Primary mesenchymal chondrosarcoma with bilateral kidney invasion and calcification in renal pelvis: A case report and review of the literature

Bilateral renal metastases from extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of thigh

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC) is a rare cartilaginous tumour that occurs in the extraskeletal locations in about one-third of cases. It is aggressive in behaviour and may involve the lower extremities, central nervous system or spine. Mesenchymal tumours are known for distant metastasis; however, metastasis to bilateral kidneys after treatment has not been reported earlier. We present a case of a soft-tissue intramuscular MC of the thigh in a 38-year-old patient which had been surgically excised after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The patient presented with bilateral dense calcified renal masses after 6 years, which were cytologically proven as MC metastases. In the evaluation of bilateral calcified renal masses in patients with a history of MC, metastasis should be considered.

Primary Chondrosarcoma in L-shaped Crossed Fused Renal Ectopia Coexisting with Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma in Urinary Bladder - An Enigmatic Entity with Poor Prognosis

Primary renal chondrosarcomas are rare tumors that are high-grade in nature and, unfortunately, have poorly understood pathogenesis and extremely low prognosis. The coexistence of a discrete malignancy in the urinary bladder is even rarer, with the occurrence of distinct papillary urothelial carcinoma in the urinary bladder in this case. The clinical presentation is nonspecific, and the primary radiological investigations have a limited scope in providing specific diagnosis of this entity. The final diagnosis is possible on thorough histopathological examination of the resected specimen, which requires extensive sampling and meticulous reporting. As of now, the only way to achieve a better prognosis is by early diagnosis. It is necessary to keep the possibility of occurrence of sarcomas at rare sites in the differential diagnoses. The cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities associated with this entity need to be elucidated to achieve a more satisfactory outcome concerning the overall management of the patient.

Primary mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the kidney without HEY1-NCOA2 and IRF2BP2-CDX1 fusion: A case report and review

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC) of the kidney is rare. To the best of our knowledge, the current report is the first case of a giant extraskeletal MC that arose primarily from the right kidney and mimicked renal cell carcinoma at the locally advanced stage (cT3bN0) with vena cava thrombus and multiple pulmonary arterial tumor emboli. Additionally, the literature on renal EMC is reviewed and the possibilities of oncogenic heterogeneity are discussed. A 64-year-old woman was admitted to Yamagata University Hospital for sudden onset of asymptomatic gross hematuria. CT revealed a 90 mm renal mass without calcification in the right kidney and tumor thrombus extending to the inferior vena cava. Radical nephrectomy with thrombectomy was performed. Lung metastasis was detected 2 months later. The patient received systemic chemotherapy, which was only marginally effective. She died of the malignancy 8 months after surgery. Microscopic examination of the tumor revealed typical histology of MC and a lack of HEY1-NCOA2 and IRF2BP2-CDX1 gene fusions in the tumor tissues. Not all MC patients may exhibit chromosomal alterations in the tumor, suggesting the presence of genetically heterogeneous pathways of MC oncogenesis. Further studies are required to confirm the present findings and reinforce the molecular diagnosis of MC.

Robot-assisted radical nephrectomy for primary renal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: case report and literature review

As an extremely rare malignant neoplasm, only 12 mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC) arising in kidney have been reported to date. Herein, we reported a case of primary renal MC resected with robot assistance, which has not been reported before. According to the cases reported in English literature, we analyzed the characteristics of this rare malignancy and systematically review its treatment.

Renal Extra Skeletal Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma: A Case Report

Primary mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the Kidney is an extremely rare entity and very few cases have been reported in literature. We report a 22-year-old male with a right renal mass; after radical nephrectomy, pathologic examination revealed primary extra skeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.