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Makk E, Bohonyi N, Oszter A, Éles K, Tornóczky T, Tóth A, Kálmán E, Kovács K. Comparative analysis of EZH2, p16 and p53 expression in uterine carcinosarcomas. Pathol Oncol Res 2023; 29:1611547. [PMID: 38146588 PMCID: PMC10749357 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2023.1611547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The role of p16 and p53 immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of rare and aggressive uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) has been well established. However, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), a histone methyltransferase and a member of the polycomb group family is a relatively new biomarker, with limited published data on its significance in this tumor type. The goal of this study was to examine EZH2 expression in UCS and its components, in correlation with morphological features, and p16 and p53 staining patterns. Methods: Twenty-eight UCSs were included in the study. EZH2, p16 and p53 immunoreactivity were assessed independently by two pathologists in both tumor components (epithelial and mesenchymal). EZH2 and p16 immunostains were scored semiquantitatively: based on the percentage and intensity of tumor cell staining a binary staining index ("high- or low-expressing") was calculated. The p53 staining pattern was evaluated as wild-type or aberrant (diffuse nuclear, null, or cytoplasmic expression). Statistical tests were used to evaluate the correlation between staining patterns for all three markers and the different tumor components and histotypes. Results: High EZH2 and p16 expression and aberrant p53 patterns were present in 89.3% 78.6% and 85.7% of the epithelial component and in 78.6%, 62.5% and 82.1% of the mesenchymal component, respectively. Differences among these expression rates were not found to be significant (p > 0.05). Regarding the epithelial component, aberrant p53 pattern was found to be significantly (p = 0.0474) more frequent in the serous (100%) than in endometrioid (66.6%) histotypes. Within the mesenchymal component, p53 null expression pattern occurred significantly (p = 0.0257) more frequently in heterologous sarcoma components (71.4%) compared to the homologous histotype (18.8%). Conclusion: In conclusion, EZH2, p16 and p53 seem to play a universal role in the pathogenesis of UCS; however, a distinctive pattern of p53 expression appears to exist between the serous and endometrioid carcinoma components and also between the homologous and heterologous sarcoma components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelin Makk
- Department of Pathology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Noémi Bohonyi
- Department of Obstretrics and Gynaecology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Angéla Oszter
- Department of Pathology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Klára Éles
- Department of Pathology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tornóczky
- Department of Pathology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Arnold Tóth
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Endre Kálmán
- Department of Pathology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Kovács
- Department of Pathology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
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Priya A, Chaurasia JK, K P, Panwar H, Yadav SK, Kapoor N. Evaluation of Immunohistochemical Expression of Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) and Its Association With Clinicopathological Variables in Carcinoma Cervix. Cureus 2023; 15:e36946. [PMID: 37131568 PMCID: PMC10148987 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Carcinoma cervix is the fourth most common cancer worldwide and is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women. Recently, immunohistochemical expression of biomarkers has been utilized as indicators of disease progression, aggressiveness for predicting the prognosis in various cancers. DNA methylation of genes plays an important role in pathogenesis of carcinoma cervix and detection of aberrant methylation can be utilized for detection of carcinoma cervix and monitoring of its progression. Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) is a histone methyltransferase and catalyzes methylation of histone H3 and plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. The aim of this study was to analyze the pattern, distribution, and grade of immunohistochemical expression of EZH2 in carcinoma cervix and study its association with clinico-pathological variables such as age, site and size of tumor, type of growth, tumor grade, histological subtype, lymph node metastasis, and stage of the tumor according to the Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO). MATERIALS AND METHODS This observational study was carried out in the Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, at our institute. A total of 60 consecutive histopathologically confirmed cases of carcinoma cervix from January 2018 to June 2022 were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) for EZH2. The immunohistochemical score for each case was obtained by multiplying the intensity and percentage of positive cells for EZH2. An immunohistochemical score of four or greater than four was considered as high immunoexpression. The immunohistochemical results were correlated with clinico-pathological variables. RESULTS The data were analyzed using relevant statistical methods using SPSS version 23 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). To find the significant difference (p value) and association, chi-square test along with Pearson chi-square were used, wherever necessary. A p value of <0.05 was considered as significant. High immunoexpreesion of EZH2 exhibited a significant association (p < 0.05) with the tumor grade, histologic subtype, lymphnode metastasis, and FIGO stage. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study affirm that a significant association exists between immunohistochemical expression of EZH2 with tumor grade, histological subtype, lymphnode metastasis, and FIGO stage which can be utilized in future studies with larger sample size to further strengthen the association of EZH2 immunoexpression in cancer cervix patients that may aid in the development of the targeted therapy in near future.
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Differential Expression of EZH2 and H3K27me3 in Oral Verrucous Carcinoma and Oral Verrucous Hyperplasia. Head Neck Pathol 2020; 15:408-415. [PMID: 32720035 PMCID: PMC8134610 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-020-01209-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), a component of the polycomb repressive complex 2 that catalyzes trimethylation of H3K27 (H3K27me3), has been shown to promote tumor development and progression. Expression of EZH2 is associated with cell cycle regulation and cell proliferation in various neoplasms. Oral verrucous hyperplasia (OVH) and Oral verrucous carcinoma (OVC) are rare entities and share several clinical and histopathologic features. Problems distinguishing these lesions are added by a lack of adjacent normal tissue of the biopsy samples and poorly oriented tissue sections. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of EZH2 and H3K27me3 in OVH and OVC and comparing the expression with normal oral mucosa and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Seventy-eight samples, including 25 cases of OVC, 8 cases of OVH, 35 cases of OSCC and 10 cases of normal oral mucosa, were retrieved and submitted for immunohistochemical staining. The results demonstrated that the mean labeling indices (LIs) of EZH2 and H3K27me3 expression were highest in OSCC, followed by the OVC, OVH, and normal mucosa. Statistical differences in EZH2 LI were observed among these lesions whereas H3K27me3 LI was significantly different among OSCC, OVH and normal mucosa. EZH2 LI was found to have a sensitivity of 72.00% and specificity of 87.50% in distinguishing OVH from OVC, and a sensitivity of 57.14% and specificity of 84.00% in distinguishing OVC from OSCC. A positive correlation between EZH2 and H3K27me3 expression was significantly found in OVC but not in OVH and OSCC. These findings highlight the involvement of epigenetic regulation by EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 in the pathogenesis of OVH and OVC, and EZH2 expression indicates disease progression of these verrucous lesions. Diagnostic test analysis further suggests that EZH2 may be used as an additional test for differentiating OVH from OVC in questionable cases.
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Jia M, Ren L, Hu L, Ma H, Jin G, Li D, Li N, Hu Z, Hang D. Association of long non-coding RNA HOTAIR and MALAT1 variants with cervical cancer risk in Han Chinese women. J Biomed Res 2019; 33:308. [PMCID: PMC6813535 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.33.20180096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR and MALAT1 are implicated in the development of multiple cancers. Genetic variants within HOTAIR and MALAT1 may affect the gene expression, thereby modifying genetic susceptibility to cervical cancer. A case-control study was designed, including 1 486 cervical cancer patients and 1 536 healthy controls. Based on RegulomeDB database, 11 SNPs were selected and genotyped by using Sequenom's Mass ARRAY. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). We found that the A allele of rs35643724 in HOTAIR was associated with increased risk of cervical cancer, while the C allele of rs1787666 in MALAT1 was associated with decreased risk. Compared to individuals with 0–1 unfavorable allele, those with 3–4 unfavorable alleles showed 18% increased odds of having cervical cancer. Our findings suggest that HOTAIR rs35643724 and MALAT1 rs1787666 might represent potential biomarkers for cervical cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqun Jia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University (Nantong Tumor Hospital), Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, China
| | - Lulu Ren
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Lingmin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Reproduction, the Affiliated Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Dake Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, China
| | - Ni Li
- Program Office for Cancer Screening in Urban China, National Cancer Centre/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Dong Hang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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Makk E, Bálint L, Cifra J, Tornóczky T, Oszter A, Tóth A, Kálmán E, Kovács K. Robust expression of EZH2 in endocervical neoplastic lesions. Virchows Arch 2019; 475:95-104. [PMID: 30903272 PMCID: PMC6611890 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-019-02550-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the nuclear expression of histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in endocervical neoplastic lesions such as invasive endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECA) and cervical in situ adenocarcinoma (AIS) in comparison with normal endocervix and non-neoplastic counterparts. A total of 54 consecutive neoplastic cases (37 ECA, 17 AIS) and 32 non-neoplastic endocervical lesions (15 reactive atypia, 9 microglandular hyperplasia, 3 tuboendometrioid metaplasia, 3 tunnel cluster, 2 endometriosis) were included in the study with adjacent normal endocervix if present. EZH2 immunoreactivity was evaluated semiquantitatively by three independent experts in lesions and adjacent normal glandular epithelium as well. EZH2 expression was defined robust if at least two of the three experts rated partial or diffuse positivity. Robust EZH2 expression was statistically compared among the neoplastic, non-neoplastic, and normal glandular epithelium samples. Diagnostic test capability of robust EZH2 expression was calculated. Fifty-three out of the 54 neoplastic cases (98%) showed robust EZH2 expression. Robust EZH2 expression was significantly less often (4 out of 32 cases, 12.5%) found in the non-neoplastic endocervical lesions (p < 0.0001) and never (0 out of 66 samples) in the adjacent normal glandular epithelium. Robust EZH2 overexpression had a sensitivity and specificity of over 95% in detecting neoplastic lesions versus non-neoplastic lesions or normal glandular epithelium. EZH2 may play a role in the pathogenesis of endocervical neoplasia, and the detection of robust expression of EZH2 might be a useful differential diagnostic tool in problematic endocervical lesions in histology and cytology as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelin Makk
- Department of Pathology, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, 7624, Hungary.
| | - Levente Bálint
- Department of Pathology, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - János Cifra
- Department of Pathology, County Hospital Tolna, János Balassa Hospital, Béri Balogh Ádám u. 5-7, Szekszárd, 7100, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tornóczky
- Department of Pathology, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Angéla Oszter
- Department of Pathology, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Arnold Tóth
- Department of Radiology, University of Pécs Medical School, Ifjúság út 13, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Endre Kálmán
- Department of Pathology, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Kovács
- Department of Pathology, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
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Christofides A, Karantanos T, Bardhan K, Boussiotis VA. Epigenetic regulation of cancer biology and anti-tumor immunity by EZH2. Oncotarget 2018; 7:85624-85640. [PMID: 27793053 PMCID: PMC5356764 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycomb group proteins regulate chromatin structure and have an important regulatory role on gene expression in various cell types. Two polycomb group complexes (Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and 2 (PRC2)) have been identified in mammalian cells. Both PRC1 and PRC2 compact chromatin, and also catalyze histone modifications. PRC1 mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A, whereas PRC2 catalyzes methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27. These alterations of histones can lead to altered gene expression patterns by regulating chromatin structure. Numerous studies have highlighted the role of the PRC2 catalytic component enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in neoplastic development and progression, and EZH2 mutations have been identified in various malignancies. Through modulating the expression of critical genes, EZH2 is actively involved in fundamental cellular processes such as cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In addition to cancer cells, EZH2 also has a decisive role in the differentiation and function of T effector and T regulatory cells. In this review we summarize the recent progress regarding the role of EZH2 in human malignancies, highlight the molecular mechanisms by which EZH2 aberrations promote the pathogenesis of cancer, and discuss the anti-tumor effects of EZH2 targeting via activating direct anti-cancer mechanisms and anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthos Christofides
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theodoros Karantanos
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,General Internal Medicine Section, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kankana Bardhan
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vassiliki A Boussiotis
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Chen Q, Zheng PS, Yang WT. EZH2-mediated repression of GSK-3β and TP53 promotes Wnt/β-catenin signaling-dependent cell expansion in cervical carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 7:36115-36129. [PMID: 27092879 PMCID: PMC5094987 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), a catalytic core component of the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), stimulates the silencing of target genes through histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3). Recent findings have indicated EZH2 is involved in the development and progression of various human cancers. However, the exact mechanism of EZH2 in the promotion of cervical cancer is largely unknown. Here, we show that EZH2 expression gradually increases during the progression of cervical cancer. We identified a significant positive correlation between EZH2 expression and cell proliferation in vitro and tumor formation in vivo by the up-regulation or down-regulation of EZH2 using CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing technology and shRNA in HeLa and SiHa cells. Further investigation indicated that EZH2 protein significantly accelerated the cell cycle transition from the G0/G1 to S phase. TOP/FOP-Flash reporter assay revealed that EZH2 significantly activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling and the target genes of Wnt/β-catenin pathway were up-regulated, including β-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-myc. Moreover, dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays confirmed that EZH2 inhibited the expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and TP53 through physically interacting with motifs in the promoters of the GSK-3β and TP53 genes. Additionally, blockage of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway resulted in significant inhibition of cell proliferation, and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway resulted in significant enhancement of cell proliferation, as induced by EZH2. Taken together, our data demonstrate that EZH2 promotes cell proliferation and tumor formation in cervical cancer through activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by epigenetic silencing via GSK-3β and TP53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of The Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, The People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Sheng Zheng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of The Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, The People's Republic of China.,Section of Cancer Stem Cell Research, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of The People's Republic of China, Xi'an, The People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Ting Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of The Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, The People's Republic of China
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Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 in Genomic Instability and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081657. [PMID: 28758948 PMCID: PMC5578047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycomb repressor complexes PRC1 and PRC2 regulate chromatin compaction and gene expression, and are widely recognized for their fundamental contributions to developmental processes. Herein, we summarize the existing evidence and molecular mechanisms linking PRC-mediated epigenetic aberrations to genomic instability and malignancy, with a particular focus on the role of deregulated PRC2 in tumor suppressor gene expression, the DNA damage response, and the fidelity of DNA replication. We also discuss some of the recent advances in the development of pharmacological and dietary interventions affecting PRC2, which point to promising applications for the prevention and management of human malignancies.
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Tafazzin (TAZ) promotes the tumorigenicity of cervical cancer cells and inhibits apoptosis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177171. [PMID: 28489874 PMCID: PMC5425199 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tafazzin (TAZ) is often aberrantly expressed in some cancers, including rectal cancer and thyroid neoplasms. However, the function of TAZ in cervical cancer cells remains unknown. This study aims to explore the expression and function of TAZ in cervical cancer cells. Here, we determined the expression of TAZ protein in normal cervical tissue (NC, n = 27), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL, n = 26) and squamous cervical carcinoma (SCC, n = 41) by immunohistochemistry, the expression of TAZ protein gradually increased from NC to HSIL to SCC. TAZ was overexpressed or down-regulated in cervical cancer cells by stably transfecting a TAZ-expressing plasmid or a shRNA plasmid targeting TAZ. In vitro, the cell growth curves and MTT assays showed that TAZ may promote the growth and viability of cervical cancer cells. In vivo, xenografts experiment showed that TAZ may increase tumor-forming ability. The percentage of apoptosis cells analyzed by FACS and TUNEL assays consistently showed that TAZ inhibits apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. Furthermore, the Cleaved Caspase 9 and Cleaved Caspase 3 were down-regulated by TAZ in cervical cancer cells. Taken together, this study demonstrated that TAZ is overexpressed in cervical cancer and may promote tumorigenicity of cervical cancer cells and inhibit apoptosis.
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Sun Y, Jin L, Liu JH, Sui YX, Han LL, Shen XL. Interfering EZH2 Expression Reverses the Cisplatin Resistance in Human Ovarian Cancer by Inhibiting Autophagy. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2017; 31:246-52. [PMID: 27610467 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2016.2034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine the effects of the inhibition of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) gene expression on the cisplatin resistance of the human ovarian cancer cell line, SKOV3/DDP, and to identify the underlying mechanisms. SKOV3/DDP cells were stably transfected with pSUPER-EZH2 (EZH2 RNA interference plasmid) or pcDNA3.1-EZH2 (EZH2 gene overexpression plasmid) using the lipofection method. Real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting confirmed that EZH2 expression was downregulated in pSUPER-EZH2-transfected cells. Flow cytometry revealed that EZH2 inhibition did not induce apoptosis, but significantly inhibited autophagy. In addition, it significantly increased the expression of the cellular senescence-signaling proteins p14(ARF), p16(INK4a), p53, pRb, and p21, and significantly decreased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)1, CDK2, and H3K27me3. Cellular senescence was characterized by a significant increase in the G0/G1 ratio and the restoration of sensitivity to cisplatin in the drug-resistant cells. These findings suggest that interfering with EZH2 expression can inhibit SKOV3/DDP cell autophagy and reverse resistance to cisplatin. The underlying mechanisms could be associated with the regulation of the cellular senescence-signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- 1 Department of Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou, China
| | - Long Jin
- 2 Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou, China
| | - Jia-Hua Liu
- 1 Department of Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu-Xia Sui
- 3 Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou, China
| | - Li-Li Han
- 4 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Li Shen
- 4 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou, China
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