioblastoma cells express a large repertoire of inhibitory checkpoint ligands known to control effector T cell responses. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis reveals that glioblastoma cells with an enhanced stem cell-like phenotype express several investigated ligands at significant levels on their cell surface. This reveals that glioblastoma stem-like cells express suppressive ligands with the potential of suppressing major T cell checkpoint receptors. With this information, it is now essential that we understand the relevance of this extensive repertoire of immune checkpoint ligands and their functional consequence on immune evasion in glioblastoma. This is necessary to develop effective immunotherapeutics and to be able to match treatment to patient, especially in the light of CheckMate 143.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laverne D Robilliard
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jane Yu
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Akshata Anchan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wayne Joseph
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Graeme Finlay
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Catherine E Angel
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - E Scott Graham
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Azuma T, Sato Y, Ohno T, Azuma M, Kume H. Serum soluble B7-H3 is a prognostic marker for patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243379. [PMID: 33306717 PMCID: PMC7732087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background B7-H3 is a member of the B7 family of immune-regulatory ligands and is a costimulatory molecule promoting the T cell response in vitro. We herein investigated the clinical utility of serum soluble B7-H3 (sB7-H3) in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods We analyzed 555 patients in whom NMIBC was diagnosed at Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center between 2008 and 2013. We measured the serum sB7-H3 (sB7-H3) level using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and evaluated the utility of sB7-H3 as a prognostic biomarker for NMIBC. We used the Cox proportional hazards regression model to assess recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) with the sB7-H3 level. Results We detected high levels of sB7-H3 in the sera of 47% of patients with NMIBC versus only 8% in healthy donors. The increase of sB7-H3 was significantly associated with poor RFS and PFS. Multivariate analysis showed that elevated sB7-H3 was an independent prognostic factor of RFS and PFS. According to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), in intermediate-low and intermediate-high risk groups, the presence of sB7-H3 significantly determined the rate of recurrence and progression. Conclusions Our data suggested that evaluating serum sB7-H3 expression is a useful tool for predicting the prognosis of patients with NMIBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Azuma
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Hongo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Urology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yujiro Sato
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsukuni Ohno
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miyuki Azuma
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Hongo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Kume
- Department of Urology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sawaisorn P, Atjanasuppat K, Anurathapan U, Chutipongtanate S, Hongeng S. Strategies to Improve Chimeric Antigen Receptor Therapies for Neuroblastoma. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8040753. [PMID: 33322408 PMCID: PMC7768386 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are among the curative immunotherapeutic approaches that exploit the antigen specificity and cytotoxicity function of potent immune cells against cancers. Neuroblastomas, the most common extracranial pediatric solid tumors with diverse characteristics, could be a promising candidate for using CAR therapies. Several methods harness CAR-modified cells in neuroblastoma to increase therapeutic efficiency, although the assessment has been less successful. Regarding the improvement of CARs, various trials have been launched to overcome insufficient capacity. However, the reasons behind the inadequate response against neuroblastoma of CAR-modified cells are still not well understood. It is essential to update the present state of comprehension of CARs to improve the efficiency of CAR therapies. This review summarizes the crucial features of CARs and their design for neuroblastoma, discusses challenges that impact the outcomes of the immunotherapeutic competence, and focuses on devising strategies currently being investigated to improve the efficacy of CARs for neuroblastoma immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piamsiri Sawaisorn
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (P.S.); (K.A.); (U.A.)
| | - Korakot Atjanasuppat
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (P.S.); (K.A.); (U.A.)
| | - Usanarat Anurathapan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (P.S.); (K.A.); (U.A.)
| | - Somchai Chutipongtanate
- Pediatric Translational Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan 10540, Thailand
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (P.S.); (K.A.); (U.A.)
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (S.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Qin S, Jiang J, Lu Y, Nice EC, Huang C, Zhang J, He W. Emerging role of tumor cell plasticity in modifying therapeutic response. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:228. [PMID: 33028808 PMCID: PMC7541492 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00313-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to cancer therapy is a major barrier to cancer management. Conventional views have proposed that acquisition of resistance may result from genetic mutations. However, accumulating evidence implicates a key role of non-mutational resistance mechanisms underlying drug tolerance, the latter of which is the focus that will be discussed here. Such non-mutational processes are largely driven by tumor cell plasticity, which renders tumor cells insusceptible to the drug-targeted pathway, thereby facilitating the tumor cell survival and growth. The concept of tumor cell plasticity highlights the significance of re-activation of developmental programs that are closely correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition, acquisition properties of cancer stem cells, and trans-differentiation potential during drug exposure. From observations in various cancers, this concept provides an opportunity for investigating the nature of anticancer drug resistance. Over the years, our understanding of the emerging role of phenotype switching in modifying therapeutic response has considerably increased. This expanded knowledge of tumor cell plasticity contributes to developing novel therapeutic strategies or combination therapy regimens using available anticancer drugs, which are likely to improve patient outcomes in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Lu
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Road, 611137, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weifeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Flem-Karlsen K, Fodstad Ø, Nunes-Xavier CE. B7-H3 Immune Checkpoint Protein in Human Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4062-4086. [PMID: 31099317 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190517115515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
B7-H3 belongs to the B7 family of immune checkpoint proteins, which are important regulators of the adaptive immune response and emerging key players in human cancer. B7-H3 is a transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of tumor cells, antigen presenting cells, natural killer cells, tumor endothelial cells, but can also be present in intra- and extracellular vesicles. Additionally, B7-H3 may be present as a circulating soluble isoform in serum and other body fluids. B7-H3 is overexpressed in a variety of tumor types, in correlation with poor prognosis. B7-H3 is a promising new immunotherapy target for anti-cancer immune response, as well as a potential biomarker. Besides its immunoregulatory role, B7-H3 has intrinsic pro-tumorigenic activities related to enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, metastatic capacity and anti-cancer drug resistance. B7-H3 has also been found to regulate key metabolic enzymes, promoting the high glycolytic capacity of cancer cells. B7-H3 receptors are still not identified, and little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying B7-H3 functions. Here, we review the current knowledge on the involvement of B7-H3 in human cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karine Flem-Karlsen
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein Fodstad
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Caroline E Nunes-Xavier
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Convection Enhanced Delivery for Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma: Review of a Single Institution Experience. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12070660. [PMID: 32674336 PMCID: PMC7407112 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) are a pontine subtype of diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs), primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors of childhood that carry a terrible prognosis. Because of the highly infiltrative growth pattern and the anatomical position, cytoreductive surgery is not an option. An initial response to radiation therapy is invariably followed by recurrence; mortality occurs approximately 11 months after diagnosis. The development of novel therapeutics with great preclinical promise has been hindered by the tightly regulated blood-brain barrier (BBB), which segregates the tumor comportment from the systemic circulation. One possible solution to this obstacle is the use of convection enhanced delivery (CED), a local delivery strategy that bypasses the BBB by direct infusion into the tumor through a small caliber cannula. We have recently shown CED to be safe in children with DIPG (NCT01502917). In this review, we discuss our experience with CED, its advantages, and technical advancements that are occurring in the field. We also highlight hurdles that will likely need to be overcome in demonstrating clinical benefit with this therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
|
21
|
Su L, Guo W, Lou L, Nie S, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Chang Y, Zhang X, Li Y, Shen H. EGFR-ERK pathway regulates CSN6 to contribute to PD-L1 expression in glioblastoma. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:520-532. [PMID: 32134157 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant brain tumor in adults. Recently, programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) checkpoint blockades have been applied for GBM treatment. However, the mechanism of PD-L1 upregulation in GBM is still unclear. COP9 signalosome 6 (CSN6) is crucial for maintaining the protein stabilization in cancer cells. In this study, we applied human GBM specimens and cell lines to investigate whether the EGFR-ERK pathway regulates CSN6 for PD-L1 upregulation. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset showed that high expression of EGFR, CSN6, and PD-L1 in patients with glioma was associated with poor prognosis. In 47 human GBM specimens, high expression of PD-L1 was associated with low amount of CD8+ T cell infiltration as well as the poor prognosis of patients. CSN6 was positively correlated with EGFR and PD-L1 expression in human GBM specimens. We treated two GBM cell lines (U87 and U251) with epidermal growth factor (EGF) in vitro, and found EGF-upregulated p-EGFR, p-ERK, CSN6, and PD-L1 expression in GBM cells. PD98059, the ERK blocker, inhibited upregulations of CSN6 and PD-L1 in EGF-treated cells. Inhibition of CSN6 by small interfering RNA decreased PD-L1 expression but also increased CHIP expression in GBM cells. When the cells were treated with EGF and cycloheximide (CHX), a protein synthesis inhibitor, EGF-reduced CHX-induced CSN6 and PD-L1 turnover in GBM cells. Furthermore, CSN6-mediated downregulation of PD-L1 was inhibited by MG132, a proteasome inhibitor in U87 cells. Thus, these results suggest that the EGFR-ERK pathway may upregulate CSN6, which may inhibit PD-L1 degradation and subsequently maintain PD-L1 stability in GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingrui Su
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Laboratory of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenli Guo
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Lou
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Saisai Nie
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xianghong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Laboratory of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuehong Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Laboratory of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Xu S, Tang L, Li X, Fan F, Liu Z. Immunotherapy for glioma: Current management and future application. Cancer Lett 2020; 476:1-12. [PMID: 32044356 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are intrinsic brain tumors that originate from neuroglial progenitor cells. Conventional therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, have achieved limited improvements in the prognosis of glioma patients. Immunotherapy, a revolution in cancer treatment, has become a promising strategy with the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier since the pioneering discovery of lymphatics in the central nervous system. Here we detail the current management of gliomas and previous studies assessing different immunotherapies in gliomas, despite the fact that the associated clinical trials have not been completed yet. Moreover, several drugs that have undergone clinical trials are listed as novel strategies for future application; however, these clinical trials have indicated limited efficacy in glioma. Therefore, additional studies are warranted to evaluate novel therapeutic approaches in glioma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengchao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xizhe Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Maachani UB, Tosi U, Pisapia DJ, Mukherjee S, Marnell CS, Voronina J, Martinez D, Santi M, Dahmane N, Zhou Z, Hawkins C, Souweidane MM. B7-H3 as a Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Pediatric central nervous system Tumors. Transl Oncol 2019; 13:365-371. [PMID: 31887631 PMCID: PMC6938869 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
B7–H3 (CD276), a member of the B7 superfamily, is an important factor in downregulating immune responses against tumors. It is also aberrantly expressed in many human malignancies. Beyond immune regulatory roles, its overexpression has been linked to invasive metastatic potential and poor prognosis in patients with cancer. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity strategies targeting B7–H3 are currently in development, and early-phase clinical trials have shown encouraging preliminary results. To understand the role of B7–H3 in pediatric central nervous system (CNS) malignancies, a comprehensive panel of primary CNS tumors of childhood was examined by immunohistochemistry for levels and extent of B7–H3 expression. In addition, B7–H3 m-RNA expression status and association with overall survival in various pediatric CNS tumor types was accessed by curating publicly available patient gene expression data sets derived from bioinformatics analysis and visualization platforms (GlioVis). We demonstrate that B7–H3 is broadly expressed in pediatric glial and nonglial CNS tumors, and its aberrant expression, as determined by immunohistochemical staining intensity, correlates with tumor grade. Moreover, high B7–H3 m-RNA expression is significantly associated with worse survival and could potentially improve prognostication in various brain tumor types of childhood. B7–H3 can be used as a therapeutic target, given its tumor selectivity and the availability of targeted therapeutic agents to this antigen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uday B Maachani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Umberto Tosi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - David J Pisapia
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Julia Voronina
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Martinez
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mariarita Santi
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nadia Dahmane
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhiping Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Mark M Souweidane
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jha P, Manjunath N, Singh J, Mani K, Garg A, Kaur K, Sharma MC, Raheja A, Suri A, Sarkar C, Suri V. Analysis of PD‐L1 expression and T cell infiltration in different molecular subgroups of diffuse midline gliomas. Neuropathology 2019; 39:413-424. [DOI: 10.1111/neup.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prerana Jha
- Department of PathologyAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Niveditha Manjunath
- Department of NeurosurgeryAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Jyotsna Singh
- Department of PathologyAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Kalaivani Mani
- Department of BiostatisticsAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Ajay Garg
- Department of NeuroradiologyAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Kavneet Kaur
- Department of PathologyAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Mehar C. Sharma
- Department of PathologyAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Amol Raheja
- Department of NeurosurgeryAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Ashish Suri
- Department of NeurosurgeryAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Chitra Sarkar
- Department of PathologyAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Vaishali Suri
- Department of PathologyAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Huang W, Zhong Z, Luo C, Xiao Y, Li L, Zhang X, Yang L, Xiao K, Ning Y, Chen L, Liu Q, Hu X, Zhang J, Ding X, Xiang S. The miR-26a/AP-2α/Nanog signaling axis mediates stem cell self-renewal and temozolomide resistance in glioma. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:5497-5516. [PMID: 31534499 PMCID: PMC6735392 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of transcription factor AP-2α has been functionally associated with various cancers, but its clinical significance and molecular mechanisms in human glioma are largely elusive. Methods: AP-2α expression was analyzed in human glioma tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in glioma cell lines by Western blot. The effects of AP-2α on glioma cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor formation were evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethyNCthiazol-2-yl)-25-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and transwell assays in vitro and in nude mouse models in vivo. The influence of AP-2α on glioma cell stemness was analyzed by sphere-formation, self-renewal and limiting dilution assays in vitro and in intracranial mouse models in vivo. The effects of AP-2α on temozolomide (TMZ) resistance were detected by the MTT assay, cell apoptosis, real-time PCR analysis, western blotting and mouse experiments. The correlation between AP-2α expression and the expression of miR-26a, Nanog was determined by luciferase reporter assays, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and expression analysis. Results: AP-2α expression was downregulated in 58.5% of glioma tissues and in 4 glioma cell lines. AP-2α overexpression not only reduced the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cell lines but also suppressed the sphere-formation and self-renewal abilities of glioma stem cells in vitro. Moreover, AP-2α overexpression inhibited subcutaneous and intracranial xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, AP-2α enhanced the sensitivity of glioma cells to TMZ. Finally, AP-2α directly bound to the regulatory region of the Nanog gene, reduced Nanog, Sox2 and CD133 expression. Meanwhile, AP-2α indirectly downregulated Nanog expression by inhibiting the interleukin 6/janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (IL6/JAK2/STAT3) signaling pathway, consequently decreasing O6-methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. In addition, miR-26a decreased AP-2α expression by binding to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of AP-2α and reversed the tumor suppressive role of AP-2α in glioma, which was rescued by a miR-26a inhibitor. TMZ and the miR-26a inhibitor synergistically suppressed intracranial GSC growth. Conclusion: These results suggest that AP-2α reduces the stemness and TMZ resistance of glioma by inhibiting the Nanog/Sox2/CD133 axis and IL6/STAT3 signaling pathways. Therefore, AP-2α and miR-26a inhibition might represent a new target for developing new therapeutic strategies in TMZ resistance and recurrent glioma patients.
Collapse
|
26
|
He L, Li Z. B7-H3 and its role in bone cancers. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152420. [PMID: 31060912 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Most bone cancers have a high risk of metastasis, recurrence, and poor prognosis. Although conventional treatments are still the most important therapy, disadvantages still exist. Therefore, there is an unmet need to develop effective strategies. Immunotherapy is a promising therapy. Immunotherapies targeting checkpoints have proven to be successful, but B7-H3 (CD276, clusters of differentiation protein 276), a member of the B7-family of co-stimulatory molecules, is not being widely studied in bone cancers. This review summarized the studies on B7-H3 in bone cancers. 4 studies investigated B7-H3 expression in osteosarcoma, but there is no study on B7-H3 expression in chondrosarcoma. Two studies investigated the possibility to treat Ewing`s sarcoma through targeting the B7-H3 CAR (chimeric antigen receptors) T-cells or using anti-B7-H3 antibody. A study observed the growth of myeloma in B7-H3-deficient mice and the therapeutic effect of B7-H3 antibody and a study invested B7-H3 expression in myeloma patients. One study reported B7-H3 expression in osteoclastomas and one study investigated B7-H3 expression in chordoma tumor tissues. Two clinical trials are conducting on the therapy of osteosarcoma and myeloma using B7-H3 as a target. In conclusion, B7-H3 could be a target of bone cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lile He
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Peng H, Li Z, Fu J, Zhou R. Growth and differentiation factor 15 regulates PD-L1 expression in glioblastoma. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:2653-2661. [PMID: 31114328 PMCID: PMC6497826 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s192095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gliomablastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most fatal form of all brain cancers in human with no successful treatment available. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a coinhibitory ligand predominantly expressed by tumor cells. Growth differentiation factors (GDFs) are a subfamily of proteins belonging to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily that have functions predominantly in tissue development and cancer. Purpose: To investigat the expression of GDFs in GBMs, and explored the potential regulatory role of GDFs on PD-L1 expression in GBMs. Methods: GEO2R program were analyzed for the mRNA expression data of GDFs in GSE4290 dataset. Analysis of TCGA GBM datasets were further determined the relationship between GDFs and PD-L1. Western blot Western blot was used to detect the expression of PD-L1 in GBM cell lines. Results: GDFs displayed differential patterns of expression with GDF15 and myostatin (MSTN) highly enriched in GBM tissues. We also identified GDF15 as a novel regulator that induces PD-L1 expression in GBM cells. Consistently, GDF15 expression correlated with PD-L1 in TCGA GBM dataset. Further, GDF15 enhanced PD-L1 expression via Smad2/3 pathway in GBM cell line U87, U251 and SHG44, which was inhibited by Smad2/3 inhibitor SIS3. Knockdown of GDF15 attenuated Smad2/3 signaling and reduced PD-L1 expression in A172 and GIC6 glioma cells. Conclusion: GDF15 might be a novel regulator of PD-L1 expression in GBMs; targeting GDF15/PD-L1 pathway might be a promising therapeutic approach for GBM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiqin Peng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanzhan Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Fu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu Y, Cheng C, Bai L, Yao F, Shi S, Zhang Y. Value of bile soluble B7H3 for the diagnosis of malignant biliary strictures: Results of a retrospective study. Surg Oncol 2019; 28:195-200. [PMID: 30851900 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Increasing evidence has demonstrated that serum soluble B7H3(sB7-H3) is a useful tumor marker for cancer diagnosis and prognostic evaluations. Whether sB7-H3 expressed in the bile is related to the progression of malignant biliary strictures must be clarified. METHODS Bile sB7-H3 was obtained via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) from 323 patients suspected to have malignant biliary strictures and was detected using a B7H3 ELISA kit. Diagnostic value was compared among bile sB7-H3, CA19-9, CA12-5, and CEA and ERCP-based cytological/tissue examination. Additionally, the correlations between the bile sB7-H3 concentration and the clinical characteristics of malignant biliary strictures were studied. RESULTS The bile sB7-H3 levels of patients with malignant biliary strictures were significantly higher than those in patients with benign biliary strictures (P < 0.001). The AUC values of the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves for CA19-9, CA12-5 and CEA were 0.764, 0.475 and 0.399, respectively, which were significantly lower than that of sB7-H3 (0.878); the sensitivities of ERCP-based cytological and tissue examinations were 55.7% and 66.4%, respectively, which were far lower than that of bile sB7-H3(81.2%). A high level of sB7-H3 in patients with malignant biliary strictures was found to be correlated with vascular invasion(P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis(P < 0.001), distant metastasis (P < 0.001) and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage(P = 0.01). The overall survival rate of the patients in the high sB7-H3 group was significantly lower than that of the patients in the low sB7-H3 group(P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS Bile sB7-H3 could serve as a valuable biomarker for patients with malignant biliary strictures and high levels of bile sB7-H3 were associated with poor clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lan Bai
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Feng Yao
- Hepato Pancreat Obiliary & Spteen Surgery Dept Wuhan PuAi Hospital,, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhanm, 430000, China
| | - Shenchao Shi
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430033, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gu D, Ao X, Yang Y, Chen Z, Xu X. Soluble immune checkpoints in cancer: production, function and biological significance. J Immunother Cancer 2018; 6:132. [PMID: 30482248 PMCID: PMC6260693 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-018-0449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoints play important roles in immune regulation, and blocking immune checkpoints on the cell membrane is a promising strategy in the treatment of cancer. Based on this, monoclonal antibodies are having much rapid development, such as those against CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4) and PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1).But the cost of preparation of monoclonal antibodies is too high and the therapeutic effect is still under restrictions. Recently, a series of soluble immune checkpoints have been found such as sCTLA-4 (soluble CTLA-4) and sPD-1 (soluble PD-1). They are functional parts of membrane immune checkpoints produced in different ways and can be secreted by immune cells. Moreover, these soluble checkpoints can diffuse in the serum. Much evidence has demonstrated that these soluble checkpoints are involved in positive or negative immune regulation and that changes in their plasma levels affect the development, prognosis and treatment of cancer. Since they are endogenous molecules, they will not induce immunological rejection in human beings, which might make up for the deficiencies of monoclonal antibodies and enhance the utility value of these molecules. Therefore, there is an increasing need for investigating novel soluble checkpoints and their functions, and it is promising to develop relevant therapies in the future. In this review, we describe the production mechanisms and functions of various soluble immune checkpoint receptors and ligands and discuss their biological significance in regard to biomarkers, potential candidate drugs, therapeutic targets, and other topics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daqian Gu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.,First Department, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.,First Department, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.,First Department, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.,First Department, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China. .,First Department, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang L, Zhang C, Zhang Z, Han B, Shen Z, Li L, Liu S, Zhao X, Ye F, Zhang Y. Specific clinical and immune features of CD68 in glioma via 1,024 samples. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:6409-6419. [PMID: 30568502 PMCID: PMC6267768 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s183293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a growing recognition that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are recruited to the glioma environment, facilitating tumor proliferation and migration by creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment. CD68 has been widely reported as a specific marker of TAMs in cancer. Purpose To clarify the role of CD68 in glioma, we investigated its function at the transcriptome level and relationship with clinical practice. Patients and methods In total, 325 RNA-seq data from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) and 697 RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) network were enrolled in this study. CD68-specific findings were further analyzed with R language, and the prognostic impacts were validated through analyzing the overall survival (OS). Results CD68 showed a positive correlation with the WHO grade of malignancy in glioma. Meanwhile, CD68 was predominantly expressed in IDH wide type and mesenchymal subtype. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that CD68-related genes were closely related to inflammatory response and immune response. Moreover, seven cultures of metagenes further confirmed that CD68 was a specific marker for macrophages in inflammatory response and played an important role in suppressing T-cell-mediated immunity. The Pearson correlation test suggested that CD68 showed robust correlation with other markers of macrophages and immune checkpoints, including PD-1 and TIM-3. Clinically, a high expression level of CD68 in tumors exhibited a poor survival in glioma patients. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that CD68 acted as an immune suppressor and contributed to glioma progression in the tumor microenvironment. These findings may expand our understanding of CD68-specific clinical and immune features in glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China, .,Department of Otology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Chaoqi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China, .,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,
| | - Bing Han
- Department of General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Zhibo Shen
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,
| | - Lifeng Li
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China, .,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,
| | - Shasha Liu
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,
| | - Fanglei Ye
- Department of Otology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China, .,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China, .,Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Richards RM, Sotillo E, Majzner RG. CAR T Cell Therapy for Neuroblastoma. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2380. [PMID: 30459759 PMCID: PMC6232778 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with high risk neuroblastoma have a poor prognosis and survivors are often left with debilitating long term sequelae from treatment. Even after integration of anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody therapy into standard, upftont protocols, 5-year overall survival rates are only about 50%. The success of anti-GD2 therapy has proven that immunotherapy can be effective in neuroblastoma. Adoptive transfer of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells has the potential to build on this success. In early phase clinical trials, CAR T cell therapy for neuroblastoma has proven safe and feasible, but significant barriers to efficacy remain. These include lack of T cell persistence and potency, difficulty in target identification, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. With recent advances in CAR T cell engineering, many of these issues are being addressed in the laboratory. In this review, we summarize the clinical trials that have been completed or are underway for CAR T cell therapy in neuroblastoma, discuss the conclusions and open questions derived from these trials, and consider potential strategies to improve CAR T cell therapy for patients with neuroblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M. Richards
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Elena Sotillo
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Robbie G. Majzner
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ma W, Ma J, Ma P, Lei T, Zhao M, Zhang M. Targeting immunotherapy for bladder cancer using anti-CD3× B7-H3 bispecific antibody. Cancer Med 2018; 7:5167-5177. [PMID: 30253078 PMCID: PMC6198238 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE B7-H3 is attractive for cancer immunotherapy with B7-H3 overexpressed tumors. To explore whether B7-H3 is an effective target for patients with bladder cancer, anti-CD3× anti-B7-H3 bispecific antibodies (B7-H3Bi-Ab) was armed with activated T cells (ATC) to kill bladder cancer cells. METHODS High expressions of B7-H3 on human bladder cancer cells were detected, including Pumc-91 and T24 cells, and their chemotherapeutic drug-resistant counterparts. ATC generated from healthy donors were stimulated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody and interleukin-2 (IL-2) for 13 days. The ability of ATC armed with B7-H3Bi-Ab to kill bladder cancer cells was detected by flow cytometry, LDH, Elisa, and luciferase quantitative assay. Moreover, ATC generated from bladder cancer patients was armed with B7-H3Bi-Ab to verity the cell killing by the methods as previously described. RESULTS Compared with unarmed ATC, a significant increased cytotoxicity of B7-H3Bi-Ab-armed ATC against bladder cancer cells was discovered. The B7-H3Bi-Ab-armed ATC secreted more IFN-γ, TNF-α, and expressed high levels of activation marker CD69. Interestingly, despite the presence of immunosuppression in patients and resistance in chemotherapeutic drug-resistant cancer cell lines, B7-H3Bi-Ab-armed ATC from patients with bladder cancer still showed significant cytotoxic activity against bladder cancer cells and their chemotherapeutic drug-resistant counterparts. CONCLUSION B7-H3 is an effective target for bladder cancer. B7-H3Bi-Ab enhances the ability of ATC to kill bladder cancer cells. B7-H3Bi-Ab-armed ATC is promisingly to provide a novel strategy for current bladder cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanru Ma
- Collage of Medical Technique, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medical, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medical, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Collage of Medical Technique, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medical, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| | - Man Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medical, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medical, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang C, Zhang Z, Li F, Shen Z, Qiao Y, Li L, Liu S, Song M, Zhao X, Ren F, He Q, Yang B, Fan R, Zhang Y. Large-scale analysis reveals the specific clinical and immune features of B7-H3 in glioma. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1461304. [PMID: 30377558 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1461304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: B7-H3 is an immune checkpoint member that belongs to B7-CD28 families and plays a vital role in the inhibition of T-cell function. Importantly, B7-H3 is widely overexpressed on solid tumors, making it become an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy. To clarify the expression panel of B7-H3 in glioma, we explored the clinical and immune features of B7-H3 expression in a large-scale study. Methods and patients: Totally, 1323 glioma samples from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) dataset, including 325 RNAseq data and 301 mRNA microarray data, and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, including 697 RNAseq data, were gathered into our research. The statistical analysis and graphical work were mainly realized by R language. Results: B7-H3 expression was found positively correlated with the grade of malignancy, which might be caused by hypomethylation. The expression level of B7-H3 was consistently up-regulated in IDH wild-type glioma and highly enriched in mesenchymal subtype. GSEA analysis suggested that B7-H3 related genes were more involved in immune response and angiogenesis in glioma. Moreover, B7-H3 showed a consistent positive relationship with stromal and immune cell populations. Further analysis confirmed that B7-H3 played an important role in T-cell-mediated immunity, especially in T-cell-mediated immune response to tumor cell. Circos plots revealed that B7-H3 was tightly associated with most B7 members and other immune checkpoints. Univariate and multivariate cox analysis demonstrated that B7-H3 was an independent prognosticator for glioma patients. Conclusion: B7-H3 represents the malignant phenotype of glioma and independently predicted worse prognosis in glioma patients. Moreover, B7-H3 collaborating with other checkpoint members may contribute to the dysfunctional phenotype of T cell. These findings will be helpful for further optimizing immunotherapies for glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Cancer center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Feng Li
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Zhibo Shen
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Cancer center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Yamin Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Cancer center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Cancer center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Mengjia Song
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Cancer center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Feifei Ren
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Qianyi He
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Ruitai Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Cancer center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Clinical significance of serum soluble B7-H3 in patients with osteosarcoma. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:115. [PMID: 30123093 PMCID: PMC6090643 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0614-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing data has indicated an association between increased soluble B7-H3 (sB7-H3) levels and unfavorable prognosis in patients with malignancies. However, the level of sB7-H3 and its clinical significance in osteosarcoma (OS) are not well known. In this present study, we investigated whether sB7-H3 levels in serum could be as a tool for differential diagnosis of OS patients. Methods Peripheral blood samples from healthy controls, benign bone tumors, and OS patients were collected. Levels of sB7-H3 in serum samples were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The correlation between OS-derived sB7-H3 and clinical features was analyzed, and prognostic significance of the sB7-H3 concentrations and tumor expressions of the biomarkers was then evaluated. Results sB7-H3 concentrations were significantly increased in patients with OS than in osteochondroma patients, bone fibrous dysplasia patients and healthy people (p < 0.05, respectively). Using 60.94 ng/mL as a cutoff value, the sensitivity and specificity of sB7-H3 was to differentiate between OS patients and other bone benign tumor patients were 75.7% and 83.8%, respectively. In addition, upregulated serum sB7-H3 in patients with OS associated with tumor differentiation, tumor stage, and metastasis status (p < 0.05, respectively). The area under the curve value for sB7-H3 (0.868) was markedly higher than those for ALP (0.713) and CA125 (0.789) for differentiating between OS patients and other begin bone tumor patients. Conclusions We demonstrated that enhanced sB7-H3 levels correlated with the clinical characteristics of OS patients, and B7-H3 might be a potential biomarker and associated with the pathogenesis of OS.
Collapse
|
35
|
Ni L, Dong C. New B7 Family Checkpoints in Human Cancers. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 16:1203-1211. [PMID: 28679835 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
T cells are the main effector cells in immune response against tumors. The activation of T cells is regulated by the innate immune system through positive and negative costimulatory molecules. Targeting immune checkpoint regulators such as programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and CTL antigen 4 (CTLA-4) has achieved notable benefit in a variety of cancers, which leads to multiple clinical trials with antibodies targeting the other related B7/CD28 family members. Recently, five new B7 family ligands, B7-H3, B7-H4, B7-H5, B7-H6, and B7-H7, were identified. Here we review recent understanding of new B7 family checkpoint molecules as they have come to the front of cancer research with the concept that tumor cells exploit them to escape immune surveillance. The aim of this article is to address the structure and expression of the new B7 family molecules as well as their roles in controlling and suppressing immune responses of T cells as well as NK cells. We also discuss clinical significance and contribution of these checkpoint expressions in human cancers. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(7); 1203-11. ©2017 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ni
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chen Dong
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Jiang B, Zhang T, Liu F, Sun Z, Shi H, Hua D, Yang C. The co-stimulatory molecule B7-H3 promotes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:31755-71. [PMID: 27145365 PMCID: PMC5077974 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
B7-H3, first recognized as a co-stimulatory molecule, is abnormally expressed in cancer tissues and is associated with cancer metastasis and a poor prognosis. However, as an initial event of metastasis, the relationship between the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT ) in cancer cells and B7-H3 has still not been investigated. In this study, we first analyzed B7-H3 expression by immunohistochemistry in colorectal cancer tissues. B7-H3 was expressed in the cancer cell membrane and was associated with the T stage of colorectal cancer; it also showed a positive correlation with MMP2 and MMP9 expression in cancer tissues. Over-expression of B7-H3 in SW480 cells allowed cancer cells to invade and metastasize more than the control cells, whereas invasion and metastasis capabilities were decreased after B7-H3 was knocked down in Caco-2 cells. We further showed that B7-H3 down-regulated the expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin and up-regulated N-cadherin and Vimentin expression, implying that B7-H3 promoted the EMT in colorectal cancer cells. We also checked another character of the EMT, the stemness of cancer cells. CD133, CD44 and Oct4 were significantly elevated after the SW480 cells were transfected with B7-H3 and reduced in Caco-2 cells after B7-H3 was inhibited. In subsequent studies, we proved that B7-H3 upregulated the expression of Smad1 via PI3K-Akt. In conclusion, B7-H3 promotes the EMT in colorectal cancer cells by activating the PI3K-Akt pathway and upregulating the expression of Smad1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Cancer Center, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhangzhang Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hanping Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Cancer Center, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Hua
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Nuclear-Medicine, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
B7-H3 as a promising target for cytotoxicity T cell in human cancer therapy. Oncotarget 2017; 7:29480-91. [PMID: 27121051 PMCID: PMC5045411 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting B7-H3 over-expressed tumor cells with anti-B7-H3 monoclonal antibodies inhibits tumor growth. Here we demonstrated the expression of B7 family homologue 3 (B7-H3) in a wide range of human tumor cells and further investigated whether B7-H3 could be served as a target for T-cell mediated immunotherapy against human cancers. The specific cytotoxic activity of activated T cell (ATC) armed with a novel anti-CD3 x anti-B7-H3 bispecific antibody (B7-H3Bi-Ab) against tumor cell was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. In contrast with unarmed ATC, an increase in cytotoxic activity of B7-H3Bi-armed ATC against tumor cells was observed at effector/target (E/T) ratios of 5:1, 10:1, and 20:1. Moreover, B7-H3Bi-armed ATC secreted more IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2 than unarmed ATC. Infusion of B7-H3Bi-armed ATC inhibited tumor growth in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) xenograft models, along with a significant survival benefit. Therefore, treatment with novel B7-H3Bi-armed ATC will be a promising strategy for current cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
|
38
|
Tang YC, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Zhi Q, Wu MY, Gong FR, Shen M, Liu L, Tao M, Shen B, Gu DM, Yu J, Xu MD, Gao Y, Li W. Ginsenoside Rg3 targets cancer stem cells and tumor angiogenesis to inhibit colorectal cancer progression in vivo. Int J Oncol 2017; 52:127-138. [PMID: 29115601 PMCID: PMC5743384 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic therapy has been successfully applied to treat colorectal cancer (CRC). Ginsenoside Rg3, derived from the Chinese herb ginseng, has anti-vascularization effects and can inhibit tumor growth and metastasis, and can sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated whether Rg3 could be appropriate for CRC treatment. Growth of CRC cells was assessed by an MTT (methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium) assay in vitro and using orthotopic xenograft models in vivo. mRNA expression was evaluated using real-time PCR. Protein levels were tested by western blotting, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Migration was determined using a wound-healing assay. Stemness was further confirmed using a plate clone formation assay. We found that Rg3 repressed the growth and stemness of CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Rg3 also impaired the migration of CRC cells in vitro. Rg3 downregulated the expressions of angiogenesis-related genes, and repressed the vascularization of CRC xenografts. In addition, Rg3 strengthened the cytotoxicity of 5-Fluorouracil and oxaliplatin against orthotopic xenografts in vivo. Moreover, Rg3 downregulated the expressions of B7-H1 and B7-H3, high expressions of which were associated with reduced overall survival (OS) of CRC patients. Hence, Rg3 not only repressed the growth and stemness of CRC cells, but could also remodel the tumor microenvironment through repressing angiogenesis and promoting antitumor immunity. Therefore, Rg3 could be a novel therapeutic for the CRC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Tang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoming Zhi
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Yao Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Fei-Ran Gong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Meng Shen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Min Tao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Bairong Shen
- Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Mei Gu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Dan Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Xue S, Hu M, Li P, Ma J, Xie L, Teng F, Zhu Y, Fan B, Mu D, Yu J. Relationship between expression of PD-L1 and tumor angiogenesis, proliferation, and invasion in glioma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:49702-49712. [PMID: 28591697 PMCID: PMC5564800 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is highly expressed in many cancers. We investigated the expression of PD-L1 and its relationship with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase-9 and KI-67 expression in 64 patients with primary glioma. The expression rate of PD-L1 in glioma patients was 78.12%. PD-L1 levels correlated with the tumor grade (p = 0.013), VEGF status (p = 0.002) and KI-67 status (p = 0.002). In addition, PD-L1 levels correlated positively with VEGF (r = 0.314, p = 0.011) and KI-67 (r = 0.391, p = 0.001) levels when the data were treated as continuous variables. This is the first report suggesting that PD-L1 is important for glioma angiogenesis and proliferation. Thus, further research should be conducted to assess the combination of targeted VEGF therapy and anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy for the treatment of glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Xue
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Man Hu
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Jinan Military Command, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ji Ma
- Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Medicine, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Xie
- Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Feifei Teng
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yufang Zhu
- Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bingjie Fan
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dianbin Mu
- Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Castellanos JR, Purvis IJ, Labak CM, Guda MR, Tsung AJ, Velpula KK, Asuthkar S. B7-H3 role in the immune landscape of cancer. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 6:66-75. [PMID: 28695059 PMCID: PMC5498853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The field of immunotherapy is a continually expanding niche in cancer biology research. In the last two decades, there has been significant progress in identifying better targets and creating more specific agents for therapy in the field. B7-H3 (CD276) is an immune checkpoint from the B7 family of molecules, many of whom interact with known checkpoint markers including CTLA4, PD-1, and CD28. This is an exciting molecule that is overexpressed in many cancers, although the receptor of B7-H3 has not been characterized. Initially, B7-H3 was thought to co-stimulate the immune response, but recent studies have shown that it has a co-inhibitory role on T-cells, contributing to tumor cell immune evasion. Therefore, its overexpression has been linked to poor prognosis in human patients and to invasive and metastatic potential of tumors in in vitro models. Moreover, recent evidence has shown that B7-H3 influences cancer progression beyond the immune regulatory roles. In this review, we aim to characterize the roles of B7-H3 in different cancers, its relationship with other immune checkpoints, and its non-immunological function in cancer progression. Targeting B7-H3 in cancer treatment can reduce cell proliferation, progression, and metastasis, which may ultimately lead to improved therapeutic options and better clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose R Castellanos
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoria 61656, IL, USA
| | - Ian J Purvis
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoria 61656, IL, USA
| | - Collin M Labak
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoria 61656, IL, USA
| | - Maheedhara R Guda
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoria 61656, IL, USA
| | - Andrew J Tsung
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoria 61656, IL, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoria 61656, IL, USA
| | - Kiran K Velpula
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoria 61656, IL, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoria 61656, IL, USA
| | - Swapna Asuthkar
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoria 61656, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Xue S, Hu M, Iyer V, Yu J. Blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in glioma: a potential new treatment strategy. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:81. [PMID: 28388955 PMCID: PMC5384128 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0455-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common type of primary brain tumor in adults. High-grade neoplasms are associated with poor prognoses, whereas low-grade neoplasms are associated with 5-year overall survival rates of approximately 85%. Despite considerable progress in treatment modalities, the outcomes remain dismal. As is the case with many other tumors, gliomas express or secrete several immunosuppressive molecules that regulate immune cell function. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a coinhibitory ligand that is predominantly expressed by tumor cells. The binding of PD-L1 to its receptor PD-1 has been demonstrated to induce an immune escape mechanism and to play a critical role in tumor initiation and development. Encouraging results following the blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have validated PD-L1 or PD-1 as a target for cancer immunotherapy. Studies have reported that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays a key role in glioma progression and in the efficacy of immunotherapies. Thus, progress in research into PD-L1 will enable us to develop a more effective and individualized immunotherapeutic strategy for gliomas. In this paper, we review PD-L1 expression, PD-L1-mediated immunosuppressive mechanisms, and the clinical applications of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in gliomas. Potential treatment strategies and the challenges that may occur during the clinical development of these agents for gliomas are also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Xue
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 575 Mingfu Road, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Man Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China.,Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Veena Iyer
- Hematology-Oncology, University of Toledo Medical Center, 1325 Conference Drive, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China. .,Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Janakiram M, Shah UA, Liu W, Zhao A, Schoenberg MP, Zang X. The third group of the B7-CD28 immune checkpoint family: HHLA2, TMIGD2, B7x, and B7-H3. Immunol Rev 2017; 276:26-39. [PMID: 28258693 PMCID: PMC5338461 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The B7-CD28 family of ligands and receptors play important roles in T-cell co-stimulation and co-inhibition. Phylogenetically they can be divided into three groups. The recent discovery of the new molecules (B7-H3 [CD276], B7x [B7-H4/B7S1], and HHLA2 [B7H7/B7-H5]/TMIGD2 [IGPR-1/CD28H]) of the group III has expanded therapeutic possibilities for the treatment of human diseases. In this review, we describe the discovery, structure, and function of B7-H3, B7x, HHLA2, and TMIGD2 in immune regulation. We also discuss their roles in important pathological states such as cancers, autoimmune diseases, transplantation, and infection. Various immunotherapeutical approaches are emerging including antagonistic monoclonal antibodies and agonistic fusion proteins to inhibit or potentiate these molecules and pathways in cancers and autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murali Janakiram
- Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Urvi A Shah
- Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Weifeng Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Aimin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mark P Schoenberg
- Department of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Xingxing Zang
- Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang X, Feng Y, Bajaj G, Gupta M, Agrawal S, Yang A, Park J, Lestini B, Roy A. Quantitative Characterization of the Exposure-Response Relationship for Cancer Immunotherapy: A Case Study of Nivolumab in Patients With Advanced Melanoma. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2017; 6:40-48. [PMID: 28019090 PMCID: PMC5270290 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To inform the benefit-risk assessment of nivolumab in patients with advanced melanoma, analyses of efficacy and safety exposure-response (E-R) relationships were conducted with data from patients with advanced melanoma enrolled in two clinical studies (phase I and phase III) who received nivolumab 0.1-10.0 mg/kg every 2 weeks. E-R efficacy analyses were performed by relating the nivolumab time-averaged concentration after the first dose (Cavg1 ) to two endpoints: RECIST objective response (OR) and overall survival (OS). E-R safety analyses characterized the relationship between nivolumab Cavg1 and the hazard of all-causality adverse events leading to discontinuation or death (AE-DC/D). Nivolumab exposure represented by Cavg1 was not a significant predictor of OR, OS, or the hazard of AE-DC/D. E-R efficacy and safety relationships were relatively flat over the exposure range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- Clinical Pharmacology and PharmacometricsBristol‐Myers SquibbPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - Y Feng
- Clinical Pharmacology and PharmacometricsBristol‐Myers SquibbPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - G Bajaj
- Clinical Pharmacology and PharmacometricsBristol‐Myers SquibbPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - M Gupta
- Clinical Pharmacology and PharmacometricsBristol‐Myers SquibbPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - S Agrawal
- Clinical Pharmacology and PharmacometricsBristol‐Myers SquibbPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - A Yang
- Oncology Global Clinical Research, Bristol‐Myers SquibbPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - J‐S Park
- Global Biometric Sciences, Bristol‐Myers SquibbPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - B Lestini
- Oncology Global Clinical Research, Bristol‐Myers SquibbPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - A Roy
- Clinical Pharmacology and PharmacometricsBristol‐Myers SquibbPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Duinkerken S, van Kooyk Y, Garcia-Vallejo JJ. Human cytomegalovirus-based immunotherapy to treat glioblastoma: Into the future. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1214791. [PMID: 27757314 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1214791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor and median survival time with current therapies is only 14.6 mo. Although multiple immunotherapeutic strategies are being explored, efficacy remains poor. In order to improve immunotherapy for GBM, we propose to combine currently used endogenous with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) specific antigens expressed on cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanne Duinkerken
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VUmc , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VUmc , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Juan J Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VUmc , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Picarda E, Ohaegbulam KC, Zang X. Molecular Pathways: Targeting B7-H3 (CD276) for Human Cancer Immunotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:3425-3431. [PMID: 27208063 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
B7-H3 (CD276) is an important immune checkpoint member of the B7 and CD28 families. Induced on antigen-presenting cells, B7-H3 plays an important role in the inhibition of T-cell function. Importantly, B7-H3 is highly overexpressed on a wide range of human solid cancers and often correlates with both negative prognosis and poor clinical outcome in patients. Challenges remain to identify the receptor(s) of B7-H3 and thus better elucidate the role of the B7-H3 pathway in immune responses and tumor evasion. With a preferential expression on tumor cells, B7-H3 is an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy. Based on the clinical success of inhibitory immune checkpoint blockade (CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1), mAbs against B7-H3 appear to be a promising therapeutic strategy worthy of development. An unconventional mAb against B7-H3 with antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity is currently being evaluated in a phase I clinical trial and has shown encouraging preliminary results. Additional therapeutic approaches in targeting B7-H3, such as blocking mAbs, bispecific mAbs, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, small-molecule inhibitors, and combination therapies, should be evaluated, as these technologies have already shown positive results in various cancer settings. A better understanding of the B7-H3 pathway in humans will surely help to further optimize associated cancer immunotherapies. Clin Cancer Res; 22(14); 3425-31. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Picarda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Kim C Ohaegbulam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Xingxing Zang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.,Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.,Department of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Jiang B, Liu F, Liu Z, Zhang T, Hua D. B7-H3 increases thymidylate synthase expression via the PI3k-Akt pathway. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:9465-72. [PMID: 26787540 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4740-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
B7-H3, a member of the B7 family, has been reported to be highly expressed in colorectal cancer and is associated with poor prognosis and overall survival. In this study, we found that overexpression of B7-H3 protected SW80 and HCT8 cells from 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) using CCK-8 assays by inducing resistance to 5-FU chemotherapy. Further investigation has revealed elevated expression of thymidylate synthase (TS) and upregulation of the PI3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway in B7-H3 overexpressing cells. The effects of B7-H3 on activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and elevation of TS expression could be blocked by LY294002, a specific inhibitor of the PI3K signaling pathway. These results implied that B7-H3 can induce colorectal cancer cell resistance to 5-FU by increasing TS expression and PI3K/Akt/TS signaling and plays an important role during these processes. This study provides more proof concerning the non-immunology effect of B7 molecules, a reminder that both co-stimulatory or inhibitory effects and non-immunology effects should be devoted equal attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214062, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214062, China
| | - ZhiHui Liu
- Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214062, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214062, China
| | - Dong Hua
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
LIU FEN, ZHANG TING, ZOU SHITAO, JIANG BO, HUA DONG. B7-H3 promotes cell migration and invasion through the Jak2/Stat3/MMP9 signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:5455-60. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
|