1
|
Shi E, Wu Z, Karaoglan BS, Schwenk-Zieger S, Kranz G, Abdul Razak N, Reichel CA, Canis M, Baumeister P, Zeidler R, Gires O. 5'-Ectonucleotidase CD73/NT5E supports EGFR-mediated invasion of HPV-negative head and neck carcinoma cells. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:72. [PMID: 37620936 PMCID: PMC10463398 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00968-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of malignant cells is a driving force of disease progression in human papillomavirus-negative (HPV-negative) head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Sustained hyper-activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) induces an invasion-promoting subtype of EMT (EGFR-EMT) characterized by a gene signature ("'EGFR-EMT_Signature'") comprising 5´-ectonucleotidase CD73. Generally, CD73 promotes immune evasion via adenosine (ADO) formation and associates with EMT and metastases. However, CD73 regulation through EGFR signaling remains under-explored and targeting options are amiss. METHODS CD73 functions in EGFR-mediated tumor cell dissemination were addressed in 2D and 3D cellular models of migration and invasion. The novel antagonizing antibody 22E6 and therapeutic antibody Cetuximab served as inhibitors of CD73 and EGFR, respectively, in combinatorial treatment. Specificity for CD73 and its role as effector or regulator of EGFR-EMT were assessed upon CD73 knock-down and over-expression. CD73 correlation to tumor budding was studied in an in-house primary HNSCC cohort. Expression correlations, and prognostic and predictive values were analyzed using machine learning-based algorithms and Kaplan-Meier survival curves in single cell and bulk RNA sequencing datasets. RESULTS CD73/NT5E is induced by the EGF/EGFR-EMT-axis and blocked by Cetuximab and MEK inhibitor. Inhibition of CD73 with the novel antagonizing antibody 22E6 specifically repressed EGFR-dependent migration and invasion of HNSCC cells in 2D. Cetuximab and 22E6 alone reduced local invasion in a 3D-model. Interestingly, combining inefficient low-dose concentrations of Cetuximab and 22E6 revealed highly potent in invasion inhibition, substantially reducing the functional IC50 of Cetuximab regarding local invasion. A role for CD73 as an effector of EGFR-EMT in local invasion was further supported by knock-down and over-expression experiments in vitro and by high expression in malignant cells budding from primary tumors. CD73 expression correlated with EGFR pathway activity, EMT, and partial EMT (p-EMT) in malignant single HNSCC cells and in large patient cohorts. Contrary to published data, CD73 was not a prognostic marker of overall survival (OS) in the TCGA-HNSCC cohort when patients were stratified for HPV-status. However, CD73 prognosticated OS of oral cavity carcinomas. Furthermore, CD73 expression levels correlated with response to Cetuximab in HPV-negative advanced, metastasized HNSCC patients. CONCLUSIONS In sum, CD73 is an effector of EGF/EGFR-mediated local invasion and a potential therapeutic target and candidate predictive marker for advanced HPV-negative HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enxian Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhengquan Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Birnur Sinem Karaoglan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabina Schwenk-Zieger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gisela Kranz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nilofer Abdul Razak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph A Reichel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Canis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Baumeister
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Zeidler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Structural Biology, Research Unit Therapeutic Antibodies, Helmholtz Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 21, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Olivier Gires
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jain D, Somasundaram DB, Aravindan S, Yu Z, Baker A, Esmaeili A, Aravindan N. Prognostic significance of NT5E/CD73 in neuroblastoma and its function in CSC stemness maintenance. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:967-989. [PMID: 34773529 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09658-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 73 (CD73), a cell surface enzyme that catalyzes adenosine monophosphate (AMP) breakdown to adenosine, is differentially expressed in cancers and has prognostic significance. We investigated its expression profile in neuroblastoma (NB), its association with NB clinical outcomes, and its influence in the regulation of cancer stem cells' (CSCs) stemness maintenance. RNA-Seq data mining (22 independent study cohorts, total n = 3836) indicated that high CD73 can predict good NB prognosis. CD73 expression (immunohistochemistry) gauged in an NB patient cohort (n = 87) showed a positive correlation with longer overall survival (OS, P = 0.0239) and relapse-free survival (RFS, P = 0.0242). Similarly, high CD73 correlated with longer OS and RFS in advanced disease stages, MYCN non-amplified (MYCN-na), and Stage-4-MYCN-na subsets. Despite no definite association in children < 2 years old (2Y), high CD73 correlated with longer OS (P = 0.0294) and RFS (P = 0.0315) in children > 2Y. Consistently, high CD73 was associated with better OS in MYCN-na, high-risk, and stage-4 subsets of children > 2Y. Multivariate analysis identified CD73 as an independent (P = 0.001) prognostic factor for NB. Silencing CD73 in patient-derived (stage 4, progressive disease) CHLA-171 and CHLA-172 cells revealed cell-line-independent activation of 58 CSC stemness maintenance molecules (QPCR profiling). Overexpressing CD73 in CHLA-20 and CHLA-90 cells with low CD73 and silencing in CHLA-171 and CHLA-172 cells with high CD73 showed that CD73 regulates epithelial to mesenchymal transition (E-Cadherin, N-Cadherin, Vimentin), stemness maintenance (Sox2, Nanog, Oct3/4), self-renewal capacity (Notch), and differentiation inhibition (leukemia inhibitory factor, LIF) proteins (confocal-immunofluorescence). These results demonstrate that high CD73 can predict good prognosis in NB, and further suggest that CD73 regulates stemness maintenance in cells that defy clinical therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Drishti Jain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Dinesh Babu Somasundaram
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Zhongxin Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ashley Baker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Azadeh Esmaeili
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Natarajan Aravindan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Takamatsu D, Kiyozawa D, Kohashi K, Kinoshita F, Toda Y, Ishihara S, Eto M, Oda Y. Prognostic impact of CD73/adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) in renal cell carcinoma and immune microenvironmental status with sarcomatoid changes and rhabdoid features. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 244:154423. [PMID: 36989848 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
One of the most aggressive forms of kidney cancer is renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with sarcomatoid changes and rhabdoid features (S/R). Adenosine produced via CD73 binds to adenosine 2 A receptor (A2AR) and suppress antitumor immunity. Here, we attempted to analyze the expression of CD73/A2AR in S/R RCC and examined its relationships with other immune microenvironments and prognostic effect. Sixty cases of S/R RCC were selected. CD73/A2AR expression levels were graded in the tumor cells or infiltrating immune cells on a score of 0-3 and divided into low (0 or 1) or high (2 or 3) groups. PD-L1 results were defined by the tumor proportion score (TPS). We counted the numbers of CD8+, FOXP3+, CD68+, and CD163+ immune cells. The rates of CD73/A2AR expression in epithelial component (23.3% and 15.0%) were lower than those in high-grade component (70.0% and 45.0%). CD73/A2AR were significantly correlated to high numbers of regulatory Tcells and macrophages of M2 subtype (CD73: P = 0.0059 and 0.0002; A2AR: P = 0.0002 and 0.018, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that CD73/A2AR expressions were independent markers of unfavorable prognosis in S/R RCCs (P = 0.0204 and 0.0116, respectively). In RCC, the S/R component had higher expressions of CD73/A2AR than the epithelial component, and CD73/A2AR were independent prognostic factors. Compared with other RCCs, S/R RCCs are more effective at blocking adenosine signaling and CD73/A2AR inhibitors are expected to enhance the therapeutic efficacy and improve the prognosis of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies.
Collapse
|
4
|
Iser IC, Vedovatto S, Oliveira FD, Beckenkamp LR, Lenz G, Wink MR. The crossroads of adenosinergic pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:202-213. [PMID: 35779713 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key mechanism related to tumor progression, invasion, metastasis, resistance to therapy and poor prognosis in several types of cancer. However, targeting EMT or partial-EMT, as well as the molecules involved in this process, has remained a challenge. Recently, the CD73 enzyme, which hydrolyzes AMP to produce adenosine (ADO), has been linked to the EMT process. This relationship is not only due to the production of the immunosuppressant ADO but also to its role as a receptor for extracellular matrix proteins, being involved in cell adhesion and migration. This article reviews the crosstalk between the adenosinergic pathway and the EMT program and the impact of this interrelation on cancer development and progression. An in silico analysis of RNAseq datasets showed that several tumor types have a significant correlation between an EMT score and NT5E (CD73) and ENTPD1 (CD39) expressions, with the strongest correlations in prostate adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, it is evident that the cooperation between EMT and adenosinergic pathway in tumor progression is context and tumor-dependent. The increased knowledge about this topic will help broaden the view to explore new treatments and therapies for different types of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabele Cristiana Iser
- Department of Basics Health Sciences and Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Samlai Vedovatto
- Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Dittrich Oliveira
- Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Liziane Raquel Beckenkamp
- Department of Basics Health Sciences and Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guido Lenz
- Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcia Rosângela Wink
- Department of Basics Health Sciences and Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
CD73/Adenosine Pathway Involvement in the Interaction of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Stem Cells and Bone Cells in the Pre-Metastatic Niche. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095126. [PMID: 35563517 PMCID: PMC9104817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosinergic signaling is an important regulator of tissue homeostasis and extracellular accumulation of adenosine (Ado) and is associated with different pathologies, such as cancer. In non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a subset of CD133/CXCR4+ cancer stem cell (CSCs) has been demonstrated to initiate bone metastases. Here we investigated how NSCLC CSCs interact with osteoclasts (OCs) and osteoblasts (OBs) by modulating Ado production and OC activity. We proved that CSC-spheres, generated in vitro from NSCLC cell lines, express CD38, PC-1, and CD73, enzymes of the non-canonical adenosinergic pathway, produce high level of Ado, and down-regulate A1R and A3R inhibitory receptors, while expressing A2AR and A2BR. To address the Ado role and modulation of the in-bone pre-metastatic niche, we performed co-cultures of CSC-spheres with OCs and OBs cells. Firstly, we verified that active OCs do not activate non-canonical the adenosinergic pathway, conversely to OBs. OCs co-cultured with CSC-spheres increase Ado production that is related to the OC resorption activity and contributes to T-cell suppression. Finally, we proved the efficacy of anti-CD73 agents in blocking NSCLC cell migration. Overall, we assessed the importance of adenosinergic signaling in the interaction between CSCs and OCs at the pre-metastatic niche, with therapeutic implications related to Ado production.
Collapse
|
6
|
Kondo S, Iwasa S, Koyama T, Fujita T, Sugibayashi K, Murayama K, Yamamoto N. Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and antitumour activity of oleclumab in Japanese patients with advanced solid malignancies: a phase I, open-label study. Int J Clin Oncol 2022; 27:1795-1804. [PMID: 36342599 PMCID: PMC9700577 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-022-02242-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cluster of differentiation (CD) 73-targeted immunotherapy and CD73 inhibition may reduce adenosine production, which can augment the host and/or immunotherapy response to tumours. We aimed to assess the safety and tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and antitumour activity of oleclumab, an anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody, in adult Japanese patients with advanced solid malignancies resistant to standard therapy. METHODS In this phase I, single-centre, open-label study, patients received oleclumab 1500 mg (Cohort 1) or 3000 mg (Cohort 2) intravenously every 2 weeks. RESULTS In total, six patients were enrolled in the study (three in each cohort), and all six patients received the study treatment. The median patient age was 56.0 years and 4/6 were males. All patients (100%) reported adverse events (AEs) during the study; five (83.3%) patients reported AEs related to the study treatment. One (16.7%) patient reported a Grade 3 AE (neutrophil count decreased) that was not related to the study treatment. No AEs with an outcome of death were reported, and no patients reported AEs or serious AEs leading to oleclumab discontinuation/dose interruption. No dose-limiting toxicities were reported, and no patient discontinued due to an AE related to the study treatment. Oleclumab exposure increased dose proportionally. No patient achieved disease control at 8 weeks, and all six patients developed progressive disease. CONCLUSIONS Oleclumab was well tolerated in adult Japanese patients with advanced solid malignancies and no unexpected safety concerns were raised; oleclumab exposure increased with dose. Future studies on combination therapy with other agents are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Kondo
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Satoru Iwasa
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Takafumi Koyama
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Tomoko Fujita
- grid.476017.30000 0004 0376 5631AstraZeneca K.K., 3-1, Ofuka-cho, Kita-ku, Osaka, 530-0011 Japan
| | - Ko Sugibayashi
- grid.476017.30000 0004 0376 5631AstraZeneca K.K., 3-1-1, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-0023 Japan ,grid.417815.e0000 0004 5929 4381Present Address: AstraZeneca, 136 Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 8PA UK
| | - Kosho Murayama
- grid.476017.30000 0004 0376 5631AstraZeneca K.K., 3-1, Ofuka-cho, Kita-ku, Osaka, 530-0011 Japan
| | - Noboru Yamamoto
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tripathi A, Lin E, Xie W, Flaifel A, Steinharter JA, Stern Gatof EN, Bouchard G, Fleischer JH, Martinez-Chanza N, Gray C, Mantia C, Thompson L, Wei XX, Giannakis M, McGregor BA, Choueiri TK, Agarwal N, McDermott DF, Signoretti S, Harshman LC. Prognostic significance and immune correlates of CD73 expression in renal cell carcinoma. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-001467. [PMID: 33177176 PMCID: PMC7661372 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CD73–adenosine signaling in the tumor microenvironment is immunosuppressive and may be associated with aggressive renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We investigated the prognostic significance of CD73 protein expression in RCC leveraging nephrectomy samples. We also performed a complementary analysis using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset to evaluate the correlation of CD73 (ecto-5′-nucleotidase (NT5E), CD39 (ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (ENTPD1)) and A2 adenosine receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A) transcript levels with markers of angiogenesis and antitumor immune response. Methods Patients with RCC with available archived nephrectomy samples were eligible for inclusion. Tumor CD73 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry and quantified using a combined score (CS: % positive cells×intensity). Samples were categorized as CD73negative (CS=0), CD73low or CD73high (< and ≥median CS, respectively). Multivariable Cox regression analysis compared disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) between CD73 expression groups. In the TCGA dataset, samples were categorized as low, intermediate and high NT5E, ENTPD1 and ADORA2A gene expression groups. Gene expression signatures for infiltrating immune cells, angiogenesis, myeloid inflammation, and effector T-cell response were compared between NT5E, ENTPD1 and ADORA2A expression groups. Results Among the 138 patients eligible for inclusion, ‘any’ CD73 expression was observed in 30% of primary tumor samples. High CD73 expression was more frequent in patients with M1 RCC (29% vs 12% M0), grade 4 tumors (27% vs 13% grade 3 vs 15% grades 1 and 2), advanced T-stage (≥T3: 22% vs T2: 19% vs T1: 12%) and tumors with sarcomatoid histology (50% vs 12%). In the M0 cohort (n=107), patients with CD73high tumor expression had significantly worse 5-year DFS (42%) and 10-year OS (22%) compared with those in the CD73negative group (DFS: 75%, adjusted HR: 2.7, 95% CI 1.3 to 5.9, p=0.01; OS: 64%, adjusted HR: 2.6, 95% CI 1.2 to 5.8, p=0.02) independent of tumor stage and grade. In the TCGA analysis, high NT5E expression was associated with significantly worse 5-year OS (p=0.008). NT5E and ENTPD1 expression correlated with higher regulatory T cell (Treg) signature, while ADORA2A expression was associated with increased Treg and angiogenesis signatures. Conclusions High CD73 expression portends significantly worse survival outcomes independent of stage and grade. Our findings provide compelling support for targeting the immunosuppressive and proangiogenic CD73–adenosine pathway in RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Tripathi
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.,Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Edwin Lin
- University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Wanling Xie
- Department of Data Sciences, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - John A Steinharter
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Gabrielle Bouchard
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Justin H Fleischer
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nieves Martinez-Chanza
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Connor Gray
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charlene Mantia
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Linda Thompson
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Xiao X Wei
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Bradley A McGregor
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Toni K Choueiri
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Neeraj Agarwal
- University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | | | - Lauren C Harshman
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zheng W, Zhu Y, Chen X, Zhao J. CD73 expression in myeloid-derived suppressor cells is correlated with clinical stages in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1148. [PMID: 34430589 PMCID: PMC8350661 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73/CD73) is an ectonucleotidase that is being evaluated as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of various types of cancer. However, the clinicopathological relationship between CD73 expression in monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs) and polymorphonuclear MDSC (PMN-MDSCs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) is not clear. Understanding the phenotypic and functional characteristics of human CD73+ MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment could help elucidate the roles of these cells in the ontogeny, spread, and treatment of solid cancer. Methods In the present study, we first analyzed the expression percentage of human M-MDSCs and PMN-MDSCs subsets circulating in peripheral blood of patients with head and neck tumors originated in nasopharynx, oropharynx, oropharynx and larynx. To identify the correlation between phenotypic characteristics of MDSCs and clinical stages in HNSCC, we extended the study by analyzing the percentage, CD73 phenotype and immunosuppressive function of MDSCs and the correlation with the clinical parameters. Moreover, we compare the functions of both M-MDSCs and PMN-MDSCs blunts T-cell function in an ectonucleotidase-dependent manner. Results Our study revealed that PMN-MDSCs were significantly increased in HNSCC patients, contributing to MDSC-mediated T cell immune suppression. Our results indicated that PMN-MDSCs comprised the majority of MDSCs participating in anticancer immunosuppression. The increase in PMN-MDSCs was directly correlated with the clinical stages of HNSCC. Levels of CD73 were increased in PMN-MDSCs and were correlated with the clinical stages of HNSCC. The ectonucleotidase inhibitor adenosine 5'-(α,β-methylene)diphosphate (APCP) decreased its suppression towards T cell proliferation. Ectonucleotidase inhibitors are promising candidates for the treatment of HNSCC. Conclusions These studies demonstrate the expansion of PMN-MDSCs correlated with expression of CD73 and increasing clinical stages in HNSCC. These CD73+ PMN-MDSCs contributes to T cell immune suppression activity in HNSCC patients. Using ectonucleotidase inhibitors is a promising rationale for PMN-MDSCs in future clinical development of immunotherapy in human HNSCC cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weihui Zheng
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- NanoDrug Platform, Zhejiang California International NanoSystems Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhao
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kamai T, Kijima T, Tsuzuki T, Nukui A, Abe H, Arai K, Yoshida KI. Increased expression of adenosine 2A receptors in metastatic renal cell carcinoma is associated with poorer response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents and anti-PD-1/Anti-CTLA4 antibodies and shorter survival. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:2009-2021. [PMID: 33416945 PMCID: PMC8195893 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02843-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenosine and its adenosine 2A receptors (A2AR) mediate the immunosuppressive mechanism by which tumors escape immunosurveillance and impede anti-tumor immunity within the tumor microenvironment. However, we do not know whether the adenosine pathway (CD39/CD73/A2AR) plays a role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Therefore, we studied the role of immunosuppression in RCC by assessing the adenosine pathway in patients with RCC treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents or immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) or both. METHODS In 60 patients with metastatic RCC, we examined the expression of CD39, CD73, A2AR, and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemically in surgically resected tumor tissues and studied the clinicopathological characteristics of these patients. Patients were treated by cytoreductive nephrectomy with systemic therapy with anti-VEGF agent or a combination of the ICIs anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) antibody and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibody. RESULTS Increased expression of A2AR in the primary tumors was associated with metastatic profiles. Patients treated with anti-PD-1 antibody in monotherapy, a combination of anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA4 antibodies, or anti-VEGF agents showed better response and longer overall survival if the primary tumor had higher PD-L1 expression and lower A2AR expression. In Cox multivariate regression analysis, higher expression of A2AR was associated with shorter overall survival. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the expression of A2AR and PD-L1 in the primary tumors in RCC might predict the outcomes of treatment with anti-VEGF agents and ICIs and that the A2AR pathway might be a molecular target for immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takao Kamai
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan.
| | - Toshiki Kijima
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Toyonori Tsuzuki
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akinori Nukui
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Abe
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Kyoko Arai
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Yoshida
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
CRISPR/Cas9 mediated deletion of the adenosine A2A receptor enhances CAR T cell efficacy. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3236. [PMID: 34050151 PMCID: PMC8163771 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23331-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is an immunosuppressive factor that limits anti-tumor immunity through the suppression of multiple immune subsets including T cells via activation of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR). Using both murine and human chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, here we show that targeting A2AR with a clinically relevant CRISPR/Cas9 strategy significantly enhances their in vivo efficacy, leading to improved survival of mice. Effects evoked by CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene deletion of A2AR are superior to shRNA mediated knockdown or pharmacological blockade of A2AR. Mechanistically, human A2AR-edited CAR T cells are significantly resistant to adenosine-mediated transcriptional changes, resulting in enhanced production of cytokines including IFNγ and TNF, and increased expression of JAK-STAT signaling pathway associated genes. A2AR deficient CAR T cells are well tolerated and do not induce overt pathologies in mice, supporting the use of CRISPR/Cas9 to target A2AR for the improvement of CAR T cell function in the clinic.
Collapse
|
11
|
Kurnit KC, Draisey A, Kazen RC, Chung C, Phan LH, Harvey JB, Feng J, Xie S, Broaddus RR, Bowser JL. Loss of CD73 shifts transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) from tumor suppressor to promoter in endometrial cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 505:75-86. [PMID: 33609609 PMCID: PMC9812391 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In many tumors, CD73 (NT5E), a rate-limiting enzyme in adenosine biosynthesis, is upregulated by TGF-β and drives tumor progression. Conversely, CD73 is downregulated in endometrial carcinomas (EC) despite a TGF-β-rich environment. Through gene expression analyses of normal endometrium samples of the uterine cancer TCGA data set and genetic and pharmacological studies, we discovered CD73 loss shifts TGF-β1 from tumor suppressor to promoter in EC. TGF-β1 upregulated CD73 and epithelial integrity in vivo in the normal endometrium and in vitro in early stage EC cells. With loss of CD73, TGF-β1-mediated epithelial integrity was abrogated. EC cells developed TGF-β1-mediated stress fibers and macromolecule permeability, migration, and invasion increased. In human tumors, CD73 is downregulated in deeply invasive stage I EC. Consistent with shifting TGF-β1 activity, CD73 loss increased TGF-β1-mediated canonical signaling and upregulated cyclin D1 (CCND1) and downregulated p21 expression. This shift was clinically relevant, as CD73Low/CCND1High expression associated with poor tumor differentiation, increased myometrial and lymphatic/vascular space invasion, and patient death. Further loss of CD73 in CD73Low expressing advanced stage EC cells increased TGF-β-mediated stress fibers, signaling, and invasiveness, whereby adenosine A1 receptor agonist, CPA, dampened TGF-β-mediated invasion. These data identify CD73 loss as essential for shifting TGF-β activity in EC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine C Kurnit
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ashley Draisey
- University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, USA; CPRIT/CURE Summer Research Experience, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rebecca C Kazen
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; CPRIT/CURE Summer Research Experience, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christine Chung
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luan H Phan
- University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Jiping Feng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - SuSu Xie
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Russell R Broaddus
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jessica L Bowser
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lee S, Lee DS, Jang JH. Recombinant laminin α5 LG1-3 domains support the stemness of human mesenchymal stem cells. Exp Ther Med 2020; 21:166. [PMID: 33456533 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix components laminin and elastin serve key roles in stem cell therapy. Elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs), derived from a soluble form of elastin, affect the proliferation and differentiation of various types of cells. In the present study, a novel protein was designed containing globular domains 1-3 of laminin α5 (Lα5LG1-3) fused to ELPs (Lα5LG1-3/ELP). Lα5LG1-3/ELP was expressed in Escherichia coli and displayed a molecular size of ~70 kDa on 12% SDS-polyacrylamide gels. The cellular activities, such as cellular adhesion (adhesion assay) and proliferation (MTT cytotoxicity assay), of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) treated with 1 µg/ml of Lα5LG1-3/ELP were enhanced compared with those of untreated cells. Additionally, the number of undifferentiated hMSCs and their degree of stemness were assessed based on the gene expression levels of the stem cell markers cluster differentiation 90 (CD90), endoglin (CD105) and CD73. The expression levels of these markers were upregulated by 2.42-, 2.29- and 1.92-fold, respectively, in the hMSCs treated with Lα5LG1-3/ELP compared with the levels in untreated controls. Thus, Lα5LG1-3/ELP may be used to enhance the viability of hMSCs and preserve their undifferentiated state, whereby the clinical applications of hMSCs may be improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyeog Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yu Y, Zhao Y, Zhou G, Wang X. Therapeutic Efficacy of Delta-Like Ligand 4 Gene Vaccine Overexpression on Liver Cancer in Mice. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820942205. [PMID: 33191858 PMCID: PMC7672725 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820942205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Delta-like ligand 4 is a notch ligand that is predominantly expressed in the endothelial tip cells and plays essential roles in the regulation of angiogenesis. In this study, we explored the therapeutic effects of delta-like ligand 4 gene vaccine overexpression on the syngeneic model mouse model of liver cancer and the underlying mechanisms. Mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cell line H22-H8D8 was used to generate subcutaneous syngeneic model liver cancer in Kunming mice, and the effects of recombinant plasmid pVAX1 containing delta-like ligand 4 vaccine on tumor growth was examined. Compared to controls, delta-like ligand 4 vaccination reduced syngeneic model tumor size by 70.31% (from 17.11 ± 9.30 cm3 to 5.08 ± 2.75 cm3, P = .035) and tumor weight by 34.19% (from 6.26 ± 3.01 g to 4.12 ± 2.52 g, P = .102), while the mouse survival was significantly increased (from 27.7 ± 6.0 days to 33.1 ± 6.1 days, P = .047). High level of delta-like ligand 4 antibody, together with a significantly increased number of CD4+ and decreased CD8+ cells were identified in the mouse peripheral blood serum samples after delta-like ligand 4 immunization. In addition, elevated serum levels of interleukin 2, interleukin 4, and interferon γ were detected in the delta-like ligand 4-vaccinated mice when compared to the controls. Further studies have revealed increased CD31 and decreased Ki67 expression in the syngeneic model tumor tissues of vaccinated mice. Taken together, our studies suggest that delta-like ligand 4 gene vaccine can inhibit the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma in mice through inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and boosting antitumor immune responses. Hence, delta-like ligand 4 gene vaccination may be a promising strategy for the treatment of transplanted liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors, Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guangming Zhou
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modem Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Xiang Wang, Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jin R, Liu L, Xing Y, Meng T, Ma L, Pei J, Cong Y, Zhang X, Ren Z, Wang X, Shen J, Yu K. Dual Mechanisms of Novel CD73-Targeted Antibody and Antibody–Drug Conjugate in Inhibiting Lung Tumor Growth and Promoting Antitumor Immune-Effector Function. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:2340-2352. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
15
|
Watson GA, Doi J, Hansen AR, Spreafico A. Novel strategies in immune checkpoint inhibitor drug development: How far are we from the paradigm shift? Br J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 86:1753-1768. [PMID: 32394468 PMCID: PMC7444803 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) represents a major milestone in immune-oncology. Over the years these agents have demonstrated efficacy in an increasing array of malignancies. Despite this success however, significant challenges remain. Novel approaches to both drug development and trial design are required to incorporate the unique pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of ICIs. Further, it has also been established that the benefit of ICIs is limited to only a subset of patients. The molecular interactions between native immune cells and tumorigenesis and progression represent an active area of biomarker research, and elucidating the mechanisms of response and resistance is crucial to develop rational trial designs for the next wave of immune-oncology (IO) clinical trials, particularly in patients with primary and/or acquired resistance. Efforts are now being made to integrate both biological and clinical information using novel multi-omic approaches which are now being developed to further elucidate the molecular signatures associated with IO treatment response and resistance and enable rational drug development and trial design processes. As such, precision IO and the ability to deliver patient-specific choices for ICI monotherapies or combination therapies has become an increasingly tangible goal. We herein describe the current landscape in ICI drug development and discuss the challenges and future directions in this exciting and evolving era in immune-oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Alan Watson
- Bras Drug Development Program, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer CenterUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| | - Jeffrey Doi
- Bras Drug Development Program, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer CenterUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| | - Aaron Richard Hansen
- Bras Drug Development Program, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer CenterUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| | - Anna Spreafico
- Bras Drug Development Program, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer CenterUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Suppression of anti-tumor immunity is recognized as a critical step in the development of many types of cancers. Over the past decade, a multitude of immunosuppressive pathways occurring in the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been identified. Amongst them, the hydrolysis of extracellular ATP into adenosine by ecto-nucleotidases has been increasingly documented as new immune checkpoint pathway that can significantly impair anti-tumor immunity of multiple types of cancer. In this review, we summarize past and recent research on the ecto-nucleotidases CD39 and CD73, conducted by our group and others, that recently lead to the development and clinical testing of adenosine targeting agents for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Over the past decade, the treatment landscape for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has evolved dramatically. The therapeutic options available have expanded and now include immune-checkpoint inhibitors, novel targeted agents and combination strategies, and thus optimal patient selection and treatment sequencing are increasingly pertinent for optimizing clinical outcomes. A better understanding of the underlying biology of the tumour and its microenvironment continues to drive the inception of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, many biomarkers robustly associated with treatment and disease-specific outcomes have been identified, and their integration into clinical decision-making for patients with advanced-stage disease will soon become a reality. Herein, we review relevant aspects of the molecular biology of metastatic RCC, with an emphasis on predictive and prognostic biomarkers, and suggest tailored algorithms to individualize and guide treatment approaches for specific subgroups of patients.
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Although kidney cancer (renal cell carcinoma [RCC]) is susceptible to immunotherapy, the immunologic aspects of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in RCC are relatively unique among tumor types. In RCC, baseline CD8 T-cell infiltration is associated with a worse prognosis. In addition, kidney cancer responds to programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 blockade, despite a relatively low tumor mutation burden. Recent clinical data highlight the efficacy of combined immune checkpoint blockade and demonstrate that combining antiangiogenic agents with programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 blockade has additive activity. Yet an important unanswered question in RCC is the nature of the antigens that are targeted by the immune system when immunotherapy is successful. Ongoing clinical studies are interrogating the multiple suppressive mechanisms in the RCC TME, including metabolic pathways such as those mediated by adenosine and tryptophan as well as cytokine-based therapies. Future regimens are likely to be combinatorial and may eventually be based on a broader understanding of the RCC TME and how it is modulated by both conventional and immune-based therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles G Drake
- Charles G. Drake and Mark N. Stein, Columbia University Medical Center; and Charles G. Drake, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Mark N Stein
- Charles G. Drake and Mark N. Stein, Columbia University Medical Center; and Charles G. Drake, Columbia University, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Powles T, Rini B. Novel Agents and Drug Development Needs in Advanced Clear Cell Renal Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2018; 36:JCO2018792655. [PMID: 30372383 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.79.2655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of metastatic clear cell renal cancer is changing rapidly, with the focus switching from vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted therapies to immune checkpoint inhibitors and novel combinations. Specifically, recent data with programmed death ligand inhibitors is revolutionizing the standard approach to metastatic renal cell carcinoma. However, there is speculation around a number of newer potentially therapeutic targets, such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, transforming growth factor-β, interleukin-10, and adenosine. In this article, we review novel treatments, promising combinations, and consideration in both trial design and clinical application of therapeutics that will influence practice in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Powles
- Thomas Powles, Royal Free Hospital, and Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; and Brian Rini, Lerner College of Medicine, and Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Brian Rini
- Thomas Powles, Royal Free Hospital, and Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; and Brian Rini, Lerner College of Medicine, and Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Peng D, Hu Z, Wei X, Ke X, Shen Y, Zeng X. NT5Einhibition suppresses the growth of sunitinib-resistant cells and EMT course and AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway in renal cell cancer. IUBMB Life 2018; 71:113-124. [PMID: 30281919 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Peng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430030 Hubei China
| | - Zhiquan Hu
- Department of Urology; Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430030 Hubei China
| | - Xian Wei
- Department of Urology; Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430030 Hubei China
| | - Xinwen Ke
- Department of Urology; Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430030 Hubei China
| | - Yuanqing Shen
- Department of Urology; Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430030 Hubei China
| | - Xing Zeng
- Department of Urology; Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430030 Hubei China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Allard D, Chrobak P, Allard B, Messaoudi N, Stagg J. Targeting the CD73-adenosine axis in immuno-oncology. Immunol Lett 2018; 205:31-39. [PMID: 29758241 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73 are cell surface enzymes that catabolize the breakdown of extracellular ATP into adenosine. As such, they constitute critical components of the extracellular purinergic pathway and play important roles in maintaining tissue and immune homeostasis. With the coming of age of cancer immunotherapy, ectonucleotidases and adenosine receptors have emerged as novel therapeutic targets to enhance antitumor immune responses. With early-phase clinical trials showing promising results, it is becoming increasingly important to decipher the distinct mechanisms-of-action of adenosine-targeting agents, identify patients that will benefit from these agents and rationally develop novel synergistic combinations. Given the broad expression of ectonucleotidases and adenosine receptors, a better understanding of cell-specific roles will also be key for successful implementation of this new generation of immuno-oncology therapeutics. We here review the latest studies on the roles of CD73 and adenosine in cancer with a focus on cell-specific function. We also discuss ongoing clinical trials and future avenues for adenosine-targeting agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Allard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre, Hospitalier l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pavel Chrobak
- Centre de Recherche du Centre, Hospitalier l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Bertrand Allard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre, Hospitalier l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nouredin Messaoudi
- Centre de Recherche du Centre, Hospitalier l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - John Stagg
- Centre de Recherche du Centre, Hospitalier l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jiang T, Xu X, Qiao M, Li X, Zhao C, Zhou F, Gao G, Wu F, Chen X, Su C, Ren S, Zhai C, Zhou C. Comprehensive evaluation of NT5E/CD73 expression and its prognostic significance in distinct types of cancers. BMC Cancer 2018. [PMID: 29514610 PMCID: PMC5842577 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4073-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CD73 is one of the critical component in the formation of immunosuppressive microenvironment in cancers. We aimed to provide an overview of the current status of CD73 expression and its relationship with clinicopathlogical features and prognosis in different cancers. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and Cochrane library were searched to identify the relevant studies. CD73 expression level in distinct cancers and its relationship with clinicopathlogical characteristics and prognosis were investigated using online database. Meta-analyses were conducted using RevMan v5.0 and STATA v12.0. Results Fourteen publications with 2951 cases were included. The incidence of high CD73 expression was 0.50 (95% CI: 0.36–0.63). Data from Oncomine validated that median CD73 expression level in tumor tissues was markedly higher than that in normal tissues in most kinds of cancers except cecum adenocarcinoma and ovarian cancer (P < 0.05). High CD73 expression was significantly correlated with shorter overall survival (OS) in various cancers (high risk [HR] = 1.48; P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis using online database demonstrated that high CD73 expression was significantly correlated with poor OS in breast (HR = 1.23; P < 0.05) and ovarian cancer (HR = 1.14; P < 0.05), but favorable OS in lung (HR = 0.80; P < 0.05) and gastric cancer (HR = 0.71; P < 0.05). High CD73 expression was dramatically associated with lymph node metastases (OR = 2.61; P = 0.05). Conclusion High CD73 expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastases and a promising prognostic factor in different types of cancers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4073-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507, Zheng Min Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Qiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507, Zheng Min Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefei Li
- Department of Lung Cancer and Immunology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Lung Cancer and Immunology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507, Zheng Min Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507, Zheng Min Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengying Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507, Zheng Min Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507, Zheng Min Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxia Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507, Zheng Min Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengxiang Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507, Zheng Min Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyun Zhai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yancheng TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yancheng, 224001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507, Zheng Min Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Song L, Ye W, Cui Y, Lu J, Zhang Y, Ding N, Hu W, Pei H, Yue Z, Zhou G. Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) is a biomarker for clear cell renal carcinoma stem-like cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:31977-31992. [PMID: 28404888 PMCID: PMC5458263 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of a specific biomarker for cancer stem cells (CSCs) is of potential applications in the development of effective therapeutic strategies for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this study, both the RCC cell line 786-O and surgically removed clear cell RCC (ccRCC) tissues were implemented to grew as spheroids in serum-free medium supplemented with mitogens. This subpopulation possessed key characteristics defining CSCs. We also identified that surgically removed ccRCC tissues were heterogenic and there was a subpopulation of cells that was highly stained with rhodamine-123. Based on membrane-proteomic analyses, CD73 was identified as a candidate biomarker. We further found that CD73high cells were highly tumorigenic. As few as 100 CD73high cells were capable of forming xenograft tumors in non obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency disease mice, whereas 1 × 105 CD73low cells did not initiate tumor formation. During successive culture, the CD73high population regenerated both CD73high and CD73low cells, whereas the CD73low population remained low expression level of CD73. Furthermore, the CD73high cells were more resistant to radiation and DNA-damaging agents than the CD73low cells, and expressed a panel of 'stemness' genes at a higher level than the CD73low cells. These findings suggest that a high level of CD73 expression is a bona fide biomarker of ccRCC stem-like cells. Future research will aim at the elucidation of the underlying mechanisms of CD73 in RCC development and the distinct aspects of ccRCC stem-like cells from other tumor types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Song
- Medical College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China.,Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modem Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenling Ye
- Medical College, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China.,Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modem Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Urology Surgery, Shuyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suqian 223600, China.,Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modem Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jianzhong Lu
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modem Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Nan Ding
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modem Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wentao Hu
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hailong Pei
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhongjin Yue
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Guangming Zhou
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Despite the success of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1), anti-PD1 ligand 1 (PDL1) and anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) therapies in advanced cancer, a considerable proportion of patients remain unresponsive to these treatments (known as innate resistance). In addition, one-third of patients relapse after initial response (known as adaptive resistance), which suggests that multiple non-redundant immunosuppressive mechanisms coexist within the tumour microenvironment. A major immunosuppressive mechanism is the adenosinergic pathway, which now represents an attractive new therapeutic target for cancer therapy. Activation of this pathway occurs within hypoxic tumours, where extracellular adenosine exerts local suppression through tumour-intrinsic and host-mediated mechanisms. Preclinical studies in mice with adenosine receptor antagonists and antibodies have reported favourable antitumour immune responses with some definition of the mechanism of action. Currently, agents targeting the adenosinergic pathway are undergoing first-in-human clinical trials as single agents and in combination with anti-PD1 or anti-PDL1 therapies. In this Review, we describe the complex interplay of adenosine and adenosine receptors in the development of primary tumours and metastases and discuss the merits of targeting one or more components that compose the adenosinergic pathway. We also review the early clinical data relating to therapeutic agents inhibiting the adenosinergic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Vijayan
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, 4006, Queensland, Australia
| | - Arabella Young
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Michele W L Teng
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, 4006, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark J Smyth
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, 4006, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Al-Rashida M, Qazi SU, Batool N, Hameed A, Iqbal J. Ectonucleotidase inhibitors: a patent review (2011-2016). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2017; 27:1291-1304. [PMID: 28870136 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2017.1369958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ectonucleotidases are a broad family of metallo-ectoenzymes that are responsible for hydrolysing a variety of nucleotides to nucleosides, hence orchestrating the activation of P1 and P2 cell receptors via controlled release of nucleotides and nucleosides. Many disorders such as impaired calcification including aortic calcification, neurological and immunological disorders, platelet aggregation, cell proliferation and metastasis. are characterized by an increase in expression of these ectonucleotidases. Consequently, selective inhibitors of ectonucleotidases are required for therapeutic intervention. Area covered: Several classes of compounds such as purine, nucleotide derivatives (e.g., ARL67156) and monoclonal antibodies, have shown promising ectonucleotidase inhibitory potential. This review discusses chemistry and therapeutic applications of ectonucleotidase inhibitors patented from 2011 to 2016. Expert opinion: All eukaryotic cells express nucleotide and nucleoside receptors on their cell surface and are capable of releasing extracellular nucleotides. Ectonucleotidases are a broad family of metallo-ectoenzymes that hydrolyze a variety of nucleotides to nucleosides. These extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides are important cell signalling molecules and mediate a variety of (patho)physiological processes by acting upon their respective P1 and/or P2 receptors. Discovery of molecules that can selectively inhibit or activate ectonucleotidases is crucial from therapeutic point of view, since it allows human intervention into purinergic cell signalling, thereby allowing us to modulate related (patho)physiological processes as desired.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Al-Rashida
- a Department of Chemistry , Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Syeda Uroos Qazi
- b H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences , University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan
| | - Nayab Batool
- c Institute of Chemistry , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Abdul Hameed
- b H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences , University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- d Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology , Abbottabad , Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang R, Zhang Y, Lin X, Gao Y, Zhu Y. Prognositic value of CD73-adenosinergic pathway in solid tumor: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Oncotarget 2017; 8:57327-57336. [PMID: 28915673 PMCID: PMC5593644 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
CD73 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored cell surface protein that is encoded by NT5E gene, plays multiple roles in tumor processes. Previous studies have presented a potential value of CD73 served as a detectable biomarker for prognosis of several solid tumors, but the results were more controversially. A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted to precisely evaluate the prognostic role of CD73 in solid tumors. The included studies were searched in PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO from Jan 1990 to Jan 2016. Pooled hazard ratios (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overall survival (OS), disease free survival (DFS) were carried out using a fixed or random effects model. Totally, 13 studies about 12,533 patients were included. CD73-high expression was correlating with poor OS (pooled HR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.19-1.37). In addition, CD73 expression had borderline association with worse DFS (pooled HR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.01-1.62). Egger's tests indicated that there was no evidence of significant publication bias. CD73 is an efficient prognostic biomarker in solid tumors, and over-expression of CD73 is associated with inverse OS or DFS. But this predictive value and target therapy for clinical practice yet needs advanced research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xia Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yalin Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Beavis PA, Henderson MA, Giuffrida L, Mills JK, Sek K, Cross RS, Davenport AJ, John LB, Mardiana S, Slaney CY, Johnstone RW, Trapani JA, Stagg J, Loi S, Kats L, Gyorki D, Kershaw MH, Darcy PK. Targeting the adenosine 2A receptor enhances chimeric antigen receptor T cell efficacy. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:929-941. [PMID: 28165340 DOI: 10.1172/jci89455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have been highly successful in treating hematological malignancies, including acute and chronic lymphoblastic leukemia. However, treatment of solid tumors using CAR T cells has been largely unsuccessful to date, partly because of tumor-induced immunosuppressive mechanisms, including adenosine production. Previous studies have shown that adenosine generated by tumor cells potently inhibits endogenous antitumor T cell responses through activation of adenosine 2A receptors (A2ARs). Herein, we have observed that CAR activation resulted in increased A2AR expression and suppression of both murine and human CAR T cells. This was reversible using either A2AR antagonists or genetic targeting of A2AR using shRNA. In 2 syngeneic HER2+ self-antigen tumor models, we found that either genetic or pharmacological targeting of the A2AR profoundly increased CAR T cell efficacy, particularly when combined with PD-1 blockade. Mechanistically, this was associated with increased cytokine production of CD8+ CAR T cells and increased activation of both CD8+ and CD4+ CAR T cells. Given the known clinical relevance of the CD73/adenosine pathway in several solid tumor types, and the initiation of phase I trials for A2AR antagonists in oncology, this approach has high translational potential to enhance CAR T cell efficacy in several cancer types.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Female
- Humans
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/genetics
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/immunology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang B, Wang D, Zhu Z, Wang W, Zhang X, Tang F, Zhou Y, Wang H, Liu M, Yao X, Yan X. The role of extracellular-5'-nucleotidase/CD73 in glioma peritumoural brain edema. Neurol Sci 2016; 37:603-11. [PMID: 26884147 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-016-2510-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
During pathological conditions, extracellular-5'-nucleotidase/CD73 can protect neurons by reducing the permeability of the blood brain barrier. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that CD73 can negatively contribute to the growth of gliomas; however, the function of CD73 in glioma blood vessels is not clear. We analysed the expression of CD73 in 72 glioma patients using immunohistochemistry and correspondingly compared the results with the Edema index (EI). We established an in vitro model of the blood-tumour barrier and analysed the expression of CD73 in vascular endothelial cells. Lastly, CD73 expression was inhibited in endothelial cells, and the effects of this inhibition on tight junction structure and transendothelial resistance were observed. Compared to normal brains, the expression of CD73 in blood vessels of glioma patients was significantly decreased, and the amount was lower in the centre of the tumour than the periphery. The proportion of CD73-positive blood vessels had a positive correlation with the EI. The expression of CD73 in the in vitro endothelial cell blood-tumour barrier model was decreased. Lastly, inhibiting CD73 was found to decrease the expression of tight junction related proteins in endothelial cells and to decrease the value of transendothelial electric resistance. The expression of CD73 in glioma blood vessels was significantly decreased, which may play a multi-functional role in decreasing the expression of tight junction related proteins of brain microvascular endothelial cells and may also increase blood-tumour barrier permeability and accelerate the formation of PTBE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin HuanHu Hospital, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease and Neurodegenerative Disease, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University, General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurological Institute, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin, China
| | - ZhiZhong Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tianjin HuanHu Hospital, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin HuanHu Hospital, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease and Neurodegenerative Disease, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China
| | - XueBin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin HuanHu Hospital, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Fan Tang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin HuanHu Hospital, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin HuanHu Hospital, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease and Neurodegenerative Disease, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China
| | - HongGuang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin HuanHu Hospital, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease and Neurodegenerative Disease, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China
| | - MengYuan Liu
- Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin HuanHu Hospital, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease and Neurodegenerative Disease, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China
| | - XiaoLing Yan
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin HuanHu Hospital, 122 QiXiangTai Road, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Allard D, Allard B, Gaudreau PO, Chrobak P, Stagg J. CD73-adenosine: a next-generation target in immuno-oncology. Immunotherapy 2016; 8:145-63. [PMID: 26808918 DOI: 10.2217/imt.15.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has entered in a new era with the development of first-generation immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 pathways. In this context, considerable research effort is being deployed to find the next generation of cancer immunotherapeutics. The CD73-adenosine axis constitutes one of the most promising pathways in immuno-oncology. We and others have demonstrated the immunosuppressive role of CD73-adenosine in cancer and established proof-of-concept that the targeted blockade of CD73 or adenosine receptors could effectively promote anti-tumor immunity and enhance the activity of first-generation immune checkpoint blockers. With Phase I clinical trials now underway evaluating anti-CD73 or anti-A2A therapies in cancer patients, we here discuss the fundamental, preclinical and clinical findings related to the role of the CD73-adenosinergic pathway in tumor immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Allard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Bertrand Allard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre-Olivier Gaudreau
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pavel Chrobak
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - John Stagg
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|