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Heidari Horestani M, Atri Roozbahani G, Baniahmad A. The clock gene BHLHE40 and atypical CCNG2 control androgen-induced cellular senescence as a novel tumor suppressive pathway in prostate cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:174. [PMID: 38902772 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03097-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The androgen receptor (AR) is a drug target used to inhibit AR and prostate cancer (PCa) growth. Surprisingly, treatment with supraphysiological androgen level (SAL), used in bipolar androgen therapy, inhibits growth of PCa suggesting a tumor-suppressive activity by SAL. SAL was shown to induce cellular senescence in PCa. METHODS RNA-seq and transcriptome analysis, ChIP-seq, human 3D PCa spheroids, mouse xenografted castration-resistant PCa, knockdown and overexpression, Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), translocation analysis, immune detection, qRT-PCR, protein-protein interaction modelling. RESULTS Here, mice xenografts with castration-resistant PCa tumors show that SAL inhibits cancer growth in vivo suggesting that SAL activates a tumor-suppressive mechanism. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq revealed the clock gene BHLHE40 is a novel direct AR target. Compared to adjacent human prostate tissues, the expression of BHLHE40 is reduced in PCa tumors and associated with reduced survival. Knockdown suggests that BHLHE40 mediates SAL-induced cellular senescence including tumor spheroids. Interestingly, a large overlap of differentially expressed gene sets was identified between BHLHE40 and SAL leading to the identification of four classes of SAL-BHLHE40 transcriptome landscapes. Co-IP and modelling suggest binding of BHLHE40 to AR and their co-translocation into nucleus by SAL treatment. Further, RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analysis indicate that the atypical tumor suppressive cyclin G2 emerged as a novel downstream target of BHLHE40 and a mediator of SAL-induced cellular senescence. CONCLUSIONS The data provide evidence of the tumor suppressive activity of SAL and a novel signaling by the AR-BHLHE40-CCNG2 axis for androgen-induced cellular senescence, linking circadian rhythm factor to androgen signaling as a novel tumor suppressive pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Golnaz Atri Roozbahani
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07740, Jena, Germany
| | - Aria Baniahmad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07740, Jena, Germany.
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2
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He B, Stoffel L, He CJ, Cho K, Li AM, Jiang H, Flowers BM, Nguyen KT, Wang KW, Zhao AY, Zhou MN, Ferreira S, Attardi LD, Ye J. Epigenetic priming targets tumor heterogeneity to shift transcriptomic phenotype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma towards a Vitamin D susceptible state. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:89. [PMID: 38272889 PMCID: PMC10810848 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06460-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
As a highly heterogeneous tumor, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) exhibits non-uniform responses to therapies across subtypes. Overcoming therapeutic resistance stemming from this heterogeneity remains a significant challenge. Here, we report that Vitamin D-resistant PDAC cells hijacked Vitamin D signaling to promote tumor progression, whereas epigenetic priming with glyceryl triacetate (GTA) and 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza) overcame Vitamin D resistance and shifted the transcriptomic phenotype of PDAC toward a Vitamin D-susceptible state. Increasing overall H3K27 acetylation with GTA and reducing overall DNA methylation with 5-Aza not only elevated the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression but also reprogrammed the Vitamin D-responsive genes. Consequently, Vitamin D inhibited cell viability and migration in the epigenetically primed PDAC cells by activating genes involved in apoptosis as well as genes involved in negative regulation of cell proliferation and migration, while the opposite effect of Vitamin D was observed in unprimed cells. Studies in genetically engineered mouse PDAC cells further validated the effects of epigenetic priming for enhancing the anti-tumor activity of Vitamin D. Using gain- and loss-of-function experiments, we further demonstrated that VDR expression was necessary but not sufficient for activating the favorable transcriptomic phenotype in respond to Vitamin D treatment in PDAC, highlighting that both the VDR and Vitamin D-responsive genes were prerequisites for Vitamin D response. These data reveal a previously undefined mechanism in which epigenetic state orchestrates the expression of both VDR and Vitamin D-responsive genes and determines the therapeutic response to Vitamin D in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lauren Stoffel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Clifford Jiajun He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kumsun Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Albert M Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Haowen Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Brittany M Flowers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kha The Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kelly Wen Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Audrey Yixin Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Meng-Ning Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Sofia Ferreira
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Laura D Attardi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jiangbin Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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3
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Zhou H, Yang L, Lin X, Chan TF, Lee NPY, Tse WKF, Zhang X, Li R, Lai KP. Integrated network findings reveal ubiquitin-specific protease 44 overexpression suppresses tumorigenicity of liver cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:204733. [PMID: 37204480 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer and third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. HCC is a multistep disease marked by various signaling alterations. A better understanding of the new molecular drivers of HCC could therefore provide an opportunity to develop effective diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Ubiquitin-specific protease 44 (USP44), a member of the cysteine protease family, has been reported to play a role in many cancer types. However, its contribution to HCC development remains unknown. In the present study, we observed suppression of USP44 expression in HCC tissue. Clinicopathologic analysis further showed that low USP44 expression correlated with poorer survival and a later tumor stage in HCC, suggesting that USP44 could be a predictor of poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Gain-of-function analysis in vitro demonstrated the importance of USP44 in HCC cell growth and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. To investigate the downstream targets of USP44 and the molecular mechanisms underlying its regulation of cell proliferation in HCC, we conducted a comparative transcriptomic analysis and identified a cluster of proliferation-related genes, including CCND2, CCNG2, and SMC3. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis further delineated the gene networks controlled by USP44 through the regulation of membrane proteins and receptors, enzymes, transcriptional factors, and cyclins involved in the control of cell proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis in HCC. To summarize, our results highlight, for the first time, the tumor-suppression role of USP44 in HCC and suggest a new prognostic biomarker in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Lu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ting Fung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nikki Pui-Yue Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William Ka Fai Tse
- Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, PR China
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, PR China
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Keng Po Lai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, PR China
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, PR China
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4
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Rodriguez-Martinez A, Vuorinen EM, Shcherban A, Uusi-Mäkelä J, Rajala NKM, Nykter M, Kallioniemi A. Novel ZNF414 activity characterized by integrative analysis of ChIP-exo, ATAC-seq and RNA-seq data. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2022; 1865:194811. [PMID: 35318951 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2022.194811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor binding to DNA is a central mechanism regulating gene expression. Thus, thorough characterization of this process is essential for understanding cellular biology in both health and disease. We combined data from three sequencing-based methods to unravel the DNA binding function of the novel ZNF414 protein in cells representing two tumor types. ChIP-exo served to map protein binding sites, ATAC-seq allowed identification of open chromatin, and RNA-seq examined the transcriptome. We show that ZNF414 is a DNA-binding protein that both induces and represses gene expression. This transcriptional response has an impact on cellular processes related to proliferation and other malignancy-associated functions, such as cell migration and DNA repair. Approximately 20% of the differentially expressed genes harbored ZNF414 binding sites in their promoters in accessible chromatin, likely representing direct targets of ZNF414. De novo motif discovery revealed several putative ZNF414 binding sequences, one of which was validated using EMSA. In conclusion, this study illustrates a highly efficient integrative approach for the characterization of the DNA binding and transcriptional activity of transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Rodriguez-Martinez
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Elisa M Vuorinen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anastasia Shcherban
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joonas Uusi-Mäkelä
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina K M Rajala
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anne Kallioniemi
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
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Zhao H, Yi B, Liang Z, Phillips C, Lin HY, Riker AI, Xi Y. Cyclin G2, a novel target of sulindac to inhibit cell cycle progression in colorectal cancer. Genes Dis 2021; 8:320-330. [PMID: 33997179 PMCID: PMC8093647 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulindac has shown significant clinical benefit in preventing colorectal cancer progression, but its mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. We have found that sulindac sulfide (SS) is able to inhibit cell cycle progression in human colorectal cancer cells, particularly through G1 arrest. To understand the underlying mechanisms of sulindac inhibitory activity, we have demonstrated that Cyclin G2 up-regulation upon SS treatment can substantially delay cell cycle progression by enhancing the transcriptional activity of FOXO3a in human colorectal tumor cells. MiR-182, an oncogenic microRNA known to inhibit FOXO3a gene expression, is also involved in the suppressive effect of SS on cell cycle progression. This process begins with the down-regulation of miR-182, followed by the enhancement of FOXO3a transcriptional activity and the up-regulation of Cyclin G2. To further determine the clinical utility of this axis, we analyzed the expression of miR-182/FOXO3a/Cyclin G2 in human colorectal tumor samples. Our results show not only that there are significant differences in miR-182/FOXO3a/Cyclin G2 between tumors and normal tissues, but also that the synergetic effect of miR-182 and FOXO3a is associated with predicting tumor progression. Our study demonstrates a novel mechanistic axis consisting of miR-182/FOXO3a/Cyclin G2 that mediates sulindac inhibition of cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyou Zhao
- Department of Genetics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, 70112, USA
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Genetics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, 70112, USA
| | - Zhipin Liang
- Department of Genetics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, 70112, USA
| | - Ches’Nique Phillips
- Department of Genetics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, 70112, USA
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, 70112, USA
| | - Adam I. Riker
- Geaton and JoAnn DeCesaris Cancer Institute, Anne Arundel Medical Center, Luminis Health, Annapolis, MD, 21401, USA
| | - Yaguang Xi
- Department of Genetics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, 70112, USA
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6
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Wang D, Gao J, Zhao C, Li S, Zhang D, Hou X, Zhuang X, Liu Q, Luo Y. Cyclin G2 Inhibits Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Growth and Metastasis by Binding to IGFBP3 and Regulating the FAK-SRC-STAT Signaling Pathway. Front Oncol 2020; 10:560572. [PMID: 33240810 PMCID: PMC7677509 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.560572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell cycle protein cyclin G2 is considered a tumor suppressor. However, its regulatory effects and potential mechanisms in oral cancers are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cyclin G2 on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The data from 80 patients with OSCC were utilized to predict the abnormal expression of cyclin G2. The proliferation and metastasis were determined by a cell counting Kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, a wound-healing assay, and a cell invasion assay. The expression of key proteins and genes associated with the cyclin G2 signaling pathways was determined by western blotting and real-time PCR, respectively. The orthotopic nude mice model was established by a mouth injection of SCC9 cells overexpressing cyclin G2. We showed that the low level of cyclin G2 in OSCC, which is negatively correlated with clinical staging, was a negative prognostic factor for the disease. We also found that cyclin G2 inhibited the proliferation, metastasis, and blocked the cell cycle at G1/S of OSCC cells, suggesting that cyclin G2 has an inhibitory effect in OSCC. Mechanistically, cyclin G2 inhibited the growth and metastasis of OSCC by binding to insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) and regulating the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) -SRC-STAT signal transduction pathway. Cyclin G2 competed with integrin to bind to IGFBP3; the binding between integrin and IGFBP3 was reduced after cyclin G2 overexpression, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of FAK and SRC. These results showed that cyclin G2 inhibited the progression of OSCC by interacting with IGFBP3 and that it may be a new target for OSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danning Wang
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinlan Gao
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Sen Li
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Zhang
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hou
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinbin Zhuang
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Liu
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Luo
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Sun M, Liu S, Gao J, Meng T, Xing X, Chen C, Chen H, Luo Y. Cyclin G2 Is Involved in the Proliferation of Placental Trophoblast Cells and Their Interactions with Endothelial Cells. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e926414. [PMID: 32941407 PMCID: PMC7521070 DOI: 10.12659/msm.926414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Remodeling of maternal spiral arteries after embryo implantation relies on well-regulated trophoblast functions. Although cyclin G2 (CCNG2) is thought to be involved in placental development and function, its role in trophoblasts and the mechanisms underlying placental development and function remain unclear. The present study investigated the potential role of CCNG2 in trophoblast cell proliferation and their interactions with endothelial cells. Material/Methods CCNG2 levels were modified by stable infection of HTR8/SVneo cells with lentiviruses overexpressing and silencing CCNG2. Cell proliferation was measured using CCK-8 assays. Network formation assays were performed using trophoblasts alone and co-cultured trophoblasts and endothelial cells to measure angiogenesis of trophoblasts and trophoblast-endothelial interactions. Levels of angiogenic factors (VEGF and sFlt-1) in the supernatant were measured by ELISA, and the expression of cell cycle regulatory (cyclin D1) and invasive (MMP2, MMP3, MMP9) markers implicated in artery remodeling were measured by western blotting. Results Ectopic expression of CCNG2 blocked the proliferation of HTR8/SVneo cells, as well as their abilities to form networks and integrate into human umbilical vein endothelial cells, whereas CCNG2 inhibition had the opposite effects. CCNG2 upregulation significantly reduced the expression of VEGF, cyclin D1, MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9, but enhanced the expression of sFlt-1. In contrast, CCNG2 downregulation had the opposite effects. Conclusions CCNG2 plays a critical role in trophoblast proliferation and trophoblast-endothelial cell interactions by significant affecting cell cycle, angiogenic, and invasive markers. CCNG2 may thus be a novel marker for the treatment of placental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manni Sun
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Shenghuan Liu
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Jinlan Gao
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Tao Meng
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Xuesha Xing
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Chen Chen
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Haiying Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Yang Luo
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
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Takeda Y, Kobayashi S, Kitakaze M, Yamada D, Akita H, Asai A, Konno M, Arai T, Kitagawa T, Ofusa K, Yabumoto M, Hirotsu T, Vecchione A, Taniguchi M, Doki Y, Eguchi H, Ishii H. Immuno-Surgical Management of Pancreatic Cancer with Analysis of Cancer Exosomes. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071645. [PMID: 32659892 PMCID: PMC7408222 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes (EXs), a type of extracellular vesicles secreted from various cells and especially cancer cells, mesenchymal cells, macrophages and other cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), are involved in biologically malignant behaviors of cancers. Recent studies have revealed that EXs contain microRNAs on their inside and express proteins and glycolipids on their outsides, every component of which plays a role in the transmission of genetic and/or epigenetic information in cell-to-cell communications. It is also known that miRNAs are involved in the signal transduction. Thus, EXs may be useful for monitoring the TME of tumor tissues and the invasion and metastasis, processes that are associated with patient survival. Because several solid tumors secrete immune checkpoint proteins, including programmed cell death-ligand 1, the EX-mediated mechanisms are suggested to be potent targets for monitoring patients. Therefore, a companion therapeutic approach against cancer metastasis to distant organs is proposed when surgical removal of the primary tumor is performed. However, EXs and immune checkpoint mechanisms in pancreatic cancer are not fully understood, we provide an update on the recent advances in this field and evidence that EXs will be useful for maximizing patient benefit in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Takeda
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research (CoMIT), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (T.K.); (K.O.); (M.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (S.K.); (D.Y.); (H.A.)
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (S.K.); (D.Y.); (H.A.)
| | - Masatoshi Kitakaze
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research (CoMIT), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (T.K.); (K.O.); (M.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (S.K.); (D.Y.); (H.A.)
| | - Daisaku Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (S.K.); (D.Y.); (H.A.)
| | - Hirofumi Akita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (S.K.); (D.Y.); (H.A.)
| | - Ayumu Asai
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research (CoMIT), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (T.K.); (K.O.); (M.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan;
| | - Masamitsu Konno
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research (CoMIT), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (T.K.); (K.O.); (M.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (S.K.); (D.Y.); (H.A.)
| | - Takahiro Arai
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research (CoMIT), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (T.K.); (K.O.); (M.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
- Unitech Co., Ltd., Kashiwa 277-0005, Japan
| | - Toru Kitagawa
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research (CoMIT), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (T.K.); (K.O.); (M.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (S.K.); (D.Y.); (H.A.)
- Kyowa-kai Medical Corporation, Osaka 540-0008, Japan
| | - Ken Ofusa
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research (CoMIT), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (T.K.); (K.O.); (M.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
- Prophoenix Division, Food and Life-Science Laboratory, Idea Consultants, Inc., Osaka-city, Osaka 559-8519, Japan
| | - Masami Yabumoto
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research (CoMIT), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (T.K.); (K.O.); (M.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (S.K.); (D.Y.); (H.A.)
- Kinshu-kai Medical Corporation, Osaka 558-0041, Japan
| | - Takaaki Hirotsu
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research (CoMIT), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (T.K.); (K.O.); (M.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
- Hirotsu Bio Science Inc., Tokyo 107-0062, Japan
| | - Andrea Vecchione
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Santo Andrea Hospital, via di Grottarossa, 1035-00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Masateru Taniguchi
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan;
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research (CoMIT), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (T.K.); (K.O.); (M.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (S.K.); (D.Y.); (H.A.)
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research (CoMIT), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (T.K.); (K.O.); (M.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (S.K.); (D.Y.); (H.A.)
| | - Hideshi Ishii
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research (CoMIT), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (T.K.); (K.O.); (M.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (S.K.); (D.Y.); (H.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-(0)6-6210-8406 (ext. 8405); Fax: +81-(0)6-6210-8407
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9
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Zhao C, Gao J, Li S, Liu Q, Hou X, Xing X, Wang D, Sun M, Wang S, Luo Y. Cyclin G2 regulates canonical Wnt signalling via interaction with Dapper1 to attenuate tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:2749-2760. [PMID: 31978940 PMCID: PMC7077553 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin G2 (CCNG2) is an atypical cyclin that inhibits cell cycle progression and is often dysregulated in human cancers. Cyclin G2 in the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy (DN), one of the most severe diabetic complications, has not been fully identified. In this study, we investigated the function and regulatory mechanism of cyclin G2 in DN. In vivo studies revealed that a deficiency of cyclin G2 significantly increased albuminuria and promoted tubulointerstitial fibrosis in established DN. Cyclin G2 regulated the expression of fibrosis‐related proteins via the canonical Wnt signalling pathway in renal tubular epithelial cells. Moreover, the binding of cyclin G2 to Dapper1 (Dpr1/DACT1), a protein involved in Wnt signalling, decreased the phosphorylation of Dpr1 at Ser762 by casein kinase 1 (CK1) and suppressed the Wnt signalling pathway. These findings reveal that cyclin G2 can protect against renal injury and fibrosis associated with DN and, thus, is a new target for the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhao
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinlan Gao
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Sen Li
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Liu
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hou
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuesha Xing
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Danning Wang
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Manni Sun
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shusen Wang
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Luo
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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10
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Zheng C, Xiao Y, Li Y, He D. Knockdown of long non-coding RNA PVT1 inhibits the proliferation of Raji cells through cell cycle regulation. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:1225-1234. [PMID: 31423183 PMCID: PMC6607259 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) has been reported to be associated with oncogenesis. However, the functional role of PVT1 in Burkitt lymphoma has not yet been addressed. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of PVT1 knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the proliferation of Burkitt lymphoma Raji cells and to explore its possible mechanism of action. An effective siRNA targeting PVT1 was screened and the corresponding short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was reconstructed into a lentiviral vector. Cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution were assessed by Cell Counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Protein expression levels of c-Myc, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor1A (CDKN1A, P21) and cyclin E1 (CCNE1) were detected by western blotting. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array was used to analyse the expression of genes associated with the cell cycle. PVT1 knockdown markedly suppressed proliferation, and induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in Raji cells. Protein expression levels of c-Myc and CCNE1 were reduced, whereas P21 protein expression was markedly increased following downregulation of PVT1 in Raji cells. The cell cycle PCR array revealed that 54 genes were upregulated and 26 genes were downregulated in Raji cells following PVT1 knockdown. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR demonstrated that cyclin G2 (CCNG2), CDKN1A, Retinoblastoma-like 2 (RBL2, p130), HUS1 checkpoint homolog, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 3 (CDKN3) and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B) expression were upregulated, whereas the expression levels of CCNE1, cyclin D1 (CCND1) and cell division cycle 20 (CDC20) were downregulated in Raji cells with PVT1 knockdown. In conclusion, PVT1 knockdown may inhibit the proliferation of Raji cells by arresting cells in G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, inhibition of cell proliferation may be associated with a reduction inc-Myc expression and alterations in the expression levels of cell cycle-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanli Zheng
- Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yangqiu Li
- Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei He
- Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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11
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LncRNA GAS8-AS1 suppresses papillary thyroid carcinoma cell growth through the miR-135b-5p/CCND2 axis. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181440. [PMID: 30429236 PMCID: PMC6328895 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential role of GAS8 antisense RNA 1 (GAS8-AS1) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). PcDNA3.1-GAS8-AS1 and si-GAS8-AS1, miR-135b-5p mimic and si-CCND2 were transfected into PTC cells. Cell proliferation was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). QRT-PCR was used to determine expressions of GAS8-AS1, miR-135b-5p, and CCND2, and Western blot were detected protein level of CCND2. The miRNA target gene prediction site TargetScan was used to predict potential targets of GAS8-AS1 and miR-135b-5p. Cell cycle progression was analyzed by flow cytometry. We found that GAS8-AS1 was down-regulated in PTC cell lines and inhibited proliferation and cycle of PTC cell. GAS8-AS1 directly targets miR-135b-5p, and GAS8-AS1 could regulate a downstream target of miR-135b-5p, Cyclin G2 (CCNG2), in an miR-135b-5p-mediated manner. In addition, we also proved that overexpressed GAS8-AS1 inhibited tumor formation in vivo. GAS8-AS1 suppresses PTC cell growth through the miR-135b-5p/CCND2 axis.
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12
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Li S, Gao J, Zhuang X, Zhao C, Hou X, Xing X, Chen C, Liu Q, Liu S, Luo Y. Cyclin G2 Inhibits the Warburg Effect and Tumour Progression by Suppressing LDHA Phosphorylation in Glioma. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:544-555. [PMID: 30745841 PMCID: PMC6367585 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.30297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin G2 has been identified as a tumour suppressor in several cancers. However, its regulatory roles and underlying mechanisms in tumours are still unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that cyclin G2 was expressed at low levels in glioma, which was as a poor prognostic factor for this disease. We also found that, cyclin G2 could suppress cell proliferation, initiate cell apoptosis and reduce aerobic glycolysis, suggesting that cyclin G2 plays a tumour suppressive role in glioma. Mechanistically, cyclin G2 could negatively regulate tyrosine-10 phosphorylation of a critical glycolytic enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase A, through direct interaction. Taken together, these results indicate that cyclin G2 acts as a tumour suppressor in glioma by repressing glycolysis and tumour progression through its interaction with LDHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Li
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinlan Gao
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinbin Zhuang
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hou
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuesha Xing
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Chen
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Liu
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Luo
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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13
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Pang C, Gu Y, Ding Y, Ma C, Yv W, Wang Q, Meng B. Several genes involved in the JAK-STAT pathway may act as prognostic markers in pancreatic cancer identified by microarray data analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13297. [PMID: 30557977 PMCID: PMC6320066 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify the underlying mechanisms in pancreatic cancer (PC) carcinogenesis and those as potential prognostic biomarkers, which can also be served as new therapeutic targets of PC. METHODS Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between PC tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissue samples from a public GSE62452 dataset, followed by functional and pathway enrichment analysis. Then, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and prognosis-related genes were screened based on genes in the PPI network, before which prognostic gene-related miRNA regulatory network was constructed. Functions of the prognostic gene in the network were enriched before which Kaplan-Meier plots were calculated for significant genes. Moreover, we predicted related drug molecules based on target genes in the miRNA regulatory network. Furthermore, another independent GSE60979 dataset was downloaded to validate the potentially significant genes. RESULTS In the GSE62452 dataset, 1017 significant DEGs were identified. Twenty-six important prognostic-related genes were found using multivariate Cox regression analysis. Through pathway enrichment analysis and miRNA regulatory analysis, we found that the 5 genes, such as Interleukin 22 Receptor Subunit Alpha 1 (IL22RA1), BCL2 Like 1 (BCL2L1), STAT1, MYC Proto-Oncogene (MYC), and Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription 2 (STAT2), involved in the Jak-STAT signaling pathway were significantly associated with prognosis. Moreover, the expression change of these 5 genes was further validated using another microarray dataset. Additionally, we identified camptothecin as an effective drug for PC. CONCLUSION IL22RA1, BCL2L1, STAT1, MYC, and STAT2 involved in the Jak-STAT signaling pathway may be significantly associated with prognosis of PC.
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14
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Gut microbiome disruption altered the biotransformation and liver toxicity of arsenic in mice. Arch Toxicol 2018; 93:25-35. [PMID: 30357543 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian gut microbiome (GM) plays a critical role in xenobiotic biotransformation and can profoundly affect the toxic effects of xenobiotics. Previous in vitro studies have demonstrated that gut bacteria have the capability to metabolize arsenic (As); however, the specific roles of the gut microbiota in As metabolism in vivo and the toxic effects of As are largely unknown. Here, we administered sodium arsenite to conventionally raised mice (with normal microbiomes) and GM-disrupted mice with antibiotics to investigate the role of the gut microbiota in As biotransformation and its toxicity. We found that the urinary total As levels of GM-disrupted mice were much higher, but the fecal total As levels were lower, than the levels in the conventionally raised mice. In vitro experiments, in which the GM was incubated with As, also demonstrated that the gut bacteria could adsorb or take up As and thus reduce the free As levels in the culture medium. With the disruption of the gut microbiota, arsenic biotransformation was significantly perturbed. Of note, the urinary monomethylarsonic acid/dimethylarsinic acid ratio, a biomarker of arsenic metabolism and toxicity, was markedly increased. Meanwhile, the expression of genes of one-carbon metabolism, including folr2, bhmt, and mthfr, was downregulated, and the liver S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) levels were significantly decreased in the As-treated GM-disrupted mice only. Moreover, As exposure altered the expression of genes of the p53 signaling pathway, and the expression of multiple genes associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was also changed in the As-treated GM-disrupted mice only. Collectively, disruption of the GM enhances the effect of As on one-carbon metabolism, which could in turn affect As biotransformation. GM disruption also increases the toxic effects of As and may increase the risk of As-induced HCC in mice.
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15
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Lin SS, Peng CY, Liao YW, Chou MY, Hsieh PL, Yu CC. miR-1246 Targets CCNG2 to Enhance Cancer Stemness and Chemoresistance in Oral Carcinomas. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10080272. [PMID: 30115848 PMCID: PMC6115994 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10080272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs have been recognized as crucial components in carcinogenesis, but whether miR-1246 affects the cancer stemness and drug resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not been fully understood and its downstream targets still need to be unraveled. In the present work, we employed miRNAs RT-PCR analysis to evaluate the expression of miR-1246 in tumor tissues and oral cancer stem cells (OCSC). Stemness phenotypes, including self-renewal, migration, invasion, colony formation capacities, and in vivo oncogenicity of oral cancer cells following transfected with miR-1246 inhibitors or mimics were examined. Our results suggested that the expression level of miR-1246 was significantly upregulated in the tumor tissues and OCSC. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of OSCC patients with high levels of miR-1246 had the worst survival rate compared to their low-expression counterparts. Inhibition of miR-1246 in OCSC significantly reduced the stemness hallmarks, while overexpression of miR-1246 enhanced these characteristics. Moreover, we showed that downregulation of miR-1246 decreased chemoresistance. In addition, we verified that miR-1246-inhibited CCNG2 contributed to the cancer stemness of OSCC. These results demonstrated the significance of miR-1246 in the regulation of OSCC stemness. Targeting miR-1246-CCNG2 axis may be beneficial to suppress cancer relapse and metastasis in OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Shen Lin
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Yu Peng
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Wen Liao
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Yung Chou
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
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16
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Zhang D, Wang C, Li Z, Li Y, Dai D, Han K, Lv L, Lu Y, Hou L, Wang J. CCNG2 Overexpression Mediated by AKT Inhibits Tumor Cell Proliferation in Human Astrocytoma Cells. Front Neurol 2018; 9:255. [PMID: 29720957 PMCID: PMC5915460 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclin family protein CCNG2 has an important inhibitory role in cancer initiation and progression, but the exact mechanism is still unknown. In this study, we examined the relationship between CCNG2 and the malignancy of astrocytomas and whether the AKT pathway, which is upregulated in astrocytomas, may inhibit CCNG2 expression. CCNG2 expression was found to be negatively associated with the pathological grade and proliferative activity of astrocytomas, as the highest expression was found in control brain tissue (N = 31), whereas the lowest expression was in high-grade glioma tissue (N = 31). Additionally, CCNG2 overexpression in glioma cell lines, T98G and U251 inhibited proliferation and arrested cells in the G0/G1 phase. Moreover, CCNG2 overexpression could increase glioma cells apoptosis. In contrast, AKT activity increased in glioma cells that had low CCNG2 expression. Expression of CCNG2 was higher in cells treated with the AKT kinase inhibitor MK-2206 indicating that the presence of phosphorylated AKT may inhibit the expression of CCNG2. Inhibition of AKT also led to decreased colony formation in T98G and U251 cells and knocked down of CCNG2 reversed the result. Finally, overexpression of CCNG2 in glioma cells reduced tumor volume in a murine model. To conclude, low expression of CCNG2 correlated with the severity astrocytoma and CCNG2 overexpression could induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation. Inhibition of AKT activity increased the expression of CCNG2. The present study highlights the regulatory consequences of CCNG2 expression and AKT activity in astrocytoma tumorigenesis and the potential use of CCNG2 in anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenxing Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dawei Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiwei Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liquan Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yicheng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Cánovas V, Puñal Y, Maggio V, Redondo E, Marín M, Mellado B, Olivan M, Lleonart M, Planas J, Morote J, Paciucci R. Prostate Tumor Overexpressed-1 (PTOV1) promotes docetaxel-resistance and survival of castration resistant prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:59165-59180. [PMID: 28938627 PMCID: PMC5601723 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic prostate cancer is presently incurable. The oncogenic protein PTOV1, first described in prostate cancer, was reported as overexpressed and significantly correlated with poor survival in numerous tumors. Here, we investigated the role of PTOV1 in prostate cancer survival to docetaxel and self-renewal ability. Transduction of PTOV1 in docetaxel-sensitive Du145 and PC3 cells significantly increased cell survival after docetaxel exposure and induced docetaxel-resistance genes expression (ABCB1, CCNG2 and TUBB2B). In addition, PTOV1 induced prostatospheres formation and self-renewal genes expression (ALDH1A1, LIN28A, MYC and NANOG). In contrast, Du145 and PC3 cells knockdown for PTOV1 significantly accumulated in the G2/M phase, presented a concomitant increased subG1 peak, and cell death by apoptosis. These effects were enhanced in docetaxel-resistant cells. Analyses of tumor datasets show that PTOV1 expression significantly correlated with prostate tumor grade, drug resistance (CCNG2) and self-renewal (ALDH1A1, MYC) markers. These genes are concurrently overexpressed in most metastatic lesions. Metastases also show PTOV1 genomic amplification in significant co-occurrence with docetaxel-resistance and self-renewal genes. Our findings identify PTOV1 as a promoter of docetaxel-resistance and self-renewal characteristics for castration resistant prostate cancer. The concomitant increased expression of PTOV1, ALDH1A1 and CCNG2 in primary tumors, may predict metastasis and bad prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Cánovas
- Biomedical Research Group of Urology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Puñal
- Biomedical Research Group of Urology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valentina Maggio
- Biomedical Research Group of Urology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Redondo
- Biomedical Research Group of Urology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Marín
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Medical Oncoloy Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Begoña Mellado
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Medical Oncoloy Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Olivan
- Biomedical Research Group of Urology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matilde Lleonart
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jacques Planas
- Biomedical Research Group of Urology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Deparment of Urology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Morote
- Biomedical Research Group of Urology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Deparment of Urology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosanna Paciucci
- Biomedical Research Group of Urology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Comprehensive phenotypic analysis of knockout mice deficient in cyclin G1 and cyclin G2. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39091. [PMID: 27982046 PMCID: PMC5159814 DOI: 10.1038/srep39091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin G1 (CycG1) and Cyclin G2 (CycG2) play similar roles during the DNA damage response (DDR), but their detailed roles remain elusive. To investigate their distinct roles, we generated knockout mice deficient in CycG1 (G1KO) or CycG2 (G2KO), as well as double knockout mice (DKO) deficient in both proteins. All knockouts developed normally and were fertile. Generation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from these mice revealed that G2KO MEFs, but not G1KO or DKO MEFs, were resistant to DNA damage insults caused by camptothecin and ionizing radiation (IR) and underwent cell cycle arrest. CycG2, but not CycG1, co-localized with γH2AX foci in the nucleus after γ-IR, and γH2AX-mediated DNA repair and dephosphorylation of CHK2 were delayed in G2KO MEFs. H2AX associated with CycG1, CycG2, and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), suggesting that γH2AX affects the function of PP2A via direct interaction with its B'γ subunit. Furthermore, expression of CycG2, but not CycG1, was abnormal in various cancer cell lines. Kaplan-Meier curves based on TCGA data disclosed that head and neck cancer patients with reduced CycG2 expression have poorer clinical prognoses. Taken together, our data suggest that reduced CycG2 expression could be useful as a novel prognostic marker of cancer.
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